Objective : The molecular mechanism in the occurrence and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is of great theoretical significance to improve the early diagnosis, treatment and prognostic judgement of CIN in clinical practice. The current study aimed to detect the expression of remodel and space factor-1 (Rsf-1) and P16 in CIN, and to analyze the expression of Rsf-1 and P16 in different stages of CIN and to investigate the possible correlation. Methods : A total of 110 samples of CIN were collected from the Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in 2018. Rsf-1 and P16 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in pathological tissue sections. The correlation between Rsf-1 expression and P16 expression in CIN was further analyzed. Results : The immunohistochemical results of 110 cases of CIN showed that the positive rate of P16 and Rsf-1 gradually increases with the grade of CIN increases. The expression of P16 was significantly different between different CIN grade ( p = 0.011). The expression of Rsf-1 was also significantly different in different CIN grade ( p = 0.015). Conclusions : Rsf-1 and P16 was highly expressed or over-expressed in high-grade CIN, and the positive rate of their expression increased with the increase in CIN grade. human papil-lomavirus; pro-tein;
{"title":"Expression and Analysis of Rsf-1 and P16 in Cervical Intraepithelial Neoplasia","authors":"Qing Zhu, Guang-dao Zhang, Mingyan Tang, Ligao Wu","doi":"10.31083/j.ejgo4302034","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ejgo4302034","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : The molecular mechanism in the occurrence and progression of cervical intraepithelial neoplasia (CIN) is of great theoretical significance to improve the early diagnosis, treatment and prognostic judgement of CIN in clinical practice. The current study aimed to detect the expression of remodel and space factor-1 (Rsf-1) and P16 in CIN, and to analyze the expression of Rsf-1 and P16 in different stages of CIN and to investigate the possible correlation. Methods : A total of 110 samples of CIN were collected from the Department of Pathology, the First Affiliated Hospital of Bengbu Medical College in 2018. Rsf-1 and P16 was detected by immunohistochemical staining in pathological tissue sections. The correlation between Rsf-1 expression and P16 expression in CIN was further analyzed. Results : The immunohistochemical results of 110 cases of CIN showed that the positive rate of P16 and Rsf-1 gradually increases with the grade of CIN increases. The expression of P16 was significantly different between different CIN grade ( p = 0.011). The expression of Rsf-1 was also significantly different in different CIN grade ( p = 0.015). Conclusions : Rsf-1 and P16 was highly expressed or over-expressed in high-grade CIN, and the positive rate of their expression increased with the increase in CIN grade. human papil-lomavirus; pro-tein;","PeriodicalId":11903,"journal":{"name":"European journal of gynaecological oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45443198","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Yunzhe Wan, X. Zhang, Yue Sun, Linping Wang, Guoyan Liu
Background: Uterine lipoleiomyoma is a rare lipomatous variant of uterine leiomyoma composed of a variable mixture of mature smooth muscle cells and adipocytes, typically found in peri or postmenopausal women. Malignancies arising from the tumor have rarely been reported though it is considered benign. Cases : We present three cases of uterine lipoleiomyoma and review literature to explore its etiology, characteristics, diagnosis and malignant transformation potential. Conclusion : Imaging examinations especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play an important role in preoperative diagnosis. For large size and rapid growth of lipoleiomyoma, malignant transformation potential should be considered and surgery is required. Follow-up is still necessary.
{"title":"Uterine lipoleiomyoma: a benign entity with malignant transformation potential?","authors":"Yunzhe Wan, X. Zhang, Yue Sun, Linping Wang, Guoyan Liu","doi":"10.31083/j.ejgo4302042","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ejgo4302042","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Uterine lipoleiomyoma is a rare lipomatous variant of uterine leiomyoma composed of a variable mixture of mature smooth muscle cells and adipocytes, typically found in peri or postmenopausal women. Malignancies arising from the tumor have rarely been reported though it is considered benign. Cases : We present three cases of uterine lipoleiomyoma and review literature to explore its etiology, characteristics, diagnosis and malignant transformation potential. Conclusion : Imaging examinations especially magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) play an important role in preoperative diagnosis. For large size and rapid growth of lipoleiomyoma, malignant transformation potential should be considered and surgery is required. Follow-up is still necessary.","PeriodicalId":11903,"journal":{"name":"European journal of gynaecological oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45834082","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. N. Vet, James P. Haindl, C. Velásquez, Leonie J. Parker, Margaret I. Burns, Stephen Morrell, M. Campion
Objective : An optoelectronic screening device (OESD) is evaluated for the detection of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+ lesions in comparison to Liquid Based Cytology (LBC) and high-risk HPV DNA (hrHPV) testing. Methods : In total 506 consecutive women referred because of abnormal cervical cytology or a positive high-risk HPV test, had an examination using OESD, LBC, and hrHPV testing. They were screened in 4 colposcopy clinics in New South Wales, Australia. In a retrospective audit, results were compared to the gold standard of colposcopy and biopsies if required. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-curves, and differences using McNemar tests were calculated. All results were available for comparison on 474 patients. Results : The sensitivity to detect CIN II+ lesions by OESD, LBC and hrHPV-testing was 0.72, 0.81, and 0.88, and the specificity was 0.71, 0.95, and 0.76 respectively. The age- and previous-treatment adjusted area under the ROC curve for OESD was 0.83, for LBC 0.94, and for hrHPV testing 0.89. McNemar’s tests showed no significant difference in sensitivity between OESD and LBC ( p = 0.26), and no significant difference in specificity between OESD and hrHPV-testing ( p = 1.0) amongst patients without previous treatment. Conclusions : The optoelectronic screening device demonstrated comparable sensitivity to high quality cytology conducted in a hospital clinical setting. Specificity was comparable to hrHPV-testing in an approximate primary screening setting. OESD has the advantage of producing an immediate result and being easy to use without need of laboratory equipment. This device can potentially become an important tool in the prevention of cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries and resource-limited settings.
目的:与液体细胞学(LBC)和高危HPV DNA (hrHPV)检测相比，评估光电筛查装置(OESD)检测宫颈上皮内瘤变(CIN) 2+病变的效果。方法:共有506名因宫颈细胞学异常或高危HPV检测阳性而转诊的连续妇女，使用OESD、LBC和hrHPV检测进行检查。他们在澳大利亚新南威尔士州的4家阴道镜诊所接受了筛查。在回顾性审计中，将结果与阴道镜检查和活检的金标准进行比较。采用McNemar试验计算敏感性、特异性、受试者工作特征(ROC)曲线下面积和差异。所有结果可用于474例患者的比较。结果:OESD、LBC、hrhpv检测CINⅱ+病变的敏感性分别为0.72、0.81、0.88，特异性分别为0.71、0.95、0.76。OESD的年龄和既往治疗调整后的ROC曲线下面积为0.83,LBC为0.94,hrHPV检测为0.89。McNemar试验显示，OESD和LBC之间的敏感性无显著差异(p = 0.26)，在未接受过治疗的患者中，OESD和hrhpv检测之间的特异性无显著差异(p = 1.0)。结论:光电筛查装置在医院临床环境中对高质量细胞学检查具有相当的敏感性。在初步筛选中，特异性与hrhpv检测相当。OESD具有立竿见影、使用方便、不需要实验室设备的优点。这种装置有可能成为预防宫颈癌的重要工具，特别是在发展中国家和资源有限的环境中。
{"title":"A Performance Evaluation of an Optoelectronic Cervical Screening Device in Comparison to Cytology and HPV DNA Testing","authors":"J. N. Vet, James P. Haindl, C. Velásquez, Leonie J. Parker, Margaret I. Burns, Stephen Morrell, M. Campion","doi":"10.31083/j.ejgo4302027","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ejgo4302027","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : An optoelectronic screening device (OESD) is evaluated for the detection of cervical intra-epithelial neoplasia (CIN) 2+ lesions in comparison to Liquid Based Cytology (LBC) and high-risk HPV DNA (hrHPV) testing. Methods : In total 506 consecutive women referred because of abnormal cervical cytology or a positive high-risk HPV test, had an examination using OESD, LBC, and hrHPV testing. They were screened in 4 colposcopy clinics in New South Wales, Australia. In a retrospective audit, results were compared to the gold standard of colposcopy and biopsies if required. Sensitivity, specificity, area under the receiver operating characteristic (ROC)-curves, and differences using McNemar tests were calculated. All results were available for comparison on 474 patients. Results : The sensitivity to detect CIN II+ lesions by OESD, LBC and hrHPV-testing was 0.72, 0.81, and 0.88, and the specificity was 0.71, 0.95, and 0.76 respectively. The age- and previous-treatment adjusted area under the ROC curve for OESD was 0.83, for LBC 0.94, and for hrHPV testing 0.89. McNemar’s tests showed no significant difference in sensitivity between OESD and LBC ( p = 0.26), and no significant difference in specificity between OESD and hrHPV-testing ( p = 1.0) amongst patients without previous treatment. Conclusions : The optoelectronic screening device demonstrated comparable sensitivity to high quality cytology conducted in a hospital clinical setting. Specificity was comparable to hrHPV-testing in an approximate primary screening setting. OESD has the advantage of producing an immediate result and being easy to use without need of laboratory equipment. This device can potentially become an important tool in the prevention of cervical cancer, particularly in developing countries and resource-limited settings.","PeriodicalId":11903,"journal":{"name":"European journal of gynaecological oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47553212","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective : Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most health-threatening neoplasms for women worldwide. Despite advances in detection and treatment strategies over the past few decades, the current biomarkers of BC are less than satisfactory for effective prognosis and individualized treatment. This study aimed to investigate the new biomarkers to meet this urgent demand. Methods : The current study investigated the transcriptional levels of minichromosome maintenance genes (MCMs) in BC patients from the Oncomine, UALCAN database, and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA); protein expression levels of MCM proteins in BC patients were derived from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Further, survival analysis was evaluated with Kaplan-Meier Plotter. BC genome atlas data were obtained from cBioPortal databases. Gene regulatory network analysis was performed using the STRING online tool, and gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using DAVID. Results : Based on multiple database analysis, mRNA and protein levels of MCM2 , MCM4 and MCM10 were much higher in BC patient, and survival analysis showed that high transcription levels of most MCMs were found to be associated with poor prognosis for BC patients; moreover, the MCMs genetic alterations, especially of MCM2 , MCM4 and MCM10 , were found in 45% of BC patients. In addition, dysregulation of MCMs was considered to possibly affect DNA damage/repair, cell cycle dysregulation and chromosome instability. Conclusions : In summary, this study indicated that MCM2 , MCM4 , and MCM10 are potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for BC.
{"title":"The expression and prognostic value of minichromosome maintenance markers in human breast cancer: a comprehensive analysis","authors":"Jieqiong Xie, Yulin Zhou, Yun-sheng Ge","doi":"10.31083/j.ejgo4302029","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ejgo4302029","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : Breast cancer (BC) is one of the most health-threatening neoplasms for women worldwide. Despite advances in detection and treatment strategies over the past few decades, the current biomarkers of BC are less than satisfactory for effective prognosis and individualized treatment. This study aimed to investigate the new biomarkers to meet this urgent demand. Methods : The current study investigated the transcriptional levels of minichromosome maintenance genes (MCMs) in BC patients from the Oncomine, UALCAN database, and Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA); protein expression levels of MCM proteins in BC patients were derived from the Human Protein Atlas (HPA) database. Further, survival analysis was evaluated with Kaplan-Meier Plotter. BC genome atlas data were obtained from cBioPortal databases. Gene regulatory network analysis was performed using the STRING online tool, and gene ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) pathway enrichment analyses were performed using DAVID. Results : Based on multiple database analysis, mRNA and protein levels of MCM2 , MCM4 and MCM10 were much higher in BC patient, and survival analysis showed that high transcription levels of most MCMs were found to be associated with poor prognosis for BC patients; moreover, the MCMs genetic alterations, especially of MCM2 , MCM4 and MCM10 , were found in 45% of BC patients. In addition, dysregulation of MCMs was considered to possibly affect DNA damage/repair, cell cycle dysregulation and chromosome instability. Conclusions : In summary, this study indicated that MCM2 , MCM4 , and MCM10 are potential prognostic markers and therapeutic targets for BC.","PeriodicalId":11903,"journal":{"name":"European journal of gynaecological oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46815122","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Erin C. Kaser, Marco Lequio, Ziwen Zhu, Zachary E. Hunzeker, Aidan J. Heslin, Kyle P. D’mello, HuaPing Xiao, Qian Bai, M. Wakefield, Yujiang Fang
Objective : Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of all gynecologic tumors. Current treatment methods include debulking surgery with chemotherapy, however even with treatment, the five-year survival rate is below 45%. Cancer immunotherapy is an innovative treatment option being highly researched. Interleukins (ILs) are signaling molecules used by the human immune system to assist in detecting and destroying cancer cells. The ability of tumor cells to evade the immune system is a major challenge we face in fighting cancer. Ox40L/Ox40 and 4-1BBL/4-1BB are key immune costimulatory molecules that increase T cell activation to eliminate tumors. Past research has shown that IL9 has unique influences on various types of cancer, however, its role in ovarian cancer has not yet been assessed. In this study, ovarian cancer cells were treated with IL9 and the expression of Ox40L and 4-1BBL were measured. Methods : A2780 ovarian cancer cells were treated with IL9. Proliferation of ovarian cancer cells was measured by a Clonogenic Survival Assay and Quick Proliferation Assay. RT-PCR was conducted to determine whether IL9 upregulated the costimulatory molecules Ox40L and 4-1BBL. IHC was performed to further investigate IL9 upregulation of Ox40L and 4-1BBL. Results : Treatment of A2780 ovarian cancer cells with IL9 resulted in decreased proliferation of the ovarian cancer cells. By using RT-PCR, it was determined that IL9 treated ovarian cancer cells displayed upregulation of the costimulatory molecules Ox40L and 4-1BBL. Upregulation of OX40L and 4-1BBL was further confirmed by IHC. Conclusions : IL9 inhibited growth of ovarian cancer cells, and IL9 upregulated the key immune costimulatory molecules Ox40L and 4-1BBL. This suggests that increased expression of Ox40L and 4-1BBL may be associated with the inhibitory effect of IL9 on proliferation of ovarian cancer. This study warrants further investigation of the role of Ox40L and 4-1BBL in ovarian cancer growth.
{"title":"Ovarian Cancer Immunotherapy en Route: IL9 Inhibits Growth of Ovarian Cancer and Upregulates its Expression of Ox40L and 4-1BBL","authors":"Erin C. Kaser, Marco Lequio, Ziwen Zhu, Zachary E. Hunzeker, Aidan J. Heslin, Kyle P. D’mello, HuaPing Xiao, Qian Bai, M. Wakefield, Yujiang Fang","doi":"10.31083/j.ejgo4302021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ejgo4302021","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : Ovarian cancer is the deadliest of all gynecologic tumors. Current treatment methods include debulking surgery with chemotherapy, however even with treatment, the five-year survival rate is below 45%. Cancer immunotherapy is an innovative treatment option being highly researched. Interleukins (ILs) are signaling molecules used by the human immune system to assist in detecting and destroying cancer cells. The ability of tumor cells to evade the immune system is a major challenge we face in fighting cancer. Ox40L/Ox40 and 4-1BBL/4-1BB are key immune costimulatory molecules that increase T cell activation to eliminate tumors. Past research has shown that IL9 has unique influences on various types of cancer, however, its role in ovarian cancer has not yet been assessed. In this study, ovarian cancer cells were treated with IL9 and the expression of Ox40L and 4-1BBL were measured. Methods : A2780 ovarian cancer cells were treated with IL9. Proliferation of ovarian cancer cells was measured by a Clonogenic Survival Assay and Quick Proliferation Assay. RT-PCR was conducted to determine whether IL9 upregulated the costimulatory molecules Ox40L and 4-1BBL. IHC was performed to further investigate IL9 upregulation of Ox40L and 4-1BBL. Results : Treatment of A2780 ovarian cancer cells with IL9 resulted in decreased proliferation of the ovarian cancer cells. By using RT-PCR, it was determined that IL9 treated ovarian cancer cells displayed upregulation of the costimulatory molecules Ox40L and 4-1BBL. Upregulation of OX40L and 4-1BBL was further confirmed by IHC. Conclusions : IL9 inhibited growth of ovarian cancer cells, and IL9 upregulated the key immune costimulatory molecules Ox40L and 4-1BBL. This suggests that increased expression of Ox40L and 4-1BBL may be associated with the inhibitory effect of IL9 on proliferation of ovarian cancer. This study warrants further investigation of the role of Ox40L and 4-1BBL in ovarian cancer growth.","PeriodicalId":11903,"journal":{"name":"European journal of gynaecological oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49573232","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tjadina Arndt, E. Taube, H. Deubzer, K. Rothe, G. Calaminus, J. Sehouli, K. Pietzner
The evolution of treatment for malignant ovarian germ cell tumors has been one of the most successful in the history of gynecologic oncology, with dysgerminoma as the most common type of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. Since the introduction of platinum-based chemotherapy in the 1980s, 5-year survival rates for early-stage dysgerminomas have been close to 100%, and as high as 98% for advanced stages. Despite this remarkable achievement, many questions remain in routine treatment. By performing a literature review, we aim to highlight both the current treatment of malignant dysgerminoma and unanswered questions in the modern management of this disease. These issues relate firstly to surgical therapy, such as the role of routine omentectomy and lymphadenectomy, the value of complete surgical resection, and the possibility of fertility-sparing surgery. Second, chemotherapy and the question of the possibility of de-escalation in early stages and the potential of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced stages will be addressed. Finally, a brief overview of the current developments of new drug treatment regimens will be given.
{"title":"Management of malignant dysgerminoma of the ovary","authors":"Tjadina Arndt, E. Taube, H. Deubzer, K. Rothe, G. Calaminus, J. Sehouli, K. Pietzner","doi":"10.31083/j.ejgo4302041","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ejgo4302041","url":null,"abstract":"The evolution of treatment for malignant ovarian germ cell tumors has been one of the most successful in the history of gynecologic oncology, with dysgerminoma as the most common type of malignant ovarian germ cell tumors. Since the introduction of platinum-based chemotherapy in the 1980s, 5-year survival rates for early-stage dysgerminomas have been close to 100%, and as high as 98% for advanced stages. Despite this remarkable achievement, many questions remain in routine treatment. By performing a literature review, we aim to highlight both the current treatment of malignant dysgerminoma and unanswered questions in the modern management of this disease. These issues relate firstly to surgical therapy, such as the role of routine omentectomy and lymphadenectomy, the value of complete surgical resection, and the possibility of fertility-sparing surgery. Second, chemotherapy and the question of the possibility of de-escalation in early stages and the potential of neoadjuvant chemotherapy in advanced stages will be addressed. Finally, a brief overview of the current developments of new drug treatment regimens will be given.","PeriodicalId":11903,"journal":{"name":"European journal of gynaecological oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44250969","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
V. Ghirardi, R. Trozzi, E. Giudice, G. Scambia, A. Fagotti
The rationale behind the use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) after cytoreductive surgery is the association between pharmacological activity of chemotherapy delivered to the peritoneal cavity with the enhanced cytotoxic effect of hyperthermia. Data on the efficacy of HIPEC in the primary debulking surgery (PDS) setting are still controversial and limited by the small sample size of most of the studies, the inclusion of different treatment settings and chemotherapy regimens. Among the ongoing prospective trials, only the OVHIPEC-2 trial is investigating exclusively patients submitted to PDS ± HIPEC with cisplatin 100 mg/m 2 and results are expected by 2026. On the interval debulking surgery (IDS) setting high quality data are coming from the result of the OVHIPEC-1 trial, which demonstrated a survival advantage of nearly 4 months in median progression-free survival (PFS) (14.2 months vs . 10.7 months; p = 0.003) and almost 12 months in median overall survival (OS) (45.7 months vs . 33.9 months; p = 0.02) for HIPEC treated patients (cisplatin 100 mg/m 2 ) compared to no-HIPEC group, with comparable morbidity. However, due to some criticisms raised to the results of OVHIPEC-1 trial, the ESMO-ESGO guidelines recommended not to consider HIPEC as standard therapy until results from ongoing randomized control trials (RCTs) are provided. On the contrary, for the National Comprehensive cancer network (NCCN) guidelines HIPEC can be considered at the time of IDS. Similarly, data supporting the role of HIPEC in association with surgery in case of recurrent disease appear to be controversial in terms of patients and selection and intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimen. Indeed, despite the positive results coming from a prospective randomized trial, they appear to be biased by the inclusion of both platinum sensitive and resistant disease and the lack of information on PFS. Those results are in contrast with data coming from another prospective trial, which failed to demonstrate a survival gain of recurrent ovarian cancer patients treated with secondary cytoreductive surgery + HIPEC with carboplatin (800 mg/m 2 for 90 min) compared to women submitted to cytoreduction only. Again, in this subgroup of patients data of ongoing RCTs are awaited to assess the impact on survival of HIPEC administration in case of recurrent disease.
{"title":"Hyperthermic Intraperitoneal Chemotherapy (HIPEC) in the Management of Advanced Ovarian Cancer. A Literature Review","authors":"V. Ghirardi, R. Trozzi, E. Giudice, G. Scambia, A. Fagotti","doi":"10.31083/j.ejgo4302039","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ejgo4302039","url":null,"abstract":"The rationale behind the use of hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) after cytoreductive surgery is the association between pharmacological activity of chemotherapy delivered to the peritoneal cavity with the enhanced cytotoxic effect of hyperthermia. Data on the efficacy of HIPEC in the primary debulking surgery (PDS) setting are still controversial and limited by the small sample size of most of the studies, the inclusion of different treatment settings and chemotherapy regimens. Among the ongoing prospective trials, only the OVHIPEC-2 trial is investigating exclusively patients submitted to PDS ± HIPEC with cisplatin 100 mg/m 2 and results are expected by 2026. On the interval debulking surgery (IDS) setting high quality data are coming from the result of the OVHIPEC-1 trial, which demonstrated a survival advantage of nearly 4 months in median progression-free survival (PFS) (14.2 months vs . 10.7 months; p = 0.003) and almost 12 months in median overall survival (OS) (45.7 months vs . 33.9 months; p = 0.02) for HIPEC treated patients (cisplatin 100 mg/m 2 ) compared to no-HIPEC group, with comparable morbidity. However, due to some criticisms raised to the results of OVHIPEC-1 trial, the ESMO-ESGO guidelines recommended not to consider HIPEC as standard therapy until results from ongoing randomized control trials (RCTs) are provided. On the contrary, for the National Comprehensive cancer network (NCCN) guidelines HIPEC can be considered at the time of IDS. Similarly, data supporting the role of HIPEC in association with surgery in case of recurrent disease appear to be controversial in terms of patients and selection and intraperitoneal chemotherapy regimen. Indeed, despite the positive results coming from a prospective randomized trial, they appear to be biased by the inclusion of both platinum sensitive and resistant disease and the lack of information on PFS. Those results are in contrast with data coming from another prospective trial, which failed to demonstrate a survival gain of recurrent ovarian cancer patients treated with secondary cytoreductive surgery + HIPEC with carboplatin (800 mg/m 2 for 90 min) compared to women submitted to cytoreduction only. Again, in this subgroup of patients data of ongoing RCTs are awaited to assess the impact on survival of HIPEC administration in case of recurrent disease.","PeriodicalId":11903,"journal":{"name":"European journal of gynaecological oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48018803","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A. Fotiou, V. Psomiadou, A. Prodromidou, C. Iavazzo
Background : Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide and is plagued by a high recurrence rate. Cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy are considered the gold standard treatment for advanced ovarian cancer patients. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a relatively new option, especially for patients with peritoneal and recurrent disease. Case : We intend to present a case of a patient with recurrent ovarian cancer managed initially with primary debulking surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy and afterward with secondary cytoreduction and HIPEC. Conclusion : Complete cytoreduction remains the ultimate goal in the surgical treatment of patients with advanced stage ovarian cancer. Moreover, patients would benefit from the use of HIPEC after the optimal cytoreduction, especially in those with peritoneal metastases. Several studies have shown the utility of HIPEC regarding disease-free and overall survival after extended debulking surgery.
{"title":"CRS and HIPEC in a patient with recurrent ovarian cancer after PDS and adjuvant chemotherapy, a case report and MDT discussion","authors":"A. Fotiou, V. Psomiadou, A. Prodromidou, C. Iavazzo","doi":"10.31083/j.ejgo4302043","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ejgo4302043","url":null,"abstract":"Background : Ovarian cancer is the most lethal gynecologic malignancy worldwide and is plagued by a high recurrence rate. Cytoreductive surgery and adjuvant chemotherapy are considered the gold standard treatment for advanced ovarian cancer patients. Hyperthermic intraperitoneal chemotherapy (HIPEC) is a relatively new option, especially for patients with peritoneal and recurrent disease. Case : We intend to present a case of a patient with recurrent ovarian cancer managed initially with primary debulking surgery plus adjuvant chemotherapy and afterward with secondary cytoreduction and HIPEC. Conclusion : Complete cytoreduction remains the ultimate goal in the surgical treatment of patients with advanced stage ovarian cancer. Moreover, patients would benefit from the use of HIPEC after the optimal cytoreduction, especially in those with peritoneal metastases. Several studies have shown the utility of HIPEC regarding disease-free and overall survival after extended debulking surgery.","PeriodicalId":11903,"journal":{"name":"European journal of gynaecological oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48599320","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Objective : HIC1 is a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) located in the 17p13.3 region that encodes a transcriptional repressor. Research published over the past few years indicates that HIC1 methylation is a critical factor in the oncogenesis of ovarian cancer (OC). However, previous studies had only small sample sizes and thus were unable to reach firm conclusions. Data Sources : Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to further investigate the association between HIC1 methylation and OC. Studies related to HIC1 methylation and OC were identified from searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Medline and CNKI. Methods of Study Selection : Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association between the two factors. Subgroup analysis and Begg’s test were used to evaluate heterogeneity and publication bias. From 591 studies, 7 were selected for meta-analysis and these comprised 455 cases and 278 controls. Tabulation, Integration and Results : A significant association between HIC1 methylation and OC was found under the fixed-effects model (OR = 4.306, 95% CI = 2.846 to 6.515). Subgroup analysis of the control type yielded a less tight association (OR = 4.143, p = 0.147, I 2 = 41.1%). Finally, we conducted analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and found higher HIC1 methylation levels in OC compared to adjacent non-tumor tissue. Conclusion : In conclusion, this meta-analysis found that HIC1 methylation was strongly associated with OC.
{"title":"The association between HIC1 methylation and ovarian cancer: a meta-analysis","authors":"Jiayi Guo, Lifang Sun, Qingqing Lv","doi":"10.31083/j.ejgo4302037","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ejgo4302037","url":null,"abstract":"Objective : HIC1 is a tumor suppressor gene (TSG) located in the 17p13.3 region that encodes a transcriptional repressor. Research published over the past few years indicates that HIC1 methylation is a critical factor in the oncogenesis of ovarian cancer (OC). However, previous studies had only small sample sizes and thus were unable to reach firm conclusions. Data Sources : Therefore, we performed a meta-analysis to further investigate the association between HIC1 methylation and OC. Studies related to HIC1 methylation and OC were identified from searches of PubMed, EMBASE, Medline and CNKI. Methods of Study Selection : Odds ratios (ORs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were used to assess the association between the two factors. Subgroup analysis and Begg’s test were used to evaluate heterogeneity and publication bias. From 591 studies, 7 were selected for meta-analysis and these comprised 455 cases and 278 controls. Tabulation, Integration and Results : A significant association between HIC1 methylation and OC was found under the fixed-effects model (OR = 4.306, 95% CI = 2.846 to 6.515). Subgroup analysis of the control type yielded a less tight association (OR = 4.143, p = 0.147, I 2 = 41.1%). Finally, we conducted analysis of the Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and found higher HIC1 methylation levels in OC compared to adjacent non-tumor tissue. Conclusion : In conclusion, this meta-analysis found that HIC1 methylation was strongly associated with OC.","PeriodicalId":11903,"journal":{"name":"European journal of gynaecological oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46589420","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Krämer, C. Rogmans, Dilek Saylan, D. Friedrich, C. Kraft, G. Rogmans, M. Wirtz, M. Friedrich
Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks expression of the three biomarkers (the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein) and are typically higher grade. While the triple-negative clinical phenotype is heterogeneous, the basal-like molecular subtype comprises a large proportion, particularly for breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 ( BRCA1 )-associated breast cancer. New treatment options are checkpoint inhibitors like inhibition of PD-L1 pathway with pembrolizumab and atezolizumab, parp-inhibition with olaparib or talozoparib and treatment with the an antibody drug conjugate sacituzumab-govitecan.
{"title":"Treatment Progress in Triple Negative Breast Cancer","authors":"S. Krämer, C. Rogmans, Dilek Saylan, D. Friedrich, C. Kraft, G. Rogmans, M. Wirtz, M. Friedrich","doi":"10.31083/j.ejgo4302040","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.31083/j.ejgo4302040","url":null,"abstract":"Triple-negative breast cancer (TNBC) lacks expression of the three biomarkers (the estrogen receptor (ER), progesterone receptor (PR), and the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2) protein) and are typically higher grade. While the triple-negative clinical phenotype is heterogeneous, the basal-like molecular subtype comprises a large proportion, particularly for breast cancer susceptibility gene 1 ( BRCA1 )-associated breast cancer. New treatment options are checkpoint inhibitors like inhibition of PD-L1 pathway with pembrolizumab and atezolizumab, parp-inhibition with olaparib or talozoparib and treatment with the an antibody drug conjugate sacituzumab-govitecan.","PeriodicalId":11903,"journal":{"name":"European journal of gynaecological oncology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.4,"publicationDate":"2022-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47437676","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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