Pub Date : 2023-11-28DOI: 10.1080/2314808X.2023.2283268
Ahmed Z. I. Shehata, Esraa A. Elhawary, Mostafa M. Mokhtar, Hassan O. Waheeb, Mohamed Fares, D. E. Emam, Nader A. Bakr, Ahmed M. Sadek, Mohamed A. M. El-Tabakh
ABSTRACT The common housefly (Musca domestica) is widely recognized as a significant pest and can transmit many pathogens. The habitual use of chemical insecticides against housefly has led to detrimental effects on humans, non-target species, and environment. Therefore, there is an urgent demand for new, sustainable alternatives of housefly control. This research investigates the effects of different extracts from common pear (Pyrus communis) leaves on M. domestica larvae, and lifecycle progression. Musca domestica was identified through DNA barcoding, and a sequernce for the COX1 gene was submitted to NCBI gene bank, with accession number of OQ363313. Results showed that extracts from P. communis leaves were lethal to the larvae at 650 and 150 ppm, respectively, with the n-hexane extract proving to be more efficacious. Also, tested extracts prolonged developmental stages of both larvae and pupae. Females emerged from treated larvae laid fewer eggs. A molecular docking was performed to examine the interactions between extract’s molecules and a crucial protein in M. domestica, Ls-AChBP (PDB ID: 2zju). Five compounds were identified as particularly effective: Tetratetracontane, Octacosyl acetate, Hexatriacontane, Eicosyl heptafluorobutyrate, and Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. The results indicate that these pear leaf extracts hold promise as alternative agents for managing M. domestica populations.
{"title":"Molecular docking and insecticidal activity of Pyrus communis L. extracts against disease vector, Musca domestica L. (Diptera: muscidae)","authors":"Ahmed Z. I. Shehata, Esraa A. Elhawary, Mostafa M. Mokhtar, Hassan O. Waheeb, Mohamed Fares, D. E. Emam, Nader A. Bakr, Ahmed M. Sadek, Mohamed A. M. El-Tabakh","doi":"10.1080/2314808X.2023.2283268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808X.2023.2283268","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT The common housefly (Musca domestica) is widely recognized as a significant pest and can transmit many pathogens. The habitual use of chemical insecticides against housefly has led to detrimental effects on humans, non-target species, and environment. Therefore, there is an urgent demand for new, sustainable alternatives of housefly control. This research investigates the effects of different extracts from common pear (Pyrus communis) leaves on M. domestica larvae, and lifecycle progression. Musca domestica was identified through DNA barcoding, and a sequernce for the COX1 gene was submitted to NCBI gene bank, with accession number of OQ363313. Results showed that extracts from P. communis leaves were lethal to the larvae at 650 and 150 ppm, respectively, with the n-hexane extract proving to be more efficacious. Also, tested extracts prolonged developmental stages of both larvae and pupae. Females emerged from treated larvae laid fewer eggs. A molecular docking was performed to examine the interactions between extract’s molecules and a crucial protein in M. domestica, Ls-AChBP (PDB ID: 2zju). Five compounds were identified as particularly effective: Tetratetracontane, Octacosyl acetate, Hexatriacontane, Eicosyl heptafluorobutyrate, and Bis (2-ethylhexyl) phthalate. The results indicate that these pear leaf extracts hold promise as alternative agents for managing M. domestica populations.","PeriodicalId":11512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"19 1","pages":"800 - 811"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139216674","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.1080/2314808X.2023.2281043
Shimaa N. El-Sayed, Abdelsamed I. Elshamy, A. H. Farrag, Rania A. Ahmed, Aida A. Hussein
ABSTRACT This work aimed to perform a biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical assessment of the influence of sodium fluoride on the adrenal gland of rats and the possible ameliorating role of Dactyloctenium aegyptium (D. aegyptium). Thirty-five male albino rats were divided into five equal groups: group I served as the control group, group II received sodium fluoride (5 mg/kg), group III received D. aegyptium (200 mg/kg), and groups IV and V received sodium fluoride and D. aegyptium (100 and 200 mg/kg respectively) simultaneously for 28 days. Aldosterone, corticosterone, nitric oxide, sodium, potassium, and chloride were measured in serum samples. Adrenal gland specimens were processed for histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical studies. The sodium fluoride group recorded a significant reduction in serum levels of aldosterone, corticosterone, potassium, and chloride (p ≤ 0.0001) and a significant increase in nitric oxide (p ≤ 0.0001) and serum sodium (p = 0.0076) when compared with the control group. Histological changes in the sodium fluoride treated group showed cytoplasmic vacuolation, scattered apoptotic cells, and hemorrhage. The sodium fluoride treatment significantly decreased glycogen (p = 0.0002), total protein) p = 0.0007), and DNA (p ≤ 0.0001) and increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (p = 0.0001). Co-treated groups with D. aegyptium showed almost average values for most parameters and a nearly standard architecture. The present data answers the question of our research that D. aegyptium ethanolic extract could protect against sodium fluoride’s adverse effects in rat adrenal glands on the physiological and histological levels.
{"title":"Does Dactyloctenium aegyptium ethanolic extract protect against hormonal, histological and immunohistochemical alterations induced by sodium fluoride in rat adrenal gland?","authors":"Shimaa N. El-Sayed, Abdelsamed I. Elshamy, A. H. Farrag, Rania A. Ahmed, Aida A. Hussein","doi":"10.1080/2314808X.2023.2281043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808X.2023.2281043","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACT This work aimed to perform a biochemical, histological, and immunohistochemical assessment of the influence of sodium fluoride on the adrenal gland of rats and the possible ameliorating role of Dactyloctenium aegyptium (D. aegyptium). Thirty-five male albino rats were divided into five equal groups: group I served as the control group, group II received sodium fluoride (5 mg/kg), group III received D. aegyptium (200 mg/kg), and groups IV and V received sodium fluoride and D. aegyptium (100 and 200 mg/kg respectively) simultaneously for 28 days. Aldosterone, corticosterone, nitric oxide, sodium, potassium, and chloride were measured in serum samples. Adrenal gland specimens were processed for histological, histochemical, and immunohistochemical studies. The sodium fluoride group recorded a significant reduction in serum levels of aldosterone, corticosterone, potassium, and chloride (p ≤ 0.0001) and a significant increase in nitric oxide (p ≤ 0.0001) and serum sodium (p = 0.0076) when compared with the control group. Histological changes in the sodium fluoride treated group showed cytoplasmic vacuolation, scattered apoptotic cells, and hemorrhage. The sodium fluoride treatment significantly decreased glycogen (p = 0.0002), total protein) p = 0.0007), and DNA (p ≤ 0.0001) and increased inducible nitric oxide synthase (p = 0.0001). Co-treated groups with D. aegyptium showed almost average values for most parameters and a nearly standard architecture. The present data answers the question of our research that D. aegyptium ethanolic extract could protect against sodium fluoride’s adverse effects in rat adrenal glands on the physiological and histological levels.","PeriodicalId":11512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"784 - 799"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139232016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-03DOI: 10.1080/2314808x.2023.2272389
Manal A. El-Shal, Samia Haroun, Nanis Gamal Allam, Reda Shehata, Mohammed Yosri, Mahmoud M. Elaasser, Gamal Abdel-Fattah
Probiotics are beneficial for certain illnesses, and a variety of clinical studies have reported remarkable effects in the cutaneous system. The objective of current study was to test the antimicrobial impact of Lactobacillus plantarum-ATCC8014 filtrate and lyophilized cells on various pathogenic bacterial strains isolated from skin. The filtrate and lyophilized cell solution of L. plantarum-ATCC8014 showed various impacts on isolated bacteria from the skin. L. plantarum-ATCC8014 filtrate has the highest inhibition zones versus all tested bacteria compared to lyophilized cell solution, whereas it showed the highest action toward S. aureus which had been selected to induce infection, as well as comparing the anti-inflammatory impact of both forms. Five animal groups were tested after the induction of a Staphylococcus aureus wound infection model and monitored for comparative evaluation of the beneficial impact of L. plantarum-prepared forms in the healing process. L. plantarum filtrate has higher antibacterial action compared to lyophilized cells as well as an anti-inflammatory value of 12.7 ± 2.1 µg/ml. Furthermore, L. plantarum filtrate accelerates wound healing, which is indirectly related to animals’ body weight. Microbiological counting of bacterial load in skin and internal organs, including the liver and spleen, revealed that treatment with L. plantarum filtrate led to a notable reduction in bacterial load and prevented its dissemination. Histological examination confirmed the impact of the prepared filter in controlling scars and normalized mast cells, which regulate inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines and oxidative enzyme testing in all groups reflected the protective roles of L. plantarum filtrate with minimal burden on body functions.
{"title":"Does <i>Lactobacillus plantarum-</i> ATCC8014 alleviate inflammation? <i>In vitro</i> and <i>in vivo</i> appraisal","authors":"Manal A. El-Shal, Samia Haroun, Nanis Gamal Allam, Reda Shehata, Mohammed Yosri, Mahmoud M. Elaasser, Gamal Abdel-Fattah","doi":"10.1080/2314808x.2023.2272389","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808x.2023.2272389","url":null,"abstract":"Probiotics are beneficial for certain illnesses, and a variety of clinical studies have reported remarkable effects in the cutaneous system. The objective of current study was to test the antimicrobial impact of Lactobacillus plantarum-ATCC8014 filtrate and lyophilized cells on various pathogenic bacterial strains isolated from skin. The filtrate and lyophilized cell solution of L. plantarum-ATCC8014 showed various impacts on isolated bacteria from the skin. L. plantarum-ATCC8014 filtrate has the highest inhibition zones versus all tested bacteria compared to lyophilized cell solution, whereas it showed the highest action toward S. aureus which had been selected to induce infection, as well as comparing the anti-inflammatory impact of both forms. Five animal groups were tested after the induction of a Staphylococcus aureus wound infection model and monitored for comparative evaluation of the beneficial impact of L. plantarum-prepared forms in the healing process. L. plantarum filtrate has higher antibacterial action compared to lyophilized cells as well as an anti-inflammatory value of 12.7 ± 2.1 µg/ml. Furthermore, L. plantarum filtrate accelerates wound healing, which is indirectly related to animals’ body weight. Microbiological counting of bacterial load in skin and internal organs, including the liver and spleen, revealed that treatment with L. plantarum filtrate led to a notable reduction in bacterial load and prevented its dissemination. Histological examination confirmed the impact of the prepared filter in controlling scars and normalized mast cells, which regulate inflammation. Inflammatory cytokines and oxidative enzyme testing in all groups reflected the protective roles of L. plantarum filtrate with minimal burden on body functions.","PeriodicalId":11512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"43 19","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135820347","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Computational examination to reveal Kaempferol as the most potent active compound from <i>Euphorbia hirta</i> against breast cancer by targeting AKT1 and ERα","authors":"Muhammad Hermawan Widyananda, Fatchiyah Fatchiyah, Lailil Muflikhah, Siti Mariyah Ulfa, Nashi Widodo","doi":"10.1080/2314808x.2023.2272385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808x.2023.2272385","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"14 29","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135870703","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-27DOI: 10.1080/2314808x.2023.2252233
Nadia El Menshawy, Mohamed S. El-Goneimy, Hyam Fathi, Maha Saif, Heba Hashem
Adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is challengeable disease with poor heterogeneous outcome. Refining risk stratification is important for decision making and tailoring of therapy, multimerin-1(MMRN1) has been identified as a differentially expressed gene (DEG) in various cancers and it has been proposed as a possible cancer biomarker so, we aim to address prognostic value of Multimerin-1 in adult AML. This study was conducted on 240 AML, 40 healthy control, Taq man gene expression by RT PCR. Higher expression of Multimerin-1 was significant associated with failure of complete remission, relapse, short survival, highly significant association with minimal residual disease (MRD) positivity, molecular FLT3 (p 0.004, p.008) unfavorable cytogenetic (0.013). Cut off > 2.38 shows significantly short Overall Survival (OS), Disease-Free Survival (DFS). Finally, it could be independent poor risk for short survival; relapse thus may help in refine AML risk-stratification and tailoring therapy toward personalized medicine.
成人急性髓性白血病(AML)是一种异质性较差的疾病。细化风险分层对于决策和治疗的定制非常重要，多聚蛋白-1(MMRN1)已被确定为多种癌症中的差异表达基因(DEG)，并已被提出作为一种可能的癌症生物标志物，因此，我们的目标是解决多聚蛋白-1在成人AML中的预后价值。本研究采用RT - PCR方法对240例AML患者和40例健康对照者进行Taq man基因的表达。多聚蛋白-1的高表达与完全缓解失败、复发、短生存期显著相关，与最小残留病(MRD)阳性、分子FLT3 (p 0.004, p 0.008)不利的细胞遗传学(p 0.013)高度显著相关。Cut off > 2.38表示总生存期(OS)、无病生存期(DFS)明显缩短。最后，它可能是短期生存的独立低风险;因此，复发可能有助于改进AML风险分层和个性化治疗。
{"title":"Implications of Multimerin-1 (MMRN-1) expression in adult de novo acute myeloid leukemia: a preliminary study in Delta Egypt","authors":"Nadia El Menshawy, Mohamed S. El-Goneimy, Hyam Fathi, Maha Saif, Heba Hashem","doi":"10.1080/2314808x.2023.2252233","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808x.2023.2252233","url":null,"abstract":"Adult acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is challengeable disease with poor heterogeneous outcome. Refining risk stratification is important for decision making and tailoring of therapy, multimerin-1(MMRN1) has been identified as a differentially expressed gene (DEG) in various cancers and it has been proposed as a possible cancer biomarker so, we aim to address prognostic value of Multimerin-1 in adult AML. This study was conducted on 240 AML, 40 healthy control, Taq man gene expression by RT PCR. Higher expression of Multimerin-1 was significant associated with failure of complete remission, relapse, short survival, highly significant association with minimal residual disease (MRD) positivity, molecular FLT3 (p 0.004, p.008) unfavorable cytogenetic (0.013). Cut off > 2.38 shows significantly short Overall Survival (OS), Disease-Free Survival (DFS). Finally, it could be independent poor risk for short survival; relapse thus may help in refine AML risk-stratification and tailoring therapy toward personalized medicine.","PeriodicalId":11512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135537451","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-25DOI: 10.1080/2314808x.2023.2252635
Sara F. Khalifa, Fathy M. El-Taweel, Mohammed F. Salama, Mohammed A. El-Magd
This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bitter taste receptor (T2R) agonists (caffeine and extracts of myrrh and Boswellia serrata) on amyloid β (Aβ)-induced Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in rats. Rats intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected with a single dose of Aβ (3 μg/μL/rat) had significantly: 1) lower brain weight, 2) higher short-term memory impairment, 3) lower serum dopamine level, 4) higher AChE activity, 5) higher brain lipid peroxide malonaldehyde, 6) lower brain antioxidant activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, 7) higher brain phosphor tau protein level, 8) higher brain levels of apoptotic markers (Bax and caspase 3), 9) lower brain level of antiapoptotic marker Bcl2, 10) downregulated brain expression of the bitter receptor (T2R4) gene, 11) upregulated brain expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) genes and 12) marked neuronal degeneration associated with severe vacuolation of neutrophils. All deteriorated effects of Aβ were restored following treatment with caffeine (20 mg/kg), myrrh aqueous extract (10 mg/kg) and Boswellia serrata aqueous extract (400 mg/kg) with best effect for myrrh aqueous extract. These data conclude that bitter taste receptor agonists (caffeine and extracts of myrrh and Boswellia serrata) had therapeutic potential on amyloid β-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease.
{"title":"Therapeutic potential of bitter taste receptor agonists on amyloid β-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease","authors":"Sara F. Khalifa, Fathy M. El-Taweel, Mohammed F. Salama, Mohammed A. El-Magd","doi":"10.1080/2314808x.2023.2252635","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808x.2023.2252635","url":null,"abstract":"This study was conducted to investigate the effect of bitter taste receptor (T2R) agonists (caffeine and extracts of myrrh and Boswellia serrata) on amyloid β (Aβ)-induced Alzheimer’s disease (AD) in rats. Rats intracerebroventricularly (ICV) injected with a single dose of Aβ (3 μg/μL/rat) had significantly: 1) lower brain weight, 2) higher short-term memory impairment, 3) lower serum dopamine level, 4) higher AChE activity, 5) higher brain lipid peroxide malonaldehyde, 6) lower brain antioxidant activities of catalase, superoxide dismutase and glutathione peroxidase, 7) higher brain phosphor tau protein level, 8) higher brain levels of apoptotic markers (Bax and caspase 3), 9) lower brain level of antiapoptotic marker Bcl2, 10) downregulated brain expression of the bitter receptor (T2R4) gene, 11) upregulated brain expression of tumor necrosis factor α (TNFα) and nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) genes and 12) marked neuronal degeneration associated with severe vacuolation of neutrophils. All deteriorated effects of Aβ were restored following treatment with caffeine (20 mg/kg), myrrh aqueous extract (10 mg/kg) and Boswellia serrata aqueous extract (400 mg/kg) with best effect for myrrh aqueous extract. These data conclude that bitter taste receptor agonists (caffeine and extracts of myrrh and Boswellia serrata) had therapeutic potential on amyloid β-induced rat model of Alzheimer’s disease.","PeriodicalId":11512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135817217","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Reproductive neuroendocrine dysfunction is becoming common among patients with epilepsy, Notably, possible indication of taurine and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the management of reproductive impairment has increased over the years. However, scientific evidence to supplement our understanding of the impact of taurine and NAC in protecting reproductive neuroendocrine cells is lacking. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the possible effects of taurine and NAC on levetiracetam-induced reproductive neuroendocrine dysfunction in epileptic rats. The study was done in two experimental protocols: drug alone and reversal. In the drug-alone protocol, rats in groups 1–6 received treatment orally for 21 days, respectively. In the reversal-protocol, the animals in group 1, received saline (2.5 mL/kg) and served as normal control, while epilepsy was induced in animals in groups 2–5, after which groups 3–5 received levetiracetam (150 mg/kg), levetiracetam (150 mg/kg) + NAC (100 mg/kg), levetiracetam (150 mg/kg) + taurine (150 mg/kg) respectively for 14 days. Pilocarpine alone or in combination with levetiracetam significantly decreased neuro-endocrine related factors, hormonal profile, and spermatogenesis, whereas treatment with NAC and taurine reversed the effects induced by pilocarpinethrough neuro-endocrine-related factors and hormonal modulation mechanism.
{"title":"Taurine and <i>N</i> -acetylcysteine reverse reproductive and neuroendocrine dysfunctions in levetiracetam-treated epileptic male rats","authors":"Emojevwe Victor, Oyovwi Mega Obukohwo, Naiho Obidike Alexander, Osigwe Elect Chinaecherem, Annonye Victoria Obianuju, Nwangwa Eze Kingsley, Ben-Azu Benneth, Enemali Felix, Uwejigho Raphael, Oghenetega Onome Bright, Ogunmiluyi Olufunmbi Ebenezer, Joseph Gregory Uchechukwu","doi":"10.1080/2314808x.2023.2254529","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808x.2023.2254529","url":null,"abstract":"Reproductive neuroendocrine dysfunction is becoming common among patients with epilepsy, Notably, possible indication of taurine and N-acetylcysteine (NAC) in the management of reproductive impairment has increased over the years. However, scientific evidence to supplement our understanding of the impact of taurine and NAC in protecting reproductive neuroendocrine cells is lacking. Hence, this study aimed to investigate the possible effects of taurine and NAC on levetiracetam-induced reproductive neuroendocrine dysfunction in epileptic rats. The study was done in two experimental protocols: drug alone and reversal. In the drug-alone protocol, rats in groups 1–6 received treatment orally for 21 days, respectively. In the reversal-protocol, the animals in group 1, received saline (2.5 mL/kg) and served as normal control, while epilepsy was induced in animals in groups 2–5, after which groups 3–5 received levetiracetam (150 mg/kg), levetiracetam (150 mg/kg) + NAC (100 mg/kg), levetiracetam (150 mg/kg) + taurine (150 mg/kg) respectively for 14 days. Pilocarpine alone or in combination with levetiracetam significantly decreased neuro-endocrine related factors, hormonal profile, and spermatogenesis, whereas treatment with NAC and taurine reversed the effects induced by pilocarpinethrough neuro-endocrine-related factors and hormonal modulation mechanism.","PeriodicalId":11512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"139 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136235778","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-19DOI: 10.1080/2314808x.2023.2244772
Reham R. EL-Lakany, Eman S. Abdelmaged, Maher Shams, Ramadan Hassan, Dina E. Rizk
Colonization of pregnant women by Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is the main reason for intrauterine infection or transmission during parturition. This study investigated the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, serotypes, virulence traits of S. agalactiae in pregnant women across three hospitals in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. Isolates were identified by culturing onto Hichrome Sterp B selective medium, latex agglutination and biochemical tests. The antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Capsular serotypes were determined by latex agglutination test. Hemolysin production and biofilm formation were assessed quantitively. Virulence genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among 290 samples, 31.7% were S. agalactiae. All isolates were sensitive to penicillin G, ampicillin, cefotaxime, and vancomycin, but notably resistant to tetracycline (83.6%), erythromycin (68.4%), and clindamycin (54.3%). Serotype III (26.08%) was most common. Strong biofilm was produced by 72.8% of isolates. High hemolytic activity was seen (80.4%). Prevalent virulence genes included fsbA (97.8%), fbsB (96.7%), and scpB (96.7%). rib and alp4 were frequent surface protein genes (60.8% and 57.6%, respectively). Serotypes were significantly correlated to clindamycin resistance, biofilm production (Ia, III, VI serotypes), hemolytic activity (serotype V), and several virulence genes and surface proteins. Our study found a high prevalence of S. agalactiae isolates in pregnant women with diverse resistance patterns, high virulence indicating potential for increased pathogenicity.
{"title":"Incidence of virulence determinants among <i>Streptococcus agalactiae</i> isolated from pregnant women and association with their serotypes","authors":"Reham R. EL-Lakany, Eman S. Abdelmaged, Maher Shams, Ramadan Hassan, Dina E. Rizk","doi":"10.1080/2314808x.2023.2244772","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808x.2023.2244772","url":null,"abstract":"Colonization of pregnant women by Streptococcus agalactiae (S. agalactiae) is the main reason for intrauterine infection or transmission during parturition. This study investigated the prevalence, antimicrobial susceptibility, serotypes, virulence traits of S. agalactiae in pregnant women across three hospitals in Dakahlia Governorate, Egypt. Isolates were identified by culturing onto Hichrome Sterp B selective medium, latex agglutination and biochemical tests. The antimicrobial susceptibility was determined by Kirby-Bauer disc diffusion method. Capsular serotypes were determined by latex agglutination test. Hemolysin production and biofilm formation were assessed quantitively. Virulence genes were detected by polymerase chain reaction (PCR). Among 290 samples, 31.7% were S. agalactiae. All isolates were sensitive to penicillin G, ampicillin, cefotaxime, and vancomycin, but notably resistant to tetracycline (83.6%), erythromycin (68.4%), and clindamycin (54.3%). Serotype III (26.08%) was most common. Strong biofilm was produced by 72.8% of isolates. High hemolytic activity was seen (80.4%). Prevalent virulence genes included fsbA (97.8%), fbsB (96.7%), and scpB (96.7%). rib and alp4 were frequent surface protein genes (60.8% and 57.6%, respectively). Serotypes were significantly correlated to clindamycin resistance, biofilm production (Ia, III, VI serotypes), hemolytic activity (serotype V), and several virulence genes and surface proteins. Our study found a high prevalence of S. agalactiae isolates in pregnant women with diverse resistance patterns, high virulence indicating potential for increased pathogenicity.","PeriodicalId":11512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"198 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135015908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) is an epigenetic modulator that belongs to sirtuins family and participates in many physiologic reactions, as genomic stabilization, apoptosis, proliferation, and inflammation. STAT4 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 4) gene is a component of JAK-STAT signaling pathway, which plays key role in activating cellular-mediated immune responses. The present study aimed to investigate the association between SIRT1 rs12778366 SNP, expression level of STAT4 gene and susceptibility to COVID-19 infections as well as their correlation to clinicopathological data.The present study included 100 ICU patients with severe COVID-19 infection and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. DNA was extracted. Genotyping of SNP in SIRT1 (rs12778366) was performed, Total RNA was extracted from PBMCs. Reverse transcription was done. STAT4 gene expression levels were evaluated with GAPDH as internal control using real-time PCR. We found a significantly higher frequency of ‘C’ allele and C/T genotype in case vs. control. The association was of low strength (φ = 0.105 for alleles, and 0.154 for genotypes). This was associated with higher expression of STAT4 gene (P < 0.001) and increased tendency for lower respiratory complications. Median STAT4 (FC) (Median = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.15–0.27) was lower than normal control value of 1.0. This difference was statistically significant (Hodges-Lehmann location estimator = 0.217, P < 0.001). SIRT1 polymorphism and decreased expression of STAT4 gene are associated with increased susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and correlate to its phenotypic manifestations.
Sirtuin1 (SIRT1)是一种表观遗传调节剂，属于sirtuins家族，参与许多生理反应，如基因组稳定、细胞凋亡、增殖和炎症。STAT4 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 4)基因是JAK-STAT信号通路的一个组成部分，在激活细胞介导的免疫应答中起关键作用。本研究旨在探讨SIRT1 rs12778366 SNP、STAT4基因表达水平与COVID-19感染易感性的关系及其与临床病理资料的相关性。本研究纳入100例重症COVID-19感染ICU患者和100例年龄和性别匹配的健康对照。提取DNA。对SIRT1 (rs12778366)的SNP进行基因分型，从pbmc中提取总RNA。完成了逆转录。以GAPDH为内对照，实时荧光定量PCR检测STAT4基因表达水平。我们发现，与对照组相比，病例中“C”等位基因和C/T基因型的频率明显更高。关联强度较低(等位基因φ = 0.105，基因型φ = 0.154)。这与STAT4基因的高表达(P < 0.001)和下呼吸道并发症的增加趋势相关。STAT4 (FC)中位数(中位数= 0.18,95% CI = 0.15 ~ 0.27)低于正常对照值1.0。这一差异具有统计学意义(Hodges-Lehmann位置估计值= 0.217,P < 0.001)。SIRT1多态性和STAT4基因表达降低与COVID-19感染易感性增加相关，并与其表型表现相关。
{"title":"The association of Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) polymorphism and downregulation of STAT4 gene expression with increased susceptibility to COVID-19 infection","authors":"Nora Mostafa, May Elsherbiny Badr, Olfat G. Shaker, Ghada Elsaid, Rasha Samir Shemies, Doaa Khedr, Hend Gamal Abuelfadl, Mona Elhelaly Elsherbeny","doi":"10.1080/2314808x.2023.2254507","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808x.2023.2254507","url":null,"abstract":"Sirtuin1 (SIRT1) is an epigenetic modulator that belongs to sirtuins family and participates in many physiologic reactions, as genomic stabilization, apoptosis, proliferation, and inflammation. STAT4 (signal transducer and activator of transcription 4) gene is a component of JAK-STAT signaling pathway, which plays key role in activating cellular-mediated immune responses. The present study aimed to investigate the association between SIRT1 rs12778366 SNP, expression level of STAT4 gene and susceptibility to COVID-19 infections as well as their correlation to clinicopathological data.The present study included 100 ICU patients with severe COVID-19 infection and 100 age- and sex-matched healthy controls. DNA was extracted. Genotyping of SNP in SIRT1 (rs12778366) was performed, Total RNA was extracted from PBMCs. Reverse transcription was done. STAT4 gene expression levels were evaluated with GAPDH as internal control using real-time PCR. We found a significantly higher frequency of ‘C’ allele and C/T genotype in case vs. control. The association was of low strength (φ = 0.105 for alleles, and 0.154 for genotypes). This was associated with higher expression of STAT4 gene (P < 0.001) and increased tendency for lower respiratory complications. Median STAT4 (FC) (Median = 0.18, 95% CI = 0.15–0.27) was lower than normal control value of 1.0. This difference was statistically significant (Hodges-Lehmann location estimator = 0.217, P < 0.001). SIRT1 polymorphism and decreased expression of STAT4 gene are associated with increased susceptibility to COVID-19 infection and correlate to its phenotypic manifestations.","PeriodicalId":11512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"56 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981220","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-11DOI: 10.1080/2314808x.2023.2254508
Mohammed A. Eid, Azza El-Sayed Ali Youssef, Niveen Salah El-Din Saudy, Anwar S. El-Badry
Infection by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a big threat to human health all over the world. Many host factors could affect the treatment response in HCV infection. One of these factors is IL28B gene polymorphism. This research study investigated the association of IL28B (rs8099917) gene polymorphism with treatment response in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection receiving a combination of Sovaldi, Daklinza, and Ribavirin in Egypt. The study included 100 patients, divided into three groups based on treatment outcomes: responders, relapsers, and non-responders. Biochemical and hematological analyses were performed, and HCV genotypes were determined using PCR. IL28B genotyping was done using real-time PCR. The results showed a high prevalence of HCV genotype 4 and a few patients with genotype 1. The G allele of IL28B was associated with a higher risk of developing relapse and non-response, while the TT genotype was significantly associated with treatment success. Viral load levels were lower in responders compared to relapsers and non-responders. The study suggests that IL28B genotype may be a valuable predictor of treatment response in chronic HCV patients treated with the specified combination therapy. Further research is needed to confirm and fully understand these findings.
{"title":"Impact of IL28B (rs8099917) gene polymorphism on treatment response to Sovaldi, Daklinza, and Ribavirin in Egyptian patients with HCV infection","authors":"Mohammed A. Eid, Azza El-Sayed Ali Youssef, Niveen Salah El-Din Saudy, Anwar S. El-Badry","doi":"10.1080/2314808x.2023.2254508","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/2314808x.2023.2254508","url":null,"abstract":"Infection by the hepatitis C virus (HCV) is a big threat to human health all over the world. Many host factors could affect the treatment response in HCV infection. One of these factors is IL28B gene polymorphism. This research study investigated the association of IL28B (rs8099917) gene polymorphism with treatment response in patients with chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection receiving a combination of Sovaldi, Daklinza, and Ribavirin in Egypt. The study included 100 patients, divided into three groups based on treatment outcomes: responders, relapsers, and non-responders. Biochemical and hematological analyses were performed, and HCV genotypes were determined using PCR. IL28B genotyping was done using real-time PCR. The results showed a high prevalence of HCV genotype 4 and a few patients with genotype 1. The G allele of IL28B was associated with a higher risk of developing relapse and non-response, while the TT genotype was significantly associated with treatment success. Viral load levels were lower in responders compared to relapsers and non-responders. The study suggests that IL28B genotype may be a valuable predictor of treatment response in chronic HCV patients treated with the specified combination therapy. Further research is needed to confirm and fully understand these findings.","PeriodicalId":11512,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Basic and Applied Sciences","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135981204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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