Background: Treatment of patients with fractures of the proximal humerus remains an urgent problem of modern traumatology and orthopedics. The aim of this work was to study the results of surgical treatment of patients with proximal humerus fractures in which plates with angular stability of screws were used for osteosynthesis.Materials and methods: Thirty six patients aged 18 to 75 years with fractures of the proximal humerus, ,were observed after treated in the polytrauma department of the City Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Almaty, Kazakhstan during the period from August 2019 to December 2021. There were12 men (33.4%) and 24 women (66.6%). According to the C.S., Neer patients were distributed as follows: two-part patients - 17 (47.2%), three-part patients - 11 (30.6%), four-partpatients-5(13.9%), fracture-dislocations of the humerus head-3 (8.3% ). Most of the patients applied before 3 days after injury (53.0%).Results: Positive treatment results were achieved in most cases with two and three fragmentary fractures and in those operated early (from 3 to 7 days) after injury. Plates with angular stability of the screws provided excellent and good treatment results in 69.5%, and a satisfactory result in 16.7%. The unsatisfactory results of treatment were 13.8%, and the incidence of postoperative complications was 19.4%.Conclusions: Performing stable osteosynthesis in three- to four-fragment fractures and fracture-dislocations of the humerus head is technically a difficult operation. A study of our material and literature has shown that the incidence of complications after extra-cortical osteosynthesis of the humerus is associated not only with the surgical technique of implant placement, but also with the nature of the damage, including osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, and pathology of bone tissue regeneration.
{"title":"Clinical observation of patients with fractures of the proximal humerus bone in Kazakhstan","authors":"Nabiyev Yergali, Tezekbaev Kanat, Dosmailov Birzhan, Alhodzhaev Saruarbek, Kazantayev Kymbat, Nabiyev Dastan, Zhenisbek Baubekov, Aubakirov Manarbek, Aubakirovа Saule, AbuJazar Ussama, Muradov Mismil, Dilqem Meherremov, Мukhamedkerim Kanat","doi":"10.4314/emj.v61i4.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/emj.v61i4.5","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Treatment of patients with fractures of the proximal humerus remains an urgent problem of modern traumatology and orthopedics. The aim of this work was to study the results of surgical treatment of patients with proximal humerus fractures in which plates with angular stability of screws were used for osteosynthesis.Materials and methods: Thirty six patients aged 18 to 75 years with fractures of the proximal humerus, ,were observed after treated in the polytrauma department of the City Clinical Hospital No. 4 in Almaty, Kazakhstan during the period from August 2019 to December 2021. There were12 men (33.4%) and 24 women (66.6%). According to the C.S., Neer patients were distributed as follows: two-part patients - 17 (47.2%), three-part patients - 11 (30.6%), four-partpatients-5(13.9%), fracture-dislocations of the humerus head-3 (8.3% ). Most of the patients applied before 3 days after injury (53.0%).Results: Positive treatment results were achieved in most cases with two and three fragmentary fractures and in those operated early (from 3 to 7 days) after injury. Plates with angular stability of the screws provided excellent and good treatment results in 69.5%, and a satisfactory result in 16.7%. The unsatisfactory results of treatment were 13.8%, and the incidence of postoperative complications was 19.4%.Conclusions: Performing stable osteosynthesis in three- to four-fragment fractures and fracture-dislocations of the humerus head is technically a difficult operation. A study of our material and literature has shown that the incidence of complications after extra-cortical osteosynthesis of the humerus is associated not only with the surgical technique of implant placement, but also with the nature of the damage, including osteoporosis, osteonecrosis, and pathology of bone tissue regeneration.","PeriodicalId":11937,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Medical Journal","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481028","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fuad Temam, Samia Metena Yahya, Bereket Berhane, Frehiwot Daba, Amanuel Yeneneh Teka, Indris Ahmed Yesuf, Tigist Workneh Leulseged
Background: Cancer is the leading cause of death globally and is on the rise in Africa. Cutaneous neoplasms are becoming increasingly common worldwide. Understanding the pattern of this disease is essential for developing data-driven preventive, screening, and treatment services. However, there are limited studies in Ethiopia so far. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the pattern and associated factors of cutaneous neoplasm among patients with histopathologically confirmed biopsy results at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia from March 2014 to October 2022.Methods: A retrospective record review study was conducted among 1006 patients with histopathologically confirmed cutaneous neoplasms from the biopsies that were assessed at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College. Data was summarized using frequencies, percentages, median (interquartile range), and graphs. To identify significant factors associated with malignant cutaneous neoplasm, a multivariable binary logistic regression model was fitted, where Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR), 95% CIs for AOR, and p-values were used for interpretation of results.Result: From the 1006 cases, 265 (26.3%, 95%CI=23.5%-29.3%) were malignant, of which sarcoma (26.0%) and squamous cell carcinoma (25.7%) were the most frequent and found to be prevalent in younger (19-29 years) and older (≥60 years) patients, respectively. The trunk was the commonest site (54.2%) for all the malignancies, especially sarcoma (80.4%). Age was found to be a significant exposure that is associated with the development of malignant cutaneous neoplasm for those ≥30 years as compared with those ≤18 years, with the odds increasing with age (AOR=2.66, 95% CI=1.10,6.45 for 30-39 years, AOR=4.98, 95% CI= 2.01,12.36 for 40-49 years, AOR=5.33, 95% CI=2.15,13.22 for 50-59 years and AOR= 6.62, 95% CI=2.79,15.66 for ≥60).Conclusion: The prevalence of malignant cutaneous neoplasm is higher than previously reported in the country and the malignancy pattern and distribution are different from what is known so far. This could signal a shift in disease epidemiology, and the findings should be factored into clinical decision making and program design for disease prevention, screening, and treatment. It also calls for further prospective research to learn more about the conditions in the context of additional relevant personal and clinical characteristics
{"title":"Pattern of cutaneous neoplasms and associated factors at a tertiary teaching hospital pathology center in Ethiopia: An eight-year histopathological review","authors":"Fuad Temam, Samia Metena Yahya, Bereket Berhane, Frehiwot Daba, Amanuel Yeneneh Teka, Indris Ahmed Yesuf, Tigist Workneh Leulseged","doi":"10.4314/emj.v61i4.6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/emj.v61i4.6","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Cancer is the leading cause of death globally and is on the rise in Africa. Cutaneous neoplasms are becoming increasingly common worldwide. Understanding the pattern of this disease is essential for developing data-driven preventive, screening, and treatment services. However, there are limited studies in Ethiopia so far. Therefore, the study aimed to assess the pattern and associated factors of cutaneous neoplasm among patients with histopathologically confirmed biopsy results at a tertiary teaching hospital in Ethiopia from March 2014 to October 2022.Methods: A retrospective record review study was conducted among 1006 patients with histopathologically confirmed cutaneous neoplasms from the biopsies that were assessed at St. Paul’s Hospital Millennium Medical College. Data was summarized using frequencies, percentages, median (interquartile range), and graphs. To identify significant factors associated with malignant cutaneous neoplasm, a multivariable binary logistic regression model was fitted, where Adjusted Odds ratio (AOR), 95% CIs for AOR, and p-values were used for interpretation of results.Result: From the 1006 cases, 265 (26.3%, 95%CI=23.5%-29.3%) were malignant, of which sarcoma (26.0%) and squamous cell carcinoma (25.7%) were the most frequent and found to be prevalent in younger (19-29 years) and older (≥60 years) patients, respectively. The trunk was the commonest site (54.2%) for all the malignancies, especially sarcoma (80.4%). Age was found to be a significant exposure that is associated with the development of malignant cutaneous neoplasm for those ≥30 years as compared with those ≤18 years, with the odds increasing with age (AOR=2.66, 95% CI=1.10,6.45 for 30-39 years, AOR=4.98, 95% CI= 2.01,12.36 for 40-49 years, AOR=5.33, 95% CI=2.15,13.22 for 50-59 years and AOR= 6.62, 95% CI=2.79,15.66 for ≥60).Conclusion: The prevalence of malignant cutaneous neoplasm is higher than previously reported in the country and the malignancy pattern and distribution are different from what is known so far. This could signal a shift in disease epidemiology, and the findings should be factored into clinical decision making and program design for disease prevention, screening, and treatment. It also calls for further prospective research to learn more about the conditions in the context of additional relevant personal and clinical characteristics","PeriodicalId":11937,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Medical Journal","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135480701","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Night blindness is a significant public health problem among pregnant women in Ethiopia. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of night blindness and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia.Methods: Studies were searched using electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and gray literature using Google scholar as well as manual search of reference list of previous studies to retrieve related articles. We used a total of Seven primary studies in our review. Quality of all eligible studies was checked using JBI critical appraisal assessment tool. Data extraction and analysis were performed using Microsoft excel-10 and STATA 17 software respectively. Heterogeneity and publication bias were checked using the I2statistic and Egger’s test, respectively. Meta-analysis was carried out using random-effects model.Results: The overall pooled prevalence of night blindness among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 19.32% (95% CI:12.61-26.04).Subgroup analysis revealed that high prevalence of night blindness found in the Amhara region which was 21.41% (95%CI:12.83-30.13),but lower prevalence found in the southern region which was 10%(95% CI:4.23-15.77) and Meta-analysis using two primary studies revealed that those night blinding among age 35 and above have 3.02 (95% CI:1.73-5.24) times higher risk of getting blind compared to those pregnant women age less than 25 years old.Conclusion: The overall pooled prevalence of night blindness among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 19.32%.Pregnant women age greater than 35 years were significantly affected by night blindness So, strengthening the multivitamin supplementation including vitamin A to reproductive age women is crucial and improving women’s married during teenage is an important intervention to tackle maternal night blindness.
{"title":"Night blindness and associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia: A systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Daniel Sisay W/tsadik, Temesgen Leka Lerango, Bereket Bizuneh Bekele, Getachew Asefa, Mesfin Abebe, Habtamu Endashaw Hareru, Yegeta Teshale Asfaw, Solomon Hailemariam Tesfaye","doi":"10.4314/emj.v61i4.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/emj.v61i4.9","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Night blindness is a significant public health problem among pregnant women in Ethiopia. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to estimate the pooled prevalence of night blindness and its associated factors among pregnant women in Ethiopia.Methods: Studies were searched using electronic databases such as PubMed, Science Direct, and gray literature using Google scholar as well as manual search of reference list of previous studies to retrieve related articles. We used a total of Seven primary studies in our review. Quality of all eligible studies was checked using JBI critical appraisal assessment tool. Data extraction and analysis were performed using Microsoft excel-10 and STATA 17 software respectively. Heterogeneity and publication bias were checked using the I2statistic and Egger’s test, respectively. Meta-analysis was carried out using random-effects model.Results: The overall pooled prevalence of night blindness among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 19.32% (95% CI:12.61-26.04).Subgroup analysis revealed that high prevalence of night blindness found in the Amhara region which was 21.41% (95%CI:12.83-30.13),but lower prevalence found in the southern region which was 10%(95% CI:4.23-15.77) and Meta-analysis using two primary studies revealed that those night blinding among age 35 and above have 3.02 (95% CI:1.73-5.24) times higher risk of getting blind compared to those pregnant women age less than 25 years old.Conclusion: The overall pooled prevalence of night blindness among pregnant women in Ethiopia was 19.32%.Pregnant women age greater than 35 years were significantly affected by night blindness So, strengthening the multivitamin supplementation including vitamin A to reproductive age women is crucial and improving women’s married during teenage is an important intervention to tackle maternal night blindness.","PeriodicalId":11937,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Medical Journal","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Assess the impact of medication adherence on quality of life (QOL) in patients with type 2 diabetes in different setting and societies, can be considered as a great clinical importance. Therefore, this study was designed for evaluation of association between medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes with their QOL.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 279 diabetic type 2 positive cases referred to Endocrinology clinic in Hamadan City at the first six months of 2020. The short-form health survey SF-36 and MMAS-8 questionnaire was used for assessing health related QOL and medication adherence of patients, respectively. Correlations between each QOL domain with medication adherence were tested with Pearson's r coefficient.Results: Among investigated patients, 154 (55.2%) of them were male and vast majority were urban dweller (91.07%). The number of 101 patients (36.07%) had high treatment adherence. We found a significant and positive correlation between medication adherence and domains of emotional wellbeing, social functioning, general health and total score of QOL (P>0.05). While there was a significant negative correlation between medication adherence and role limitations due to physical health (r=-0.14, P=0.02).Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, diabetic patients with poor QOL may have less medication adherence, then such patients should be integrated e.g. in self-care education programs and reinforcement interventions to improve QOL and medication adherence.
{"title":"Association between medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes with their quality of life: A cross-sectional study","authors":"Shiva Borzouei, Erfan Ayubi, Saeid Bashirian, Nasim Karimi, Salman Khazaei","doi":"10.4314/emj.v61i4.7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/emj.v61i4.7","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Assess the impact of medication adherence on quality of life (QOL) in patients with type 2 diabetes in different setting and societies, can be considered as a great clinical importance. Therefore, this study was designed for evaluation of association between medication adherence in patients with type 2 diabetes with their QOL.Methods: This cross-sectional study was conducted on 279 diabetic type 2 positive cases referred to Endocrinology clinic in Hamadan City at the first six months of 2020. The short-form health survey SF-36 and MMAS-8 questionnaire was used for assessing health related QOL and medication adherence of patients, respectively. Correlations between each QOL domain with medication adherence were tested with Pearson's r coefficient.Results: Among investigated patients, 154 (55.2%) of them were male and vast majority were urban dweller (91.07%). The number of 101 patients (36.07%) had high treatment adherence. We found a significant and positive correlation between medication adherence and domains of emotional wellbeing, social functioning, general health and total score of QOL (P>0.05). While there was a significant negative correlation between medication adherence and role limitations due to physical health (r=-0.14, P=0.02).Conclusion: Based on the findings of this study, diabetic patients with poor QOL may have less medication adherence, then such patients should be integrated e.g. in self-care education programs and reinforcement interventions to improve QOL and medication adherence.","PeriodicalId":11937,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Medical Journal","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975686","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Tewodros Endale Balcha, Abebe Mekonnen Woldeyohannes, Ermias Assefa Turi
This case report describes a multifocal involvement of Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD), which is a benign lymphohistiocytosis, with emphasis on imaging findings in a 19 yrs old Ethiopian female patient who was sent to radiology department at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) for head and neck and brain imaging evaluations for an indication of bilateral painless neck swelling of 2 years duration. The head and neck computed tomography (CT) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed numerous enlarged cervical lymph nodes and soft tissue infiltration of paranasal sinuses with associated lytic osseous changes as well as multiple intracranial extraaxial dural-based masses. Smears of fine needle aspiration biopsy from cervical lymph nodes confirmed the diagnosis of Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD).
{"title":"Imaging findings of head and neck and intracranial sinus histiocytosis with massive lymphadenopathy (Rosai–dorfman disease): A rare case report","authors":"Tewodros Endale Balcha, Abebe Mekonnen Woldeyohannes, Ermias Assefa Turi","doi":"10.4314/emj.v61i4.10","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/emj.v61i4.10","url":null,"abstract":"This case report describes a multifocal involvement of Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD), which is a benign lymphohistiocytosis, with emphasis on imaging findings in a 19 yrs old Ethiopian female patient who was sent to radiology department at Tikur Anbessa Specialized Hospital (TASH) for head and neck and brain imaging evaluations for an indication of bilateral painless neck swelling of 2 years duration. The head and neck computed tomography (CT) and brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) revealed numerous enlarged cervical lymph nodes and soft tissue infiltration of paranasal sinuses with associated lytic osseous changes as well as multiple intracranial extraaxial dural-based masses. Smears of fine needle aspiration biopsy from cervical lymph nodes confirmed the diagnosis of Rosai–Dorfman disease (RDD).","PeriodicalId":11937,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Medical Journal","volume":"438 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Two decades of health workforce development planning: What do we learn/miss","authors":"Wendemagegn Embiale","doi":"10.4314/emj.v61i4.1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/emj.v61i4.1","url":null,"abstract":"No abstract.","PeriodicalId":11937,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Medical Journal","volume":"22 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481372","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background: Lens-induced glaucoma after untreated mature cataract is the commonest cause of secondary glaucoma in the developing world. The purpose of this study was to determine the common clinical features of lensinduced glaucoma, its management, and its outcome at Menelik II tertiary hospital, in Ethiopia.Methods and Materials: This was a retrospective study of cases that were seen at the hospital from January to December 2020. Lens-induced glaucoma patients who undergo cataract extraction were included in the study. Medical charts review was performed, and analysis was done using SPSS version 24.0 Software.Results: Forty-four lens-induced glaucoma patients were included in this study. Female participants were 65.9%. The mean age was 63.3(±Standard deviation (SD) 8.7) years. Phacomorphic glaucoma 88.6% was the leading cause. The common clinical symptoms identified were eye pain (100%), visual reduction (97.7%), and redness (38.8%). Visual acuity (3/60) or worse was reported in all patients with mean intraocular pressure of 37.3mmHg. After cataract surgery, the mean intraocular pressure reduced to 14.5± 6.55 mmHg while vision improved to better than 6/60 in 28 (63.6%) of patients. Of these, 21 (75%) patients seek medical treatment in the first two weeks of initial symptom.Conclusion: This study has identified the main cause of LIG was phacomorphic with the common clinical findings of pain, redness, and visual reduction. Early cataract extraction was associated with better final visual recovery and intraocular pressure control. An intraoperative complication was often observed in those with delayed presentation. Therefore, creating awareness among the general population and healthcare givers is key to the timely management of lens-induced glaucoma.
{"title":"Lens-induced glaucoma - In a Tertiary Eye Care Center, Ethiopia","authors":"Feven Tadesse, Abeba T. Giorgis, Abiye M. Alemu","doi":"10.4314/emj.v61i4.4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/emj.v61i4.4","url":null,"abstract":"Background: Lens-induced glaucoma after untreated mature cataract is the commonest cause of secondary glaucoma in the developing world. The purpose of this study was to determine the common clinical features of lensinduced glaucoma, its management, and its outcome at Menelik II tertiary hospital, in Ethiopia.Methods and Materials: This was a retrospective study of cases that were seen at the hospital from January to December 2020. Lens-induced glaucoma patients who undergo cataract extraction were included in the study. Medical charts review was performed, and analysis was done using SPSS version 24.0 Software.Results: Forty-four lens-induced glaucoma patients were included in this study. Female participants were 65.9%. The mean age was 63.3(±Standard deviation (SD) 8.7) years. Phacomorphic glaucoma 88.6% was the leading cause. The common clinical symptoms identified were eye pain (100%), visual reduction (97.7%), and redness (38.8%). Visual acuity (3/60) or worse was reported in all patients with mean intraocular pressure of 37.3mmHg. After cataract surgery, the mean intraocular pressure reduced to 14.5± 6.55 mmHg while vision improved to better than 6/60 in 28 (63.6%) of patients. Of these, 21 (75%) patients seek medical treatment in the first two weeks of initial symptom.Conclusion: This study has identified the main cause of LIG was phacomorphic with the common clinical findings of pain, redness, and visual reduction. Early cataract extraction was associated with better final visual recovery and intraocular pressure control. An intraoperative complication was often observed in those with delayed presentation. Therefore, creating awareness among the general population and healthcare givers is key to the timely management of lens-induced glaucoma.","PeriodicalId":11937,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Medical Journal","volume":"57 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481529","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Background and Aim: Since the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic prevailed globally, followed by the provision of its vaccine, social media users worldwide have come to discuss the issue and exchange views accordingly. It seems highly important to understand the nature of the content that users discussing the COVID-19 vaccination regarding the community's general health. Therefore, this systematic review was designed to evaluate the issues and emotions of users on social media regarding the COVID-19 vaccine.Material and Methods: The research data of this systematic review were extracted from the onset of the COVID-19 until November 20, 2021, by employing a proper search strategy in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The original research articles published in English consistent with the study objective were considered the research inclusion criteria. The authors excluded all short articles, letters to the editor, conference proceeding, review articles, and papers whose full texts were not available.Results: The results revealed that most of the users' expressed emotions about the vaccine on social media were positive or neutral, and there were few negative emotions. The most frequent topics in posts and comments shared by social media users included safety and effectiveness, vaccine development and its speed, prevention policies, and health and political authorities.Conclusion: Nowadays, social media can help understand attitudes and behaviors during a public health crisis and promote health messages. Accordingly, it appears crucial to get aware of people's perspectives on social media platforms to assist in designing communication strategies for health policymakers.
背景与目的:自2019冠状病毒病(COVID-19)在全球流行并提供疫苗以来，全球社交媒体用户纷纷就此问题进行讨论并交换意见。了解用户讨论COVID-19疫苗接种的内容的性质对社区整体健康至关重要。因此，本系统综述旨在评估社交媒体上用户对COVID-19疫苗的问题和情绪。材料和方法:本系统评价的研究数据提取自2019冠状病毒病发病至2021年11月20日，通过在PubMed、Scopus和Web of Science数据库中采用适当的搜索策略。以符合研究目的的英文原创研究文章作为研究纳入标准。作者排除了所有的短文、给编辑的信、会议记录、评论文章和无法获得全文的论文。结果:结果显示，用户在社交媒体上对疫苗表达的情绪大多为正面或中性，负面情绪较少。社交媒体用户分享的帖子和评论中最常见的主题包括安全性和有效性、疫苗开发及其速度、预防政策以及卫生和政治当局。结论:如今，社交媒体可以帮助了解公共卫生危机中的态度和行为，并促进健康信息。因此，了解人们在社交媒体平台上的观点，以协助卫生政策制定者设计沟通战略，似乎至关重要。
{"title":"Topics and Users' Emotions on Social Media Regarding the COVID-19 Vaccine: A Systematic Review","authors":"Meisam Dastani, Mahsa Dalili Shoaei","doi":"10.4314/emj.v61i4.8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/emj.v61i4.8","url":null,"abstract":"Background and Aim: Since the Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic prevailed globally, followed by the provision of its vaccine, social media users worldwide have come to discuss the issue and exchange views accordingly. It seems highly important to understand the nature of the content that users discussing the COVID-19 vaccination regarding the community's general health. Therefore, this systematic review was designed to evaluate the issues and emotions of users on social media regarding the COVID-19 vaccine.Material and Methods: The research data of this systematic review were extracted from the onset of the COVID-19 until November 20, 2021, by employing a proper search strategy in PubMed, Scopus, and Web of Science databases. The original research articles published in English consistent with the study objective were considered the research inclusion criteria. The authors excluded all short articles, letters to the editor, conference proceeding, review articles, and papers whose full texts were not available.Results: The results revealed that most of the users' expressed emotions about the vaccine on social media were positive or neutral, and there were few negative emotions. The most frequent topics in posts and comments shared by social media users included safety and effectiveness, vaccine development and its speed, prevention policies, and health and political authorities.Conclusion: Nowadays, social media can help understand attitudes and behaviors during a public health crisis and promote health messages. Accordingly, it appears crucial to get aware of people's perspectives on social media platforms to assist in designing communication strategies for health policymakers.","PeriodicalId":11937,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Medical Journal","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975690","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Fascioliasis, a disease caused by liver flukes. It is one of the neglected zoonotic diseases. There are only a few reports of fascioliasis from Ethiopia and no case with predominant extrahepatic presentation has been reported so far. We report a case of young woman, who presented with a two weeks of dry cough and generalized pruritus. Her workup revealed marked eosinophilia and multiple, hypodense, and hypovascular hepatic lesions. An enzymelinked assay became positive for Fasciola hepatica. Fasciola hepatica can present with predominant extra hepatic presentation and should be considered in patients presenting with urticaria, skin rash, cough and eosinophilia.
{"title":"Human fascioliasis: A diagnostic challenge in resource limited setting","authors":"Brook Alemayehu, Zekewos Demissie, Eyob Beyene","doi":"10.4314/emj.v61i4.11","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/emj.v61i4.11","url":null,"abstract":"Fascioliasis, a disease caused by liver flukes. It is one of the neglected zoonotic diseases. There are only a few reports of fascioliasis from Ethiopia and no case with predominant extrahepatic presentation has been reported so far. We report a case of young woman, who presented with a two weeks of dry cough and generalized pruritus. Her workup revealed marked eosinophilia and multiple, hypodense, and hypovascular hepatic lesions. An enzymelinked assay became positive for Fasciola hepatica. Fasciola hepatica can present with predominant extra hepatic presentation and should be considered in patients presenting with urticaria, skin rash, cough and eosinophilia.","PeriodicalId":11937,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Medical Journal","volume":"34 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134975861","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Aim: To explore the social and psychological consequences of stroke among stroke survivors and their caregivers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with stroke survivors (n=13) and their caregivers (n=13) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Interviews were conducted in Amharic and were audiotaped. After repeated listening to the records and reading the transcripts, a thematic analysis was conducted.Results: Six themes emerged: explanatory model, new body, living on a bread line, psychological toll, elephant in the room, and finding a silver lining. Stroke survivors described stroke as a sudden event that changed their life forever. Some participants attributed it to the devil’s doing, spirit possession (“ልክፍት”) and their sins. Both survivors and their caregivers reported financial crises related tohe disability, inability to return to work, treatment, and transportation costs. Both survivors and caregivers described the psychological tolls such as emotional ups and downs, anxiety, frustration, sleep problem, and suicidal ideation. Survivors reported distancing themselves from social activities or events whereas; caregivers reported that they did not have enough time to be a part of one. Stroke survivors considered surviving the stroke as a blessing. Caregivers say they have set their minds to be thankful to God that they have their loved ones around despite all the limitations.Conclusion: Stroke survivors and their caregivers suffer from financial crises and emotional up and downs. This warrants the need for compressive social and psychological interventions in addition to the usual physical care provided for such cases in low-income countries.
{"title":"Life after stroke: exploring social and psychological consequences of stroke survivors and their caregivers","authors":"Seble Shewangizaw, Wubalem Fekadu, Catherine Sackley, Atalay Alem","doi":"10.4314/emj.v61i4.3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.4314/emj.v61i4.3","url":null,"abstract":"Aim: To explore the social and psychological consequences of stroke among stroke survivors and their caregivers in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia.Methods: We conducted in-depth interviews with stroke survivors (n=13) and their caregivers (n=13) in Addis Ababa, Ethiopia. Interviews were conducted in Amharic and were audiotaped. After repeated listening to the records and reading the transcripts, a thematic analysis was conducted.Results: Six themes emerged: explanatory model, new body, living on a bread line, psychological toll, elephant in the room, and finding a silver lining. Stroke survivors described stroke as a sudden event that changed their life forever. Some participants attributed it to the devil’s doing, spirit possession (“ልክፍት”) and their sins. Both survivors and their caregivers reported financial crises related tohe disability, inability to return to work, treatment, and transportation costs. Both survivors and caregivers described the psychological tolls such as emotional ups and downs, anxiety, frustration, sleep problem, and suicidal ideation. Survivors reported distancing themselves from social activities or events whereas; caregivers reported that they did not have enough time to be a part of one. Stroke survivors considered surviving the stroke as a blessing. Caregivers say they have set their minds to be thankful to God that they have their loved ones around despite all the limitations.Conclusion: Stroke survivors and their caregivers suffer from financial crises and emotional up and downs. This warrants the need for compressive social and psychological interventions in addition to the usual physical care provided for such cases in low-income countries.","PeriodicalId":11937,"journal":{"name":"Ethiopian Medical Journal","volume":"440 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135481712","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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