Aliasing is a vital concept of programming, but it comes with a plethora of challenging issues, such as the problems related to race safety. This has motivated years of research, and promising solutions such as ownership or linear types have found their way into modern programming languages. Unfortunately, most current approaches are restrictive. In particular, they often enforce a single-writer constraint, which prohibits the creation of mutable self-referential structures. While this constraint is often indispensable in the context of preemptive multithreading, it can be worked around in the case of single threaded programs. With the recent resurgence of cooperative multitasking, where processes voluntarily share control over a single execution thread, this appears to be interesting trade-off. In this paper, we propose a type system that relaxes the usual single-writer constraint for single threaded programs, without sacrificing race safety properties. We present it in the form of a simple reference-based language, for which we provide a formal semantics, as well as an interpreter.
{"title":"A practical type system for safe aliasing","authors":"Dimitri Racordon, Didier Buchs","doi":"10.1145/3276604.3276612","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276604.3276612","url":null,"abstract":"Aliasing is a vital concept of programming, but it comes with a plethora of challenging issues, such as the problems related to race safety. This has motivated years of research, and promising solutions such as ownership or linear types have found their way into modern programming languages. Unfortunately, most current approaches are restrictive. In particular, they often enforce a single-writer constraint, which prohibits the creation of mutable self-referential structures. While this constraint is often indispensable in the context of preemptive multithreading, it can be worked around in the case of single threaded programs. With the recent resurgence of cooperative multitasking, where processes voluntarily share control over a single execution thread, this appears to be interesting trade-off. In this paper, we propose a type system that relaxes the usual single-writer constraint for single threaded programs, without sacrificing race safety properties. We present it in the form of a simple reference-based language, for which we provide a formal semantics, as well as an interpreter.","PeriodicalId":117525,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117211393","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
L. E. D. S. Amorim, M. Steindorfer, Sebastian Erdweg, E. Visser
In layout-sensitive languages, the indentation of an expression or statement can influence how a program is parsed. While some of these languages (e.g., Haskell and Python) have been widely adopted, there is little support for software language engineers in building tools for layout-sensitive languages. As a result, parsers, pretty-printers, program analyses, and refactoring tools often need to be handwritten, which decreases the maintainability and extensibility of these tools. Even state-of-the-art language workbenches have little support for layout-sensitive languages, restricting the development and prototyping of such languages. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to declarative specification of layout-sensitive languages using layout declarations. Layout declarations are high-level specifications of indentation rules that abstract from low-level technicalities. We show how to derive an efficient layout-sensitive generalized parser and a corresponding pretty-printer automatically from a language specification with layout declarations. We validate our approach in a case-study using a syntax definition for the Haskell programming language, investigating the performance of the generated parser and the correctness of the generated pretty-printer against 22191 Haskell files.
{"title":"Declarative specification of indentation rules: a tooling perspective on parsing and pretty-printing layout-sensitive languages","authors":"L. E. D. S. Amorim, M. Steindorfer, Sebastian Erdweg, E. Visser","doi":"10.1145/3276604.3276607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276604.3276607","url":null,"abstract":"In layout-sensitive languages, the indentation of an expression or statement can influence how a program is parsed. While some of these languages (e.g., Haskell and Python) have been widely adopted, there is little support for software language engineers in building tools for layout-sensitive languages. As a result, parsers, pretty-printers, program analyses, and refactoring tools often need to be handwritten, which decreases the maintainability and extensibility of these tools. Even state-of-the-art language workbenches have little support for layout-sensitive languages, restricting the development and prototyping of such languages. In this paper, we introduce a novel approach to declarative specification of layout-sensitive languages using layout declarations. Layout declarations are high-level specifications of indentation rules that abstract from low-level technicalities. We show how to derive an efficient layout-sensitive generalized parser and a corresponding pretty-printer automatically from a language specification with layout declarations. We validate our approach in a case-study using a syntax definition for the Haskell programming language, investigating the performance of the generated parser and the correctness of the generated pretty-printer against 22191 Haskell files.","PeriodicalId":117525,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129612051","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
F. Coulon, Thomas Degueule, T. Storm, B. Combemale
Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) manifest themselves in remarkably diverse shapes, ranging from internal DSLs embedded as a mere fluent API within a programming language, to external DSLs with dedicated syntax and tool support. Although different shapes have different pros and cons, combining them for a single language is problematic: language designers usually commit to a particular shape early in the design process, and it is hard to reconsider this choice later. In this new ideas paper, we envision a language engineering approach enabling (i) language users to manipulate language constructs in the most appropriate shape according to the task at hand, and (ii) language designers to combine the strengths of different technologies for a single DSL. We report on early experiments and lessons learned building , our prototype approach to this problem. We illustrate its applicability in the engineering of a simple shape-diverse DSL implemented conjointly in Rascal, EMF, and Java. We hope that our initial contribution will raise the awareness of the community and encourage future research.
{"title":"Shape-diverse DSLs: languages without borders (vision paper)","authors":"F. Coulon, Thomas Degueule, T. Storm, B. Combemale","doi":"10.1145/3276604.3276623","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276604.3276623","url":null,"abstract":"Domain-Specific Languages (DSLs) manifest themselves in remarkably diverse shapes, ranging from internal DSLs embedded as a mere fluent API within a programming language, to external DSLs with dedicated syntax and tool support. Although different shapes have different pros and cons, combining them for a single language is problematic: language designers usually commit to a particular shape early in the design process, and it is hard to reconsider this choice later. In this new ideas paper, we envision a language engineering approach enabling (i) language users to manipulate language constructs in the most appropriate shape according to the task at hand, and (ii) language designers to combine the strengths of different technologies for a single DSL. We report on early experiments and lessons learned building , our prototype approach to this problem. We illustrate its applicability in the engineering of a simple shape-diverse DSL implemented conjointly in Rascal, EMF, and Java. We hope that our initial contribution will raise the awareness of the community and encourage future research.","PeriodicalId":117525,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127600574","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arvid Butting, M. Dalibor, Gerrit Leonhardt, Bernhard Rumpe, A. Wortmann
A prime decision of engineering domain-specific languages (DSLs) is implementing these as external DSLs or internal DSLs. Agile language engineering benefits from easily switching between both shapes to provide rapidly developed prototypes before settling on a specific syntax. This switching, however, is rarely feasible due to the effort of re-implementing language tooling for both shapes. Current research in software language engineering focuses either on internal DSLs or external DSLs. We conceived a concept to automatically derive customizable internal DSLs from grammars that operate on the same abstract syntax as the external DSL. This supports reusing tooling (such as model checkers or code generators) between both shapes. We realized our concept with the MontiCore language workbench and Groovy as host language for internal DSLs. This concept is applicable to many grammar-based language definition
{"title":"Deriving fluent internal domain-specific languages from grammars","authors":"Arvid Butting, M. Dalibor, Gerrit Leonhardt, Bernhard Rumpe, A. Wortmann","doi":"10.1145/3276604.3276621","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276604.3276621","url":null,"abstract":"A prime decision of engineering domain-specific languages (DSLs) is implementing these as external DSLs or internal DSLs. Agile language engineering benefits from easily switching between both shapes to provide rapidly developed prototypes before settling on a specific syntax. This switching, however, is rarely feasible due to the effort of re-implementing language tooling for both shapes. Current research in software language engineering focuses either on internal DSLs or external DSLs. We conceived a concept to automatically derive customizable internal DSLs from grammars that operate on the same abstract syntax as the external DSL. This supports reusing tooling (such as model checkers or code generators) between both shapes. We realized our concept with the MontiCore language workbench and Groovy as host language for internal DSLs. This concept is applicable to many grammar-based language definition","PeriodicalId":117525,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131247897","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this paper, we introduce languages as first-class citizens as a sub-paradigm of language-oriented programming. In this approach, language definitions are in the context of a general purpose programming language with the same status as any other expression. In particular, language definitions are elevated to be run-time values, that can be assigned to variables, passed to functions, returned by functions, and inserted into lists, to name a few possibilities. This approach offers flexible features in the run-time creation and modification of languages, and may promote new idioms in language-oriented programming. As a proof of concept, we have designed and implemented lang-n-play, a functional language with languages as first-class citizens. We present the features of lang-n-play with an example, and show that they naturally enable dynamic programming scenarios.
{"title":"Languages as first-class citizens (vision paper)","authors":"M. Cimini","doi":"10.1145/3276604.3276983","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276604.3276983","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, we introduce languages as first-class citizens as a sub-paradigm of language-oriented programming. In this approach, language definitions are in the context of a general purpose programming language with the same status as any other expression. In particular, language definitions are elevated to be run-time values, that can be assigned to variables, passed to functions, returned by functions, and inserted into lists, to name a few possibilities. This approach offers flexible features in the run-time creation and modification of languages, and may promote new idioms in language-oriented programming. As a proof of concept, we have designed and implemented lang-n-play, a functional language with languages as first-class citizens. We present the features of lang-n-play with an example, and show that they naturally enable dynamic programming scenarios.","PeriodicalId":117525,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","volume":"51 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123639611","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Software correctness and security have been a central issue in the field for decades. Researchers have developed a wide range of approaches to these problems, none of which has solved these problems to date. In this talk I consider two very different approaches to solving correctness and security problems, failure-oblivious computing and domain-specific languages. I will discuss how these approaches (as well as others) interact with the cognitive limitations and available technical skills of the human population of software developers that currently must be part of any solution for it to be successful. I’ll conclude by outlining a new approach that, by deploying automated programming language technology in an appropriately targeted way, may interact more productively with the characteristics of the developer population as a whole.
{"title":"A new approach for software correctness and reliability (keynote)","authors":"M. Rinard","doi":"10.1145/3276604.3284957","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276604.3284957","url":null,"abstract":"Software correctness and security have been a central issue in the field for decades. Researchers have developed a wide range of approaches to these problems, none of which has solved these problems to date. In this talk I consider two very different approaches to solving correctness and security problems, failure-oblivious computing and domain-specific languages. I will discuss how these approaches (as well as others) interact with the cognitive limitations and available technical skills of the human population of software developers that currently must be part of any solution for it to be successful. I’ll conclude by outlining a new approach that, by deploying automated programming language technology in an appropriately targeted way, may interact more productively with the characteristics of the developer population as a whole.","PeriodicalId":117525,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130395739","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","authors":"","doi":"10.1145/3276604","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276604","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":117525,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","volume":"90 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130901000","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The goal of modular language development is to enable the definition of new languages as assemblies of pre-existing ones. Recent approaches in this area are plentiful but usually suffer from two main problems: either they do not support modular language composition both at the specification and implementation levels, or they require advanced knowledge of specific paradigms which hampers wide adoption in the industry. In this paper, we introduce a non-intrusive approach to modular development of language concerns with well-defined interfaces that can be composed modularly at the specification and implementation levels. We present an implementation of our approach atop the Eclipse Modeling Framework, namely Alex, an object-oriented meta-language for semantics definition and language composition. We evaluate Alex in the development of a new DSL for IoT systems modeling resulting from the composition of three independently defined languages (UML activity diagrams, Lua, and the OMG Interface Description Language). We evaluate the effort required to implement and compose these languages using Alex with regards to similar approaches of the literature.
{"title":"Modular language composition for the masses","authors":"Manuel Leduc, Thomas Degueule, B. Combemale","doi":"10.1145/3276604.3276622","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276604.3276622","url":null,"abstract":"The goal of modular language development is to enable the definition of new languages as assemblies of pre-existing ones. Recent approaches in this area are plentiful but usually suffer from two main problems: either they do not support modular language composition both at the specification and implementation levels, or they require advanced knowledge of specific paradigms which hampers wide adoption in the industry. In this paper, we introduce a non-intrusive approach to modular development of language concerns with well-defined interfaces that can be composed modularly at the specification and implementation levels. We present an implementation of our approach atop the Eclipse Modeling Framework, namely Alex, an object-oriented meta-language for semantics definition and language composition. We evaluate Alex in the development of a new DSL for IoT systems modeling resulting from the composition of three independently defined languages (UML activity diagrams, Lua, and the OMG Interface Description Language). We evaluate the effort required to implement and compose these languages using Alex with regards to similar approaches of the literature.","PeriodicalId":117525,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126773280","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Compiler construction is one of the oldest areas of software engineering, yet despite its maturity it has underdeveloped sides such as compiler testing. There exist many disparate methods for testing parsers, optimisers and other components, but no unified methodology that consumable by practitioners from a book to be directly applied to fulfil their needs. Instead of striving to cover all theoretical aspects of compiler testing in one paper, we present a case study for an ongoing project of a relatively large size for our company (2 years, 3--6 devs, 500kLOC), a clean room compiler development effort in replicating a 4GL. We built a testing framework and a model-based test data generator, which consumes manually written specifications and generates all the necessary test code in the 4GL, in the host language, and in auxiliary DSLs (batch files, XML project descriptions), to both the developers' and the customer's satisfaction. The number of specifications is 927 at the publication time, while the number of test cases generated from them, is 6268. All these tests have been run prior to shipping for the last 49 releases of the compiler, both to ensure the lack of regression and to report on the project overall progress. The generated tests are separated into 11 categories which the paper details in the hope that the classification will aid in seeking related work and in pushing this line of research forward.
{"title":"An industrial case study in compiler testing (tool demo)","authors":"V. Zaytsev","doi":"10.1145/3276604.3276619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276604.3276619","url":null,"abstract":"Compiler construction is one of the oldest areas of software engineering, yet despite its maturity it has underdeveloped sides such as compiler testing. There exist many disparate methods for testing parsers, optimisers and other components, but no unified methodology that consumable by practitioners from a book to be directly applied to fulfil their needs. Instead of striving to cover all theoretical aspects of compiler testing in one paper, we present a case study for an ongoing project of a relatively large size for our company (2 years, 3--6 devs, 500kLOC), a clean room compiler development effort in replicating a 4GL. We built a testing framework and a model-based test data generator, which consumes manually written specifications and generates all the necessary test code in the 4GL, in the host language, and in auxiliary DSLs (batch files, XML project descriptions), to both the developers' and the customer's satisfaction. The number of specifications is 927 at the publication time, while the number of test cases generated from them, is 6268. All these tests have been run prior to shipping for the last 49 releases of the compiler, both to ensure the lack of regression and to report on the project overall progress. The generated tests are separated into 11 categories which the paper details in the hope that the classification will aid in seeking related work and in pushing this line of research forward.","PeriodicalId":117525,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","volume":"11 2 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125645398","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Arvid Butting, Nico Jansen, Bernhard Rumpe, A. Wortmann
There is a software language engineering gap between metamodel-based languages and grammar-based languages. Grammars can support integrated definition of concrete syntax and abstract syntax, which facilitates processing models, but usually prevents reusing the variety of language tools operating on Ecore metamodels (such as editors, interpreters, debuggers, etc.). Existing work on translating grammars to Ecore metamodels features very cursory translations only, which requires re-engineering intricacies natural to grammars for the metamodels again. We conceived a translation from an EBNF-like syntax to Ecore metamodels that considers the grammars’ intricacies. This translation is realized as a fully automated toolchain from grammars into Ecore & OCL using the language workbench MontiCore. Using this translation enables grammar-based languages to leverage the benefits of Ecore-compatible language tools while supporting natural definition of concrete and abstract syntax.
{"title":"Translating grammars to accurate metamodels","authors":"Arvid Butting, Nico Jansen, Bernhard Rumpe, A. Wortmann","doi":"10.1145/3276604.3276605","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1145/3276604.3276605","url":null,"abstract":"There is a software language engineering gap between metamodel-based languages and grammar-based languages. Grammars can support integrated definition of concrete syntax and abstract syntax, which facilitates processing models, but usually prevents reusing the variety of language tools operating on Ecore metamodels (such as editors, interpreters, debuggers, etc.). Existing work on translating grammars to Ecore metamodels features very cursory translations only, which requires re-engineering intricacies natural to grammars for the metamodels again. We conceived a translation from an EBNF-like syntax to Ecore metamodels that considers the grammars’ intricacies. This translation is realized as a fully automated toolchain from grammars into Ecore & OCL using the language workbench MontiCore. Using this translation enables grammar-based languages to leverage the benefits of Ecore-compatible language tools while supporting natural definition of concrete and abstract syntax.","PeriodicalId":117525,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of the 11th ACM SIGPLAN International Conference on Software Language Engineering","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-10-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126773230","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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