Pub Date : 2011-08-01DOI: 10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00405.x
T S Mair, C E Sherlock
Six mature horses with large abdominal abscesses (defined as an abscess >15-20 cm in at least one dimension) were treated by surgical drainage and post operative lavage. The abscess was associated with previous intestinal surgery in one horse, and with Streptococcus equi spp. equi infection in the other 5. A Foley catheter was used to drain and lavage the abscess in all cases. The abscess was accessed by a ventral midline laparotomy in 5 cases and by standing flank laparoscopy in one. Two horses were subjected to euthanasia within 7 days due to persistent or recurrent colic. The other 4 horses survived. Lavage of the abscess was continued for a median time of 19 days. Antibacterial therapy was continued until the plasma fibrinogen concentration was normal (median 47 days). Follow-up information was obtained at a median of 1.8 years. All 4 horses were alive at the time of follow-up; 2 horses had suffered one or more bouts of colic that had responded to medical treatment.
{"title":"Surgical drainage and post operative lavage of large abdominal abscesses in six mature horses.","authors":"T S Mair, C E Sherlock","doi":"10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00405.x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00405.x","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Six mature horses with large abdominal abscesses (defined as an abscess >15-20 cm in at least one dimension) were treated by surgical drainage and post operative lavage. The abscess was associated with previous intestinal surgery in one horse, and with Streptococcus equi spp. equi infection in the other 5. A Foley catheter was used to drain and lavage the abscess in all cases. The abscess was accessed by a ventral midline laparotomy in 5 cases and by standing flank laparoscopy in one. Two horses were subjected to euthanasia within 7 days due to persistent or recurrent colic. The other 4 horses survived. Lavage of the abscess was continued for a median time of 19 days. Antibacterial therapy was continued until the plasma fibrinogen concentration was normal (median 47 days). Follow-up information was obtained at a median of 1.8 years. All 4 horses were alive at the time of follow-up; 2 horses had suffered one or more bouts of colic that had responded to medical treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":11801,"journal":{"name":"Equine veterinary journal. Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://sci-hub-pdf.com/10.1111/j.2042-3306.2011.00405.x","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"29890775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Equine Exercise Physiology. November 7-12, 2010. Cape Town, South Africa.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11801,"journal":{"name":"Equine veterinary journal. Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"30082026","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-10DOI: 10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05153.X
R. Suggett
The horse industry is large and varied, but until comparatively recently its contribution to the economy of the UK has been virtually ignored and this, together with the disparate nature and small size of the individual businesses involved, has resulted in a general lack of universally available data. What is undoubtedly true, however, is that the horse touches upon the professional and recreational aspects of many peoples' lives and that, without the horse, not only would a significant proportion of the rural working population be unemployed but many ancillary industries would have considerably less work available. This paper reinforces the concept of the horse being at the centre of a large, though disparate and dispersed industry and, what is more, that it is an industry of essential importance both to the welfare of the countryside and to the economic viability of the UK. It also attempts to quantify the size of the horse industry based upon limited information. The paper concludes that 125,000 people (expressed in full time equivalents) are employed directly, there are 600,000 horses and an economic contribution in excess of 1000 m Pounds.
{"title":"Horses and the rural economy in the United Kingdom.","authors":"R. Suggett","doi":"10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05153.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05153.X","url":null,"abstract":"The horse industry is large and varied, but until comparatively recently its contribution to the economy of the UK has been virtually ignored and this, together with the disparate nature and small size of the individual businesses involved, has resulted in a general lack of universally available data. What is undoubtedly true, however, is that the horse touches upon the professional and recreational aspects of many peoples' lives and that, without the horse, not only would a significant proportion of the rural working population be unemployed but many ancillary industries would have considerably less work available. This paper reinforces the concept of the horse being at the centre of a large, though disparate and dispersed industry and, what is more, that it is an industry of essential importance both to the welfare of the countryside and to the economic viability of the UK. It also attempts to quantify the size of the horse industry based upon limited information. The paper concludes that 125,000 people (expressed in full time equivalents) are employed directly, there are 600,000 horses and an economic contribution in excess of 1000 m Pounds.","PeriodicalId":11801,"journal":{"name":"Equine veterinary journal. Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82099004","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-10DOI: 10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05150.X
D. Goodwin
Domestication has provided the horse with food, shelter, veterinary care and protection, allowing individuals an increased chance of survival. However, the restriction of movement, limited breeding opportunities and a requirement to expend energy, for the benefit of another species, conflict with the evolutionary processes which shaped the behaviour of its predecessors. The behaviour of the horse is defined by its niche as a social prey species but many of the traits which ensured the survival of its ancestors are difficult to accommodate in the domestic environment. There has been a long association between horses and man and many features of equine behaviour suggest a predisposition to interspecific cooperation. However, the importance of dominance in human understanding of social systems has tended to overemphasize its importance in the human-horse relationship. The evolving horse-human relationship from predation to companionship, has resulted in serial conflicts of interest for equine and human participants. Only by understanding the nature and origin of these conflicts can ethologists encourage equine management practices which minimise deleterious effects on the behaviour of the horse.
{"title":"The importance of ethology in understanding the behaviour of the horse.","authors":"D. Goodwin","doi":"10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05150.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05150.X","url":null,"abstract":"Domestication has provided the horse with food, shelter, veterinary care and protection, allowing individuals an increased chance of survival. However, the restriction of movement, limited breeding opportunities and a requirement to expend energy, for the benefit of another species, conflict with the evolutionary processes which shaped the behaviour of its predecessors. The behaviour of the horse is defined by its niche as a social prey species but many of the traits which ensured the survival of its ancestors are difficult to accommodate in the domestic environment. There has been a long association between horses and man and many features of equine behaviour suggest a predisposition to interspecific cooperation. However, the importance of dominance in human understanding of social systems has tended to overemphasize its importance in the human-horse relationship. The evolving horse-human relationship from predation to companionship, has resulted in serial conflicts of interest for equine and human participants. Only by understanding the nature and origin of these conflicts can ethologists encourage equine management practices which minimise deleterious effects on the behaviour of the horse.","PeriodicalId":11801,"journal":{"name":"Equine veterinary journal. Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89020906","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-10DOI: 10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05149.X
M. Levine
Before the development of firearms, the horse was crucial to warfare and, before the invention of the steam engine, it was the fastest and most reliable form of land transport. It is crucial to the life of nomadic pastoralists on the Eurasian steppe and played a major role in the evolution of human society during the Bronze Age and Iron Age. Understanding the human past requires knowledge of the origins and development of horse husbandry. The problem of being able to identify the early stages of horse domestication is one that many researchers have grappled with for the most part unsuccessfully. Until recently the most important criteria used had been that of increased relative abundance. That is, around 3500 BC, in some parts of Eurasia, there was an apparent increase in the proportions of horse bones and teeth found in archaeological deposits by comparison with preceding periods. However, other evidence suggests that the observed increase during the Copper Age could be explained as well, or even better, by increased hunting rather than by domestication.
{"title":"Investigating the origins of horse domestication.","authors":"M. Levine","doi":"10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05149.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05149.X","url":null,"abstract":"Before the development of firearms, the horse was crucial to warfare and, before the invention of the steam engine, it was the fastest and most reliable form of land transport. It is crucial to the life of nomadic pastoralists on the Eurasian steppe and played a major role in the evolution of human society during the Bronze Age and Iron Age. Understanding the human past requires knowledge of the origins and development of horse husbandry. The problem of being able to identify the early stages of horse domestication is one that many researchers have grappled with for the most part unsuccessfully. Until recently the most important criteria used had been that of increased relative abundance. That is, around 3500 BC, in some parts of Eurasia, there was an apparent increase in the proportions of horse bones and teeth found in archaeological deposits by comparison with preceding periods. However, other evidence suggests that the observed increase during the Copper Age could be explained as well, or even better, by increased hunting rather than by domestication.","PeriodicalId":11801,"journal":{"name":"Equine veterinary journal. Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90830606","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-10DOI: 10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05151.X
Christine J Nicol
It is frequently asserted that equine stereotypies, such as crib-biting, wind-sucking and weaving, are caused by boredom. However, this explanation is too general to be of practical use in discerning the causes of each stereotypy or in devising management practices to prevent their occurrence. The majority of equine stereotypes start within one month of weaning when both the nutritional and social environment of the foal are substantially altered. Epidemiological research has revealed that the provision of low quantities of forage and minimal opportunities for social contact are associated with a higher reported prevalence of stereotypic behaviour. Experimental data also suggest that oral stereotypies develop in response to a low forage diet but this may be partially adaptative. Oral stereotypies may increase salivary flow therefore reducing the acidity of gastric tract and speeding the transit of ingested feed. Stereotypic horses may be less reactive to short-term aversive stimulation. Neither direct nor circumstantial evidence confirms anecdotal reports that horses copy stereotypies from each other. Surgical and pharmacological methods of prevention should not be attempted unless the underlying causes are removed.
{"title":"Understanding equine stereotypies.","authors":"Christine J Nicol","doi":"10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05151.X","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1111/J.2042-3306.1999.TB05151.X","url":null,"abstract":"It is frequently asserted that equine stereotypies, such as crib-biting, wind-sucking and weaving, are caused by boredom. However, this explanation is too general to be of practical use in discerning the causes of each stereotypy or in devising management practices to prevent their occurrence. The majority of equine stereotypes start within one month of weaning when both the nutritional and social environment of the foal are substantially altered. Epidemiological research has revealed that the provision of low quantities of forage and minimal opportunities for social contact are associated with a higher reported prevalence of stereotypic behaviour. Experimental data also suggest that oral stereotypies develop in response to a low forage diet but this may be partially adaptative. Oral stereotypies may increase salivary flow therefore reducing the acidity of gastric tract and speeding the transit of ingested feed. Stereotypic horses may be less reactive to short-term aversive stimulation. Neither direct nor circumstantial evidence confirms anecdotal reports that horses copy stereotypies from each other. Surgical and pharmacological methods of prevention should not be attempted unless the underlying causes are removed.","PeriodicalId":11801,"journal":{"name":"Equine veterinary journal. Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82483997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the Seventh International Conference on Equine Exercise Physiology. August 26-31, 2006. Fontainebleau, France.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11801,"journal":{"name":"Equine veterinary journal. Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2006-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"26700346","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Clinical perspective of the biological pathway from conception to the maturity of performance in the horse: physiology and pathology.","authors":"P D Rossdale","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11801,"journal":{"name":"Equine veterinary journal. Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2005-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"25139382","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the 6th International Conference on Equine Exercise Physiology. 22-28 September 2002, Lexington, Kentucky, USA.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11801,"journal":{"name":"Equine veterinary journal. Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2002-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"22258915","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Proceedings of the 5th International Conference on Equine Exercise Physiology. Utsunomiya, Japan, 20-25 September 1998.","authors":"","doi":"","DOIUrl":"","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":11801,"journal":{"name":"Equine veterinary journal. Supplement","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-07-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"21554878","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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