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Understanding Individual Experiences of COVID-19 to Inform Policy and Practice in Higher Education最新文献

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The Burnout Warning 倦怠警告
Marilisa Vega, Shawn R. Coon
This chapter covers three distinct themes that encompass the concept of burnout warning: inherent adversities in the modality shift, fear and ambiguity in higher education, and attempting to work in suboptimal conditions. While thriving represents a concept that denotes success and achievement, burnout represents exhaustion and fatigue. The behavior exhibited by staff and its correlation to burnout is best explained by the works of Maslach and Leiter using the areas of worklife (AW) model entailing organizational risk factors. The AW model explains how burnout is expedited when there is a disruption to balance in the following areas: workload, control, reward, community, fairness, and values. The findings indicate that staff members at the University of Utah displayed early signs of burnout warning. The factors that contribute to early signals of burnout include resource shortages, an increase in overall workload-including persistent emotional labor-and a lack of acknowledgement. The chapter illustrates how stressors, aggravated by COVID fatigue, fostered an environment that mobilized the onset of burnout. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
本章涵盖了三个不同的主题,包括倦怠警告的概念:模式转变中的固有逆境,高等教育中的恐惧和模糊,以及试图在次优条件下工作。蓬勃发展代表了成功和成就的概念,而倦怠则代表了疲惫和疲劳。Maslach和Leiter利用包含组织风险因素的工作生活领域模型(area of work - life model, AW)对员工表现出的行为及其与职业倦怠的相关性进行了最好的解释。AW模型解释了当工作负荷、控制、奖励、社区、公平和价值观等方面的平衡受到破坏时,倦怠是如何加速的。研究结果表明,犹他大学的工作人员表现出了倦怠预警的早期迹象。导致职业倦怠的早期信号的因素包括资源短缺、整体工作量增加(包括持续的情绪劳动)以及缺乏认可。本章阐述了因COVID疲劳而加剧的压力源如何营造了一种促使倦怠发作的环境。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
Connectivity, Community, and Sense of Belonging 连通性、社区和归属感
Shen Yang, Karla Motta, Jessi Gerowitz
This chapter illustrates how the change to a virtual setting challenged students' social connectedness and sense of belonging. It demonstrates how students found a way to build social connectedness in a virtual setting that reinforced their sense of community. The chapter discusses how Students of Color experienced the COVID-19 interruption. It offers insights into whether thriving in college is even possible for students when their means of creating community have been disrupted. At the University of Utah, the detachment was experienced by students in their interactions with faculty and their relationships with their friends, peers, and classmates. The closing of campus and the shift to online learning also limited students' social connectedness with friends, classmates, and peers. Students also relied on new communities to gain motivation and achieve academically. University employees were also a part of students' relational communities. Some students created a strong emotional connection with staff members, such as advisors and student affairs professionals. The pandemic and the resulting educational changes added another layer of complexity to the academic experiences of Students of Color. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
本章说明了虚拟环境的变化如何挑战学生的社会联系和归属感。它展示了学生如何在虚拟环境中建立社会联系,增强他们的社区意识。这一章讨论了有色人种学生是如何经历COVID-19中断的。它让我们了解到,当学生创建社区的方式被打乱时,他们是否有可能在大学里茁壮成长。在犹他大学,学生在与教师的互动以及与朋友、同龄人和同学的关系中都体验到了这种超然。校园的关闭和向在线学习的转变也限制了学生与朋友、同学和同龄人的社交联系。学生们也依赖于新的社区来获得动力并在学业上取得成就。大学员工也是学生关系社区的一部分。一些学生与工作人员建立了强烈的情感联系,比如顾问和学生事务专业人员。大流行和随之而来的教育变革为有色人种学生的学术经历增添了另一层复杂性。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
Mental Health, Motivation, and Emotions 心理健康,动机和情绪
Jessi Gerowitz, Karla Motta, Marilisa Vega
The true impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on mental health has yet to be seen. This chapter explores how students did and did not thrive in college as a result of the pandemic's impacts on their mental health. It explores general findings, and then examines the unique experiences of Students of Color, who, in many cases, were disproportionately impacted by the COVID-19 pandemic. Student participants conveyed that their mental health declined, which resulted in diminishing motivation to complete schoolwork. However, emotional support networks, school resources, and therapeutic outlets assisted some students in overcoming the barriers to success. Although accessing counseling services proved difficult for some students, those who did have access felt these services improved their mental health. The online class format posed many challenges to students' motivation. While videos and taped lectures were easily accessible resources that professors were forced to utilize due to the abrupt shift to online learning, these students' statements illustrate that they were simply no substitute for inperson interactions. While peer interaction can serve as a catalyst to learning, the lack of it during spring 2020 proved an inhibitor to participants' thriving and motivation. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
COVID-19大流行对心理健康的真正影响尚待观察。本章探讨了疫情对学生心理健康的影响如何影响学生在大学里的表现。它探讨了一般发现,然后研究了有色人种学生的独特经历,在许多情况下,有色人种学生受到COVID-19大流行的不成比例的影响。学生参与者表示,他们的心理健康状况下降,这导致他们完成学业的动力减弱。然而,情感支持网络、学校资源和治疗渠道帮助一些学生克服了通往成功的障碍。尽管一些学生很难获得咨询服务,但那些有机会获得咨询服务的学生认为,这些服务改善了他们的心理健康。在线课程对学生的学习动机提出了许多挑战。虽然视频和录音讲座是很容易获得的资源,但由于在线学习的突然转变,教授们被迫利用这些资源,但这些学生的陈述表明,它们根本无法替代面对面的互动。虽然同伴互动可以作为学习的催化剂,但在2020年春季,缺乏同伴互动阻碍了参与者的成长和动力。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
Thriving as a Lens for Understanding the Impact of COVID-19 on Higher Education Faculty, Staff, and Students 作为理解COVID-19对高等教育教职员工和学生影响的一个镜头
A. Bergerson, Latu Kinikini
This chapter provides details of both the student thriving model and the socially embedded model of thriving at work. Both models place an onus on higher education institutions for ensuring that members of the community thrive. The chapter considers how these models might apply to a clearer understanding of how students, staff, and faculty at the University of Utah managed the transition to online learning, teaching, and work during the early days of the COVID-19 pandemic. Given the joint effort necessary for thriving to occur, the chapter explores whether thriving is even possible during a time of crisis such as the COVID-19 pandemic. It describes participants' experiences of loss of community;lack of information and acknowledgement of effort;deep learning and adaptation;anger, frustration, joy, and gratitude;and feelings of success and failure. In many cases, elements of thriving were present in these experiences, but the University of Utah was clearly limited in its ability to provide conditions for thriving as the entire campus moved to an online modality. Additionally, many participants experienced significant challenges to their mental health and well-being, in many cases breaking the cycle of sustaining thriving noted by Spreitzer. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
本章提供了学生成功模型和社会嵌入的工作成功模型的细节。这两种模式都把确保社区成员茁壮成长的责任放在了高等教育机构身上。本章考虑了这些模型如何适用于更清晰地理解犹他大学的学生、教职员工在COVID-19大流行初期如何管理向在线学习、教学和工作的过渡。鉴于实现繁荣所必需的共同努力,本章探讨了在COVID-19大流行等危机时期是否有可能实现繁荣。它描述了参与者失去社区的经历;缺乏信息和对努力的认可;深度学习和适应;愤怒、沮丧、喜悦和感激;以及成功和失败的感受。在许多情况下,这些经历中都存在繁荣的因素,但随着整个校园转向在线模式,犹他大学显然在为繁荣提供条件方面能力有限。此外,许多参与者经历了心理健康和幸福方面的重大挑战,在许多情况下打破了斯普雷策指出的持续繁荣的循环。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
Teaching Online and Caring for Students and Colleagues 在线教学,关心学生和同事
Willie Chen, Denise Brenes, A. Bergerson
This chapter explores how the University's decision to move all courses to an online format impacted faculty members. It illustrates the challenges associated with transitioning from a brick-and-mortar, four-year university that predominantly offers in-person classes into one that operated almost completely online. The chapter focuses on faculty and how different aspects of their pedagogy were immediately impacted by the pandemic. It addresses how faculty participants expressed their concern for students and colleagues as well as the initiatives and actions participants took to assist students and colleagues. The chapter discusses the impact of COVID-19 and the transition to online learning on a traditional institution of higher education. The experience of transitioning to online teaching varied widely for faculty and was dependent on the course and content delivery, experience with online teaching and online tools, and course context. All faculty made accommodations for students, whether at the behest of the University directive to accommodate student needs or because they felt it was in the best interest of the students. Faculty participants also adjusted their expectations for assessments and grading. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
本章探讨了大学将所有课程转移到在线格式的决定对教师的影响。它说明了从一所主要提供面对面课程的四年制实体大学过渡到一所几乎完全在线运营的大学所面临的挑战。这一章的重点是教师,以及他们的教学方法的不同方面如何受到疫情的直接影响。它阐述了教师参与者如何表达他们对学生和同事的关注,以及参与者为帮助学生和同事而采取的举措和行动。本章讨论了2019冠状病毒病和向在线学习过渡对传统高等教育机构的影响。教师过渡到在线教学的经验差异很大,这取决于课程和内容交付、在线教学和在线工具的经验以及课程环境。所有教师都为学生提供便利,无论是根据大学指示的要求,以满足学生的需求,还是因为他们认为这符合学生的最大利益。教师参与者也调整了他们对评估和评分的期望。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
Interpretive Methods as a Window into Individual Experiences and the Pandemic 解释方法是了解个人经验和大流行的窗口
Shawn R. Coon, A. Bergerson
This chapter aligns with an interpretive qualitative research project. It discusses the development of this project, the site, the participants, the researchers, the data collection, and the data analysis. The chapter offers researchers and practitioners the opportunity to further conceptualize the importance of individuals' lived experiences, especially during tumultuous times. It demonstrates throughout the findings that the contextual variables are important in understanding how students, staff, and faculty experienced the organizational and societal changes that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. In March of 2020, as a result of the COVID-19 pandemic, the University of Utah elected to close campus to all non-essential personnel and move all classes online when students returned from spring break. It acknowledges the mental health toll associated with conducting research during a pandemic. Members of the research team were forced to confront their own feelings about the pandemic while interpreting those of others. The researchers tries to understand the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the people in higher education, and as people in higher education who are impacted by the pandemic. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
本章与一个解释性质的研究项目相一致。它讨论了该项目的发展,场地,参与者,研究人员,数据收集和数据分析。本章为研究人员和实践者提供了进一步概念化个人生活经历重要性的机会,特别是在动荡时期。在整个研究结果中,它表明上下文变量对于理解学生、教职员工如何经历COVID-19大流行期间发生的组织和社会变化非常重要。2020年3月,由于2019冠状病毒病大流行,犹他大学决定在学生春假归来时关闭校园所有非必要人员,并将所有课程转移到网上。它承认在大流行期间进行研究对精神健康造成的损失。研究小组的成员被迫面对自己对大流行的感受,同时解释他人的感受。研究人员试图了解COVID-19大流行对高等教育人员的影响,以及受大流行影响的高等教育人员。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
The Way Forward 未来之路
Shawn R. Coon, A. Bergerson
The profound sadness, anxiety, depression, and loss caused by the COVID-19 pandemic is difficult to fathom. This chapter offers both scholars and practitioners the opportunity to reconsider the purposes and potential of higher education in a world after COVID-19. The importance of community and a sense of belonging, the power of learning new strategies during changing times, and acknowledging that the COVID-19 pandemic had significant consequences for individuals are themes that describe the experiences of the pandemic for faculty, staff, and students at the University of Utah. The University of Utah is offering most classes in an online environment and most students are not on campus, but students, their families, faculty, and staff are gathering for small, COVID-safe in-person graduation ceremonies. The chapter illustrates pockets of thriving across the University of Utah: students creating communities wherever they could to overcome lags in motivation;faculty feeling vitality as they learned new ways to teach and recognized their growth in this process;and staff realizing they could find new ways to solve problems with students. It offers broad recommendations for higher education with the intent that the findings may help others attempting to thrive or survive during times of crisis. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
COVID-19大流行造成的深刻悲伤,焦虑,抑郁和损失难以理解。本章为学者和实践者提供了重新思考高等教育在COVID-19后世界中的目的和潜力的机会。社区和归属感的重要性,在变化的时代学习新策略的力量,以及承认COVID-19大流行对个人产生了重大影响,这些主题描述了犹他大学教职员工和学生在大流行中的经历。犹他大学在在线环境中提供大部分课程,大多数学生都不在校园,但学生、他们的家人、教职员工正在聚集在一起,参加小型的、安全的毕业典礼。这一章描述了犹他大学蓬勃发展的例子:学生们在任何地方创建社区,以克服动力滞后;教师们在学习新的教学方法并认识到自己在这个过程中的成长时感到充满活力;员工们意识到他们可以找到新的方法来解决学生的问题。它为高等教育提供了广泛的建议,目的是这些发现可以帮助其他人在危机时期茁壮成长或生存。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
Community, Communication and Expectations for Teaching 社区、交流与教学期望
Willie Chen, Denise Brenes, A. Bergerson
This chapter explores how communication during the COVID-19 crisis hindered and supported faculty performance and how they interpreted institutional communication and expectations around their teaching. It addresses the importance of community to faculty, both as they adjusted to online instruction and as a source of thriving in their work. Faculty are a key element in higher education institutions, and the findings show how faculty participants acted on the frontlines of the transition to online learning. Faculty participants consistently talked about the challenges of teaching students to the best of their ability during a global pandemic, and the importance of their communities for their success in this endeavor. They expected clear communication from the University and desired guidelines specific to each college or department. In the end, faculty relied on their community as a resource of knowledge and support during the difficult transition. Professional organizations and colleagues outside of the University of Utah also served as sources of knowledge for faculty as they adjusted to online learning. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
本章探讨了COVID-19危机期间的沟通如何阻碍和支持教师的表现,以及他们如何解释机构沟通和对教学的期望。它强调了社区对教师的重要性,因为他们既适应了在线教学,也成为了他们工作中蓬勃发展的源泉。教师是高等教育机构的关键因素,调查结果显示了教师参与者如何在向在线学习过渡的第一线采取行动。教师与会者一致谈到在全球大流行期间竭尽所能教授学生所面临的挑战,以及他们所在社区对他们在这一努力中取得成功的重要性。他们希望大学能与他们进行清晰的沟通,并希望每个学院或院系都能有具体的指导方针。最后,教师依靠他们的社区作为知识资源和支持在艰难的过渡。犹他大学以外的专业组织和同事也为教师适应在线学习提供了知识来源。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
Pandemic Privilege 大流行的特权
A. Bergerson, Shawn R. Coon
Many felt that the challenges related to COVID-19 were more difficult for students than for faculty and expressed concern for students struggling to manage the impacts of the pandemic. Pandemic privilege is illustrated several ways. First, faculty appreciated the privilege in the fact that, generally, their employment was not at risk. This was stronger for tenure-line faculty than for contract, clinical, and adjunct faculty. However, across the board, faculty expressed that they were privileged in their ability to continue working in meaningful employment and to do so from home. Second, faculty whose children were grown and more independent felt privilege related to the extra burden on colleagues with younger children at home. Additionally, many of the White faculty recognized a racial privilege, both in terms of the virus and more generally as a result of the racial justice movements across the country. And, faculty who were relatively healthy acknowledged the different impact of the virus for those with health-related complications or risk factors. Finally, faculty talked about their privilege in comparison to students. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
许多人认为,与COVID-19相关的挑战对学生来说比对教师来说更困难,并对努力应对疫情影响的学生表示担忧。流行病特权可以从几个方面说明。首先,教师们欣赏这种特权,因为总的来说,他们的就业没有风险。这在终身教职员工中比合同制、临床教职员工和兼职教职员工中更为明显。然而,总体而言,教师们表示,他们有能力继续从事有意义的工作,而且可以在家工作,这是他们的特权。其次,那些孩子已经长大成人且更加独立的教师,会因为家里有年幼孩子的同事所承受的额外负担而感到特权。此外,许多白人教师认识到种族特权,无论是从病毒的角度,还是从全国各地的种族正义运动的更广泛意义上讲。而且,相对健康的教师承认,病毒对那些有健康相关并发症或风险因素的人的影响是不同的。最后,教师们谈到了他们与学生相比的特权。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 0
Online Learning During COVID-19 COVID-19期间的在线学习
Diane Lê Strain, Mayumi Kasai, Chris Wallace-Carrete
This chapter focuses on the challenges unique to online learning environments, how students responded to the abrupt shift to remote learning, and how this impacted their ability to thrive in the midst of a global pandemic. It illustrates how instructors' ability (or inability) to smoothly transition from in-person to online environments impacted students' learning. The chapter examines some of the challenges students faced with online learning, including changes in learning environments, communication with instructors, and classroom dialogues. It explores instances of students thriving in online learning environments. The inherent unpredictability of the COVID-19 pandemic and some institutional inconsistencies created challenges to building an environment in which students could thrive. Although the University attempted to create an online environment that allowed students to continue their education during the pandemic, significant issues arose that forced students to teach themselves, often with little support from faculty. The challenges of learning online were compounded with the loss of on-campus resources such as access to quiet study spaces and the University library. (PsycInfo Database Record (c) 2023 APA, all rights reserved)
本章重点关注在线学习环境所面临的独特挑战,学生如何应对突然转向远程学习,以及这如何影响他们在全球大流行中茁壮成长的能力。它说明了教师的能力(或无能)如何顺利地从面对面的环境过渡到在线环境影响学生的学习。本章探讨了学生在在线学习中面临的一些挑战,包括学习环境的变化、与教师的沟通以及课堂对话。它探讨了学生在在线学习环境中茁壮成长的实例。2019冠状病毒病大流行固有的不可预测性和一些制度上的不一致,给建立一个让学生茁壮成长的环境带来了挑战。尽管大学试图创造一个在线环境,让学生在大流行期间继续学习,但出现了一些重大问题,迫使学生自学,往往很少得到教师的支持。在线学习的挑战伴随着校园资源的丧失,比如安静的学习空间和大学图书馆。(PsycInfo数据库记录(c) 2023 APA,版权所有)
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引用次数: 10
期刊
Understanding Individual Experiences of COVID-19 to Inform Policy and Practice in Higher Education
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