Pub Date : 2023-07-23DOI: 10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-2-8-19
E. Ageev, A. Pereverzev, V. Yemelyanov, V. V. Serebrovsky
Purpose. Study of the composition, structure and properties of antifriction alloys based on the electroerosion charge of bronze BrO5C25 obtained in a carbon–containing medium lighting kerosene.Methods. Dispersion of the waste of the BrO5S25 alloy was carried out at an installation for electrodispersing electrically conductive materials. The waste of the BrO5C25 alloy was used as metal waste. Lighting kerosene was used as the working fluid.As a result of exposure to short-term electrical discharges between the electrodes and the waste, their destruction occurred with the formation of fine particles. To obtain compacted materials, a Herzog TP 20 manual table press was used. Modern equipment and complementary methods of physical materials science were used to study the composition, structure and properties of the sintered products obtained.Results. Surface analysis showed that the alloys have a fine-grained structure, uniform phase distribution and a small number of pores. The analysis of the elemental composition found that carbon is contained on the surface of the new alloys, and all other elements Sn, Cu and Pb are distributed relatively evenly. The analysis of the studied alloys showed the presence of phases in them: Cu, CuSn, SnO, CuO, PbO, Pb. There are no carbide-forming elements in the alloy. It has been experimentally established that the composition, structure and properties of the charge dispersed by electroerosion of bronze BrO5C25 affect the tribological properties of the alloy blanks. In particular, the presence of free carbon in the alloy from the electroerosion charge obtained in kerosene, which acts as a solid lubricant, leads to a decrease in the coefficient of friction.Conclusion. It is shown that alloys obtained from an electroerosive charge have higher microhardness values in comparison with an alloy obtained from an industrially used charge. A significant increase in the microhardness of alloys is explained by the presence of highly hard particles formed during the quenching of metal vapors in the working fluid during dispersion. The presence of small fractions in electroerosive materials contributes to an increase in the density of compressions and a decrease in the porosity of workpieces.
{"title":"Composition, Structure and Properties of Antifriction Alloys Based on the Charge Obtained by Electrodispersion of Bronze Waste BrO5C25 in Kerosene","authors":"E. Ageev, A. Pereverzev, V. Yemelyanov, V. V. Serebrovsky","doi":"10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-2-8-19","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-2-8-19","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Study of the composition, structure and properties of antifriction alloys based on the electroerosion charge of bronze BrO5C25 obtained in a carbon–containing medium lighting kerosene.Methods. Dispersion of the waste of the BrO5S25 alloy was carried out at an installation for electrodispersing electrically conductive materials. The waste of the BrO5C25 alloy was used as metal waste. Lighting kerosene was used as the working fluid.As a result of exposure to short-term electrical discharges between the electrodes and the waste, their destruction occurred with the formation of fine particles. To obtain compacted materials, a Herzog TP 20 manual table press was used. Modern equipment and complementary methods of physical materials science were used to study the composition, structure and properties of the sintered products obtained.Results. Surface analysis showed that the alloys have a fine-grained structure, uniform phase distribution and a small number of pores. The analysis of the elemental composition found that carbon is contained on the surface of the new alloys, and all other elements Sn, Cu and Pb are distributed relatively evenly. The analysis of the studied alloys showed the presence of phases in them: Cu, CuSn, SnO, CuO, PbO, Pb. There are no carbide-forming elements in the alloy. It has been experimentally established that the composition, structure and properties of the charge dispersed by electroerosion of bronze BrO5C25 affect the tribological properties of the alloy blanks. In particular, the presence of free carbon in the alloy from the electroerosion charge obtained in kerosene, which acts as a solid lubricant, leads to a decrease in the coefficient of friction.Conclusion. It is shown that alloys obtained from an electroerosive charge have higher microhardness values in comparison with an alloy obtained from an industrially used charge. A significant increase in the microhardness of alloys is explained by the presence of highly hard particles formed during the quenching of metal vapors in the working fluid during dispersion. The presence of small fractions in electroerosive materials contributes to an increase in the density of compressions and a decrease in the porosity of workpieces.","PeriodicalId":117184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technology","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122206262","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-23DOI: 10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-2-55-69
I. V. Minaev, S. N. Kutepov, D. S. Klementyev, E. Ageev, D. V. Zhurba
The purpose of the work was to study the effect of laser modification of the cutting edge on changes in the structure and mechanical properties of the surface layer of parts made of hot–rolled structural carbon steels of grades 20, 35, 45 using a fiber laser.Methods. Structural carbon steels of grades 20, 35, 45 were selected as the objects of the study. To study the effect of laser modification on changes in the structure and mechanical properties of machine parts using laser cutting, special samples were made in the form of plates with a thickness of 2 mm (st20 and st45) and 4 mm (st35). After gas laser cutting, laser modification of the Q-switch cutting edge was performed with a fiber pulsed laser.Results. The regularities of changes in the structure of the zone of gas-laser thermal exposure after laser treatment (cutting, modification) are revealed. It has been established that repeated laser treatment (laser modification) of the cutting edge does not lead to a change in the structural components and microhardness in the zone of gas-laser thermal effects obtained after laser cutting. It has been established that the nature of the microhardness change is the same for all the studied steel grades: the highest values are reached near the surface of gas-laser treatment and are, for example, for steel grade 35 470-560 HV, which is 3,2-3,9 times greater than the initial microhardness (145 HV). Thus, a hardened layer with increased wear resistance is formed on the surface of the part after laser treatment. It is shown that the use of laser surface modification as an additional operation in the manufacture of parts by laser cutting makes it possible to improve the quality (roughness) of the surface layer. At the same time, the greatest effect of reducing roughness is given by laser modification in three passes along the X-Y plane.Conclusion. The results obtained can be used in the creation of resource-saving material processing processes.
{"title":"Formation of A Hardened Surface Layer Under Complex Laser Action on the Cutting Edge of Parts Made of Structural Carbon Steels","authors":"I. V. Minaev, S. N. Kutepov, D. S. Klementyev, E. Ageev, D. V. Zhurba","doi":"10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-2-55-69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-2-55-69","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work was to study the effect of laser modification of the cutting edge on changes in the structure and mechanical properties of the surface layer of parts made of hot–rolled structural carbon steels of grades 20, 35, 45 using a fiber laser.Methods. Structural carbon steels of grades 20, 35, 45 were selected as the objects of the study. To study the effect of laser modification on changes in the structure and mechanical properties of machine parts using laser cutting, special samples were made in the form of plates with a thickness of 2 mm (st20 and st45) and 4 mm (st35). After gas laser cutting, laser modification of the Q-switch cutting edge was performed with a fiber pulsed laser.Results. The regularities of changes in the structure of the zone of gas-laser thermal exposure after laser treatment (cutting, modification) are revealed. It has been established that repeated laser treatment (laser modification) of the cutting edge does not lead to a change in the structural components and microhardness in the zone of gas-laser thermal effects obtained after laser cutting. It has been established that the nature of the microhardness change is the same for all the studied steel grades: the highest values are reached near the surface of gas-laser treatment and are, for example, for steel grade 35 470-560 HV, which is 3,2-3,9 times greater than the initial microhardness (145 HV). Thus, a hardened layer with increased wear resistance is formed on the surface of the part after laser treatment. It is shown that the use of laser surface modification as an additional operation in the manufacture of parts by laser cutting makes it possible to improve the quality (roughness) of the surface layer. At the same time, the greatest effect of reducing roughness is given by laser modification in three passes along the X-Y plane.Conclusion. The results obtained can be used in the creation of resource-saving material processing processes.","PeriodicalId":117184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121138810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-23DOI: 10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-2-20-42
А. М. Alimzhanova, Z. Eremeeva, A. V. Nozhkina, V. Levina, N. Nitkin, V. L. Orlov
The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of nanosized additives on the structure and properties of the T15K6 hard alloy.Methods. These studies were carried out using an S-3400N electron microscope. The mechanical and physical properties of the structure of a hard alloy of the WC-TiC-Co system were studied using the example of T15K6 when nanosized tungsten powder and nanosized tungsten carbide powder with cobalt deposited on it were introduced into the initial charge using an optical and electron microscope; An X-ray spectrum analysis of the obtained samples of the T15K6 hard alloy was carried out on a DRON-4 X-ray diffractometer.Results. A hard alloy of the WC-TiC-Co system was studied with the introduction of nanosized tungsten powder into the initial charge, as well as with the introduction of nanosized tungsten carbide with cobalt deposited on its surface.In the work, the used powders of tungsten, nano-tungsten, cobalt, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, nano-powder of tungsten carbide were studied, and the microstructure of the obtained hard alloys was also studied. It is shown that the coercive force of the T15K6 alloy depends on the size of the cobalt phase regions in the alloy; measuring its value makes it possible to judge the size of carbide grains. To improve the strength properties of hard alloys of the WC-TiCCo system, it is recommended to introduce nanosized WC additives or WC nanopowder with deposited cobalt.Conclusion. To improve the strength properties of hard alloys of the WC-TiC-Co system, it is recommended to introduce nanosized WC additives or WC nanopowder with deposited cobalt. The introduction of these additives into the composition of the powder charge of the T15K6 hard alloy leads to an increase in the ultimate bending strength by 15%. The introduction of nanosized WC additives or WC nanopowder with deposited cobalt makes it possible to obtain a fine-grained structure with a grain size of no more than 4–6 μm.
{"title":"Influence of Powder Charge Composition on the Structure and Properties of T15K6 Hard Alloy","authors":"А. М. Alimzhanova, Z. Eremeeva, A. V. Nozhkina, V. Levina, N. Nitkin, V. L. Orlov","doi":"10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-2-20-42","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21869/2223-1528-2023-13-2-20-42","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the study is to determine the effect of nanosized additives on the structure and properties of the T15K6 hard alloy.Methods. These studies were carried out using an S-3400N electron microscope. The mechanical and physical properties of the structure of a hard alloy of the WC-TiC-Co system were studied using the example of T15K6 when nanosized tungsten powder and nanosized tungsten carbide powder with cobalt deposited on it were introduced into the initial charge using an optical and electron microscope; An X-ray spectrum analysis of the obtained samples of the T15K6 hard alloy was carried out on a DRON-4 X-ray diffractometer.Results. A hard alloy of the WC-TiC-Co system was studied with the introduction of nanosized tungsten powder into the initial charge, as well as with the introduction of nanosized tungsten carbide with cobalt deposited on its surface.In the work, the used powders of tungsten, nano-tungsten, cobalt, titanium carbide, tungsten carbide, nano-powder of tungsten carbide were studied, and the microstructure of the obtained hard alloys was also studied. It is shown that the coercive force of the T15K6 alloy depends on the size of the cobalt phase regions in the alloy; measuring its value makes it possible to judge the size of carbide grains. To improve the strength properties of hard alloys of the WC-TiCCo system, it is recommended to introduce nanosized WC additives or WC nanopowder with deposited cobalt.Conclusion. To improve the strength properties of hard alloys of the WC-TiC-Co system, it is recommended to introduce nanosized WC additives or WC nanopowder with deposited cobalt. The introduction of these additives into the composition of the powder charge of the T15K6 hard alloy leads to an increase in the ultimate bending strength by 15%. The introduction of nanosized WC additives or WC nanopowder with deposited cobalt makes it possible to obtain a fine-grained structure with a grain size of no more than 4–6 μm.","PeriodicalId":117184,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the Southwest State University. Series: Engineering and Technology","volume":"2056 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129811884","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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