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Penerapan Seagulls Optimization Algorithm untuk Menyelesaikan Open Vehicle Routing Problem 基于Menyelesaikan开放式车辆路径问题的日本海鸥优化算法
Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.20473/conmatha.v4i1.34549
Laula Ika Setya Rahman, A. B. Pratiwi, H. Suprajitno
This paper aims to solve the problem of Open Vehicle Routing Problem using Seagulls Optimization Algorithm. Open Vehicle Routing Problem (OVRP) is a variation of Vehicle Routing Problem (VRP) which will not return to the depot after visiting the last customer, is different from VRP which requires the vehicle to return to the depot because the company have insufficient number of vehicles for the distribution of products to customers so they must to rent vehicles and this OVRP aims to minimize the total cost of distributing products with the shortest optimal distance to meet the demands of each customer with private vehicles and rental vehicles. Seagulls Optimization Algorithm (SOA) is the algorithm inspired by the behaviour of seagulls in migrating and ways of attacking the pray of seagulls in nature. In general, the process begins with generating the initial position, evaluating the objective function, the migration process, the attacking process to get a new position, compare the objective function for the new position and the old position, update the position and save the best seagulls in each iteration until the maximum iteration is met. The program used to complete OVRP with Seagulls Optimization Algorithm is Borland C++ and implemented using 3 case examples, small data with 18 customers, medium data 50 customers and large data 100 customers. Based on the implementation results, it can be concluded that the higher number of seagulls, iterations and the smaller the control variable value tend to effect minimum cost gained.
本文旨在利用海鸥优化算法解决开放式车辆路径问题。开放式车辆路线问题(OVRP)是车辆路线问题(VRP)的一种变体,即访问最后一个客户后不会返回仓库。与VRP不同,VRP要求车辆返回仓库,因为公司没有足够的车辆向客户分发产品,所以他们必须租用车辆,这种OVRP旨在以最短的最佳距离最小化配送产品的总成本,以满足每个客户的需求,私家车和租赁车辆。海鸥优化算法(SOA)是受海鸥迁徙行为和自然界中海鸥捕食方式的启发而提出的一种算法。一般来说,这个过程从生成初始位置、评估目标函数、迁移过程、攻击过程开始,得到一个新的位置,比较新位置和旧位置的目标函数,更新位置,并在每次迭代中保存最优海鸥,直到满足最大迭代。使用海鸥优化算法完成OVRP的程序是Borland c++,采用3个案例实现,小数据18个客户,中数据50个客户,大数据100个客户。从实现结果可以看出,越高的海鸥数、迭代次数和越小的控制变量值越倾向于影响获得的最小成本。
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引用次数: 0
Pewarnaan Titik Ketakteraturan Lokal Inklusif pada Hasil Operasi Comb Graf Bintang 在恒星Comb手术中,局部的不规则点被纳入
Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.20473/conmatha.v4i1.33606
Arika Indah Kristiana, Surya Indriani, E.R Albirri
Let G(V,E) is a simple graph and connected where V(G) is vertex set and E(G) is edge set. An inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring is defined by a mapping l:V(G) à {1,2,…, k} as vertex labeling and wi : V(G) à N is function of inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring, with wi(v) = l(v) + ∑u∈N(v) l(u). In other words, an inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring is to assign a color to the graph with the resulting weight value by adding up the labels of the vertices that are neighbouring to its own label. The minimum number of colors produced from inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring of graph G is called inclusive chromatic number local irregularity, denoted by Xlisi(G). In this paper, we learn about the inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring and determine the chromatic number of comb product on star graph.
设G(V,E)是一个连通的简单图,其中V(G)是顶点集,E (G)是边集。包含局部不规则顶点着色由映射l:V(G) {1,2,…,k}定义为顶点标记,wi:V(G) N是包含局部不规则顶点着色的函数,其中wi(V) = l(V) +∑u∈N(V) l(u)。换句话说,包容性局部不规则顶点着色是通过将与自己的标签相邻的顶点的标签相加,为具有结果权重值的图分配颜色。图G的包含局部不规则顶点着色产生的最小颜色数称为包含色数局部不规则,用Xlisi(G)表示。本文研究了包含局部不规则顶点着色,并确定了星图上梳积的色数。
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引用次数: 1
Analisis Kestabilan Model Matematika Predator-Prey pada Dinamika Sosial 分析捕食性数学模型对社会动力学的稳定性
Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.20473/conmatha.v4i1.34147
Laurensia Regina Bestari Gepak, Miswanto Miswanto, Cicik Alfiniyah
In social life, difference and diversity is something that cannot be denied by anyone. Starting from differences horizontally concerning ethnicity, language, customs to religion and vertically concerning the political, social, cultural to economic fields. The existence of these many differences can certainly bring positive and negative impacts in social life. With diversity, interaction in society is dynamic, but it results in the emergence of negative attitudes such as egoism and competition between groups. From the occurrence of this can trigger the problem of social inequality in the community. Social inequality can occur because of national development efforts that only focus on economic aspects and forget about social aspects. The purpose of this thesis is to discuss the stability analysis of the predator-prey mathematical model on social dynamics with the Holling type II functional response. From this model analysis, we obtained four equilibrium points, which are the equilibrium point for the extinction of all population (E0) which is unstable, then the equilibrium point for the extinction of the non-poor population and the poor (E1) and the extinction of the non-poor population (E2) which are stable with certain conditions and coexistence (E3) which is to be asymptotically stable. Also in the final section, we perform the numerical simulation to supports the analytical result.
在社会生活中,差异和多样性是任何人都不能否认的。从民族、语言、习俗到宗教的横向差异,从政治、社会、文化到经济领域的纵向差异出发。这些差异的存在当然会给社会生活带来积极和消极的影响。由于多样性,社会中的互动是动态的,但它导致了消极态度的出现,如利己主义和群体之间的竞争。从这种情况的发生可以引发社会不平等的问题。社会不平等的发生是由于国家的发展努力只注重经济方面而忘记了社会方面。本文的目的是讨论具有Holling II型功能响应的捕食者-猎物社会动力学数学模型的稳定性分析。通过模型分析,得到了4个平衡点,即所有种群灭绝时的平衡点(E0)是不稳定的,非贫困种群和贫困种群灭绝时的平衡点(E1),非贫困种群在一定条件下稳定共存时的平衡点(E3)是渐近稳定的。在最后一节,我们进行了数值模拟来支持分析结果。
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引用次数: 0
Pewarnaan Titik Ketakteraturan Lokal Inklusif pada Keluarga Graf Unicyclic Unicyclic家庭的局部不适应斑纹斑纹
Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.20473/conmatha.v4i1.33607
A. I. Kristiana, Muhammad Gufronil Halim, R. Adawiyah
The graph in this paper is a simple and connected graph with V(G) is vertex set and  E(G) is edge set. An inklusif local irregularity vertex coloring is defined should be maping l:V(G) à {1,2,…, k} as vertex labeling and wi : V(G) à N is function of inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring, with wi(v) = l(v) + ∑u∈N(v) l(u) in other words, an inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring is to assign a color to the graph with the resulting weight value by adding up the labels of the vertices that are should be neighboring to its own label. The minimum number of colors produced from inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring of graph G is called inclusive chromatic number local irregularity, denoted by Xlisi(G). Should be in this paper, we learn about the inclusive local irregularity vertex coloring and determine the chromatic number on unicyclic graphs.
本文的图是一个简单连通图,其中V(G)为顶点集,E(G)为边集。一个inklusif局部不规则顶点着色定义为映射l:V(G) {1,2,…,k}作为顶点标记,而wi:V(G) N是包含局部不规则顶点着色的函数,其中wi(V) = l(V) +∑u∈N(V) l(u)换句话说,包含局部不规则顶点着色是通过将应该与自己的标记相邻的顶点的标记相加,为具有结果权重值的图分配颜色。图G的包含局部不规则顶点着色产生的最小颜色数称为包含色数局部不规则,用Xlisi(G)表示。在本文中,我们学习了包涵局部不规则顶点着色,并确定了单环图上的色数。
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引用次数: 1
Pembentukan Model Pohon Keputusan pada Database Car Evaluation Menggunakan Statistik Chi-Square
Pub Date : 2022-03-29 DOI: 10.20473/conmatha.v4i1.34393
Retno Maharesi
The study discusses problems related to the formation of a decision tree based on a collection of evaluation data records obtained from a number of car buyers. This secondary data was obtained from the UCL machine learning website. The purpose of this research is to produce a prototype algorithm for obtaining an inductive decision tree based on Chi-square statistics. An inductive decision tree formation method based on the Chi-square contingency test was compared with a decision tree obtained using a machine learning algorithm which was done using RapidMiner5 software. The work to produce an inductive decision tree was carried out by first processing data using Microsoft excel and next processed using SPSS software, on the crosstabs descriptive menu. The results of the two methods provide some kind of similar rules, in terms of the order of priority of the variables that most influencing people's decision to accept an automotive product. The formation of the decision tree uses a random sampling of size 300 data records among 1729 respondent data records in the car evaluation database. The resulting decision tree should have a minimal structure like a binary tree. This is possible because its formation is based on the statistical inferential method, so it does not require a separate pruning process as an addition step in the C4.5 algorithm, which actually this algorithm also considers aspects of the statistical significance.
该研究讨论了基于从许多购车者那里获得的评估数据记录的集合形成决策树的相关问题。这些辅助数据来自伦敦大学学院的机器学习网站。本研究的目的是提出一种基于卡方统计的归纳决策树的原型算法。将基于卡方权变检验的归纳决策树生成方法与基于机器学习算法的决策树生成方法在RapidMiner5软件上进行了比较。产生归纳决策树的工作是通过首先使用Microsoft excel处理数据,然后使用SPSS软件在交叉表描述性菜单上进行处理。两种方法的结果提供了某种类似的规则,就最影响人们接受汽车产品的决定的变量的优先顺序而言。决策树的形成使用从汽车评价数据库的1729个应答者数据记录中随机抽取300条数据记录。最终的决策树应该具有像二叉树那样的最小结构。这是可能的,因为它的形成是基于统计推理的方法,所以在C4.5算法中不需要单独的修剪过程作为一个附加步骤,实际上该算法也考虑了统计显著性的方面。
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引用次数: 0
Analisis Kestabilan Model Predator-Prey dengan Adanya Faktor Tempat Persembunyian Menggunakan Fungsi Respon Holling Tipe III 捕食模型模型的稳定性分析其使用Holling - III响应功能隐藏因子的存在
Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.20473/conmatha.v3i2.30493
Riris Nur Patria Putri
Predation is interaction between predator and prey, where predator preys prey. So predators can grow, develop, and reproduce. In order for prey to avoid predators, then prey needs a refuge. In this thesis, a predator-prey model with refuge factor using Holling type III response function which has three populations, i.e. prey population in the refuge, prey population outside the refuge, and predator population. From the model, three equilibrium points were obtained, those are extinction of the three populations which is unstable, while extinction of predator population and coexistence are asymptotic stable under certain conditions. The numerical simulation results show that refuge have an impact the survival of the prey.
捕食是捕食者和猎物之间的相互作用,捕食者捕食猎物。所以食肉动物可以生长、发育和繁殖。为了躲避捕食者,猎物需要一个避难所。本文采用Holling III型响应函数建立了一个具有避难因子的捕食者-食饵模型,该模型包含三个种群,即避难区内的猎物种群、避难区外的猎物种群和捕食者种群。从模型中得到三个平衡点,即三个种群的灭绝是不稳定的,而捕食者种群的灭绝和共存在一定条件下是渐近稳定的。数值模拟结果表明,避难所对猎物的生存有一定的影响。
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引用次数: 0
Polinomial Pembangun dari Ideal dan Dimensi dari Kode Siklik 周期性代码的理想和维度的构造多项式
Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.20473/conmatha.v3i2.29887
Tuhfatul Janan, Moh. Imam Utoyo, F. Fatmawati
Dalam penelitian ini, diberikan hubungan antara ideal dan kode siklik serta sifat-sifat polinomial pembangun dari ideal dan dimensi dari kode siklik. Sifat-sifat tersebut antara lain hubungan antara polinomial pembangun dari ideal dengan polinomial monik dengan derajat terkecil di ideal, eksistensi dan ketunggalan dari polinomial pembangun dari ideal, hubungan antara polinomial pembangun dari ideal dengan pembagi monik dari , dan hubungan antara derajat dari polinomial pembangun dari ideal dan dimensi dari kode siklik.
在本研究中,考虑到理想与循环代码代码之间的关系以及周期代码的理想和维度的多项式构造属性。理想特质包括多项式的建设者之间的关系与多项式monik存诚实度最小,在理想的存在和多项式的理想,理想的多项式建设者之间关系的建设者和monik分配器,度之间的关系从多项式环理想的建设者和密码的维度。
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引用次数: 0
Hybrid Extreme Learning Machine dan Firefly Algorithm untuk Meramalkan Nilai Tukar Rupiah terhadap Dolar
Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.20473/conmatha.v3i2.29802
Ilham Ramadhani, Aulia Damayanti, Edi Winarko
Every country has a currency as a medium of exchange and the movement of its exchange rate can affect the economy of the country. In Indonesia, since the freely floating exchange rates system has been applied in August 1997, the value of rupiah currency in the foreign exchange market can change at any time. Considering the massive impacts of exchange rate fluctuation on the economy, then forecasting the exchange rate of rupiah against the US dollar is important to help Indonesia’s economic growth. The aims of this thesis is to predict the estimated exchange rate of rupiah against the US dollar in the future by using hybrid artificial neural network extreme learning machine (ELM) method and firefly algorithm (FA). In the training process, ELM-FA hybrid has a role to obtain the best weight and bias. The weight and bias that obtained will be used for forecasting and to know the success rate of the training process, the validation test process is required. Based on the implementation of program and simulation for some parameter values on the exchange rate data from Jan 2015 until Jan 2018, with four input and hidden nodes, and one output node, obtained the smallest MSE of the training is 0.000480513 with MSE of the testing is 0.0000854107. The relatively small MSE value indicates that ELM-FA network is able to recognize the data pattern well and able to predict the test data well.
每个国家都有一种货币作为交换媒介,其汇率的变动会影响到该国的经济。在印度尼西亚,自1997年8月实行自由浮动汇率制度以来,印尼盾在外汇市场上的价值随时可以变化。考虑到汇率波动对经济的巨大影响,那么预测印尼盾对美元的汇率对印尼的经济增长是非常重要的。本文的目的是利用混合人工神经网络极限学习机(ELM)方法和萤火虫算法(FA)来预测未来印尼盾对美元的估计汇率。在训练过程中,ELM-FA混合具有获得最佳权值和偏差的作用。获得的权重和偏差将用于预测,并且为了知道训练过程的成功率,需要验证测试过程。通过对2015年1月至2018年1月汇率数据的部分参数值进行程序实现和仿真,其中有4个输入和隐藏节点,1个输出节点,得到训练的最小MSE为0.000480513,测试的MSE为0.0000854107。相对较小的MSE值表明ELM-FA网络能够很好地识别数据模式,并且能够很好地预测测试数据。
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引用次数: 0
Norms on Quotient Spaces of The 2-Inner Product Space 2-内积空间的商空间的范数
Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.20473/conmatha.v3i2.29853
Harmanus Batkunde
This paper discussed about construction of some quotients spaces of the 2-inner product spaces. On those quotient spaces, we defined an inner product with respect to a linear independent set. These inner products was derived from the -inner product. We then defined a norm which induced by the inner product in these quotient spaces.
讨论了2-内积空间中若干商空间的构造。在这些商空间上,我们定义了一个关于线性无关集合的内积。这些内积是由-内积推导出来的。然后,我们定义了一个由商空间内积导出的范数。
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引用次数: 2
Penyelesaian Container Stowage Problem untuk Kontainer Ukuran 20 Feet menggunakan Whale Optimization Algorithm
Pub Date : 2021-10-13 DOI: 10.20473/conmatha.v3i2.29670
Quinn Nathania P.J.Y, A. B. Pratiwi, H. Suprajitno
This paper has purpose to solve Container Stowage Problem (CSP) for 20 feet container using Whale Optimization Algorithm (WOA). CSP is a problem discussing about how to stowage a container on the ship where the purpose to minimize the unloading time. Moreover, 20 feet container is one of container types. WOA is a recently developed swarm-based metaheuristic algorithm that is based on the bubble net hunting maneuver technique of humpback whales for solving complex optimization problems. WOA had three procedures, first encircling prey, second bubble-net attacking method or exploitation phase, and third search for prey or exploration phase. WOA application program or resolving solve CSP for 20 feet container was made by using Borland C++ programming language which was implemented in three cases types of CSP data, first, the small data taking about nine containers with the number of  bays, rows and tiers, respectively, are 4, 4, 4. The second and third data was medium data and big data with 62 containers and 95 containers each data, and had the number of bays, rows and tiers, respectively, are 14, 4, 5. After executing the program can be concluded the unloading time will be better if the number of whales is larger, while the number of iterations and the number of parameter control for shape of a logaritma spiral  don’t affect the solution.
本文旨在利用鲸鱼优化算法(WOA)解决20英尺集装箱的积载问题。CSP是一个讨论如何在船舶上装载集装箱的问题,其目的是最大限度地减少卸货时间。此外,20英尺集装箱是集装箱类型之一。WOA是近年来发展起来的一种基于群的元启发式算法,它基于座头鲸的气泡网狩猎机动技术来解决复杂的优化问题。WOA有三个阶段,第一阶段是包围猎物,第二阶段是泡泡网攻击法或利用阶段,第三阶段是寻找猎物或探索阶段。采用Borland c++编程语言编写了求解20英尺集装箱CSP的WOA应用程序,并对CSP数据的三种情况进行了实现:第一种情况,小数据约为9个集装箱,舱数、行数、层数分别为4、4、4。第二个和第三个数据是中型数据和大数据,每个数据有62个集装箱和95个集装箱,舱数为14个,行数为4个,层数为5个。执行程序后可以得出结论,鲸鱼数量越多卸载时间越好,而迭代次数和对数螺旋形状参数控制次数对解不产生影响。
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引用次数: 0
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Contemporary Mathematics and Applications (ConMathA)
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