Eksperimental'naia i klinicheskaia gastroenterologiia = Experimental & clinical gastroenterology最新文献

Aim: to detect the bacteriocin genes of probiotic strains Lactobacillus acidophilus 0-75 and Lactobacillus acidophilus D-76 (components of Vitaflor dietary supplement).

Materials and methods: The antagonistic activity of L. acidophilus D-75 and L. acidophilus D-76 strains was estimated by the deferred antagonism method. The identification of bacteriocin genes was performed by PCR using helveticin J gene primers. Amplified fragments were sequenced using ABI PRISM' 310 Genetic Analyzer and were analyzed using NCBI/BLASTX.

Results: The test bacteria exhibit pronounced antagonistic activity (AA) against Escherichia coli 075 and Salmonella Enteritidis 209. In the presence of Actoflor-S (metabiotic dietary supplement) the antagonistic activity of tested probiotic strains was 2-2.5-fold increased indicating its inducible nature. The identical sequences of 537 bp homologous to gene fragment of helveticin of L helveticus DPC457l (hv_1632 gene) were detected in DNA of both strains. Sequencing of these fragments showed difference in three nucleotides.compared to the reference DNA of DPC4571 strain (A instead of G at position 46, C instead of T at position .249 and A instead of T at position 537), but all these replacements do not lead to changes in the amino acid sequence of a bacteriocin. For L acidophilus D-76 another bacteriocin gene fragment of 283 bp was identified (in addition to 537 bp fragment). The latter had 95% homology with the helveticin J gene of L helveticus R0052 (R0052_09025 . gene). In NCBI/BLASTX database the sequences homologous to the helveticin gene of L. helveticus DPC4571 were found in 11 microorganisms related to L. acidophilus, L. amylovorus, L. crispaus, L gallinarum, L. helveticus and L. kitasatonis.

Conclusion: Thus, our study shows that there are at least two bacteriocins in L. acidophilus D-76 and one bacteriocin in L. acidophilus D-75. However, the true potential of these probiotic bacteriocins for human health has yet to be releized.

The review deals with the mechanisms of the clinical features and pathology of the gastrointestinal tract in chronic pancreatitis.

Aim: The study of the clinical course and metabolic disorders in patients nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) elderly.

Subjects and methods: 153 patients with NAFLD was investigated, including 97 men and 56 women. In comparative terms we studied clinical manifestations of NAFLD. All patients NAFLD was verified for the first time. We studied the functional state of the liver function, lipid, carbohydrate and porphyrin metabolism, insulin resistance.

Results: Revealed comorbid pathology, which is predominantly observed in elderly patients. Disturbances in lipid metabolism and insulin resistance hyperinsulinemiya and proved to be more significant in young patients. Disorders of porphyrin metabolism observed in most patients. Disorders are variable. Do young people have dominated the initial disorder, on the other hand more often in elderly patients were observed faction (later) porphyrin metabolism disorders.

Conclusion: Studies suggest that the main pathophysiologic and pathogenetic processes of formation of NAFLD (insulin resistance and dyslipidemia) significantly more pronounced in younger patients. This fact suggests that NAFLD is mainly formed at a young age. Elderly patients have comorbid pathology.

Aim: Frequency Estimation of registration of various skin changes in patients with chronic diffuse liver diseases (CDDL).

Subjects and methods: A cross-sectional observational study in patients with CDDL and dermatological changes. The basis of this study - the results of clinical and laboratory findings 468 patients with various liver diseases (viral, toxic, parasitic).

Results: A detailed analysis of dermatological manifestations of"dermal signs" in the studied group has allowed both to expand their roster, and refine clinical description of some of them. Specifically, that patients can simultaneously generate multiple dermatological stigmata.

Conclusion: The results suggest that skin extrahepatic "marks" is very variable. Their various combinations available to patients is a high screening signs of liver disease. The data can be used by physicians gastroenterologists and dermatologists.

The composition and technology of complex probiotic in hard gelatin capsules was developed in Perm Branch "Biomed" of "Microgen" State Company. The preparation contains three production strains: Lactobacillus plantarum 8P-A3, L. acidophilus K3W24 and Bifidobacterium bifidum 1. Laboratory and experimental (preclinical) study of the probiotic included investigation of the antagonistic activity, "acute" and "chronic" toxicity, the effect of the preparation on histology and hematology of laboratory animals. The result of these studies suggested of the probiotic had high inhibitory activity against pathogenic microflora when compared with probiotic monopreparations and had no toxic effects on laboratory animals.

Objective: To identify chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) features of the clinical manifestations in patients with chronic pancreatitis (CP).

Materials and methods: 67 patients with comorbidity of CP and COPD (main group), 54 - with isolated COPD (compared group) have been examined. Assessment of clinical symptoms severity was perfomed by Modified Medical Research Council (mMRC) Dyspnea Scale and a 4-point scale of COPD patients symptoms (P. L. Paggiaro). Integral assessment of the impact of COPD on patient was conducted in accordance with the GOLD guidelines (2015).

Results: It has been found out that patients with comorbid pathology are characterized by the significant increase rate of infectious exacerbation of COPD than in the compared group: 67.2% vs. 48.1% (p = 0.03). The seasonal nature of COPD exacerbation was observed in isolated COPD in 88.9% of cases, in comorbid pathology - 73.1% (p = 0.03). In compared group 1,4 ± 0,2 exacerbations per year were recorded, in patients of the main group - 2,3 ± 0,4 (p = 0.03). Severity of dyspnea in patients of the main group was 2,4 ± 0,5 points, in compared group - 2,1 ± 0,6 points (p = 0.03). The expressiveness of cough in isolated COPD made up to 2,3 ± 0,4 points, while comorbid disease - 2,6 ± 0,5 points (p = 0.03). Intensity of sputum in patients of the main group reached 1,7 ± 0,6 points, in compared group 1,6 ± 0,7 points (p = 0.66). Integral assessment of the COPD impact on patient (GOLD, 2015) showed that the distribution of patients with comorbid pathology by groups of risk had a significant difference from the one in the compared group (df = 2, χ2 = 14,201, p < 0.001).

Conclusions: The presence of concomitant chronic pancreatitis in patients with COPD brings in a certain deviation in the clinical characteristics of the disease: significantly more often as a trigger were acute respiratory viral infections, less pronounced seasonal nature of exacerbations, significantly increasing the number of exacerbations per year, a significant increase of dyspnea, cough and changes of sputum. Carrying out the integrated assessment of the impact of COPD on patient it has been observed that redistribution of main group patients into risk groups in the side of its aggravation.

Currently, the non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is recognized as the most common chronic liver disease. 27.8% of patients with NAFLD have diseases of the cardiovascular system (cardiovascular), which are the leading cause of death in patients with NAFLD.

Objective: To study the probability of liver fibrosis in patients with metabolic syndrome and chronic heart failure (CHF).

Materials and methods: The study included 77 patients with CHF. The diagnosis of CHF was confirmed by the qualitative measurement of NT-proBNP. The severity of the clinical manifestations of heart failure, functional status of the patient was assessed. All patients underwent clinical and biochemical blood tests, ECG, ultrasound examination of the liver. The size of the heart chambers, wall thickness of the myocardium and epicardial fat were evaluated by echocardiography. The NAFLD Fibrosis Score (NFS) was calculated in all patients enrolled in the study.

Results: In the study group patients The direct correlations between the value of NFS: weight (r = 0,38; p = 0,001), glucose levels (r = 0,54; p = 0,001), the level of glycosylated hemoglobin (r = 0,51; p = 0,002), LV myocardium mass (r = 0, 51; p = 0,005), the sizes of the right atrium (RA) (r = 0,45; p = 0,013), sizes of the left atrium (LA) (r = 0,41; p = 0,023) were found in the study group patients. Inverse correlation between the value of NFS: total cholesterol (r = -0,43; p = 0,008), epicardial fat thickness (EFT) (r = 0,29; p = 0,014), end-diastolic (CD) left ventricular size (r = 0,27; p = 0,02), end-systolic (CS), left ventricular size (r = 0,27; p = 0,02), CD ventricular volume (r = 0,25; p = 0,02), CS LV volume (r = 0,28; p = 0,02). NFS is correlated with the six-minute walk test (6MWT) (p = 0,023; U-Mann-Whitney). Using the NAFLD fibrosis score in internist routine practice help to identify patients with NAFLD and cardiovascular diseases by non-invasive way in the early stages of the disease and to adjust the current treatment, if necessary.

Congenital anomalies of biliary tract development are frequent causes of lingering course of physiologic jaundice which need timely verification of diagnosis followed by surgical treatment. Clinical observation of biliary atresia in a 10-month-old girl permits to accent pediatricians’ attention to peculiarities of clinical picture, diagnosis and techniques for treatment of this pathology.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to investigate the annual dynamics of the functional state of the liver of rats with experimental hepatitis on early period of intoxication.

Materials and methods: This research was conducted for three years on 172 adult male rats Wistar. The toxic hepatitis was caused by subcutaneous injection three times a 50% oil solution of carbon tetrachloride. The studies were conducted in the winter (January), summer (June-July), spring (April) and autumn (October) on the 4th day after the last administration of the toxin. Activity of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), the level of total lipids (TL), total bilirubin (TB), malondialdehyde (MDA) and thymol (T) using standard sets of Biotest «Lachema» were determined in the blood serum. Statistic processing of primary chronograms of investigated parameters was performed with the program “сosinor analysis.”

Results: It was found that in the control animals was dominated by annual and circannual rhythms of the liver functions and in the spectra of the studied parameters were observed several subdominant harmonic. The maxima of liver function detected to the different time intervals on an annual scale, that is, they were not coordinated with each other. On day 4 experimental hepatitis was increased the average annual of study functions (with the exception of ТL) and in their rhythmic organization was observed the inner synchronization by period and acrophase. In the spectra of the rhythms of the studied parameters mainly was determined by only the annual harmonic with acrophase in the autumn months. It can together indicate the development of a powerful pathological process in the liver.

The aim of study was to evaluate changes of biochemical, immunological parameters and the state of the liver parenchyma in patients with metabolic syndrome. The correlation analysis have shown significant connections between serum concentration of TIMP-1 and tryglicerid level (p = 0,04) and increase activity of GGTP (р = 0,0475). The activity of GGTP correlated with increase of lipoproteids of low density in serum (р = 0,034). The intensity of liver tissue changes on sonography in accordance with mathematical analysis was 2,31 ± 0,23 points.