Pub Date : 2022-06-30DOI: 10.31793/1680-1466.2022.27-2.114
M.V. Ostafiichuk, A.Ye. Kovalenko, H. Zelinska, Yu.М. Tarashchenko
Останнім часом відзначено збільшення кількості випадків радіойодрезистентності високодиференційованих тиреоїдних карцином (ВТК), що проявляється у вигляді рецидивування хвороби в різні терміни після хірургічного лікування та терапії 131I. Мета — провести аналіз клінічних і цитоморфологічних характеристик, а також результатів хірургічного лікування рецидиву радіойодрезистентних метастазів (РРМ) ВТК, що виникли в пацієнтів після радикального первинного лікування. Матеріал і методи. Дизайн роботи — клінічне ретроспективне когортне дослідження 164 пацієнтів із ВТК, які проявили радіойодрезистентність після проведеного радикального лікування (тиреоїдектомія, терапія 131I та супресивна гормонотерапія) і перенесли повторну операцію в об’ємі видалення регіонарних лімфатичних вузлів. Результати. Пацієнти, у яких було виявлено радіойодрезистентне рецидивування злоякісного процесу, становили групу з більш агресивними та розповсюдженими пухлинами. Аналіз первинних характеристик ВТК показав, що в половині спостережень (47,0%) пухлина виходила за межі капсули (pТ3, pT4a і pT4b) а в 63,4% пацієнтів були присутні метастази в лімфатичні вузли шиї. У 135 спостереженнях (82,3%) злоякісність була підтверджена цитологічним дослідженням лімфовузла, а у 29 спостереженнях (17,7%) проведення біопсії було технічно ускладнено і діагноз підтверджувався непрямими ехографічними ознаками злоякісності. Висновки. Наявність лімфогенних локальних РРМ ВТК, що рецидивують, є неповною відповіддю на попередню терапію та показує особливості біології раку. Ретельний аналіз більшої кількості факторів, пов’язаних із захворюванням, може знизити ризики повторної операції з приводу локальних РРМ. Своєчасне виконання радикальної дисекції рецидивних метастазів дозволило отримати відмінну відповідь у 108 спостереженнях (72,0%). Вищу ефективність повторних дисекцій шиї щодо радіойодрезистентних рецидивів ВТК показав системний компартментальний підхід порівняно з операціями локального характеру типу «berry picking».
{"title":"Хірургічне лікування радіойодрезистентних метастазів високодиференційованої тиреоїдної карциноми в лімфатичні вузли шиї","authors":"M.V. Ostafiichuk, A.Ye. Kovalenko, H. Zelinska, Yu.М. Tarashchenko","doi":"10.31793/1680-1466.2022.27-2.114","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31793/1680-1466.2022.27-2.114","url":null,"abstract":"Останнім часом відзначено збільшення кількості випадків радіойодрезистентності високодиференційованих тиреоїдних карцином (ВТК), що проявляється у вигляді рецидивування хвороби в різні терміни після хірургічного лікування та терапії 131I. Мета — провести аналіз клінічних і цитоморфологічних характеристик, а також результатів хірургічного лікування рецидиву радіойодрезистентних метастазів (РРМ) ВТК, що виникли в пацієнтів після радикального первинного лікування. Матеріал і методи. Дизайн роботи — клінічне ретроспективне когортне дослідження 164 пацієнтів із ВТК, які проявили радіойодрезистентність після проведеного радикального лікування (тиреоїдектомія, терапія 131I та супресивна гормонотерапія) і перенесли повторну операцію в об’ємі видалення регіонарних лімфатичних вузлів. Результати. Пацієнти, у яких було виявлено радіойодрезистентне рецидивування злоякісного процесу, становили групу з більш агресивними та розповсюдженими пухлинами. Аналіз первинних характеристик ВТК показав, що в половині спостережень (47,0%) пухлина виходила за межі капсули (pТ3, pT4a і pT4b) а в 63,4% пацієнтів були присутні метастази в лімфатичні вузли шиї. У 135 спостереженнях (82,3%) злоякісність була підтверджена цитологічним дослідженням лімфовузла, а у 29 спостереженнях (17,7%) проведення біопсії було технічно ускладнено і діагноз підтверджувався непрямими ехографічними ознаками злоякісності. Висновки. Наявність лімфогенних локальних РРМ ВТК, що рецидивують, є неповною відповіддю на попередню терапію та показує особливості біології раку. Ретельний аналіз більшої кількості факторів, пов’язаних із захворюванням, може знизити ризики повторної операції з приводу локальних РРМ. Своєчасне виконання радикальної дисекції рецидивних метастазів дозволило отримати відмінну відповідь у 108 спостереженнях (72,0%). Вищу ефективність повторних дисекцій шиї щодо радіойодрезистентних рецидивів ВТК показав системний компартментальний підхід порівняно з операціями локального характеру типу «berry picking».","PeriodicalId":11551,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"8 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-06-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"87002723","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are responsible for up to 65% of postprandial insulin secretion. Tirzepatide, developed by Eli Lilly, is a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist in the form of a synthetic linear peptide; its acylation technology allows it to bind to albumin, thus making it possible to dose the drug once a week. This review summarizes the key characteristics and pharmacokinetics of tirzepatide. The authors present the results of a phase 1, 2, and 3 clinical trial on the effects of tirzepatide on glycaemic and lipid control and the beneficial effects on body weight in a dose-dependent manner in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Tirzepatide has the ability to reduce glycaemic levels, improve insulin sensitivity, reduce body weight, and improve lipid metabolism, which is critically important in T2DM. Tirzepatide administered by weekly subcutaneous injections appears to be a promising drug for the treatment of T2DM as well as cardiometabolic disorders. The mechanism of action and safety profile of tirzepatide potentially fills important gaps in the current treatment of T2DM.
{"title":"Tirzepatide - a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist - a new antidiabetic drug with potential metabolic activity in the treatment of type 2 diabetes.","authors":"M. Nowak, W. Nowak, W. Grzeszczak","doi":"10.5603/EP.a2022.0029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/EP.a2022.0029","url":null,"abstract":"The incretin hormones glucagon-like peptide 1 (GLP-1) and glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide (GIP) are responsible for up to 65% of postprandial insulin secretion. Tirzepatide, developed by Eli Lilly, is a dual GIP/GLP-1 receptor agonist in the form of a synthetic linear peptide; its acylation technology allows it to bind to albumin, thus making it possible to dose the drug once a week. This review summarizes the key characteristics and pharmacokinetics of tirzepatide. The authors present the results of a phase 1, 2, and 3 clinical trial on the effects of tirzepatide on glycaemic and lipid control and the beneficial effects on body weight in a dose-dependent manner in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Tirzepatide has the ability to reduce glycaemic levels, improve insulin sensitivity, reduce body weight, and improve lipid metabolism, which is critically important in T2DM. Tirzepatide administered by weekly subcutaneous injections appears to be a promising drug for the treatment of T2DM as well as cardiometabolic disorders. The mechanism of action and safety profile of tirzepatide potentially fills important gaps in the current treatment of T2DM.","PeriodicalId":11551,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47667280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Giant pseudocyst of the retroperitoneal space mimicking a lesion arising from the left adrenal gland.","authors":"M. Olakowski, Jakub Ciosek","doi":"10.5603/EP.a2022.0039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/EP.a2022.0039","url":null,"abstract":"Not required for Clinical Vignette.","PeriodicalId":11551,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46718193","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fernando Mendonça, Ana Bernardo Ferreira, F. Pinto, Alice P. Vasconcelos, Sofia Ferreira, Elisabete Rodrigues, Cíntia Castro-Correia, M. Gil-da-Costa, M. Bom-Sucesso
Not required for clinical vignette.
临床小插曲不需要。
{"title":"Adrenal carcinoma as the first manifestation of a Li‑Fraumeni syndrome in three paediatric patients.","authors":"Fernando Mendonça, Ana Bernardo Ferreira, F. Pinto, Alice P. Vasconcelos, Sofia Ferreira, Elisabete Rodrigues, Cíntia Castro-Correia, M. Gil-da-Costa, M. Bom-Sucesso","doi":"10.5603/EP.a2022.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/EP.a2022.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Not required for clinical vignette.","PeriodicalId":11551,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48374291","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION The high glucose changes caused by diabetes mellitus (DM) can damage the vascular system. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) can improve diabetes and promote angiogenesis. Exosomes (EXOs) help to carry specific drugs into cells efficiently. However, whether AS-IV loaded EXOs (AS-IV EXOs) can improve damaged endothelial cells through miR-214 remains to be determined. MATERIAL AND METHODS We prepared and identified AS-IV EXOs derived from endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and high glucose stimulated endothelial cell models to investigate whether AS-IV EXOs can improve damaged endothelial cells through miR-214. We used a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and DAPI staining to identify the morphology and characteristic expression of EPCs and EXOs, and then prepared AS-IV EXOs. Cell function tests were performed to detect the cloning, proliferation, and migration capabilities of cells. Western blot (WB) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to assess the expression level of Tie-2, Ang-1, and PI3K/Akt-related protein. RESULTS The DAPI staining results showed that inducing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) could effectively absorb AS-IV EXOs. The results of plate clone formation assay, CCK-8, cell adhesion, and transwell assay of HUVECs stimulated by high glucose showed that AS-IV EXOs had a damage relief effect. By the detection of WB and qRT-PCR, it was found that AS-IV EXOs promoted the expression of miR-214 and proteins related to blood vessel growth. After transfection of miR-214 to pre-treat HUVECs under high glucose stimulation, AS-IV EXOs promoted the tube formation of HUVECs by regulating the level of miR-214. CONCLUSIONS By promoting the expression of miR-214, AS-IV EXOs significantly improved the activity and tubularization of HUVECs under high glucose stimulation.
{"title":"Astragaloside IV drug-loaded exosomes (AS-IV EXOs) derived from endothelial progenitor cells improve the viability and tube formation in high-glucose impaired human endothelial cells by promoting miR-214 expression.","authors":"X. Zou, Huidongzi Xiao, Xuesong Bai, Yixian Zou, Wenxiao Hu, Xiangdong Lin, Chenhong Zhu, Yao Liang, Wu Xiong","doi":"10.5603/EP.a2022.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/EP.a2022.0011","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000The high glucose changes caused by diabetes mellitus (DM) can damage the vascular system. Astragaloside IV (AS-IV) can improve diabetes and promote angiogenesis. Exosomes (EXOs) help to carry specific drugs into cells efficiently. However, whether AS-IV loaded EXOs (AS-IV EXOs) can improve damaged endothelial cells through miR-214 remains to be determined.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS\u0000We prepared and identified AS-IV EXOs derived from endothelial progenitor cells (EPCs) and high glucose stimulated endothelial cell models to investigate whether AS-IV EXOs can improve damaged endothelial cells through miR-214. We used a transmission electron microscope (TEM) and DAPI staining to identify the morphology and characteristic expression of EPCs and EXOs, and then prepared AS-IV EXOs. Cell function tests were performed to detect the cloning, proliferation, and migration capabilities of cells. Western blot (WB) and real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to assess the expression level of Tie-2, Ang-1, and PI3K/Akt-related protein.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The DAPI staining results showed that inducing human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) could effectively absorb AS-IV EXOs. The results of plate clone formation assay, CCK-8, cell adhesion, and transwell assay of HUVECs stimulated by high glucose showed that AS-IV EXOs had a damage relief effect. By the detection of WB and qRT-PCR, it was found that AS-IV EXOs promoted the expression of miR-214 and proteins related to blood vessel growth. After transfection of miR-214 to pre-treat HUVECs under high glucose stimulation, AS-IV EXOs promoted the tube formation of HUVECs by regulating the level of miR-214.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000By promoting the expression of miR-214, AS-IV EXOs significantly improved the activity and tubularization of HUVECs under high glucose stimulation.","PeriodicalId":11551,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"73 2 1","pages":"336-345"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49228248","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hongyuan Huang, Xiaoqiu Zhao, X. Shi, Qiyue Tan, Ruizhi Zhang, Mei Yue, Rongshuang Ma, Qiang Chen, Shu-hua Zhao, L. Yang
INTRODUCTION The effects of ethephon on the reproductive systems of mammalian females are still ambiguous. This study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of ethephon on the female reproductive system. MATERIAL AND METHODS Forty female C57 mice were used as experimental subjects and evenly divided into 8 groups, which were fed with mixed ethephon (0, 107.3, 214.5, and 429 mg/kg bw/day) and pure water. After 20 and 40 days of gavage, the mice were weighed and individual organ coefficients of the ovaries were measured. Enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to detect the serum levels of serum sex hormones. The cell cycle distribution and rate of apoptosis of mouse ovarian tissues were examined using flow cytometry. RESULTS Ethephon intoxication significantly decreased serum levels of progesterone (P) and oestradiol (E2) and increased the serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH). The serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) decreased and then increased over time. In addition, ethephon significantly inhibited the apoptosis rate in the ovary and caused G0/G1 and G2/M arrest. CONCLUSION These results indicate that prolonged exposure to ethephon may have negative effects on the female reproductive system.
{"title":"Effects of ethephon on serum levels of sex hormone, apoptosis, and cell cycle of ovaries in mice.","authors":"Hongyuan Huang, Xiaoqiu Zhao, X. Shi, Qiyue Tan, Ruizhi Zhang, Mei Yue, Rongshuang Ma, Qiang Chen, Shu-hua Zhao, L. Yang","doi":"10.5603/EP.a2022.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/EP.a2022.0025","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000The effects of ethephon on the reproductive systems of mammalian females are still ambiguous. This study was conducted to evaluate the toxic effects of ethephon on the female reproductive system.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS\u0000Forty female C57 mice were used as experimental subjects and evenly divided into 8 groups, which were fed with mixed ethephon (0, 107.3, 214.5, and 429 mg/kg bw/day) and pure water. After 20 and 40 days of gavage, the mice were weighed and individual organ coefficients of the ovaries were measured. Enzyme-linked immunoassay was used to detect the serum levels of serum sex hormones. The cell cycle distribution and rate of apoptosis of mouse ovarian tissues were examined using flow cytometry.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Ethephon intoxication significantly decreased serum levels of progesterone (P) and oestradiol (E2) and increased the serum levels of luteinizing hormone (LH). The serum levels of follicle-stimulating hormone (FSH) decreased and then increased over time. In addition, ethephon significantly inhibited the apoptosis rate in the ovary and caused G0/G1 and G2/M arrest.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000These results indicate that prolonged exposure to ethephon may have negative effects on the female reproductive system.","PeriodicalId":11551,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":"73 2 1","pages":"346-352"},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41448550","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION The reference values for thyroid volume (TV) suggested by the WHO are recommended for children aged 6 to 12 years and cannot be considered relevant for infants. The present study aimed to establish the normal values for TV and thyroid isthmus depth (TID) in infants aged between 1 and 12 months from the west coast of Turkey. MATERIAL AND METHODS The TV and TID were measured in 223 infants by a validated ultrasound technique. The TV was determined by the method of Brunn et al. and Brown et al. The 3rd, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 97th percentiles of the TV and TID according to age were produced. The TV and TID measurements were compared with infants' age, gender, and standard deviation (Z) scores for weight, height, and BMI. RESULTS The median (IQR) values for TV were 0.77 (0.61-1.00) and 0.84 (0.67-1.10) mL, calculated according to the formula of Brunn et al. and Brown et al., respectively. The TV was significantly associated with age, and Z scores for weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.366, p < 0.001; r = 0.343, p < 0.0001; r = 0.269, p < 0.0001; and r = 0.157, p = 0.019; respectively). The median (IQR) value for the TID was 1.5 (1.3-1.9) mm. The TID was significantly correlated with TV and the Z score for height (r = 0.190, p = 0.004; and r = 0.144, p = 0.032; respectively). In multivariable regression, the only independent predictor for TV was the Z score for BMI. No differences based on gender were found. CONCLUSIONS This is the first study to report the normative values for TV and TID in healthy Turkish infants aged up to 12 months. Our findings may serve as a basis for developing national and international references for TV and TID in infants.
{"title":"Sonographic evaluation of normal thyroid volume and thyroid isthmus depth among infants in the west coast of Turkey.","authors":"Edis Çolak, B. Özkan","doi":"10.5603/EP.a2022.0012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/EP.a2022.0012","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000The reference values for thyroid volume (TV) suggested by the WHO are recommended for children aged 6 to 12 years and cannot be considered relevant for infants. The present study aimed to establish the normal values for TV and thyroid isthmus depth (TID) in infants aged between 1 and 12 months from the west coast of Turkey.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS\u0000The TV and TID were measured in 223 infants by a validated ultrasound technique. The TV was determined by the method of Brunn et al. and Brown et al. The 3rd, 25th, 50th, 75th, and 97th percentiles of the TV and TID according to age were produced. The TV and TID measurements were compared with infants' age, gender, and standard deviation (Z) scores for weight, height, and BMI.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000The median (IQR) values for TV were 0.77 (0.61-1.00) and 0.84 (0.67-1.10) mL, calculated according to the formula of Brunn et al. and Brown et al., respectively. The TV was significantly associated with age, and Z scores for weight, height, and body mass index (BMI) (r = 0.366, p < 0.001; r = 0.343, p < 0.0001; r = 0.269, p < 0.0001; and r = 0.157, p = 0.019; respectively). The median (IQR) value for the TID was 1.5 (1.3-1.9) mm. The TID was significantly correlated with TV and the Z score for height (r = 0.190, p = 0.004; and r = 0.144, p = 0.032; respectively). In multivariable regression, the only independent predictor for TV was the Z score for BMI. No differences based on gender were found.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000This is the first study to report the normative values for TV and TID in healthy Turkish infants aged up to 12 months. Our findings may serve as a basis for developing national and international references for TV and TID in infants.","PeriodicalId":11551,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48193834","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
M. Łukawska-Tatarczuk, J. Zieliński, E. Franek, L. Czupryniak, B. Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska
INTRODUCTION It has been hypothesized that autoimmunity may contribute to cardiovascular complications and may be an important trigger for processes leading to atherosclerosis, especially in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This pilot study aimed to answer the question of whether markers of thyroid autoimmunity are associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in young, asymptomatic T1DM women. MATERIAL AND METHODS The study population consisted of 102 women, including 72 with T1DM and 30 healthy controls. All patients had thyroid hormones within the normal range. According to the antiperoxidase antibodies (aTPO) titre, the T1DM women were divided into an aTPO-positive (T1DM aTPO+) (n = 41) and an aTPO-negative (T1DM aTPO-) (n = 31) group. In all patients, aTPO, thyroglobulin antibody (aTG) titres, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT3), free triiodothyronine (FT4), lipid parameters, glycated haemoglobin, thyroid ultrasonography, and cIMT assessment were evaluated. The association of cIMT with different risk factors related to thyroid autoimmunity was determined. RESULTS Carotid intima-media thickness was significantly greater in T1DM aTPO+ females (0.66 ± 0.10 mm) than in T1DM aTPO- (0.59 ± 0.11 mm) and healthy controls (0.58 ± 0.10 mm) (p = 0.007, p = 0.001, respectively). In all women cIMT was significantly, positively correlated with aTPO (p = 0.005, r = 0.273), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) duration (p = 0.00015, r = 0.367), levothyroxine dose per week (p = 0.006, r = 0.269), and ultrasound features of HT (p = 0.004, r = 0.281) and inversely with fT3 concentration (p = 0.014, r = -0.243) and FT3/FT4 ratio (p = 0.042, r = -0.201). A logistic regression analysis showed that HT duration (OR: 1.102, 95% CI: 1.008-1.206, p = 0.032) and a positive history family of HT (OR: 3.909, 95%CI: 1.014-15.071, p = 0.045) were risk factors for increased cIMT. However, multivariate regression analysis showed that the studied parameters related to thyroid autoimmunity are not independent risk factors for increased cIMT. CONCLUSIONS We expanded the data on cIMT in young women with T1DM and showed that thyroid autoimmunity, and in particular the duration of exposure to anti-thyroid antibodies, despite adequate levothyroxine substitution, is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in young women with T1DM. However, thyroid-related parameters are not independent risk factors for increased cIMT in euthyroid women.
引言据推测，自身免疫可能导致心血管并发症，并可能是导致动脉粥样硬化过程的重要诱因，尤其是在1型糖尿病（T1DM）中。这项初步研究旨在回答甲状腺自身免疫标志物是否与年轻、无症状的T1DM女性颈动脉内膜中层厚度（cIMT）增加有关的问题。材料和方法研究人群包括102名女性，包括72名T1DM患者和30名健康对照者。所有患者甲状腺激素均在正常范围内。根据抗过氧化物酶抗体（aTPO）滴度，将T1DM妇女分为aTPO阳性组（T1DM aTPO+）（n=41）和aTPO阴性组（T1DM-aTPO-）（n=31）。在所有患者中，评估了aTPO、甲状腺球蛋白抗体（aTG）滴度、促甲状腺激素（TSH）、游离甲状腺素（FT3）、游离三碘甲状腺原氨酸（FT4）、脂质参数、糖化血红蛋白、甲状腺超声和cIMT评估。测定了cIMT与甲状腺自身免疫相关的不同危险因素的相关性。结果T1DM aTPO+女性的颈动脉内膜-中膜厚度（0.66±0.10mm）显著大于T1DM a TPO-（0.59±0.11mm）和健康对照组（0.58±0.10mm，分别为p=0.007和p=0.001）。在所有女性中，cIMT与aTPO（p=0.005，r=0.273）、桥本甲状腺炎（HT）持续时间（p=0.00015，r=0.367）、每周左旋甲状腺素剂量（p=0.006，r=0.219）显著正相关，和HT的超声特征（p=0.004，r=0.281），与fT3浓度（p=0.014，r=-0.243）和fT3/FT4比值（p=0.042，r=-0.201）呈反比。逻辑回归分析显示，HT持续时间（OR:1.102，95%CI:1.008-1.206，p=0.032）和HT阳性家族史（OR:3.909，95%CI:1.014-15.071，p=0.045）是cIMT增加的危险因素。然而，多元回归分析表明，与甲状腺自身免疫相关的研究参数并不是cIMT增加的独立风险因素。结论我们扩展了年轻T1DM女性的cIMT数据，并表明尽管有足够的左甲状腺素替代，甲状腺自身免疫，特别是抗甲状腺抗体暴露的持续时间，与年轻T1DM女性的亚临床动脉粥样硬化相关。然而，甲状腺相关参数并不是甲状腺功能正常妇女cIMT增加的独立危险因素。
{"title":"[Is thyroid autoimmunity associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in young women with type 1 diabetes mellitus?]","authors":"M. Łukawska-Tatarczuk, J. Zieliński, E. Franek, L. Czupryniak, B. Mrozikiewicz-Rakowska","doi":"10.5603/EP.a2022.0018","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/EP.a2022.0018","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000It has been hypothesized that autoimmunity may contribute to cardiovascular complications and may be an important trigger for processes leading to atherosclerosis, especially in type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). This pilot study aimed to answer the question of whether markers of thyroid autoimmunity are associated with increased carotid intima-media thickness (cIMT) in young, asymptomatic T1DM women.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS\u0000The study population consisted of 102 women, including 72 with T1DM and 30 healthy controls. All patients had thyroid hormones within the normal range. According to the antiperoxidase antibodies (aTPO) titre, the T1DM women were divided into an aTPO-positive (T1DM aTPO+) (n = 41) and an aTPO-negative (T1DM aTPO-) (n = 31) group. In all patients, aTPO, thyroglobulin antibody (aTG) titres, thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH), free thyroxine (FT3), free triiodothyronine (FT4), lipid parameters, glycated haemoglobin, thyroid ultrasonography, and cIMT assessment were evaluated. The association of cIMT with different risk factors related to thyroid autoimmunity was determined.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Carotid intima-media thickness was significantly greater in T1DM aTPO+ females (0.66 ± 0.10 mm) than in T1DM aTPO- (0.59 ± 0.11 mm) and healthy controls (0.58 ± 0.10 mm) (p = 0.007, p = 0.001, respectively). In all women cIMT was significantly, positively correlated with aTPO (p = 0.005, r = 0.273), Hashimoto's thyroiditis (HT) duration (p = 0.00015, r = 0.367), levothyroxine dose per week (p = 0.006, r = 0.269), and ultrasound features of HT (p = 0.004, r = 0.281) and inversely with fT3 concentration (p = 0.014, r = -0.243) and FT3/FT4 ratio (p = 0.042, r = -0.201). A logistic regression analysis showed that HT duration (OR: 1.102, 95% CI: 1.008-1.206, p = 0.032) and a positive history family of HT (OR: 3.909, 95%CI: 1.014-15.071, p = 0.045) were risk factors for increased cIMT. However, multivariate regression analysis showed that the studied parameters related to thyroid autoimmunity are not independent risk factors for increased cIMT.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000We expanded the data on cIMT in young women with T1DM and showed that thyroid autoimmunity, and in particular the duration of exposure to anti-thyroid antibodies, despite adequate levothyroxine substitution, is associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in young women with T1DM. However, thyroid-related parameters are not independent risk factors for increased cIMT in euthyroid women.","PeriodicalId":11551,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41900482","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Imeglimin (IMEG) is the first drug of the "glimin" group. Glimin is a new group of hypoglycaemic drugs for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The chemical structure and action mechanism of the drug are presented in the paper. Imeglimin is unique and different in action compared to other hypoglycaemic drugs. Imeglimin has been shown to have a beneficial effect on 3 key pathogenetic elements of T2DM, i.e., 1. increased gluconeogenesis, 2. inadequate glucose-induced insulin secretion by beta cells, and 3. peripheral insulin resistance. The peak effect on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of IMEG is reached after 16 weeks of treatment. Subjects receiving IMEG at 1000- and 1500-mg doses twice daily also achieved significantly greater reductions in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels at week 24 compared to the placebo group (IMEG in humans causes increased insulin secretion as well as reductions in fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin). This paper also presents the pharmacokinetics of IMEG action, clinical evidence for its efficacy, results of phase II and III clinical trials, and drug tolerability. Our paper seems to show that IMEG, with its novel mechanism of action, has a chance to improve treatment results in a larger population of T2DM patients.
{"title":"Imeglimin: a new antidiabetic drug with potential future in the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes.","authors":"M. Nowak, W. Grzeszczak","doi":"10.5603/EP.a2022.0014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/EP.a2022.0014","url":null,"abstract":"Imeglimin (IMEG) is the first drug of the \"glimin\" group. Glimin is a new group of hypoglycaemic drugs for the treatment of patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The chemical structure and action mechanism of the drug are presented in the paper. Imeglimin is unique and different in action compared to other hypoglycaemic drugs. Imeglimin has been shown to have a beneficial effect on 3 key pathogenetic elements of T2DM, i.e., 1. increased gluconeogenesis, 2. inadequate glucose-induced insulin secretion by beta cells, and 3. peripheral insulin resistance. The peak effect on fasting plasma glucose (FPG) and glycated haemoglobin (HbA1c) levels of IMEG is reached after 16 weeks of treatment. Subjects receiving IMEG at 1000- and 1500-mg doses twice daily also achieved significantly greater reductions in fasting plasma glucose (FPG) levels at week 24 compared to the placebo group (IMEG in humans causes increased insulin secretion as well as reductions in fasting plasma glucose and glycated haemoglobin). This paper also presents the pharmacokinetics of IMEG action, clinical evidence for its efficacy, results of phase II and III clinical trials, and drug tolerability. Our paper seems to show that IMEG, with its novel mechanism of action, has a chance to improve treatment results in a larger population of T2DM patients.","PeriodicalId":11551,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44235158","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Zheng-ming Lei, Bin Zeng, Lina Wu, Q. Deng, D. Guo
INTRODUCTION The conflict between breast cancer (BC) and thyroid hormone (TH) has been studied for years. The purpose of the study was to summarise and analyse the available data on the relationship between TH and BC. MATERIAL AND METHODS The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify relevant studies. The mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by fixed or random effects models to assess the effect sizes. RESULTS Thirteen eligible studies with 5957 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The result of this study indicates that there is a significant risk relationship between BC and thyroid hormones [free triiodothyronine (FT3): MD = 1.01 pmol/L, 95% CI: 0.32-1.70, free thyroxine (FT4): MD = 0.26 ng/dL, 95% CI: 0.13-0.38]. CONCLUSIONS Compared with healthy controls, the positive risk of FT3 and FT4 is higher in BC.
{"title":"Free triiodothyronine and free thyroxine hormone levels in relation to breast cancer risk: a meta-analysis.","authors":"Zheng-ming Lei, Bin Zeng, Lina Wu, Q. Deng, D. Guo","doi":"10.5603/EP.a2022.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/EP.a2022.0020","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000The conflict between breast cancer (BC) and thyroid hormone (TH) has been studied for years. The purpose of the study was to summarise and analyse the available data on the relationship between TH and BC.\u0000\u0000\u0000MATERIAL AND METHODS\u0000The PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Library, and Google Scholar databases were searched to identify relevant studies. The mean difference (MD) with 95% confidence interval (CI) were calculated by fixed or random effects models to assess the effect sizes.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Thirteen eligible studies with 5957 participants were included in the meta-analysis. The result of this study indicates that there is a significant risk relationship between BC and thyroid hormones [free triiodothyronine (FT3): MD = 1.01 pmol/L, 95% CI: 0.32-1.70, free thyroxine (FT4): MD = 0.26 ng/dL, 95% CI: 0.13-0.38].\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSIONS\u0000Compared with healthy controls, the positive risk of FT3 and FT4 is higher in BC.","PeriodicalId":11551,"journal":{"name":"Endokrynologia Polska","volume":" ","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":2.1,"publicationDate":"2022-04-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45922523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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