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Cooperation diversity scenarios for clipped OFDM with iterative destination node reception 目的节点接收迭代截断OFDM的合作分集方案
Pub Date : 2010-04-21 DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2010.5479640
T. Ketseoglou
A realistic framework for cooperation diversity is presented for Orthogonal Frequency Division Multiplexing (OFDM) systems with clipping type of transmitter non-linearities. The destination node processes together the received information from the source node and a single, selection algorithm dependent relay one (if any of the candidate relays succeeds in decoding the original OFDM packet sent). The relayed packets are the same with the direct ones (repetition coding), so that simpler receiver processing applies. The destination node employs an optimized, iterative receiver structure based on Turbo processing, in which both the channels and the clipping distortion are (iteratively) estimated. The relaying nodes receive the source-node emanating packets in a standard, non-iterative fashion, due to delay constraints. Two methods of relay node selection are considered: a) Random Relay Selection (RRS), and b) Optimal Relay Selection (ORS). High gains are showed for the proposed approach, due to the synergy between clipping distortion, channel estimation and multiple transmission paths, based on node cooperation diversity. In addition, when the number of candidate relay nodes increases, it is shown that ORS performs significantly better than RRS.
针对正交频分复用(OFDM)系统的收发器非线性,提出了一种可行的合作分集框架。目的节点一起处理从源节点和一个独立的、依赖于选择算法的中继接收到的信息(如果任何一个候选中继成功解码发送的原始OFDM数据包)。中继的数据包与直接的数据包是相同的(重复编码),因此更简单的接收方处理适用。目标节点采用基于Turbo处理的优化迭代接收器结构,其中(迭代)估计信道和裁剪失真。由于延迟限制,中继节点以标准的、非迭代的方式接收源节点发出的数据包。考虑了两种中继节点选择方法:随机中继选择(RRS)和最优中继选择(ORS)。由于基于节点合作分集的裁剪失真、信道估计和多传输路径之间的协同作用,该方法具有较高的增益。此外,当候选中继节点数量增加时,ORS的性能明显优于RRS。
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引用次数: 2
Adaptive admission control in a NGN service platform NGN业务平台的自适应准入控制
Pub Date : 2010-04-21 DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2010.5479674
André Ferreira, P. Carvalho, S. R. Lima
In NGN service-provisioning platforms the existence of an efficient and flexible admission control mechanism is essential for providing quality of service in a reliable and stable way, avoiding congestion scenarios caused by indiscriminate and uncontrolled service requests. The capability of modulating and regulating the rate of call acceptance, and provide service differentiation allow indirect control of the load submitted to the platform. This paper presents a service admission control solution that enables to differentiate, limit and modulate the rate by which service requests are submitted into a NGN service-provisioning platform. The solution is focused on providing a fair level of bandwidth sharing among service classes, in a configurable and dynamic way so that it can adapt the distribution by which service requests are served. To sustain the design goals of our solution, major scheduling disciplines and rate control mechanisms are here studied and compared in order to elect the more adequate components. The implemented solution was submitted to unit and charge tests; the results show its effectiveness and robustness in controlling and differentiating incoming service calls.
在NGN业务发放平台中,为了可靠、稳定地提供高质量的业务,避免因业务请求不受控制而造成拥塞,必须具备高效、灵活的准入控制机制。调制和调节呼叫接受率以及提供服务差异化的能力允许对提交给平台的负载进行间接控制。本文提出了一种业务准入控制解决方案,能够区分、限制和调节业务请求提交到NGN业务提供平台的速率。该解决方案的重点是在服务类之间以可配置和动态的方式提供公平的带宽共享,以便它可以调整服务请求的分布。为了维持我们的解决方案的设计目标,这里研究和比较了主要的调度规则和速率控制机制,以便选择更合适的组件。将实现的解决方案提交单元和充电测试;结果表明,该方法在控制和区分入站服务呼叫方面具有较好的鲁棒性。
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引用次数: 3
Content-Based Rate-Adaptive transfer of SVC-encoded video over MIMO communication systems MIMO通信系统上基于内容的svc编码视频自适应速率传输
Pub Date : 2010-04-21 DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2010.5479668
Daniela Radakovic, R. Ansari, Yingwei Yao
A novel COntent-Based Rate-Adaptation (COBRA) model is proposed to improve the quality of video transmission over multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) system with channel state information feedback (CSI). The model captures relationships among the video content type, video sub-stream bit-rates, achievable peak signal-to-noise ratios (PSNR), and channel bit error rate (BER). COBRA facilitates joint selection of physical layer parameters and video sub-stream configuration. Unlike existing methods, the COBRA model offers an efficient way of balancing losses in PSNR due to channel errors and non-transmission of some enhancements layers in a sub-stream, with a judicious mechanism of selecting sub-stream configurations and communication parameters. Simulations show that COBRA maintains video quality at acceptable levels over wide range of low channel signal-to-noise ratio (SNR) values. It achieves the same video PSNR as obtained by the complete stream transmission at 10 dB higher channel SNR.
为了提高信道状态信息反馈(CSI)下多输入多输出(MIMO)系统的视频传输质量,提出了一种基于内容的速率自适应(COBRA)模型。该模型捕获视频内容类型、视频子流比特率、可实现的峰值信噪比(PSNR)和信道误码率(BER)之间的关系。COBRA便于物理层参数的联合选择和视频子流配置。与现有方法不同,COBRA模型提供了一种有效的方法来平衡由于信道错误和子流中某些增强层不传输而导致的PSNR损失,并具有明智的选择子流配置和通信参数的机制。仿真结果表明,在低信道信噪比(SNR)值的大范围内,COBRA可以将视频质量保持在可接受的水平。在高10db信道信噪比的情况下,实现了与完整流传输相同的视频PSNR。
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引用次数: 4
EVM based AMC for an OFDM system 基于EVM的OFDM系统AMC
Pub Date : 2010-04-21 DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2010.5479643
Ramdane Chouitem
A conventional OFDM system often poses a stringent linearity requirement to the transmitter, especially the radio-frequency power amplifier (RFPA), to maintain its bit error rate (BER). As a result, the output power from a RFPA is often limited, thus, the communication distance is compromised. With the deployment of WiMAX (IEEE 802.16), which is targeting at the mobile market, the communication distance is a concern. In this project, we propose to use Adaptive Modulation and Coding (AMC) to adaptively control the digital modulation and the output power of a RFPA. When the AMC selects the modulation order with the coding rate to achieve the targeted BER, the output power of a RFPA can be increased as long as its Error Vector Magnitude (EVM) is less than the required. Therefore, the communication distance of an OFDM system could be intelligently extended.
传统的OFDM系统通常对发射机,特别是射频功率放大器(RFPA)提出严格的线性要求,以保持其误码率(BER)。因此,RFPA的输出功率通常是有限的,因此,通信距离受到损害。随着针对移动市场的WiMAX (IEEE 802.16)的部署,通信距离成为人们关注的问题。在本计画中,我们提出使用自适应调制和编码(AMC)来自适应控制RFPA的数字调制和输出功率。当AMC根据编码速率选择调制顺序以达到目标误码率时,只要RFPA的误差矢量幅度(Error Vector Magnitude, EVM)小于要求,就可以增加RFPA的输出功率。因此,可以智能地扩展OFDM系统的通信距离。
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引用次数: 13
An efficient wireless switching architecture 一种高效的无线交换架构
Pub Date : 2010-04-21 DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2010.5479653
Jaewook Shim, K. Yun, R. Cruz
We present a wireless switching architecture that allows a self-interference-free asynchronous packet communication in multi-channel wireless switching networks. We propose a system architecture to get around the self-interference problem, which arises due to the proximity among RF devices in the switch and the large difference in strengths between receiving and transmitting signals. We then present a straightforward solution of separating the frequency spectra used for receiving and transmitting signals and propose a MAC/PHY cross-layer protocol for efficiently managing the channel bandwidth for asynchronous packet-based communication. We show that, when a K-port wireless switch with each port providing 20MHz of bidirectional bandwidth, the total communication bandwidth can be increased to 1.4K×20MHz, which is about 2K times as high as a wireless access point with 20MHz per channel. Finally, we introduce a scheduling scheme with a dynamic load balancing to ensure global fairness for all users. The performance of our algorithm is compared to that of the Least-Loaded-First (LLF) user assignment policy using simulations.
我们提出了一种允许在多通道无线交换网络中实现自干扰无异步分组通信的无线交换体系结构。我们提出了一种系统架构来解决自干扰问题,该问题是由于开关中射频设备之间的接近以及接收和发射信号之间的强度差异很大而引起的。然后,我们提出了一种分离用于接收和发送信号的频谱的简单解决方案,并提出了一种MAC/PHY跨层协议,用于有效地管理异步基于分组的通信的信道带宽。我们表明,当每个端口提供20MHz双向带宽的k端口无线交换机时,总通信带宽可以增加到1.4K×20MHz,这大约是每个通道20MHz的无线接入点的2K倍。最后,我们引入了一种动态负载均衡的调度方案,以确保所有用户的全局公平性。通过仿真将我们的算法的性能与最小负载优先(least - load - first, LLF)用户分配策略的性能进行比较。
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引用次数: 2
Impact of mobility prediction on the performance of Cognitive Radio networks 移动性预测对认知无线电网络性能的影响
Pub Date : 2010-04-21 DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2010.5479659
I. Butun, A. Talay, D. Altilar, M. Khalid, R. Sankar
Wireless technology has enabled the development of increasingly diverse applications and devices resulting in an exponential growth in usage and services. These advancements made the radio frequency spectrum a scarce resource, and consequently, its efficient use is of the ultimate importance. To cope with the growing demand, network design focused on increasing the spectral efficiency by making use of advancement in Cognitive Radio technology. Cognitive Radio can reduce the spectrum shortage problem by enabling unlicensed users equipped with Cognitive Radios to reuse and share the licensed spectrum bands. Using the fact that a Cognitive Radio is capable of sensing the environmental conditions and automatically adapting its operating parameters in order to enhance network performance, we would like to make use of its knowledge to predict the mobility of Cognitive Radio users to improve the overall performance of the Cognitive Radio network. This study makes novel use of mobility prediction techniques to enhance reliability, bandwidth efficiency and scalability of the cognitive radio networks. Firstly, prediction techniques are evaluated and compared for prediction accuracy. Secondly, routing protocol reliability, efficiency and scalability performances are evaluated under different prediction techniques. Simulation results verify the performance improvements even with moderate accuracy predictors. Results clearly show that hybrid Markov CDF prediction performs the best. When compared with no prediction it significantly improves average reliability and efficiency by 11% and 8%, respectively.
无线技术使日益多样化的应用程序和设备的发展成为可能,从而导致使用和服务的指数级增长。这些进步使无线电频谱成为一种稀缺资源,因此,它的有效利用是至关重要的。为了应对日益增长的需求,网络设计的重点是利用认知无线电技术的进步来提高频谱效率。认知无线电可以使配备认知无线电的未授权用户重用和共享已授权的频段,从而减少频谱短缺问题。利用认知无线电能够感知环境条件并自动调整其运行参数以提高网络性能的事实,我们希望利用认知无线电的知识来预测认知无线电用户的移动性,以提高认知无线电网络的整体性能。本研究新颖地利用移动性预测技术来提高认知无线网络的可靠性、带宽效率和可扩展性。首先,对预测技术的预测精度进行了评价和比较。其次,在不同的预测技术下,评估了路由协议的可靠性、效率和可扩展性性能。仿真结果验证了即使使用中等精度的预测器也能提高性能。结果清楚地表明,混合马尔可夫CDF预测效果最好。与没有预测相比,它的平均可靠性和效率分别提高了11%和8%。
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引用次数: 42
Low-power baseband processing for wireless multimedia systems using unequal error protection 采用不等错误保护的无线多媒体系统的低功耗基带处理
Pub Date : 2010-04-21 DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2010.5479633
Yoon Seok Yang, G. Choi
This paper presents a low-power baseband-video joint decoder design using a novel unequal error protection (UEP) scheme for wireless telecommunications. This method is developed for H.264 layered (data partitioned) video transmission over low density parity check (LDPC) codec. We exploit the fact that not all transmitted data require the same level of error protection; this is known as unequal error protection. In particular, we use a variable iteration LDPC decoding scheme along with H.264 data partitioning (DP). In this scheme, we determine and use variable iterations that are needed by the LDPC baseband decoder to achieve pre-specified image qualities at the receiver and apply power gating to minimize energy consumption.
提出了一种基于非等错保护(UEP)的低功耗基带视频联合解码器的设计方案。该方法是针对H.264低密度奇偶校验(LDPC)编解码器的分层(数据分区)视频传输而开发的。我们利用了并非所有传输的数据都需要相同级别的错误保护这一事实;这就是所谓的不等错误保护。特别地,我们使用可变迭代LDPC解码方案以及H.264数据分区(DP)。在该方案中,我们确定并使用LDPC基带解码器所需的可变迭代,以在接收器上实现预先指定的图像质量,并应用功率门控以最大限度地减少能耗。
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引用次数: 1
Unified 3GPP and 3GPP2 turbo encoder FPGA implementation using run-time partial reconfiguration 统一3GPP和3GPP2 turbo编码器的FPGA实现,使用运行时部分重构
Pub Date : 2010-04-21 DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2010.5479671
Shikha Tripathi, R. Mathur, J. Arya
One key objective of Software Defined radio is to implement multiple standards on common hardware. This can be achieved by partial reconfiguration of Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA) in which some part of the FPGA remains active while other gets reconfigured. This paper proposes partially reconfigurable design of unified turbo encoder of two 3G standards-3GPP and 3GPP2 on FPGA Xilinx Virtex- IV. The design shows substantial improvement in hardware implementation of the interleavers over the previous designs. In order to achieve the best possible results with partial reconfiguration, maximum common functionality from both the turbo encoders has been identified and a unified architecture has been proposed. Novel ways have been devised to perform the computationally intensive operations of the 3GPP interleaver with minimal hardware requirement and least possible number of clock cycles.
软件定义无线电的一个关键目标是在通用硬件上实现多种标准。这可以通过部分重新配置现场可编程门阵列(FPGA)来实现,其中FPGA的某些部分保持活跃,而其他部分被重新配置。本文提出了在Xilinx Virtex- IV FPGA上实现3gpp和3GPP2两种3G标准统一turbo编码器的部分可重构设计。该设计在交织器的硬件实现上比以往的设计有了很大的改进。为了实现部分重构的最佳结果,已经确定了两个涡轮编码器的最大共同功能,并提出了一个统一的架构。已经设计了新的方法来执行3GPP交织器的计算密集型操作,具有最小的硬件要求和尽可能少的时钟周期。
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引用次数: 5
A polynomial phasing scheme to realize minimum crest factor for multicarrier transmission 一种实现多载波传输波峰系数最小的多项式相位方案
Pub Date : 2010-04-21 DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2010.5479634
Yanyan Wu
High peak-to-average power ratio (PAPR) in multi-carrier systems such as OFDM can significantly reduce power efficiency and performance. Existing methods to mitigate this problem are known in three major categories, i.e. clipping /filtering, convex optimisation and stochastic approach. In this paper, a polynomial phasing scheme is proposed to achieve maximum PAPR reduction for a multicarrier OFDM signal. Using this scheme, each subcarrier phase is adjusted by a polynomial function of the subcarrier index. The coefficients of such polynomial function can be determined at the transmitter by a search method, and can be conveyed using existing pilot tones. The scheme promising maximum PAPR reduction with no distortion to the spectral mask or loss in data rate requires little change to existing OFDM standards.
在OFDM等多载波系统中,较高的峰均功率比(PAPR)会显著降低系统的功率效率和性能。缓解这一问题的现有方法主要有三大类,即裁剪/滤波、凸优化和随机方法。为了最大限度地降低多载波OFDM信号的PAPR,本文提出了一种多项式相位方案。利用该方案,每个子载波相位由子载波指数的多项式函数来调整。该多项式函数的系数可以在发射机通过搜索方法确定,并且可以使用现有的导频音进行传输。该方案承诺最大限度地降低PAPR,而不会对频谱掩模造成失真或数据速率损失,对现有的OFDM标准几乎没有改变。
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引用次数: 1
Decision feedback channel estimation for Alamouti coded OFDM-MIMO systems Alamouti编码OFDM-MIMO系统的决策反馈信道估计
Pub Date : 2010-04-21 DOI: 10.1109/WTS.2010.5479648
M. Hoseinzade, K. Mohamed-Pour, S. Andargoli, A. Gharanjik
In this paper, we propose a new channel estimation algorithm for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) systems. For fast fading environment, we introduce a new method which is extended to the Alamouti Coded OFDM case. At the first stage of this algorithm, the channel response is estimated for pilot sub-carriers and then, the channel response for data sub-carriers are interpolated by Gaussian Radial Basis function as it is an efficient nonlinear interpolator. The post-processing and filtering on the estimated channel taps energy are proposed to improve the estimation performance and reduce the noise effects of primary estimation, which is caused by LS estimation at pilot data. The accuracy of our channel estimation algorithm is improved by using iterative decision feedback. The decision feedback method is used to update channel parameters in each OFDM symbol. The effectiveness of new techniques is demonstrated through the simulation of an Alamouti coded OFDM system with two-transmit and two-receive antennas. Finally, the results are analyzed and compared with previous algorithms which show performance enhancement.
本文提出了一种新的正交频分复用(OFDM)系统信道估计算法。针对快速衰落环境,提出了一种新的方法,并将其推广到Alamouti编码OFDM的情况。该算法首先估计导频子载波的信道响应,然后利用高斯径向基函数对数据子载波的信道响应进行插值,因为它是一种有效的非线性插值器。提出了对估计的信道抽头能量进行后处理和滤波,以提高估计性能,降低导频数据LS估计引起的初级估计噪声影响。利用迭代决策反馈提高了信道估计算法的精度。采用决策反馈方法对每个OFDM符号中的信道参数进行更新。通过对具有双发射双接收天线的Alamouti编码OFDM系统的仿真,验证了新技术的有效性。最后,对结果进行了分析,并与以往的算法进行了比较,结果表明算法的性能有所提高。
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引用次数: 5
期刊
2010 Wireless Telecommunications Symposium (WTS)
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