The treatment of coagulated greywater from a small household was investigated. The processes of oxidation of organic compounds with hydrogen peroxide combined with ultraviolet radiation (H 2 O 2 /UV) was described. Greywater with various initial COD and TOC concentrations was used in the H 2 O 2 /UV process. The process parameters were hydrogen peroxide doses 0.5–4.0 kg H 2 O 2 /m 3 , UV (254 nm) light intensity 75.5 W/m 2 and irradiation time – 1 h. The oxidation efficiency varied broadly from 15 to 98% and higher COD values corresponded to lower oxidation efficiencies. The average hydrogen peroxide consumption per kg of COD w was = 12.2 g H 2 O 2 /g O 2 COD, while per TOC it was w ′ = 69.0 g H 2 O 2 /g C. The experiments enabled one to developed mathematical models for coagulation and oxidation kinetics. The models showed that at the initial COD = 859 g O 2 /m 3 , the coagulant dose of 100 g Al 3+ /m 3 , the hydrogen peroxide dose of 4 kg H 2 O 2 /m 3 and the UV irradiation time of 3 h it is possible to decrease the COD by 98.4%.
对某小户生活污水的混凝处理进行了研究。介绍了过氧化氢与紫外线(h2o2 /UV)联合氧化有机化合物的过程。采用不同初始COD和TOC浓度的灰水进行h2o2 /UV工艺。工艺参数为:过氧化氢用量0.5 ~ 4.0 kg h2o2 / m3, UV (254 nm)光照强度75.5 W/ m2，照射时间- 1 H。氧化效率在15% ~ 98%之间变化较大，COD值越高，氧化效率越低。每公斤COD的平均过氧化氢消耗量w = 12.2 g h2o2 /g o2 COD，而每TOC的平均过氧化氢消耗量w = 69.0 g h2o2 /g c。实验使人们能够建立凝血和氧化动力学的数学模型。模型表明，在初始COD = 859 g O 2 /m 3、混凝剂投加量为100 g Al 3+ /m 3、过氧化氢投加量为4 kg H 2 O 2 /m 3、紫外照射时间为3 H时，COD可降低98.4%。
{"title":"Photochemical oxidation model of organic pollutants in greywater from a small household","authors":"A. Bielski","doi":"10.37190/epe200107","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/epe200107","url":null,"abstract":"The treatment of coagulated greywater from a small household was investigated. The processes of oxidation of organic compounds with hydrogen peroxide combined with ultraviolet radiation (H 2 O 2 /UV) was described. Greywater with various initial COD and TOC concentrations was used in the H 2 O 2 /UV process. The process parameters were hydrogen peroxide doses 0.5–4.0 kg H 2 O 2 /m 3 , UV (254 nm) light intensity 75.5 W/m 2 and irradiation time – 1 h. The oxidation efficiency varied broadly from 15 to 98% and higher COD values corresponded to lower oxidation efficiencies. The average hydrogen peroxide consumption per kg of COD w was = 12.2 g H 2 O 2 /g O 2 COD, while per TOC it was w ′ = 69.0 g H 2 O 2 /g C. The experiments enabled one to developed mathematical models for coagulation and oxidation kinetics. The models showed that at the initial COD = 859 g O 2 /m 3 , the coagulant dose of 100 g Al 3+ /m 3 , the hydrogen peroxide dose of 4 kg H 2 O 2 /m 3 and the UV irradiation time of 3 h it is possible to decrease the COD by 98.4%.","PeriodicalId":11709,"journal":{"name":"Environment Protection Engineering","volume":"95 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70005324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Hong Chen, Liangzu Peng, Wei Yanxiao, Lie Yu, Bo Jiang, Hong Wang, Guanlong Yu, Guijin Zhang
Isobutanol in waste gas streams was treated by a tubular biofilter (TBF) which continuously operated for 364 days under various organic loading rate ( OLR ) from 11 g·m –3 ·h –1 to 66 g·m –3 ·h –1 . Results show that within 60 days, the TBF successfully started up even after changing the OLR from 31.3 to 15.6 g·m –3 ·h –1 . The average removal efficiencies ( RE s) were totally higher than 90% when OLR s ranged from 12.14 to 66.45 g·m –3 ·h –1 . Two distinct performance deterioration periods were observed at days 186–253 and days 280–334, both of which recovered without additional measurement. During these periods, the larvae and adult moth flies, been identified as Psychodinae infested the TBF, greatly affected the TBF performance. When the number of adult Psychodinae decreased, TBF performance recovered. The elimination capacity ( EC ) was 60.42 g·m –3 ·h –1 at the inlet OLR of 66.45 g·m –3 ·h –1 , with the critical EC being around 50 g·m –3 ·h –1 . Even under a low gas empty bed residence time of 15 s, the preferable RE s and EC s under middle or low OLR s were still obtained by the TBF.
{"title":"Tubular biofilter treatment of isobutanol emissions under various organic loading rates","authors":"Hong Chen, Liangzu Peng, Wei Yanxiao, Lie Yu, Bo Jiang, Hong Wang, Guanlong Yu, Guijin Zhang","doi":"10.37190/epe200102","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/epe200102","url":null,"abstract":"Isobutanol in waste gas streams was treated by a tubular biofilter (TBF) which continuously operated for 364 days under various organic loading rate ( OLR ) from 11 g·m –3 ·h –1 to 66 g·m –3 ·h –1 . Results show that within 60 days, the TBF successfully started up even after changing the OLR from 31.3 to 15.6 g·m –3 ·h –1 . The average removal efficiencies ( RE s) were totally higher than 90% when OLR s ranged from 12.14 to 66.45 g·m –3 ·h –1 . Two distinct performance deterioration periods were observed at days 186–253 and days 280–334, both of which recovered without additional measurement. During these periods, the larvae and adult moth flies, been identified as Psychodinae infested the TBF, greatly affected the TBF performance. When the number of adult Psychodinae decreased, TBF performance recovered. The elimination capacity ( EC ) was 60.42 g·m –3 ·h –1 at the inlet OLR of 66.45 g·m –3 ·h –1 , with the critical EC being around 50 g·m –3 ·h –1 . Even under a low gas empty bed residence time of 15 s, the preferable RE s and EC s under middle or low OLR s were still obtained by the TBF.","PeriodicalId":11709,"journal":{"name":"Environment Protection Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70005691","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Chromium (VI) uptake and resistance by Pichia Kudriavzeii AM-4 and Candida sp. PSM-33 and their potential use in wastewater treatment plants","authors":"Sidra Ilyas, D. A. Bukhari, A. Rehman","doi":"10.37190/epe200404","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/epe200404","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11709,"journal":{"name":"Environment Protection Engineering","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70006063","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Feasibility of using municipal solid wastes rejected fractions as fuel in a biomass power plant","authors":"I. Brás, Elisabete Silva, L. Lemos","doi":"10.37190/epe200204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/epe200204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11709,"journal":{"name":"Environment Protection Engineering","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70005475","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Assessment of the municipal waste collection process on the basis of irregularities notifications sent by residents – A case study in Wroclaw, Poland","authors":"A. Dąbrowska, R. Giel, M. Plewa","doi":"10.37190/epe200206","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/epe200206","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11709,"journal":{"name":"Environment Protection Engineering","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70005500","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Chen Chen, T. Cheng, Xiao Zhang, Min-te Zhang, Rui Lv
This work focuses on the surface modification of fly ash spheroidal particles and their application in phosphorus and chromium(VI) adsorption. The results show that through surface modification, amorphous silica-alumina gels precipitated on the spheroidal particle surface (by which the microsurface area of the reaction products is effectively enlarged) and the surface zeta potential was changed to fit for adsorbing anions. During the adsorption experiment (single and competitive solute systems), chromium(VI) was easier to adsorb. The surface zeta potential and the existence of competitive ions should be recognized as two important factors affecting adsorption efficiency. A higher temperature could improve the adsorption efficiencies of the two solute systems. The fitting results of the pseudosecond-order model (single and competitive solute systems) show better agreement than those of the pseudo-first-order model at every temperature. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation can better simulate the adsorption process in single solute sy039stems, but only the chromium(VI) adsorption process can be fitted by the competitive Langmuir adsorption isotherm in competitive solute systems.
{"title":"Surface modification of fly ash spheroidal particles and their application in the adsorption of phosphorus and chromium(VI) from single and competitive solute systems","authors":"Chen Chen, T. Cheng, Xiao Zhang, Min-te Zhang, Rui Lv","doi":"10.37190/EPE200303","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/EPE200303","url":null,"abstract":"This work focuses on the surface modification of fly ash spheroidal particles and their application in phosphorus and chromium(VI) adsorption. The results show that through surface modification, amorphous silica-alumina gels precipitated on the spheroidal particle surface (by which the microsurface area of the reaction products is effectively enlarged) and the surface zeta potential was changed to fit for adsorbing anions. During the adsorption experiment (single and competitive solute systems), chromium(VI) was easier to adsorb. The surface zeta potential and the existence of competitive ions should be recognized as two important factors affecting adsorption efficiency. A higher temperature could improve the adsorption efficiencies of the two solute systems. The fitting results of the pseudosecond-order model (single and competitive solute systems) show better agreement than those of the pseudo-first-order model at every temperature. The Langmuir adsorption isotherm equation can better simulate the adsorption process in single solute sy039stems, but only the chromium(VI) adsorption process can be fitted by the competitive Langmuir adsorption isotherm in competitive solute systems.","PeriodicalId":11709,"journal":{"name":"Environment Protection Engineering","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2020-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70005880","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The effectiveness of reclamation activities in a tailing pond has been evaluated by the application of mineral and organic substances and remediation plants with water absorbing geocomposites. The research was conducted on the tailing pond of the former copper mine in Iwiny, Poland, basing on a strict, trifactorial experiment set up with the use of the split-split-plot method with 4 replications. The main experimental factors were the variants of substrate modification, various species (or mixtures) of reclamation plants and the presence of water absorbing geocomposites. The conducted experiments did not demonstrate a significant influence of various types of tailing additives. The usability of individual species of reclamation grass or their mixtures for the reclamation was similar. Water absorbing geocomposites contributed to the improvement of difficult vegetation conditions that occur in tailing ponds.
{"title":"Phytostabilisation of tailing ponds with use of water absorbing geocomposites and organic and mineral additives","authors":"P. Kuc, L. Kordas, K. Lejcuś","doi":"10.37190/EPE190106","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/EPE190106","url":null,"abstract":"The effectiveness of reclamation activities in a tailing pond has been evaluated by the application of mineral and organic substances and remediation plants with water absorbing geocomposites. The research was conducted on the tailing pond of the former copper mine in Iwiny, Poland, basing on a strict, trifactorial experiment set up with the use of the split-split-plot method with 4 replications. The main experimental factors were the variants of substrate modification, various species (or mixtures) of reclamation plants and the presence of water absorbing geocomposites. The conducted experiments did not demonstrate a significant influence of various types of tailing additives. The usability of individual species of reclamation grass or their mixtures for the reclamation was similar. Water absorbing geocomposites contributed to the improvement of difficult vegetation conditions that occur in tailing ponds.","PeriodicalId":11709,"journal":{"name":"Environment Protection Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70004892","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
W. Yang, W. Zhou, Wen-xin Wan, Shuzhen Gou, J. Zhang, S. Deng, F. Shen, Y.J. Wang, H. Yang, L. Luo
{"title":"Assessing soil environmental capacity on different land uses in a suburban area of Chengdu, China","authors":"W. Yang, W. Zhou, Wen-xin Wan, Shuzhen Gou, J. Zhang, S. Deng, F. Shen, Y.J. Wang, H. Yang, L. Luo","doi":"10.37190/epe190204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/epe190204","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11709,"journal":{"name":"Environment Protection Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70005365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on the analysis of the modernization activities of the pool water treatment technology in a selected indoor swimming pool, the results of water quality improvement have been presented. The analysis of water quality parameters, operating parameters and in-house research that has been carried out in this pool for many years allowed us to evaluate the effects of modernization on water quality improvement, with special consideration of chloramine content in pool water (as a disinfection by product). The results of the research have been analyzed in terms of the current sanitary and hygienic guidelines for swimming pools.
{"title":"Effects of modernization of the water treatment system in a selected swimming pool","authors":"J. Wyczarska-Kokot, M. Dudziak, A. Lempart","doi":"10.37190/epe190103","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/epe190103","url":null,"abstract":"Based on the analysis of the modernization activities of the pool water treatment technology in a selected indoor swimming pool, the results of water quality improvement have been presented. The analysis of water quality parameters, operating parameters and in-house research that has been carried out in this pool for many years allowed us to evaluate the effects of modernization on water quality improvement, with special consideration of chloramine content in pool water (as a disinfection by product). The results of the research have been analyzed in terms of the current sanitary and hygienic guidelines for swimming pools.","PeriodicalId":11709,"journal":{"name":"Environment Protection Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70005232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Quaternary ammonium salts (QASs) such as 1-methyl-di-nonyl-1 phenyl ammonium iodide (QAS1) and 1-methyl-di-dodecyl-1 phenyl ammonium iodide (QAS2) were newly synthesized by complete alkylation reaction for modification of sodium montmorillonite (Mt). The sodium montmorillonite was modified via an ion-exchange reaction with QAS1 and QAS2, and two organoclays, Mt1 and Mt2, have been obtained. The synthesized quaternary ammonium salts were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The organoclays (Mt1 and Mt2) were characterized by a range of methods including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption capacities of the synthesized organo-montmorillonites for the hydrophobic organic pollutant 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) have been evaluated. The distances between the organoclay layers showed a much better opening than that reported in the literature. The results show that the adsorption capacity increased in the order Mt2 > Mt1. The adsorption capacities of Mt1 and Mt2 for 4-NP were 77% and 81%, respectively.
{"title":"Application of surfactant-modified montmorillonite in nitrophenol removal by adsorption","authors":"Gülay Baysal","doi":"10.37190/EPE190202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.37190/EPE190202","url":null,"abstract":"Quaternary ammonium salts (QASs) such as 1-methyl-di-nonyl-1 phenyl ammonium iodide (QAS1) and 1-methyl-di-dodecyl-1 phenyl ammonium iodide (QAS2) were newly synthesized by complete alkylation reaction for modification of sodium montmorillonite (Mt). The sodium montmorillonite was modified via an ion-exchange reaction with QAS1 and QAS2, and two organoclays, Mt1 and Mt2, have been obtained. The synthesized quaternary ammonium salts were analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopy (NMR). The organoclays (Mt1 and Mt2) were characterized by a range of methods including X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM). The adsorption capacities of the synthesized organo-montmorillonites for the hydrophobic organic pollutant 4-nitrophenol (4-NP) have been evaluated. The distances between the organoclay layers showed a much better opening than that reported in the literature. The results show that the adsorption capacity increased in the order Mt2 > Mt1. The adsorption capacities of Mt1 and Mt2 for 4-NP were 77% and 81%, respectively.","PeriodicalId":11709,"journal":{"name":"Environment Protection Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.6,"publicationDate":"2019-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70005348","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"环境科学与生态学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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