Mohammed El Madihi, S. Moukrim, S. Lahssini, Kamal Menzou, Mustapha Moukrim, Mohamed Ben Bammou, Abdessadeq Boudjaj, L. Rhazi
Abstract The North African steppe areas represent a heritage of great economic and ecological importance. These areas, which were once prosperous, are currently experiencing significant degradation and a decrease in productivity due to several factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of the steppe vegetation, identify the responsible factors, and present perspectives for their management and restoration. The methodological approach adopted for the characterization of climatic and socioeconomic conditions and the analysis of vegetation dynamics combined classical geomatics methods with a data mining method by mobilizing several sources and on important temporal horizons. This study was optimized by using the Google Earth Engine platform. Results showed that steppe areas are characterized by their plant richness and great potential for resilience despite their low vegetation cover. The analysis of the dynamics of change has highlighted a regressive trend in steppe vegetation during the study period (1995–2020). This study has been able to highlight the extent of the dynamics of the steppes in the study area during the last 26 years and to identify the human activity as the main trigger for the transformation that steppe areas are currently undergoing. Such results improve our knowledge of these areas and open perspectives for their management.
{"title":"Vegetation Dynamics of North African Steppe (Case Study of the Moulouya Plateau In Morocco)","authors":"Mohammed El Madihi, S. Moukrim, S. Lahssini, Kamal Menzou, Mustapha Moukrim, Mohamed Ben Bammou, Abdessadeq Boudjaj, L. Rhazi","doi":"10.2478/eko-2023-0040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eko-2023-0040","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract The North African steppe areas represent a heritage of great economic and ecological importance. These areas, which were once prosperous, are currently experiencing significant degradation and a decrease in productivity due to several factors. The objective of this study was to evaluate the dynamics of the steppe vegetation, identify the responsible factors, and present perspectives for their management and restoration. The methodological approach adopted for the characterization of climatic and socioeconomic conditions and the analysis of vegetation dynamics combined classical geomatics methods with a data mining method by mobilizing several sources and on important temporal horizons. This study was optimized by using the Google Earth Engine platform. Results showed that steppe areas are characterized by their plant richness and great potential for resilience despite their low vegetation cover. The analysis of the dynamics of change has highlighted a regressive trend in steppe vegetation during the study period (1995–2020). This study has been able to highlight the extent of the dynamics of the steppes in the study area during the last 26 years and to identify the human activity as the main trigger for the transformation that steppe areas are currently undergoing. Such results improve our knowledge of these areas and open perspectives for their management.","PeriodicalId":11593,"journal":{"name":"Ekológia (Bratislava)","volume":"300 5","pages":"354 - 361"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139196283","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract In this work, 13 pollution indices in 10 stations of the Struma river in the Bulgarian section are investigated: temperature (T°C), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen saturation (SO2), electrical conductivity (EC), biological oxygen demand (BOD), permanganate oxidation (KMn3O4), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), orthophosphates (PO4), dissolved substances (DS), and unsolved substances (US). The analysis and assessment of the studied indices of pollution of the Struma river in the Bulgarian section is carried out by means of a recently proposed multi-criteria decision-making method called intercriteria decision analysis (ICDA). Application of ICDA showed that we have a degree of agreement for T°C for all stations with very few exceptions. This also applies to DO, KMn3O4, SO2 and EC. We had a degree of disagreement for all other indices. From the conducted research, it can be concluded that for all indicators, it is necessary to develop mathematical models in the studied stations according to the studied indicators of the Struma river in Bulgaria. The application of ICDA allows us to examine the correlations between individual indicators and eliminate those that are highly dependent on each other.
{"title":"An Approach for Analysis and Assessment of the Pollution Indices of the Struma River in the Bulgarian Section","authors":"M. Petrov","doi":"10.2478/eko-2023-0036","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2478/eko-2023-0036","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract In this work, 13 pollution indices in 10 stations of the Struma river in the Bulgarian section are investigated: temperature (T°C), pH, dissolved oxygen (DO), oxygen saturation (SO2), electrical conductivity (EC), biological oxygen demand (BOD), permanganate oxidation (KMn3O4), ammonia nitrogen (NH3-N), nitrite nitrogen (NO2-N), nitrate nitrogen (NO3-N), orthophosphates (PO4), dissolved substances (DS), and unsolved substances (US). The analysis and assessment of the studied indices of pollution of the Struma river in the Bulgarian section is carried out by means of a recently proposed multi-criteria decision-making method called intercriteria decision analysis (ICDA). Application of ICDA showed that we have a degree of agreement for T°C for all stations with very few exceptions. This also applies to DO, KMn3O4, SO2 and EC. We had a degree of disagreement for all other indices. From the conducted research, it can be concluded that for all indicators, it is necessary to develop mathematical models in the studied stations according to the studied indicators of the Struma river in Bulgaria. The application of ICDA allows us to examine the correlations between individual indicators and eliminate those that are highly dependent on each other.","PeriodicalId":11593,"journal":{"name":"Ekológia (Bratislava)","volume":"45 4","pages":"327 - 332"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139194304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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