Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296621
V. Kalyna, S. Stankevych, I. Zabrodina, Lidiia Shubina, M. Chuiko, Oksana Mikheeva, Viktoriia Horiainova, Denys Shapovalenko, L. Obolentseva, Andrii Kariyk
The solution to the problem of developing an oxidation-stable dressing with high nutritional value based on unrefined first cold-pressed linseed, corn and sesame oils is considered. The objects of the study are the following indicators: antioxidant, fatty acid composition, induction period of accelerated oxidation of oils, blends and finished products. The rational range of oilratios in the blend, enriched with a-linolenic acid, stabilized against oxidative spoilage due to natural antioxidants – tocopherols, sesamol, sesamolin, is substantiated. The ratio of linseed, corn and sesame oils is 1:2:1, respectively. The characteristics of the blend are as follows: the ratio of ω-3:ω-6 fatty acids is 1:1.7; the induction period of accelerated oxidation (at 80 °C) – 4.1 h. A model sample of the dressing was produced using the developed blend. It was proven that the sample of the dressing of the proposed composition retains its organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters (titratable acidity, dry matter content, acid and peroxide values of the oil fraction) during 30 days of storage at a temperature of 8±1 °C. A feature of the obtained results is the possibility of increasing the nutritional value of the dressing based on unrefined oils while preserving the extended shelf life of products. From a practical point of view, the development of such products allows expanding the range of competitive dressings with high nutritional value. An applied aspect of using the obtained scientific result is the possibility of modeling the composition of dressings or other oil products based on valuable oil raw materials, depending on the ratios of the oil base components of the product
{"title":"Development of the composition of anoxidation-stable dressing with high nutritional value","authors":"V. Kalyna, S. Stankevych, I. Zabrodina, Lidiia Shubina, M. Chuiko, Oksana Mikheeva, Viktoriia Horiainova, Denys Shapovalenko, L. Obolentseva, Andrii Kariyk","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296621","url":null,"abstract":"The solution to the problem of developing an oxidation-stable dressing with high nutritional value based on unrefined first cold-pressed linseed, corn and sesame oils is considered. The objects of the study are the following indicators: antioxidant, fatty acid composition, induction period of accelerated oxidation of oils, blends and finished products. The rational range of oilratios in the blend, enriched with a-linolenic acid, stabilized against oxidative spoilage due to natural antioxidants – tocopherols, sesamol, sesamolin, is substantiated. The ratio of linseed, corn and sesame oils is 1:2:1, respectively. The characteristics of the blend are as follows: the ratio of ω-3:ω-6 fatty acids is 1:1.7; the induction period of accelerated oxidation (at 80 °C) – 4.1 h. A model sample of the dressing was produced using the developed blend. It was proven that the sample of the dressing of the proposed composition retains its organoleptic and physico-chemical parameters (titratable acidity, dry matter content, acid and peroxide values of the oil fraction) during 30 days of storage at a temperature of 8±1 °C. A feature of the obtained results is the possibility of increasing the nutritional value of the dressing based on unrefined oils while preserving the extended shelf life of products. From a practical point of view, the development of such products allows expanding the range of competitive dressings with high nutritional value. An applied aspect of using the obtained scientific result is the possibility of modeling the composition of dressings or other oil products based on valuable oil raw materials, depending on the ratios of the oil base components of the product","PeriodicalId":11433,"journal":{"name":"Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140418837","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296900
Daniil Maiboroda, O. Danchenko, V. Gryshchenko, Mykola Danchenko
Poultry meat plays a key role as a source of high-quality protein, vitamins, minerals, and unsaturated fatty acids. However, unsaturated fatty acids, especially essential ones, are prone to oxidative reactions during meat storage, which can negatively affect its quality. The object of the study is the technology of obtaining and storing poultry meat. Legart Danish geese were used as the experimental material. Oats (Avena Sativa) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) contain a large number of biologically active substances (minerals, unsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, antioxidants). Adding vegetative parts of oats and alfalfa to the diet of geese contributes to improving the quality of the obtained meat, especially after prolonged low-temperature storage. The geese were slaughtered on the 63rd day. The meat was stored at a temperature of –18 °C for 90 days. It was found that there was an 11.5 % increase in the live weight of the geese at an early slaughter age, an increase in protein content (by 5 %), better moisture-binding capacity (by 6–7.3 %), and a decrease in the content of lipid peroxidation products, especially on the 67th day of storage (28.3 %). There was a significant increase in the content of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (by 24.2 % and 10.8 %, respectively). There was an increase in the content of vitamin E and β-carotene, both before freezing (38.5 % and 19.6 %) and at the end of the storage period (50.9 % and 20 %). A tendency to increase the content of essential amino acids (threonine and methionine) was found. The results can be used in the production of goose meat to improve its nutritional characteristics, which is important for the health of consumers, meat producers, and also in scientific research on the development of technologies in the field of meat production and storage
{"title":"Enhancing the quality and technological properties of goose meat during low-temperature storage through the action of biologically active substances from oats and alfalfa","authors":"Daniil Maiboroda, O. Danchenko, V. Gryshchenko, Mykola Danchenko","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296900","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296900","url":null,"abstract":"Poultry meat plays a key role as a source of high-quality protein, vitamins, minerals, and unsaturated fatty acids. However, unsaturated fatty acids, especially essential ones, are prone to oxidative reactions during meat storage, which can negatively affect its quality. The object of the study is the technology of obtaining and storing poultry meat. Legart Danish geese were used as the experimental material. Oats (Avena Sativa) and alfalfa (Medicago sativa) contain a large number of biologically active substances (minerals, unsaturated fatty acids, amino acids, antioxidants). Adding vegetative parts of oats and alfalfa to the diet of geese contributes to improving the quality of the obtained meat, especially after prolonged low-temperature storage. The geese were slaughtered on the 63rd day. The meat was stored at a temperature of –18 °C for 90 days.\u0000It was found that there was an 11.5 % increase in the live weight of the geese at an early slaughter age, an increase in protein content (by 5 %), better moisture-binding capacity (by 6–7.3 %), and a decrease in the content of lipid peroxidation products, especially on the 67th day of storage (28.3 %). There was a significant increase in the content of ω3 and ω6 polyunsaturated fatty acids (by 24.2 % and 10.8 %, respectively). There was an increase in the content of vitamin E and β-carotene, both before freezing (38.5 % and 19.6 %) and at the end of the storage period (50.9 % and 20 %). A tendency to increase the content of essential amino acids (threonine and methionine) was found. The results can be used in the production of goose meat to improve its nutritional characteristics, which is important for the health of consumers, meat producers, and also in scientific research on the development of technologies in the field of meat production and storage","PeriodicalId":11433,"journal":{"name":"Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296667
Umi Pratiwi, Imam Fadli, W. T. Cahyanto, Hartono Hartono
The Kalman filter algorithm is very important as a recursive algorithm method to optimize sensor output from physical parameter measurement systems, especially physics practicum demonstration systems. One of the distance parameter measurement demonstration systems used in Hooke’s law demonstration system is applied in physics practicum, the system has problems related to fluctuating or unstable sensor output. This research implements the Kalman filter algorithm on the Arduino IDE sketch to reduce noise that appears at the ultrasonic sensor output. The methodology used in this study includes the application of the Kalman filter algorithm to the Arduino IDE sketch with the variable value of the Kalman filter algorithm equation modified with a value of R=10, H=1, and Q=1, and returns the filtered Kalman out value. The Arduino output results are exported to Ms. Excel for further analysis and generate a filtered ultrasonic sensor output signal graph compared without using the Kalman filter. The ultrasonic sensor output noise filtration effectively reduces noise by showing a decrease in the mean squared error (MSE) value and obtaining the best performance of up to 89.23 %. The accuracy of Kalman filter filtration results can be seen from the calculation that the spring constant of filtered metal materials is smaller than the conventional measurement spring constant. Accurate and effective results with the implementation of the Kalman filter algorithm can be developed for the variation values of distance parameters and Kalman filter algorithm variables (R, Q, and H) with other value variations, especially variables that produce filtering curves close to straight lines. It was concluded that the Kalman filter algorithm was able to improve the performance of Hooke’s law prop system
卡尔曼滤波算法作为一种递归算法方法，对于优化物理参数测量系统（尤其是物理实习演示系统）的传感器输出非常重要。胡克定律演示系统中的一个距离参数测量演示系统应用于物理实习，该系统存在传感器输出波动或不稳定的问题。本研究在 Arduino IDE 草图上实施卡尔曼滤波算法，以减少超声波传感器输出出现的噪声。本研究采用的方法包括在 Arduino IDE 草图中应用卡尔曼滤波算法，将卡尔曼滤波算法方程的变量值修改为 R=10、H=1 和 Q=1，并返回滤波后的卡尔曼输出值。Arduino 输出结果被导出到 Excel 进行进一步分析，并生成滤波后的超声波传感器输出信号图，与未使用卡尔曼滤波器时进行比较。超声波传感器输出噪声过滤通过降低均方误差（MSE）值有效地降低了噪声，并获得了高达 89.23 % 的最佳性能。通过计算可以看出，卡尔曼滤波器过滤结果的准确性，过滤后金属材料的弹簧常数小于传统测量的弹簧常数。对于距离参数和卡尔曼滤波算法变量（R、Q 和 H）的变化值与其他值的变化，特别是产生接近直线的滤波曲线的变量的变化值，可以通过实施卡尔曼滤波算法得出准确有效的结果。结论是卡尔曼滤波算法能够改善胡克定律道具系统的性能
{"title":"Implementation of Kalman filter algorithm to optimize the calculation of ultrasonic sensor distance value in Hooke law props system","authors":"Umi Pratiwi, Imam Fadli, W. T. Cahyanto, Hartono Hartono","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296667","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296667","url":null,"abstract":"The Kalman filter algorithm is very important as a recursive algorithm method to optimize sensor output from physical parameter measurement systems, especially physics practicum demonstration systems. One of the distance parameter measurement demonstration systems used in Hooke’s law demonstration system is applied in physics practicum, the system has problems related to fluctuating or unstable sensor output. This research implements the Kalman filter algorithm on the Arduino IDE sketch to reduce noise that appears at the ultrasonic sensor output. The methodology used in this study includes the application of the Kalman filter algorithm to the Arduino IDE sketch with the variable value of the Kalman filter algorithm equation modified with a value of R=10, H=1, and Q=1, and returns the filtered Kalman out value. The Arduino output results are exported to Ms. Excel for further analysis and generate a filtered ultrasonic sensor output signal graph compared without using the Kalman filter. The ultrasonic sensor output noise filtration effectively reduces noise by showing a decrease in the mean squared error (MSE) value and obtaining the best performance of up to 89.23 %. The accuracy of Kalman filter filtration results can be seen from the calculation that the spring constant of filtered metal materials is smaller than the conventional measurement spring constant. Accurate and effective results with the implementation of the Kalman filter algorithm can be developed for the variation values of distance parameters and Kalman filter algorithm variables (R, Q, and H) with other value variations, especially variables that produce filtering curves close to straight lines. It was concluded that the Kalman filter algorithm was able to improve the performance of Hooke’s law prop system","PeriodicalId":11433,"journal":{"name":"Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419584","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296784
T. Triyono, Anton Harseno, N. Muhayat
This study investigated the weld joint mechanical properties and welding fume exposure associated with Gas Metal Arc Welding of aluminum AA5083-H112 in 27 different welding room environment conditions. These conditions consist of variation in temperature, as well as intake and exhaust wind velocities. The temperature varies as 19 °C, 27 °C and 35 °C. Both the intake and exhaust velocity vary as 0 m/s, 3.1 m/s and 5.5 m/s. The experimental findings underscore the pronounced influence of these factors on both weld quality and welder exposure to fumes. Notably, intake wind velocity emerges as the most critical factor, contributing significantly to 47.68 % in weld joint tensile strength. The temperature emerges as the least critical factor with 12.02 % of contribution. However, temperature became the most critical factor on weld joint impact energy with 54.89 % of contribution while exhaust wind velocity became the least with 3.89 %. Air quality monitoring highlights the importance of optimal intake and exhaust fan configuration to effectively reduce fume exposure. All examined welding room environment condition are deemed safe for the welder, as they do not exceed the Treshold Limit Value (TLV), except the condition where the welding room lacks of air circulation in intake and exhaust wind velocity of 0 m/s. The identified optimal welding room condition exerts a temperature of 27 °C, intake and exhaust wind velocity of 0 m/s and 3.1 m/s respectively. This condition not only achieves established weld quality standards but also ensures compliance with fume exposure regulation. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing welding room environment to simultaneously maintain weld quality and safeguard the well-being of welders
{"title":"Welding room development for simultaneous improvement of welder health and weld quality of gas metals arc welded aluminum AA5083-H112","authors":"T. Triyono, Anton Harseno, N. Muhayat","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296784","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296784","url":null,"abstract":"This study investigated the weld joint mechanical properties and welding fume exposure associated with Gas Metal Arc Welding of aluminum AA5083-H112 in 27 different welding room environment conditions. These conditions consist of variation in temperature, as well as intake and exhaust wind velocities. The temperature varies as 19 °C, 27 °C and 35 °C. Both the intake and exhaust velocity vary as 0 m/s, 3.1 m/s and 5.5 m/s. The experimental findings underscore the pronounced influence of these factors on both weld quality and welder exposure to fumes. Notably, intake wind velocity emerges as the most critical factor, contributing significantly to 47.68 % in weld joint tensile strength. The temperature emerges as the least critical factor with 12.02 % of contribution. However, temperature became the most critical factor on weld joint impact energy with 54.89 % of contribution while exhaust wind velocity became the least with 3.89 %. Air quality monitoring highlights the importance of optimal intake and exhaust fan configuration to effectively reduce fume exposure. All examined welding room environment condition are deemed safe for the welder, as they do not exceed the Treshold Limit Value (TLV), except the condition where the welding room lacks of air circulation in intake and exhaust wind velocity of 0 m/s. The identified optimal welding room condition exerts a temperature of 27 °C, intake and exhaust wind velocity of 0 m/s and 3.1 m/s respectively. This condition not only achieves established weld quality standards but also ensures compliance with fume exposure regulation. This research provides valuable insights for optimizing welding room environment to simultaneously maintain weld quality and safeguard the well-being of welders","PeriodicalId":11433,"journal":{"name":"Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140418417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.299001
B. Pospelov, E. Rybka, O. Krainiukov, Vasyl Fedyna, Yuliia Bezuhla, Andrii Melnychenko, Pavlo Borodych, S. Hryshko, Svyatoslav Manzhura, O. Yesipova
The object of the study is the selective dispersion of dangerous parameters of the gas environment during material fires. The practical importance of research consists in using the difference of sample dispersions of dangerous parameters of the gas environment on the intervals of absence and presence of ignition of materials for detection of ignition. The theoretical substantiation of the method of detecting fires in premises based on sample dispersions of current measurements of an arbitrary dangerous parameter of the gas environment, corresponding to the general populations of reliable absence and presence of fire, has been carried out. The method, at a given level of significance, determines the unbiased uniformly most powerful fire detection rule. This makes it possible to determine how much differences in sample variances are significant with a given level of significance and are caused by ignition or are random factors. Laboratory experiments were conducted to verify the proposed method. It was established that the influence of ignition on the value of the difference in the sample dispersion at the corresponding intervals of monitoring the carbon monoxide concentration, smoke density, and temperature of the gaseous environment of the laboratory chamber is different and depends on the type of ignition material. At the same time, the minimum difference of the sample dispersions is characteristic for observing the smoke density for all the studied materials. However, early detection of ignition of alcohol, paper, wood, and textiles when observing the smoke density is carried out when the threshold is exceeded by 9.01, 5.31, 2.13 and 2.55 times, respectively. It is shown that the method of early detection of fires, which is based on the detection of significant differences in sample dispersions of data from the relevant general populations
{"title":"Method for early ignition detection based on the sampling dispersion of dangerous parameter","authors":"B. Pospelov, E. Rybka, O. Krainiukov, Vasyl Fedyna, Yuliia Bezuhla, Andrii Melnychenko, Pavlo Borodych, S. Hryshko, Svyatoslav Manzhura, O. Yesipova","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2024.299001","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.299001","url":null,"abstract":"The object of the study is the selective dispersion of dangerous parameters of the gas environment during material fires. The practical importance of research consists in using the difference of sample dispersions of dangerous parameters of the gas environment on the intervals of absence and presence of ignition of materials for detection of ignition. The theoretical substantiation of the method of detecting fires in premises based on sample dispersions of current measurements of an arbitrary dangerous parameter of the gas environment, corresponding to the general populations of reliable absence and presence of fire, has been carried out. The method, at a given level of significance, determines the unbiased uniformly most powerful fire detection rule. This makes it possible to determine how much differences in sample variances are significant with a given level of significance and are caused by ignition or are random factors. Laboratory experiments were conducted to verify the proposed method. It was established that the influence of ignition on the value of the difference in the sample dispersion at the corresponding intervals of monitoring the carbon monoxide concentration, smoke density, and temperature of the gaseous environment of the laboratory chamber is different and depends on the type of ignition material. At the same time, the minimum difference of the sample dispersions is characteristic for observing the smoke density for all the studied materials. However, early detection of ignition of alcohol, paper, wood, and textiles when observing the smoke density is carried out when the threshold is exceeded by 9.01, 5.31, 2.13 and 2.55 times, respectively. It is shown that the method of early detection of fires, which is based on the detection of significant differences in sample dispersions of data from the relevant general populations","PeriodicalId":11433,"journal":{"name":"Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419699","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.297717
A. Babichenko, I. Krasnikov, J. Babichenko, V. Panasenko, Dmytro Snurnikov, Oleksii Shutynskyi
The object of research is the equipment and technological design of absorption refrigeration units (ARUs) for the technological system of secondary condensation of large-scale ammonia production. Improving the energy efficiency of ARU is an urgent problem in the general process of reducing operating costs for natural gas in these industries as a whole. Based on the results of analytical studies, the feasibility of combining absorption-refrigeration and vapor-ejector cycles was substantiated, which ensures a decrease in the boiling temperature of a weak water-ammonia solution in the cube of the generator-rectifier and an increase in the condensation pressure in the ARU cycle. Under such circumstances, it becomes possible to increase the concentration of the refrigerant due to the rectification of steam with a part of the liquid refrigerant without using a pump with the removal of the dephlegmator from the ARU circuit. Experimental studies and material-thermal calculations of ARU cycles were carried out to determine the basis of comparison and the proposed version of the ARU scheme. It has been proven that the new technological design of ARU provides an increase in cooling capacity from 3.22 MW to 3.6 MW (by 12 %), the thermal coefficient from 0.527 to 0.551 (by 4.6 %), a decrease in the circulation ratio from 7.77 to 7.1 (by 8 %), and a decrease in the secondary condensation temperature by 2.5 ℃. It is shown that for the proposed version of the technological design of ARU, there is a change in specific costs – an increase in electricity by 1.48 kWh/t NH3 and a decrease in natural gas by 0.41 nm3/t NH3. Taking into account existing cost indicators for natural gas and electricity, the application of the proposed technology ensures a decrease in annual operating costs by UAH 7 million (USD 185,000), and therefore an increase in the economy of ammonia production as a whole
研究对象是用于大规模合成氨生产二次冷凝技术系统的吸收式制冷机组（ARU）的设备和技术设计。根据分析研究的结果，证明了吸收制冷和蒸汽喷射器循环相结合的可行性，这确保了发生器-整流器立方体中弱水-氨溶液沸腾温度的降低和吸收制冷装置循环中冷凝压力的增加。在这种情况下，由于蒸汽与部分液态制冷剂的整流作用，可以在不使用泵的情况下提高制冷剂的浓度，同时将除痰器从 ARU 循环中移除。为了确定 ARU 方案的比较基础和拟议版本，对 ARU 循环进行了实验研究和材料热计算。实验证明，ARU 的新技术设计可将冷却能力从 3.22 MW 提高到 3.6 MW（提高 12%），将热系数从 0.527 提高到 0.551（提高 4.6%），将循环比从 7.77 降低到 7.1（降低 8%），并将热量系数从 0.527 提高到 0.551（提高 4.6%）。据显示，对于 ARU 的拟议技术设计版本，具体成本发生了变化--电费增加了 1.48 kWh/t NH3，天然气费用减少了 0.41 nm3/t NH3。考虑到现有的天然气和电力成本指标，采用建议的技术可确保每年减少 700 万乌吉亚（18.5 万美元）的运营成本，从而提高整个合成氨生产的经济性。
{"title":"Designing energy-efficient hardware and technological structure of absorption refrigeration units for ammonia production","authors":"A. Babichenko, I. Krasnikov, J. Babichenko, V. Panasenko, Dmytro Snurnikov, Oleksii Shutynskyi","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2024.297717","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.297717","url":null,"abstract":"The object of research is the equipment and technological design of absorption refrigeration units (ARUs) for the technological system of secondary condensation of large-scale ammonia production. Improving the energy efficiency of ARU is an urgent problem in the general process of reducing operating costs for natural gas in these industries as a whole.\u0000Based on the results of analytical studies, the feasibility of combining absorption-refrigeration and vapor-ejector cycles was substantiated, which ensures a decrease in the boiling temperature of a weak water-ammonia solution in the cube of the generator-rectifier and an increase in the condensation pressure in the ARU cycle. Under such circumstances, it becomes possible to increase the concentration of the refrigerant due to the rectification of steam with a part of the liquid refrigerant without using a pump with the removal of the dephlegmator from the ARU circuit.\u0000Experimental studies and material-thermal calculations of ARU cycles were carried out to determine the basis of comparison and the proposed version of the ARU scheme. It has been proven that the new technological design of ARU provides an increase in cooling capacity from 3.22 MW to 3.6 MW (by 12 %), the thermal coefficient from 0.527 to 0.551 (by 4.6 %), a decrease in the circulation ratio from 7.77 to 7.1 (by 8 %), and a decrease in the secondary condensation temperature by 2.5 ℃.\u0000It is shown that for the proposed version of the technological design of ARU, there is a change in specific costs – an increase in electricity by 1.48 kWh/t NH3 and a decrease in natural gas by 0.41 nm3/t NH3. Taking into account existing cost indicators for natural gas and electricity, the application of the proposed technology ensures a decrease in annual operating costs by UAH 7 million (USD 185,000), and therefore an increase in the economy of ammonia production as a whole","PeriodicalId":11433,"journal":{"name":"Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140420274","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.297619
V. Shcherban’, Hanna Korohod, Oksana Kolysko, Anton Kyrychenko, Y. Shcherban’, Ganna Shchutska
The object of research is the process of temperature measurement with a platinum thermistor. We have conducted studies on the cubic transformation function of the thermistor when using redundancy that yielded the equation of redundant measurements of the desired temperature. Owing to this, it became possible to directly apply the resulting equation without additional measures to linearize the function of the thermistor transformation. In addition, the obtained value of the desired temperature does not depend on the values of the parameters of the cubic transformation function and their deviations from the nominal values. Experimental studies have proven that the value of the normalized temperature T0 has a greater influence on the result of redundant measurements and the value of the normalized temperature DT on the entire range of measured temperatures Tx is almost unaffected. The best accuracy results (value of relative error δ=0.02 %) were obtained at T0 values lower than –60 °C. When the error of reproduction of normalized temperatures increased from ±0.02 °C to ±0.1 °C, the best accuracy results (value of relative error δ=0.06 %) were obtained at values of normalized temperature T0 below –130 °C. Analysis of results of the absolute error DT revealed that with an error of reproduction of normalized temperatures of ±0.02 °C and at T0=–180 °C, its value does not exceed 0.02 °C, that is, it is within the error of reproduction of normalized temperatures. This allows us to state that it is recommended to use sources of standardized temperatures of high accuracy during measurement control. Thus, there are reasons to assert the prospect for redundant measurements when directly measuring temperature with a thermistor with a cubic transformation function with high accuracy
研究对象是使用铂热敏电阻测量温度的过程。我们对热敏电阻使用冗余时的立方变换函数进行了研究，得出了所需温度的冗余测量方程。因此，我们可以直接应用所得到的方程，而无需采取额外措施使热敏电阻转换函数线性化。此外，所获得的预期温度值并不取决于立方变换函数的参数值及其与标称值的偏差。实验研究证明，归一化温度 T0 的值对冗余测量结果的影响较大，而归一化温度 DT 的值对整个测量温度范围 Tx 几乎没有影响。在温度 T0 值低于 -60 °C 时获得了最佳精度结果（相对误差 δ=0.02 %）。当归一化温度的再现误差从 ±0.02 °C 增加到 ±0.1 °C 时，最佳精度结果（相对误差 δ=0.06 %）出现在归一化温度 T0 值低于 -130 °C 时。对绝对误差 DT 结果的分析表明，在归一化温度 T0=-180 °C 时，归一化温度的再现误差为 ±0.02 °C，其值不超过 0.02 °C，即在归一化温度的再现误差范围内。因此，我们有理由断言，在使用具有高精度立方变换函数的热敏电阻直接测量温度时，存在冗余测量的可能性。
{"title":"Determining features in the application of redundancy for the thermistor cubic transformation function using computer simulation","authors":"V. Shcherban’, Hanna Korohod, Oksana Kolysko, Anton Kyrychenko, Y. Shcherban’, Ganna Shchutska","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2024.297619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.297619","url":null,"abstract":"The object of research is the process of temperature measurement with a platinum thermistor. We have conducted studies on the cubic transformation function of the thermistor when using redundancy that yielded the equation of redundant measurements of the desired temperature. Owing to this, it became possible to directly apply the resulting equation without additional measures to linearize the function of the thermistor transformation. In addition, the obtained value of the desired temperature does not depend on the values of the parameters of the cubic transformation function and their deviations from the nominal values. Experimental studies have proven that the value of the normalized temperature T0 has a greater influence on the result of redundant measurements and the value of the normalized temperature DT on the entire range of measured temperatures Tx is almost unaffected. The best accuracy results (value of relative error δ=0.02 %) were obtained at T0 values lower than –60 °C. When the error of reproduction of normalized temperatures increased from ±0.02 °C to ±0.1 °C, the best accuracy results (value of relative error δ=0.06 %) were obtained at values of normalized temperature T0 below –130 °C. Analysis of results of the absolute error DT revealed that with an error of reproduction of normalized temperatures of ±0.02 °C and at T0=–180 °C, its value does not exceed 0.02 °C, that is, it is within the error of reproduction of normalized temperatures. This allows us to state that it is recommended to use sources of standardized temperatures of high accuracy during measurement control.\u0000Thus, there are reasons to assert the prospect for redundant measurements when directly measuring temperature with a thermistor with a cubic transformation function with high accuracy","PeriodicalId":11433,"journal":{"name":"Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140420445","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296622
Anatolii Ranskiy, Olha Sandul, O. Gordienko, N. Didenko, T. Titov
The object of this research is the integrated processing of industrial waste from various industries, which makes it possible to reduce the use of material and energy resources and improve the ecological state of the environment. Waste from the chemical, petrochemical, and machine-building industries was subject to integrated technological processing. The common link that united the investigated complex technological cycles was the use of a regenerated mixed sorbent (activated carbon+kieselguhr), on the surface of which topochemical transformations of chemicals that were part of industrial waste took place. Using a regenerated mixed sorbent, exhausted industrial oil which was the mineral basis of the developed new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants was purified. In particular, we have established the conditions for obtaining diethyl ammonium chloride from unusable pesticides of the formula R1R2R3R4C6HCOOH∙HN(C2H5)2, whose topochemical interaction on the surface of the mixed sorbent leads to the formation of a sorbed fragment [sorbent (activated carbon+kieselguhr)]∙[(C2H5)2NC(=S)SK]. Subsequent interaction of aqueous solutions containing copper(II) ions with such a fragment leads to the formation of bis–(diethyldithiocarbamate)copper(II) on the surface of mixed sorbent. The resulting substances of the general composition [sorbent (activated carbon + kieselguhr)]∙{[(С2H5)2NC(=S)S]2Cu} were studied as thickeners and active polyfunctional components of the obtained plastic lubricants. Research into the tribological properties of new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants showed their high anti-wear and heat-resistant properties and the possibility of effective use in highly loaded friction nodes
{"title":"Development of new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants based on products from industrial waste integrated processing","authors":"Anatolii Ranskiy, Olha Sandul, O. Gordienko, N. Didenko, T. Titov","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.296622","url":null,"abstract":"The object of this research is the integrated processing of industrial waste from various industries, which makes it possible to reduce the use of material and energy resources and improve the ecological state of the environment. Waste from the chemical, petrochemical, and machine-building industries was subject to integrated technological processing.\u0000The common link that united the investigated complex technological cycles was the use of a regenerated mixed sorbent (activated carbon+kieselguhr), on the surface of which topochemical transformations of chemicals that were part of industrial waste took place. Using a regenerated mixed sorbent, exhausted industrial oil which was the mineral basis of the developed new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants was purified. In particular, we have established the conditions for obtaining diethyl ammonium chloride from unusable pesticides of the formula R1R2R3R4C6HCOOH∙HN(C2H5)2, whose topochemical interaction on the surface of the mixed sorbent leads to the formation of a sorbed fragment [sorbent (activated carbon+kieselguhr)]∙[(C2H5)2NC(=S)SK]. Subsequent interaction of aqueous solutions containing copper(II) ions with such a fragment leads to the formation of bis–(diethyldithiocarbamate)copper(II) on the surface of mixed sorbent. The resulting substances of the general composition [sorbent (activated carbon + kieselguhr)]∙{[(С2H5)2NC(=S)S]2Cu} were studied as thickeners and active polyfunctional components of the obtained plastic lubricants. Research into the tribological properties of new C, S, N-containing plastic lubricants showed their high anti-wear and heat-resistant properties and the possibility of effective use in highly loaded friction nodes","PeriodicalId":11433,"journal":{"name":"Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140422959","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.299128
S. Issenov, Pyotr Antipov, Marat Koshumbayev, Dauren Issabekov
The object of research is a wind generator with counter-rotating blades. A special feature of this design is the presence of two wind wheels that rotate in opposite directions. Wind wheels are on the same axis, between them there is a certain distance, which is determined based on research data. The problem of modern wind power is the low range of operating wind speeds, weak generation at low wind speeds. The upper speed limit is 25 m/s, exceeding which leads to breakdowns of various units of the wind station, especially this affects the integrity of the blades, rupture of the wind wheel, cracking of the metal parts of the bearings and their fasteners. The wind turbine presented in the article allows to achieve an increase in the generation of electric energy by 50–70 %. This is achieved by increasing the relative rotational speed of the rotor relative to the stator. Therefore, even at low speeds, the rotor speed relative to the stator increases, which leads to an increase in power generation. The design of the device includes: two wind wheels, one transmits its rotation to the stator, the second to the rotor axis, a metal base, a current collector mechanism. For conducting the research, an experimental model and a semi-industrial installation were used. Results studies have confirmed the theoretical increase in the generation of electrical energy by this design. The peculiarity of the obtained results is connected with the determination of the distance between two wind wheels, the optimal distance between them corresponds to the maximum energy generation. A distinctive feature of the results obtained can be considered an increase in the number of blades on the second wind wheel
{"title":"Development of a wind turbine with two multidirectional wind wheels","authors":"S. Issenov, Pyotr Antipov, Marat Koshumbayev, Dauren Issabekov","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2024.299128","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.299128","url":null,"abstract":"The object of research is a wind generator with counter-rotating blades. A special feature of this design is the presence of two wind wheels that rotate in opposite directions. Wind wheels are on the same axis, between them there is a certain distance, which is determined based on research data. The problem of modern wind power is the low range of operating wind speeds, weak generation at low wind speeds. The upper speed limit is 25 m/s, exceeding which leads to breakdowns of various units of the wind station, especially this affects the integrity of the blades, rupture of the wind wheel, cracking of the metal parts of the bearings and their fasteners. The wind turbine presented in the article allows to achieve an increase in the generation of electric energy by 50–70 %. This is achieved by increasing the relative rotational speed of the rotor relative to the stator. Therefore, even at low speeds, the rotor speed relative to the stator increases, which leads to an increase in power generation. The design of the device includes: two wind wheels, one transmits its rotation to the stator, the second to the rotor axis, a metal base, a current collector mechanism. For conducting the research, an experimental model and a semi-industrial installation were used. Results studies have confirmed the theoretical increase in the generation of electrical energy by this design. The peculiarity of the obtained results is connected with the determination of the distance between two wind wheels, the optimal distance between them corresponds to the maximum energy generation. A distinctive feature of the results obtained can be considered an increase in the number of blades on the second wind wheel","PeriodicalId":11433,"journal":{"name":"Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140419841","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-02-28DOI: 10.15587/1729-4061.2024.299032
O. Davydiuk, H. Ivanova, Olena Sivash, Kateryna Lisohorova, Maxim Sharenko, H. Klierini
The object of this study is the essence and directions of improvement of the normative construction of the concept of technology, which is used within the framework of legal regulation of financial support of the innovation process and technology transfer within the framework of the law of the European Union. In the course of summarizing and studying the existing regulations, it was established that they are not unified and differ significantly. This does not meet the needs of participants in the innovation process and subjects of technology transfer. It has been proven that the most negative impact of the disparity of legal regulation occurs during the implementation of means of financial support for innovative processes. The expediency of improving the existing concept of technology definition by fixing its single generalized definition has been substantiated. Authentic definition of technology is proposed as information of an organizational and technical nature about the sequence of production operations, which can be expressed in the form of the results of scientific research, research and design works, a system of objects of intellectual property rights, information of an organizational and technical nature, technological documentation, equipment, tools, machines, and mechanisms. It was substantiated that this definition makes it possible to eliminate most of the identified problems and is formed on the basis of the existing needs of the participants of technology transfer. The study is aimed at the formation of general theoretical foundations for improving the essence of technology for the purposes of legal support for financial support of innovation processes and technology transfer in the European Union. The research results could be used in the formation of international normative acts, acts of national legislation, and serve as a basis for further scientific research on these issues
{"title":"Directions for improving the concept of technology for the purpose of financial support for their transfer within the European Union","authors":"O. Davydiuk, H. Ivanova, Olena Sivash, Kateryna Lisohorova, Maxim Sharenko, H. Klierini","doi":"10.15587/1729-4061.2024.299032","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.15587/1729-4061.2024.299032","url":null,"abstract":"The object of this study is the essence and directions of improvement of the normative construction of the concept of technology, which is used within the framework of legal regulation of financial support of the innovation process and technology transfer within the framework of the law of the European Union. In the course of summarizing and studying the existing regulations, it was established that they are not unified and differ significantly. This does not meet the needs of participants in the innovation process and subjects of technology transfer. It has been proven that the most negative impact of the disparity of legal regulation occurs during the implementation of means of financial support for innovative processes. The expediency of improving the existing concept of technology definition by fixing its single generalized definition has been substantiated. Authentic definition of technology is proposed as information of an organizational and technical nature about the sequence of production operations, which can be expressed in the form of the results of scientific research, research and design works, a system of objects of intellectual property rights, information of an organizational and technical nature, technological documentation, equipment, tools, machines, and mechanisms. It was substantiated that this definition makes it possible to eliminate most of the identified problems and is formed on the basis of the existing needs of the participants of technology transfer.\u0000The study is aimed at the formation of general theoretical foundations for improving the essence of technology for the purposes of legal support for financial support of innovation processes and technology transfer in the European Union. The research results could be used in the formation of international normative acts, acts of national legislation, and serve as a basis for further scientific research on these issues","PeriodicalId":11433,"journal":{"name":"Eastern-European Journal of Enterprise Technologies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-02-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140420223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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