Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i2.51
S. Vaishali, R. Jayaseelan, H. Nithya, S. Ranganathan, P. Kannan
Background: COVID 19 is an ongoing pandemic that has affected people and health workers world-wide. Health care workers not only face short term effects but also long-term psychological consequences due to these stressful situations. Coping strategies can influence health however coping strategies among medical fraternity have not been studied adequately. Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study was done through an online self-reporting survey model. The BRIEF COPE tool developed by Carver et al was used to assess the coping style. The coping strategy employed was compared to socio-demographic and other variables like professional experience Results: Increasing age was positively correlated with emotion focused and problem focused coping strategies. Marital status had a positive correlation with emotion and problem focused strategies Conclusion: Coping styles in medical professionals differs from those of the general population seen in previous studies. Within the group of medical professionals, those with higher age, higher designation and being married were more likely to use problem focused and emotion focused coping mechanisms which are in general adaptive strategies.
{"title":"Coping Strategies Among Medical Professionals During COVID 19 Outbreak","authors":"S. Vaishali, R. Jayaseelan, H. Nithya, S. Ranganathan, P. Kannan","doi":"10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i2.51","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i2.51","url":null,"abstract":"Background: COVID 19 is an ongoing pandemic that has affected people and health workers world-wide. Health care workers not only face short term effects but also long-term psychological consequences due to these stressful situations. Coping strategies can influence health however coping strategies among medical fraternity have not been studied adequately. Methodology: A cross sectional descriptive study was done through an online self-reporting survey model. The BRIEF COPE tool developed by Carver et al was used to assess the coping style. The coping strategy employed was compared to socio-demographic and other variables like professional experience Results: Increasing age was positively correlated with emotion focused and problem focused coping strategies. Marital status had a positive correlation with emotion and problem focused strategies Conclusion: Coping styles in medical professionals differs from those of the general population seen in previous studies. Within the group of medical professionals, those with higher age, higher designation and being married were more likely to use problem focused and emotion focused coping mechanisms which are in general adaptive strategies.","PeriodicalId":113988,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEUROSCIENCES","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133646500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-07-01DOI: 10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i2.45
Kannappa V. Shetty, S. Priyanka, M. S. Kumar, C. Akhila, Jyothsna Sreenivas, V. Raghavan
Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown to reduce the spread of the infection has had a huge mental health impact. Added social and economic constraints to this could lead to violence among the married couples in the domestic settings. Hence, the aim of the study was to examine the gender differences in domestic violence and factors associated with it among married couples living together during COVID-19 lockdown in an urban setting. Materials and Methods: Online survey through Google Forms was used to collect data from the study participants after obtaining written informed consent. Participants living with their partner during the lockdown were recruited into the study. Sociodemographic profile of the study participants was collected through a semi-structured proforma, Family emotional involvement and criticism scale, Brief COPE, The violence scale and P.G.I. General Wellbeing. All statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.0. Results: A total of 69 participants completed the survey. The mean age of the participants was 40.5±9.1. More females (45, 65.2%) had participated in the study than males (24, 34.8%). Females were found to report statistically significant higher violence in sexual (p=0.019), social violence as ridiculed, demeaned or insulted in the presence of family members and friends (p=0.01) and intellectual violence by non-participation when issues are important (p=0.006). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed female gender alone found to be associated with domestic violence among the study participants. Conclusion: Domestic violence during COVID-19 lockdown has highlighted the prevailing gender-based violence and demands for interventions to prevent and reduce domestic violence at the individual, family, and society level.
{"title":"Domestic violence among married couples during COVID-19 lockdown in an urban setting: A crosssectional survey","authors":"Kannappa V. Shetty, S. Priyanka, M. S. Kumar, C. Akhila, Jyothsna Sreenivas, V. Raghavan","doi":"10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i2.45","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i2.45","url":null,"abstract":"Background: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic and lockdown to reduce the spread of the infection has had a huge mental health impact. Added social and economic constraints to this could lead to violence among the married couples in the domestic settings. Hence, the aim of the study was to examine the gender differences in domestic violence and factors associated with it among married couples living together during COVID-19 lockdown in an urban setting. Materials and Methods: Online survey through Google Forms was used to collect data from the study participants after obtaining written informed consent. Participants living with their partner during the lockdown were recruited into the study. Sociodemographic profile of the study participants was collected through a semi-structured proforma, Family emotional involvement and criticism scale, Brief COPE, The violence scale and P.G.I. General Wellbeing. All statistical analysis was done using SPSS 20.0. Results: A total of 69 participants completed the survey. The mean age of the participants was 40.5±9.1. More females (45, 65.2%) had participated in the study than males (24, 34.8%). Females were found to report statistically significant higher violence in sexual (p=0.019), social violence as ridiculed, demeaned or insulted in the presence of family members and friends (p=0.01) and intellectual violence by non-participation when issues are important (p=0.006). Multivariate logistic regression analysis showed female gender alone found to be associated with domestic violence among the study participants. Conclusion: Domestic violence during COVID-19 lockdown has highlighted the prevailing gender-based violence and demands for interventions to prevent and reduce domestic violence at the individual, family, and society level.","PeriodicalId":113988,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEUROSCIENCES","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129337933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.31
J. Rita, P. Kannan, V. Raghavan, S. Nambi
Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most common pervasive developmental disorder and present with varied severity and clinical presentation. The diagnosis of ASD in the children has a huge psychological impact among their primary caregivers, leading to distress and mental health issues. The aim of our study was to assess the association between the severity and repetitive behaviours in children with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression levels among their primary caregivers. Materials and methods: Children with autism spectrum disorder and their primary caregivers were recruited from the child psychiatry unit of large tertiary children hospital in south India, after informed consent. Severity of ASD was assessed by Childhood Autism Rating Scale – 1 (CARS-1) and repetitive behaviour by Repetitive behaviour scale - Revised (RBS-R). Among the caregivers, anxiety levels were assessed by Hamilton rating scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) and depression levels were assessed by Hamilton rating scale for Depression (HAM-D). Results: We recruited 100 children with ASD and their mothers (primary caregivers) in the study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among mothers of children with ASD was 44% and 30%. Statistically significant correlation was observed between CARS scores and HAM-A (p=0.002) and HAM-D (p less than 0.001) scores. Among the repetitive behaviours, self-injurious behaviour was found to be significantly associated with anxiety (p less than 0.001) and depression (p less than 0.001) scores, while stereotyped (P =0.002) and compulsive (p=0.004) behaviours were associated with depression scores. Conclusion: There is a significant association between severity of autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression among their mothers.
{"title":"Association between severity and repetitive behaviours among children with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression among their primary caregivers","authors":"J. Rita, P. Kannan, V. Raghavan, S. Nambi","doi":"10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.31","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) is one of the most common pervasive developmental disorder and present with varied severity and clinical presentation. The diagnosis of ASD in the children has a huge psychological impact among their primary caregivers, leading to distress and mental health issues. The aim of our study was to assess the association between the severity and repetitive behaviours in children with autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression levels among their primary caregivers. Materials and methods: Children with autism spectrum disorder and their primary caregivers were recruited from the child psychiatry unit of large tertiary children hospital in south India, after informed consent. Severity of ASD was assessed by Childhood Autism Rating Scale – 1 (CARS-1) and repetitive behaviour by Repetitive behaviour scale - Revised (RBS-R). Among the caregivers, anxiety levels were assessed by Hamilton rating scale for Anxiety (HAM-A) and depression levels were assessed by Hamilton rating scale for Depression (HAM-D). Results: We recruited 100 children with ASD and their mothers (primary caregivers) in the study. The prevalence of anxiety and depression among mothers of children with ASD was 44% and 30%. Statistically significant correlation was observed between CARS scores and HAM-A (p=0.002) and HAM-D (p less than 0.001) scores. Among the repetitive behaviours, self-injurious behaviour was found to be significantly associated with anxiety (p less than 0.001) and depression (p less than 0.001) scores, while stereotyped (P =0.002) and compulsive (p=0.004) behaviours were associated with depression scores. Conclusion: There is a significant association between severity of autism spectrum disorder and anxiety and depression among their mothers.","PeriodicalId":113988,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEUROSCIENCES","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115993979","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.32
O. Somasundaram, Tejus Murthy, V. Raghavan
Explorations of the relationship between psychopathology and creativity, especially with respect to alcoholism, is very sparse in our Indian psychiatric literature. The habits of two of our prominent artists of the twentieth century, one a Carnatic musician and another a film actor and singer, along with a few others are described in this article.
{"title":"Artists down the alcohol spiral","authors":"O. Somasundaram, Tejus Murthy, V. Raghavan","doi":"10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.32","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.32","url":null,"abstract":"Explorations of the relationship between psychopathology and creativity, especially with respect to alcoholism, is very sparse in our Indian psychiatric literature. The habits of two of our prominent artists of the twentieth century, one a Carnatic musician and another a film actor and singer, along with a few others are described in this article.","PeriodicalId":113988,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEUROSCIENCES","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126478865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.44
R. Parvathy, Balasankaralingam Sugetha, P. Ramachandran
Background: High burden of comorbid physical non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is observed in patients with psychiatric illnesses. However, little attention is paid to physical illnesses of this patient population. This study evaluated the self-reported frequency of physical NCDs in patients with psychiatric illnesses, current involvement of psychiatrists in managing these NCDs and association of NCDs with socio-demographic and clinical factors. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in out-patient department of a tertiary mental health centre in southern India. Consecutive adult patients (N=450) fulfilling the study’s inclusion criteria were interviewed regarding comorbid physical NCDs including diabetes and hypertension, and aspects related to their diagnosis and treatment. Psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic treatment information was obtained from electronic patient records maintained at the centre. Results: Overall frequency of any physical NCD was 24.9%, with diabetes and hypertension reported by 15.8% and 8.7% of patients, respectively. Patients with diabetes or hypertension were more likely to be older, have a family history of diabetes/hypertension, or psychiatric illness for at least 5 years or longer. Less than 8% of patients with diabetes or hypertension were treated for their physical NCD by psychiatrists. Forty patients with elevated BP (≥140 and/or ≥90 mmHg) or at risk for hypertension were identified while conducting physical examination as part of the study. Conclusion: Diabetes and hypertension are common physical NCDs in patients with psychiatric illness. Therefore, it is important that psychiatrists be aware of and identify patients who are at risk for such NCDs.
{"title":"Diabetes and Hypertension among patients with psychiatric illnesses attending outpatient services in a tertiary mental health centre: A cross-sectional study from south India","authors":"R. Parvathy, Balasankaralingam Sugetha, P. Ramachandran","doi":"10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.44","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.44","url":null,"abstract":"Background: High burden of comorbid physical non-communicable diseases (NCDs) is observed in patients with psychiatric illnesses. However, little attention is paid to physical illnesses of this patient population. This study evaluated the self-reported frequency of physical NCDs in patients with psychiatric illnesses, current involvement of psychiatrists in managing these NCDs and association of NCDs with socio-demographic and clinical factors. Materials and methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted in out-patient department of a tertiary mental health centre in southern India. Consecutive adult patients (N=450) fulfilling the study’s inclusion criteria were interviewed regarding comorbid physical NCDs including diabetes and hypertension, and aspects related to their diagnosis and treatment. Psychiatric diagnoses and psychotropic treatment information was obtained from electronic patient records maintained at the centre. Results: Overall frequency of any physical NCD was 24.9%, with diabetes and hypertension reported by 15.8% and 8.7% of patients, respectively. Patients with diabetes or hypertension were more likely to be older, have a family history of diabetes/hypertension, or psychiatric illness for at least 5 years or longer. Less than 8% of patients with diabetes or hypertension were treated for their physical NCD by psychiatrists. Forty patients with elevated BP (≥140 and/or ≥90 mmHg) or at risk for hypertension were identified while conducting physical examination as part of the study. Conclusion: Diabetes and hypertension are common physical NCDs in patients with psychiatric illness. Therefore, it is important that psychiatrists be aware of and identify patients who are at risk for such NCDs.","PeriodicalId":113988,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEUROSCIENCES","volume":"394 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133821016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.18
Aishwarya Gonzalez Cherubal, S. Pooja, V. Raghavan
Background: Sleep disorders can act as risk factors and even aggravate underlying conditions. With prevalence of 17% in general population, hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in India. Though hypertension has various well established risk factors like family history, sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, smoking and age, sleep is often an understudied and overlooked factor. Body mass index is another important risk factor for various physical conditions. Associations between sleep and body mass index have been documented in many studies around the world. Although a consensus is yet to be drawn, many studies highlight that BMI related disorders could be predicted by sleep duration and quality. Materials and Methods: Two hundred consecutive hypertensive patients who were attending the OPD for follow-up were included as participants in this study after obtaining an informed consent. A semi structured proforma was designed to elicit the socio demographic profile of the participants. Each participant was assessed for the presence of sleep disorders by sleep-50 questionnaire and quality of sleep by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: Results found that BMI was significantly correlated with sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep disorder. Hypertension was not significantly correlated to sleep quality or duration but associated to sleep disorder. Conclusion: This study found that body mass index was significantly correlated with sleep variables such as sleep duration, sleep quality, and sleep disorders. Maintaining a healthy BMI could in fact impact the amount and quality of sleep an individual receives.
{"title":"Association Between Hypertension, Body Mass Index, and Sleep: A Cross-Sectional Study","authors":"Aishwarya Gonzalez Cherubal, S. Pooja, V. Raghavan","doi":"10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.18","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.18","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Sleep disorders can act as risk factors and even aggravate underlying conditions. With prevalence of 17% in general population, hypertension is a leading cause of morbidity and mortality in India. Though hypertension has various well established risk factors like family history, sedentary lifestyle, poor diet, smoking and age, sleep is often an understudied and overlooked factor. Body mass index is another important risk factor for various physical conditions. Associations between sleep and body mass index have been documented in many studies around the world. Although a consensus is yet to be drawn, many studies highlight that BMI related disorders could be predicted by sleep duration and quality. Materials and Methods: Two hundred consecutive hypertensive patients who were attending the OPD for follow-up were included as participants in this study after obtaining an informed consent. A semi structured proforma was designed to elicit the socio demographic profile of the participants. Each participant was assessed for the presence of sleep disorders by sleep-50 questionnaire and quality of sleep by the Pittsburgh Sleep Quality Index (PSQI). Results: Results found that BMI was significantly correlated with sleep quality, sleep duration, and sleep disorder. Hypertension was not significantly correlated to sleep quality or duration but associated to sleep disorder. Conclusion: This study found that body mass index was significantly correlated with sleep variables such as sleep duration, sleep quality, and sleep disorders. Maintaining a healthy BMI could in fact impact the amount and quality of sleep an individual receives.","PeriodicalId":113988,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEUROSCIENCES","volume":"91 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127333683","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.63
Sarada Menon1, J. Menon, P. Poornachandrika
According to the Oxford dictionary “Institution” is an important public body, a home providing care for people with special needs and ‘institutionalise’ is placing such persons in a residential institution. In the context of the topic being discussed, institution is a home for persons with special needs and similarly institutionalisation is placing the persons with serious mental illness, whether acute, subacute or chronic. Deinstitutionalisation is increasingly being projected as the most needed reform in the mental health care by many experts in our country, but the implications of this merit’s critical evaluation.
{"title":"Deinstitutionalization and The Homeless Mentally Ill","authors":"Sarada Menon1, J. Menon, P. Poornachandrika","doi":"10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.63","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.63","url":null,"abstract":"According to the Oxford dictionary “Institution” is an important public body, a home providing care for people with special needs and ‘institutionalise’ is placing such persons in a residential institution. In the context of the topic being discussed, institution is a home for persons with special needs and similarly institutionalisation is placing the persons with serious mental illness, whether acute, subacute or chronic. Deinstitutionalisation is increasingly being projected as the most needed reform in the mental health care by many experts in our country, but the implications of this merit’s critical evaluation.","PeriodicalId":113988,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEUROSCIENCES","volume":"42 11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132469329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-01-01DOI: 10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.46
P. Dave, S. Sudha, V. Raghavan, P. Poornachandrika
Background: Various built environment characteristics have been shown to have varied effects on mental health. There is evidence for a positive relationship between certain BE characteristics and mental disorders. The talk on cognition is inevitable in any argument on mental health. This review looks at various BE characteristics and cognition and their interrelationship. Materials and Methods: A Boolean search of PubMed articles with keywords like ‘built environment’, ‘built spaces’, ‘green spaces’, greenspace,’neighbourhood environment’ and ‘attention’, ‘concentration’, ‘cognition’, ‘cognitive function’ and ‘cognitive disorders’ was carried out and relevant articles were chosen by two individual investigators. Results: 26 articles were chosen for the study, of which 22 were cross-sectional, 1 longitudinal, 1 cohort, 1 retrospective and 1 prospective study. Conclusion: There is a lot of evidence for the positive correlation between green spaces and cognitive performance. Greenness, biodiversity, walkability has been investigated to show a beneficial effect on cognition, especially attention restoration. Longitudinal studies that include persons with comorbidities will help as better evidences for the above positive correlation.
{"title":"Association Between Built Space and Cognition in Humans: A Scoping Review","authors":"P. Dave, S. Sudha, V. Raghavan, P. Poornachandrika","doi":"10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.46","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2020.v3.i1.46","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Various built environment characteristics have been shown to have varied effects on mental health. There is evidence for a positive relationship between certain BE characteristics and mental disorders. The talk on cognition is inevitable in any argument on mental health. This review looks at various BE characteristics and cognition and their interrelationship. Materials and Methods: A Boolean search of PubMed articles with keywords like ‘built environment’, ‘built spaces’, ‘green spaces’, greenspace,’neighbourhood environment’ and ‘attention’, ‘concentration’, ‘cognition’, ‘cognitive function’ and ‘cognitive disorders’ was carried out and relevant articles were chosen by two individual investigators. Results: 26 articles were chosen for the study, of which 22 were cross-sectional, 1 longitudinal, 1 cohort, 1 retrospective and 1 prospective study. Conclusion: There is a lot of evidence for the positive correlation between green spaces and cognitive performance. Greenness, biodiversity, walkability has been investigated to show a beneficial effect on cognition, especially attention restoration. Longitudinal studies that include persons with comorbidities will help as better evidences for the above positive correlation.","PeriodicalId":113988,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEUROSCIENCES","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114611865","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2019.v2.i2.28
S. Srinivasaragavan, P. P., V. Raghavan
BACKGROUND Long acting antipsychotics injections (LAIs) have proven efficacious with regard to improvement in symptoms, adherence and reduction of caregiver burden. Yet, their prescription pattern is less studied. Hence, the aim of the study was to examine the prescription pattern of a long acting antipsychotic injection, haloperidol, in a large tertiary psychiatry hospital over a period of 10 years from 2009 to 2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective study design was used to collect data for a time period of 10 years from 2009 – 2018. The data were collected from the hospital records for the total number of persons with mental health disorders used the tertiary center and from the central pharmacy records on the total long acting antipsychotics injection (Haloperidol LAI) dispensed during the study period. RESULTS Despite unchanging patient inflow, there was a decline in utilization of long acting haloperidol injection. The average number of haloperidol units utilized was 1595.5±294.8. The use sloped down from an average of 16 units per 1000 patients per month in 2009 to about 9 units per 1000 patients per month in 2018. CONCLUSION Steady declining pattern in the prescription of LAIs for the management of mental health disorders is observed, even though they are proven to be effective and have ease of use. It is important to explore the reasons and provide education and training for better utilization of LAIs among mental health professionals.
{"title":"Prescription Pattern of Long Acting Haloperidol in a Tertiary Psychiatric Institution in South India: Ten - Year Retrospective Records Study","authors":"S. Srinivasaragavan, P. P., V. Raghavan","doi":"10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2019.v2.i2.28","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2019.v2.i2.28","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Long acting antipsychotics injections (LAIs) have proven efficacious with regard to improvement in symptoms, adherence and reduction of caregiver burden. Yet, their prescription pattern is less studied. Hence, the aim of the study was to examine the prescription pattern of a long acting antipsychotic injection, haloperidol, in a large tertiary psychiatry hospital over a period of 10 years from 2009 to 2018. MATERIALS AND METHODS Retrospective study design was used to collect data for a time period of 10 years from 2009 – 2018. The data were collected from the hospital records for the total number of persons with mental health disorders used the tertiary center and from the central pharmacy records on the total long acting antipsychotics injection (Haloperidol LAI) dispensed during the study period. RESULTS Despite unchanging patient inflow, there was a decline in utilization of long acting haloperidol injection. The average number of haloperidol units utilized was 1595.5±294.8. The use sloped down from an average of 16 units per 1000 patients per month in 2009 to about 9 units per 1000 patients per month in 2018. CONCLUSION Steady declining pattern in the prescription of LAIs for the management of mental health disorders is observed, even though they are proven to be effective and have ease of use. It is important to explore the reasons and provide education and training for better utilization of LAIs among mental health professionals.","PeriodicalId":113988,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEUROSCIENCES","volume":"68 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126330547","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-07-01DOI: 10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2019.v2.i2.23
P. M. A. Nishad, Dilshana N.B, A. Kakunje, R. Karkal, Mohmmed Kamran Chisty
BACKGROUND Mental and behavioral disorders are major health problems. Stigma can prevent the care and treatment of the mentally ill. There is a gross underestimation of psychiatric comorbidities among patients by non-mental health professionals. A positive attitude of these health professionals has a crucial role in the treatment of patients suffering from psychiatric illness. The primary objective of the study is to study the attitude of various nonmental health professionals towards mental illness. METHODS It is a crosssectional descriptive study, conducted in a private medical college in Mangalore, Karnataka in India. The study had 76 participants consisting of doctors and nurses. Instruments used were a semi-structured demographic proforma and Mental illness: Clinicians Attitude Scale - Version 4 (MICA-4). MICA-4 is a 16- item scale used for assessing attitude towards mental illness. RESULTS The total number of subjects included was 76 among which doctors constituted 57 and nurses 19. As the experience and age of the participants increased, a shift to the positive attitude towards psychiatric illness was noted. Specialist doctors had a higher positive attitude compared to non-specialist medical graduates and nurses. CONCLUSIONS It is essential to have structured training in psychiatry for all health care professionals.
{"title":"Attitude of Non-Mental Health Professionals Towards Mental Illness in a Tertiary Care Center","authors":"P. M. A. Nishad, Dilshana N.B, A. Kakunje, R. Karkal, Mohmmed Kamran Chisty","doi":"10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2019.v2.i2.23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.32746/10.32746/ijmhns.2019.v2.i2.23","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND Mental and behavioral disorders are major health problems. Stigma can prevent the care and treatment of the mentally ill. There is a gross underestimation of psychiatric comorbidities among patients by non-mental health professionals. A positive attitude of these health professionals has a crucial role in the treatment of patients suffering from psychiatric illness. The primary objective of the study is to study the attitude of various nonmental health professionals towards mental illness. METHODS It is a crosssectional descriptive study, conducted in a private medical college in Mangalore, Karnataka in India. The study had 76 participants consisting of doctors and nurses. Instruments used were a semi-structured demographic proforma and Mental illness: Clinicians Attitude Scale - Version 4 (MICA-4). MICA-4 is a 16- item scale used for assessing attitude towards mental illness. RESULTS The total number of subjects included was 76 among which doctors constituted 57 and nurses 19. As the experience and age of the participants increased, a shift to the positive attitude towards psychiatric illness was noted. Specialist doctors had a higher positive attitude compared to non-specialist medical graduates and nurses. CONCLUSIONS It is essential to have structured training in psychiatry for all health care professionals.","PeriodicalId":113988,"journal":{"name":"INDIAN JOURNAL OF MENTAL HEALTH AND NEUROSCIENCES","volume":"125 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131666328","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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