Pub Date : 2023-09-13DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01897-2
Po-Han Lee, Jann-Yenq Liu
Abstract Continuous observations at specified locations and chronicling of astronomical phenomena provide a good opportunity to study ancient space weather. There are 248 white, 125 red, and 44 blue color aurora-like descriptions, also known as aurora candidates, recorded in Chinese official historical records during the 1365-year period of 511–1876. Qualitative descriptions of the color, location, and appearance time of these candidates are quantitatively denoted. The red, white, and blue aurora candidates occurred most frequently 34% in autumn, 32% in summer, and 49% in summer, respectively. The white and red aurora as well as the overall candidates tend to appear during high solar activity periods. By contrast, the blue candidates frequently occur during low solar activity periods. Statistical results with 90% confidence intervals further show that the relationship between solar activities and overall/red (white/blue) aurora candidates is significant (insignificant). The red aurora candidates that frequently occurred in autumn during the periods of high solar activity agree well with those of low/middle latitude auroras, while the white aurora candidates might be confounded by noctilucent clouds or other atmospheric optical events, such as airglows, moon halo, etc. The study of ancient space weather/climate based on historical records shows that aurora occurrences are related to solar activities, and in particular, red auroras frequently appear in low/middle latitudes during high solar activity periods. Graphical Abstract
{"title":"Response of aurora candidates in the Chinese official histories to the space climate during 511–1876","authors":"Po-Han Lee, Jann-Yenq Liu","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01897-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01897-2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Continuous observations at specified locations and chronicling of astronomical phenomena provide a good opportunity to study ancient space weather. There are 248 white, 125 red, and 44 blue color aurora-like descriptions, also known as aurora candidates, recorded in Chinese official historical records during the 1365-year period of 511–1876. Qualitative descriptions of the color, location, and appearance time of these candidates are quantitatively denoted. The red, white, and blue aurora candidates occurred most frequently 34% in autumn, 32% in summer, and 49% in summer, respectively. The white and red aurora as well as the overall candidates tend to appear during high solar activity periods. By contrast, the blue candidates frequently occur during low solar activity periods. Statistical results with 90% confidence intervals further show that the relationship between solar activities and overall/red (white/blue) aurora candidates is significant (insignificant). The red aurora candidates that frequently occurred in autumn during the periods of high solar activity agree well with those of low/middle latitude auroras, while the white aurora candidates might be confounded by noctilucent clouds or other atmospheric optical events, such as airglows, moon halo, etc. The study of ancient space weather/climate based on historical records shows that aurora occurrences are related to solar activities, and in particular, red auroras frequently appear in low/middle latitudes during high solar activity periods. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"13 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135741578","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-12DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01893-6
C. Stolle, J. Baerenzung, E. A. Kronberg, J. Kusche, H. Liu, H. Shimizu
{"title":"Special issue “DynamicEarth: Earth’s interior, surface, ocean, atmosphere, and near space interactions”","authors":"C. Stolle, J. Baerenzung, E. A. Kronberg, J. Kusche, H. Liu, H. Shimizu","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01893-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01893-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135878054","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01891-8
Toyese Tunde Ayorinde, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Hisao Takahashi, Diego Barros, Cosme Alexandre Oliveira Barros Figueiredo, Solomon Otoo Lomotey, Patrick Essien, Anderson Vestena Bilibio
Abstract Using COSMIC-2 and METOP radio occultation measurements during the years 2020 and 2021, the study presents the first direct and independent relationship between the potential energy (E p ) in the stratosphere, precipitable water vapour (PWV), tropopause heights (TPH), and cold-point heights (CPH) over South America. The South American continent comprises the tropical region, the Andes Mountain range, and mid-latitude climates. The seasonal mean of the potential energy (E p ), the PWV, and the tropopause parameters height (TPH and CPH) were obtained to investigate the relationship between the stratospheric gravity wave (SGW) E p and the tropospheric parameters (PWV, TPH, and CPH). Around the Andes Mountains to the east, there is significantly less water vapour (PWV < 10 mm) and a relatively high gravity wave E p (E p > 8 kJ kg − 1 ). A good correlation of variability was found between the PWV and the lower SGW E p in summer over the tropical region (± 20 ◦ ). Generally, good and strong correlations were observed in the summer and spring, with negative/no correlations in the winter in 2020 and 2021. Also, good and strong correlations between SGW, PWV, and TPH were observed in the summer at $${20}^{o}N - {10}^{o}N$$ 20oN-10oN in 2020 and 2021. Our result demonstrated the possibility that convective activity was a major driver of the tropical gravity waves over South America. In the subtropical (30 $$^circ$$ ∘ –40 $$^circ$$ ∘ ) region, especially in the winter, the tropospheric parameters make little or no contribution to gravity wave activity in the region. The CPH generally showed a no/negative with SGW over the South American tropics. The SGW activities in the tropical region showed an impact on the structure of the tropopause parameters, which could be a result of the convective activity in this region. Graphical Abstract
利用COSMIC-2和METOP在2020年和2021年的射电掩星测量数据，研究首次揭示了南美洲平流层势能(E p)、可降水量(PWV)、对流层顶高度(TPH)和冷点高度(CPH)之间的直接独立关系。南美洲大陆包括热带地区、安第斯山脉和中纬度气候。利用平流层重力波(SGW)势能(E p)、PWV和对流层顶参数高度(TPH和CPH)的季节平均值，探讨了平流层重力波(SGW) E p与对流层参数(PWV、TPH和CPH)的关系。在东部的安第斯山脉周围，水蒸气明显减少(PWV ＆lt;10 mm)和相对较高的重力波exp (exp ＆gt;8kj kg−1)。在热带地区(±20°)夏季，PWV与较低的SGW E p之间存在较好的相关性。总体而言，2020年和2021年夏季和春季呈较好的强相关，冬季呈负相关或不相关。此外，在2020年和2021年$${20}^{o}N - {10}^{o}N$$ 20 o N - 10 o N夏季，观测到SGW、PWV和TPH之间存在良好且强的相关性。我们的结果表明，对流活动可能是南美洲热带重力波的主要驱动因素。在亚热带(30 $$^circ$$ -40 $$^circ$$°)地区，特别是在冬季，对流层参数对该地区的重力波活动贡献很小或没有贡献。CPH在南美洲热带上空与SGW呈正/负关系。热带SGW活动对对流层顶参数的结构产生影响，这可能是该地区对流活动的结果。图形摘要
{"title":"Stratospheric gravity wave potential energy and tropospheric parameters relationships over South America: a study using COSMIC-2 and METOP radio occultation measurements","authors":"Toyese Tunde Ayorinde, Cristiano Max Wrasse, Hisao Takahashi, Diego Barros, Cosme Alexandre Oliveira Barros Figueiredo, Solomon Otoo Lomotey, Patrick Essien, Anderson Vestena Bilibio","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01891-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01891-8","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Using COSMIC-2 and METOP radio occultation measurements during the years 2020 and 2021, the study presents the first direct and independent relationship between the potential energy (E p ) in the stratosphere, precipitable water vapour (PWV), tropopause heights (TPH), and cold-point heights (CPH) over South America. The South American continent comprises the tropical region, the Andes Mountain range, and mid-latitude climates. The seasonal mean of the potential energy (E p ), the PWV, and the tropopause parameters height (TPH and CPH) were obtained to investigate the relationship between the stratospheric gravity wave (SGW) E p and the tropospheric parameters (PWV, TPH, and CPH). Around the Andes Mountains to the east, there is significantly less water vapour (PWV < 10 mm) and a relatively high gravity wave E p (E p > 8 kJ kg − 1 ). A good correlation of variability was found between the PWV and the lower SGW E p in summer over the tropical region (± 20 ◦ ). Generally, good and strong correlations were observed in the summer and spring, with negative/no correlations in the winter in 2020 and 2021. Also, good and strong correlations between SGW, PWV, and TPH were observed in the summer at $${20}^{o}N - {10}^{o}N$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <mml:mrow> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>20</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>o</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> <mml:mo>-</mml:mo> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow> <mml:mn>10</mml:mn> </mml:mrow> <mml:mi>o</mml:mi> </mml:msup> <mml:mi>N</mml:mi> </mml:mrow> </mml:math> in 2020 and 2021. Our result demonstrated the possibility that convective activity was a major driver of the tropical gravity waves over South America. In the subtropical (30 $$^circ$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow /> <mml:mo>∘</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> –40 $$^circ$$ <mml:math xmlns:mml=\"http://www.w3.org/1998/Math/MathML\"> <mml:msup> <mml:mrow /> <mml:mo>∘</mml:mo> </mml:msup> </mml:math> ) region, especially in the winter, the tropospheric parameters make little or no contribution to gravity wave activity in the region. The CPH generally showed a no/negative with SGW over the South American tropics. The SGW activities in the tropical region showed an impact on the structure of the tropopause parameters, which could be a result of the convective activity in this region. Graphical Abstract","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135980742","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-08DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01884-7
S. Miyanaga, Hiroaki Yamanaka
{"title":"Effects of surface topography and subsurface structural irregularities of river embankments on Rayleigh wave propagation","authors":"S. Miyanaga, Hiroaki Yamanaka","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01884-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01884-7","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":" ","pages":"1-19"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45871208","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-07DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01886-5
Jinpyo Hong, Kiyeon Kim, Seokhoon Oh, Hyoung-Seok Kwon, Sung Hi Choi, Sun-Cheon Park
{"title":"Delineation of shallow volcanic structures from audio-frequency magnetotelluric data beneath Ulleung Island, East Sea (Sea of Japan)","authors":"Jinpyo Hong, Kiyeon Kim, Seokhoon Oh, Hyoung-Seok Kwon, Sung Hi Choi, Sun-Cheon Park","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01886-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01886-5","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43048144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01889-2
S. Petrosino, M. Falanga, Teh-Ru Alex Song
{"title":"Hydrothermal signature on episodic deflation/inflation ground tilt at Aso Volcano","authors":"S. Petrosino, M. Falanga, Teh-Ru Alex Song","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01889-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01889-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42285265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-06DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01880-x
Pablo Rivera, F. Pavón-Carrasco, M. Osete
{"title":"Modeling geomagnetic spikes: the Levantine Iron Age anomaly","authors":"Pablo Rivera, F. Pavón-Carrasco, M. Osete","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01880-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01880-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":" ","pages":"1-16"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48411287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-01DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01887-4
M. Nishimura, A. Nakato, M. Abe, Kana Nagashima, H. Soejima, T. Yada, K. Yogata, Akiko Miyazaki, K. Hatakeda, M. Yoshitake, A. Iwamae, C. Pilorget, R. Brunetto, D. Loizeau, J. Bibring, L. Riu, K. Yumoto, Yuichiro Cho, Y. Yabe, S. Sugita, Motoo Ito, T. Okada, S. Tachibana, T. Usui
{"title":"Ryugu Sample Database System (RS-DBS) on the Data Archives and Transmission System (DARTS) by the JAXA curation","authors":"M. Nishimura, A. Nakato, M. Abe, Kana Nagashima, H. Soejima, T. Yada, K. Yogata, Akiko Miyazaki, K. Hatakeda, M. Yoshitake, A. Iwamae, C. Pilorget, R. Brunetto, D. Loizeau, J. Bibring, L. Riu, K. Yumoto, Yuichiro Cho, Y. Yabe, S. Sugita, Motoo Ito, T. Okada, S. Tachibana, T. Usui","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01887-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01887-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":" ","pages":"1-12"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45123262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-29DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01885-6
S. Tsuno, F. Nagashima, H. Kawase, H. Yamanaka, S. Matsushima
{"title":"Predicted results of weak and strong ground motions at the target site of the blind prediction exercise as steps-2 and -3, Report for the experiments for the 6th international symposium on effects of surface geology on seismic motion","authors":"S. Tsuno, F. Nagashima, H. Kawase, H. Yamanaka, S. Matsushima","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01885-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01885-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":" ","pages":"1-21"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47644116","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-08-28DOI: 10.1186/s40623-023-01882-9
Meng Gong, J. Lv, Xing Zhang, Yong Zheng, Hao Chen, Jun Dong, X. Zha, Zheng Li, Shuzhong Sheng, Tongli Wang
{"title":"High-resolution shallow crustal shear wave velocity structure of Anyuan mining area and its adjacent region in Jiangxi Province, China","authors":"Meng Gong, J. Lv, Xing Zhang, Yong Zheng, Hao Chen, Jun Dong, X. Zha, Zheng Li, Shuzhong Sheng, Tongli Wang","doi":"10.1186/s40623-023-01882-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40623-023-01882-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11409,"journal":{"name":"Earth, Planets and Space","volume":" ","pages":"1-15"},"PeriodicalIF":3.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47255135","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"地球科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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