Effective urban planning and management rely on accurate land cover mapping, which can be achieved through the combination of remote sensing data and machine learning algorithms. This study aimed to explore and demonstrate the potential benefits of integrating Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2 MSI satellite imagery for urban land cover classification in Gondar city, Ethiopia. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data from Sentinel-1A and Multispectral Instrument (MSI) data from Sentinel-2B for the year 2023 were utilized for this research work. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) machine learning algorithms were utilized for the classification process. Google Earth Engine (GEE) was used for the processing, classification, and validation of the remote sensing data. The findings of the research provided valuable insights into the performance evaluation of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms for image classification using different datasets, namely Sentinel 2B Multispectral Instrument (MSI) and Sentinel 1A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. When applied to the Sentinel 2B MSI dataset, both SVM and RF achieved an overall accuracy (OA) of 0.69, with a moderate level of agreement indicated by the Kappa score of 0.357. For the Sentinel 1A SAR data, SVM maintained the same OA of 0.69 but showed an improved Kappa score of 0.67, indicating its suitability for SAR image classification. In contrast, RF achieved a slightly lower OA of 0.66 with Sentinel 1A SAR data. However, when the datasets of Sentinel 2B MSI and Sentinel 1A SAR were combined, SVM achieved an impressive OA of 0.91 with a high Kappa score of 0.80, while RF achieved an OA of 0.81 with a Kappa score of 0.809. These findings highlight the potential of fusing satellite data from multiple sources to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of image classification algorithms, making them valuable tools for various applications, including land use mapping and environmental monitoring.
{"title":"Fusion of sentinel-1 SAR and sentinel-2 MSI data for accurate Urban land use-land cover classification in Gondar City, Ethiopia","authors":"Shimelis Sishah Dagne, Hurgesa Hundera Hirpha, Addisu Teshome Tekoye, Yeshambel Barko Dessie, Adane Addis Endeshaw","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00324-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00324-5","url":null,"abstract":"Effective urban planning and management rely on accurate land cover mapping, which can be achieved through the combination of remote sensing data and machine learning algorithms. This study aimed to explore and demonstrate the potential benefits of integrating Sentinel-1 SAR and Sentinel-2 MSI satellite imagery for urban land cover classification in Gondar city, Ethiopia. Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data from Sentinel-1A and Multispectral Instrument (MSI) data from Sentinel-2B for the year 2023 were utilized for this research work. Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) machine learning algorithms were utilized for the classification process. Google Earth Engine (GEE) was used for the processing, classification, and validation of the remote sensing data. The findings of the research provided valuable insights into the performance evaluation of the Support Vector Machine (SVM) and Random Forest (RF) algorithms for image classification using different datasets, namely Sentinel 2B Multispectral Instrument (MSI) and Sentinel 1A Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) data. When applied to the Sentinel 2B MSI dataset, both SVM and RF achieved an overall accuracy (OA) of 0.69, with a moderate level of agreement indicated by the Kappa score of 0.357. For the Sentinel 1A SAR data, SVM maintained the same OA of 0.69 but showed an improved Kappa score of 0.67, indicating its suitability for SAR image classification. In contrast, RF achieved a slightly lower OA of 0.66 with Sentinel 1A SAR data. However, when the datasets of Sentinel 2B MSI and Sentinel 1A SAR were combined, SVM achieved an impressive OA of 0.91 with a high Kappa score of 0.80, while RF achieved an OA of 0.81 with a Kappa score of 0.809. These findings highlight the potential of fusing satellite data from multiple sources to enhance the accuracy and effectiveness of image classification algorithms, making them valuable tools for various applications, including land use mapping and environmental monitoring.","PeriodicalId":12037,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Systems Research","volume":"26 12","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138503367","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-27DOI: 10.1186/s40068-023-00323-6
Eric Gbenatey Nartey, Ruben Sakrabani, Sean Tyrrel, Olufunke Cofie
Correction: Environ Syst Res (2023) 12:33 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00319-2
The Funding information was missing in the Funding and Acknowledgements sections from this article (Nartey et al. 2023) and should have read as given below.
Acknowledgements
Funding from the UKRI GCRF QR also facilitated some of the laboratory analysis.
Funding
Funding for the research was from Sue White Fund for Africa (SWF)—Cranfield University and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI). Funding from the UKRI GCRF QR also facilitated some of the laboratory analysis.
The original article has been corrected.
Nartey EG, Sakrabani R, Tyrrel S, Cofie O (2023) Assessing consistency in the aerobic cocomposting of faecal sludge and food waste in a municipality in Ghana. Environ Syst Res 12:33
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Authors and Affiliations
School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, College Rd, Cranfield, Wharley End, Bedford, MK43 0AL, UK
Eric Gbenatey Nartey, Ruben Sakrabani & Sean Tyrrel
International Water Management Institute, PMB CT 112, Cantonment, Accra, Ghana
Eric Gbenatey Nartey & Olufunke Cofie
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Eric Gbenatey NarteyView author publications
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Ruben SakrabaniView author publications
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Sean TyrrelView author publications
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Olufunke CofieView author publications
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Correspondence to Ruben Sakrabani.
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Open Access This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is n
更正:Environ system Res (2023) 12:33 https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00319-2The本文(Nartey et al. 2023)的资助和致谢部分缺少资助信息，应按以下内容阅读。来自UKRI GCRF QR的资助也为一些实验室分析提供了便利。这项研究的资金来自苏·怀特非洲基金(SWF) -克兰菲尔德大学和国际水管理研究所(IWMI)。来自UKRI GCRF QR的资助也促进了一些实验室分析。原文已被更正。Nartey EG, Sakrabani R, Tyrrel S, Cofie O(2023)在加纳城市粪便污泥和食物垃圾的好氧共堆肥的一致性评估。作者与联系克兰菲尔德大学水、能源与环境学院，克兰菲尔德学院路，贝德福德，沃利端，mk430al, UKEric Gbenatey Nartey, Ruben Sakrabani &;Sean tyrrel国际水管理研究所，PMB CT 112，加纳，阿克拉。Olufunke CofieAuthorsEric Gbenatey NarteyView作者出版物您也可以在PubMed Google ScholarRuben SakrabaniView作者出版物中搜索此作者您也可以在PubMed Google ScholarSean TyrrelView作者出版物中搜索此作者您也可以在PubMed Google ScholarOlufunke CofieView作者出版物中搜索此作者您还可以在PubMed Google ScholarOlufunke CofieView作者出版物中搜索此作者对应作者与Ruben Sakrabani的通信。出版商声明:对于已出版的地图和机构关系中的管辖权要求，普林格·自然保持中立。开放获取本文遵循知识共享署名4.0国际许可协议，该协议允许以任何媒介或格式使用、共享、改编、分发和复制，只要您适当地注明原作者和来源，提供知识共享许可协议的链接，并注明是否进行了更改。本文中的图像或其他第三方材料包含在文章的知识共享许可协议中，除非在材料的署名中另有说明。如果材料未包含在文章的知识共享许可中，并且您的预期用途不被法律法规允许或超过允许的用途，您将需要直接获得版权所有者的许可。要查看本许可协议的副本，请访问http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.Reprints和permission.com。更正:在加纳的一个城市评估粪便污泥和食物垃圾的好氧共堆肥的一致性。环境科学学报，12,39(2023)。https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00323-6Download citation出版日期:2023年11月27日doi: https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00323-6Share这篇文章任何你分享以下链接的人都可以阅读到这篇文章:获取可共享链接对不起，这篇文章目前没有可共享的链接。复制到剪贴板由Springer Nature shareit内容共享计划提供
{"title":"Correction: Assessing consistency in the aerobic cocomposting of faecal sludge and food waste in a municipality in Ghana","authors":"Eric Gbenatey Nartey, Ruben Sakrabani, Sean Tyrrel, Olufunke Cofie","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00323-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00323-6","url":null,"abstract":"<br/><p><b>Correction: Environ Syst Res (2023) 12:33 </b><b>https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00319-2</b></p><br/><p>The Funding information was missing in the Funding and Acknowledgements sections from this article (Nartey et al. 2023) and should have read as given below.</p><br/><p><b>Acknowledgements</b></p><br/><p>Funding from the UKRI GCRF QR also facilitated some of the laboratory analysis.</p><br/><p><b>Funding</b></p><br/><p>Funding for the research was from Sue White Fund for Africa (SWF)—Cranfield University and the International Water Management Institute (IWMI). Funding from the UKRI GCRF QR also facilitated some of the laboratory analysis.</p><p>The original article has been corrected.</p><ul data-track-component=\"outbound reference\"><li><p>Nartey EG, Sakrabani R, Tyrrel S, Cofie O (2023) Assessing consistency in the aerobic cocomposting of faecal sludge and food waste in a municipality in Ghana. Environ Syst Res 12:33</p><p>Article Google Scholar </p></li></ul><p>Download references<svg aria-hidden=\"true\" focusable=\"false\" height=\"16\" role=\"img\" width=\"16\"><use xlink:href=\"#icon-eds-i-download-medium\" xmlns:xlink=\"http://www.w3.org/1999/xlink\"></use></svg></p><h3>Authors and Affiliations</h3><ol><li><p>School of Water, Energy and Environment, Cranfield University, College Rd, Cranfield, Wharley End, Bedford, MK43 0AL, UK</p><p>Eric Gbenatey Nartey, Ruben Sakrabani & Sean Tyrrel</p></li><li><p>International Water Management Institute, PMB CT 112, Cantonment, Accra, Ghana</p><p>Eric Gbenatey Nartey & Olufunke Cofie</p></li></ol><span>Authors</span><ol><li><span>Eric Gbenatey Nartey</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Ruben Sakrabani</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Sean Tyrrel</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li><li><span>Olufunke Cofie</span>View author publications<p>You can also search for this author in <span>PubMed<span> </span>Google Scholar</span></p></li></ol><h3>Corresponding author</h3><p>Correspondence to Ruben Sakrabani.</p><h3>Publisher's Note</h3><p>Springer Nature remains neutral with regard to jurisdictional claims in published maps and institutional affiliations.</p><p><b>Open Access</b> This article is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License, which permits use, sharing, adaptation, distribution and reproduction in any medium or format, as long as you give appropriate credit to the original author(s) and the source, provide a link to the Creative Commons licence, and indicate if changes were made. The images or other third party material in this article are included in the article's Creative Commons licence, unless indicated otherwise in a credit line to the material. If material is n","PeriodicalId":12037,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Systems Research","volume":"27 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138503366","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-17DOI: 10.1186/s40068-023-00320-9
Siviwe Odwa Malongweni, Johan van Tol
Savannas are characterized by the co-occurrence of two different plant life forms: grasses and trees. Herbivory plays a major role in the balance between grasses and trees in savanna ecosystems. The present study aimed to investigate the impact and interactions between long-term (i.e. 20 years) herbivory and/or its exclusion and plant life form on the soil biochemistry of a protected semi-arid savanna ecosystem in the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa. To study the effects of herbivory on soil properties, herbivore exclosures (fully fenced areas, partially fenced areas, and an unfenced area) were used in conjunction with plant life form (trees and grasses) were considered. Interaction effects of herbivory and plant life form on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC), available phosphorus (available P), exchangeable cations (K+, Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic matter (OM) and total microbial activity were determined on savanna soils in the Nkuhlu exclosures, KNP. Exclosures where herbivores were present had significantly higher soil pH, The presence of herbivores caused an increase in soil pH, EC, exchangeable Na, CEC, and OM. The influence of the tree canopy was significantly more pronounced in elevating total C and N, exchangeable K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, CEC and OM than observed in the open grassland zones across all exclosures. The two-way interaction between herbivory and plant life form resulted in significant decreases in TN, TC, exchangeable K, Na and Mg in open grassland areas outside of herbivore exclosures where large animals had direct access, as compared to areas within the exclosures which was protected from animal entry herbivory. This data can be used by national parks as an indicator to increase their knowledge of environmental issues relating to maintaining and preserving landscape features of savannas.
{"title":"Medium-term interactive effects of herbivores and plant life form on the biochemistry of shallow sandy soils in a protected semi-arid savanna","authors":"Siviwe Odwa Malongweni, Johan van Tol","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00320-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00320-9","url":null,"abstract":"Savannas are characterized by the co-occurrence of two different plant life forms: grasses and trees. Herbivory plays a major role in the balance between grasses and trees in savanna ecosystems. The present study aimed to investigate the impact and interactions between long-term (i.e. 20 years) herbivory and/or its exclusion and plant life form on the soil biochemistry of a protected semi-arid savanna ecosystem in the Kruger National Park (KNP), South Africa. To study the effects of herbivory on soil properties, herbivore exclosures (fully fenced areas, partially fenced areas, and an unfenced area) were used in conjunction with plant life form (trees and grasses) were considered. Interaction effects of herbivory and plant life form on soil pH, electrical conductivity (EC), total nitrogen (TN), total carbon (TC), available phosphorus (available P), exchangeable cations (K+, Na+, Mg2+ and Ca2+) cation exchange capacity (CEC), organic matter (OM) and total microbial activity were determined on savanna soils in the Nkuhlu exclosures, KNP. Exclosures where herbivores were present had significantly higher soil pH, The presence of herbivores caused an increase in soil pH, EC, exchangeable Na, CEC, and OM. The influence of the tree canopy was significantly more pronounced in elevating total C and N, exchangeable K+, Mg2+ and Ca2+, CEC and OM than observed in the open grassland zones across all exclosures. The two-way interaction between herbivory and plant life form resulted in significant decreases in TN, TC, exchangeable K, Na and Mg in open grassland areas outside of herbivore exclosures where large animals had direct access, as compared to areas within the exclosures which was protected from animal entry herbivory. This data can be used by national parks as an indicator to increase their knowledge of environmental issues relating to maintaining and preserving landscape features of savannas.","PeriodicalId":12037,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Systems Research","volume":"27 2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138503365","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-15DOI: 10.1186/s40068-023-00322-7
Ohene B. Apea, Bennet Edem Akorley, Emmanuel O. Oyelude, Boateng Ampadu
Ceramic water filters (CWFs) are point-of-use devices mostly used in developing countries as a result of their effectiveness in the treatment of household water. However, there is a dearth of knowledge on the metal ions adsorption behavior of the filter materials. Therefore, this study investigates the adsorption behavior of the divalent metal ions using commercially available ceramic water filters as adsorbents, in a batch experiment and compared the data, to the extent of metal ion removal during filtration. The ceramic water filters were characterized with x-ray fluorescence spectrometer, x-ray powder diffractometer and fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer. An adsorption batch experiment was conducted and filtration experiments were performed to determine the extent of divalent metal ions removed. The results of the study showed that divalent metal ions were adsorbed efficiently by ceramic water filters. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model best described the kinetic behavior of metal ion removal process. The extent of adsorption of ceramic water filters was in the range: 7.015–335.77 mgg−1. The adsorption patterns fitted the Freundlich isotherm model while the entropy, enthalpy, and Gibbs free energy, indicate that the processes for all CWF-adsorbents are endothermic, feasible and spontaneous. The kinetic and thermodynamic behavior of CWF-adsorbents indicate that the mechanism of the sorption process is chemisorption. There was a significant difference in the amount of divalent metal ions adsorbed in batch experiments compared to filtration experiments for ceramic water filter materials (Pot filter and candle filter). The metal ions adsorption potentials of ceramic water filters are found to be rate dependent; hence the rate of filtration must be of concern to manufacturers.
{"title":"Evaluation of the adsorption behavior and divalent metal ions removal efficiency of ceramic point-of-use water filter materials","authors":"Ohene B. Apea, Bennet Edem Akorley, Emmanuel O. Oyelude, Boateng Ampadu","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00322-7","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00322-7","url":null,"abstract":"Ceramic water filters (CWFs) are point-of-use devices mostly used in developing countries as a result of their effectiveness in the treatment of household water. However, there is a dearth of knowledge on the metal ions adsorption behavior of the filter materials. Therefore, this study investigates the adsorption behavior of the divalent metal ions using commercially available ceramic water filters as adsorbents, in a batch experiment and compared the data, to the extent of metal ion removal during filtration. The ceramic water filters were characterized with x-ray fluorescence spectrometer, x-ray powder diffractometer and fourier-transform infrared spectrophotometer. An adsorption batch experiment was conducted and filtration experiments were performed to determine the extent of divalent metal ions removed. The results of the study showed that divalent metal ions were adsorbed efficiently by ceramic water filters. The pseudo-second-order kinetic model best described the kinetic behavior of metal ion removal process. The extent of adsorption of ceramic water filters was in the range: 7.015–335.77 mgg−1. The adsorption patterns fitted the Freundlich isotherm model while the entropy, enthalpy, and Gibbs free energy, indicate that the processes for all CWF-adsorbents are endothermic, feasible and spontaneous. The kinetic and thermodynamic behavior of CWF-adsorbents indicate that the mechanism of the sorption process is chemisorption. There was a significant difference in the amount of divalent metal ions adsorbed in batch experiments compared to filtration experiments for ceramic water filter materials (Pot filter and candle filter). The metal ions adsorption potentials of ceramic water filters are found to be rate dependent; hence the rate of filtration must be of concern to manufacturers.","PeriodicalId":12037,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Systems Research","volume":"27 3","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138503364","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Abstract Five (5) winter wheat genotypes were evaluated based on the Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) under irrigation and rainfed conditions. A randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement was used with 30 treatment combinations during the two consecutive cropping seasons, from 2017 to 2019. The NDVI was used to evaluate the differences in wheat genotypes growth from the effects of irrigation and rainfed. The results indicated that NDVI values varied at all vegetative stages and that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in NDVI indices among genotypes throughout the growth period, especially at the booting and grain-filling stages from the end of March to mid-May. However the indices started to decrease immediately after physiological maturity. In the entire study, the maximum NDVI was 0.82 for the Zhongmai-36 genotype, corresponding to a grain yield of 8.05 mg ha −1 and was obtained in irrigation group. The maximum NDVI in rainfed group was 0.78 from Zhongmai-36 and corresponded to the grain yield of 7.28 mg ha −1 . This study suggests that among the other four genotypes, Zhongmai-36 could be prioritized under limited irrigation without compromising grain yield (GY). Since the NDVI, leaf area index (LAI) and GY related positively during the entire growth period therefore, can be used for the real time monitoring of wheat growth seasonal water requirements and grain yield simulation. This information could be used by agricultural stakeholders and decision-makers in early warning of food security concerning wheat productivity.
摘要采用归一化营养指数(NDVI)对5个冬小麦基因型进行了评价。在2017 - 2019年连续两个种植季，采用30个处理组合的随机完全区组设计，采用分畦布置。利用NDVI评价了灌溉和雨养对小麦基因型生长的影响。结果表明，NDVI值在各营养阶段均存在差异，且差异显著(p <3月底至5月中旬孕穗期和灌浆期各基因型NDVI指数差异显著(0.05)。生理成熟后，这些指标立即开始下降。灌水组中麦-36基因型NDVI最大，为0.82，对应的籽粒产量为8.05 mg ha - 1。雨养组中麦36的NDVI最大值为0.78，对应的产量为7.28 mg ha−1。本研究表明，在其他4个基因型中，中麦-36可以在不影响产量的条件下，在有限的灌溉条件下优先选用。由于NDVI、叶面积指数(LAI)与GY在整个生育期均呈正相关，因此可用于小麦生长季节需水量的实时监测和籽粒产量模拟。这些信息可被农业利益相关者和决策者用于小麦生产力的粮食安全预警。
{"title":"Effects of irrigation and rainfed practices on Normalized Difference Vegetative Index of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) and its Implications on Grain Yield in Northern China","authors":"Tumaini Erasto Robert Mazengo, Zhongying Guo, Xiaoying Liu, Yingnan Wu, Yuzhong Li, Catherine Gwandu","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00303-w","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00303-w","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Five (5) winter wheat genotypes were evaluated based on the Normalized Difference Vegetative Index (NDVI) under irrigation and rainfed conditions. A randomized complete block design in a split-plot arrangement was used with 30 treatment combinations during the two consecutive cropping seasons, from 2017 to 2019. The NDVI was used to evaluate the differences in wheat genotypes growth from the effects of irrigation and rainfed. The results indicated that NDVI values varied at all vegetative stages and that there were significant differences (p < 0.05) in NDVI indices among genotypes throughout the growth period, especially at the booting and grain-filling stages from the end of March to mid-May. However the indices started to decrease immediately after physiological maturity. In the entire study, the maximum NDVI was 0.82 for the Zhongmai-36 genotype, corresponding to a grain yield of 8.05 mg ha −1 and was obtained in irrigation group. The maximum NDVI in rainfed group was 0.78 from Zhongmai-36 and corresponded to the grain yield of 7.28 mg ha −1 . This study suggests that among the other four genotypes, Zhongmai-36 could be prioritized under limited irrigation without compromising grain yield (GY). Since the NDVI, leaf area index (LAI) and GY related positively during the entire growth period therefore, can be used for the real time monitoring of wheat growth seasonal water requirements and grain yield simulation. This information could be used by agricultural stakeholders and decision-makers in early warning of food security concerning wheat productivity.","PeriodicalId":12037,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Systems Research","volume":"41 5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135041758","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-09DOI: 10.1186/s40068-023-00318-3
Samira Abedi, Mojtaba Ansari, Mahdi Haghighatbin, Seyed Amir Mansouri
Abstract Qanats, as traditional and intelligent water infrastructures, have garnered attention across various scientific disciplines. However, a comprehensive, holistic view of Qanats remains elusive. This study aims to identify and present a thorough perspective on Qanat features. To achieve this objective, a semi-systematic review methodology was employed. The semi-systematic or narrative review approach is well-suited for subjects that span multiple disciplines and different periods. The research process commenced with an extensive search for the keyword “Qanat” within the titles and abstracts of articles across the MagIran, ScienceDirect, Taylor and Francis, and Springer databases. Subsequently, a thematic content analysis method was applied to analyze the content of these articles. Thematic content analysis involves the identification and presentation of recurring patterns in the form of distinct themes within the textual data. At this stage, Qanat features were extracted from the articles and categorized thematically. The research findings underscore the functional significance of Qanats as vital water supply systems. Furthermore, within the realm of management, Qanats are recognized as essential water infrastructures. In light of these findings, this study incorporates relevant literature from the infrastructure domain to systematically categorize Qanat features. In the research, the Landscape approach, characterized by its objective-subjective perspective, will serve as an overarching narrative framework to comprehensively classify all Qanat features. The resulting model portrays Qanats as possessing a diverse spectrum of tangible and intangible attributes, spanning environmental, cultural, social, and economic domains. This comprehensive analysis enhances our understanding of the multifaceted nature of Qanats, facilitating their preservation and sustainable management.
摘要:坎儿井作为传统的智能水基础设施，已经引起了各个科学学科的关注。然而，对坎儿井的全面、整体的看法仍然难以捉摸。本研究旨在识别和呈现坎儿井特征的全面视角。为了实现这一目标，采用了半系统的审查方法。半系统或叙述性的复习方法非常适合于跨越多个学科和不同时期的科目。研究过程开始于在MagIran、ScienceDirect、Taylor and Francis和Springer数据库的文章标题和摘要中广泛搜索关键词“Qanat”。随后，运用主题内容分析法对这些文章的内容进行分析。主题内容分析涉及识别和呈现文本数据中不同主题形式的重复模式。在这一阶段，从文章中提取古兰经特征并进行主题分类。研究结果强调了坎儿井作为重要供水系统的功能意义。此外，在管理领域，坎儿井被认为是必不可少的水基础设施。根据这些发现，本研究结合了基础设施领域的相关文献，对坎儿井特征进行了系统的分类。在研究中，景观方法以其主客观视角为特征，将作为一个总体叙事框架，对《古兰经》的所有特征进行综合分类。由此产生的模型将卡纳特描绘为拥有多种有形和无形属性，跨越环境，文化，社会和经济领域。这一综合分析增强了我们对坎儿井多面性的理解，促进了它们的保护和可持续管理。
{"title":"Comprehensive classification and categorization of Qanat features: an interdisciplinary exploration using landscape infrastructure concept and semi-systematic review","authors":"Samira Abedi, Mojtaba Ansari, Mahdi Haghighatbin, Seyed Amir Mansouri","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00318-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00318-3","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Qanats, as traditional and intelligent water infrastructures, have garnered attention across various scientific disciplines. However, a comprehensive, holistic view of Qanats remains elusive. This study aims to identify and present a thorough perspective on Qanat features. To achieve this objective, a semi-systematic review methodology was employed. The semi-systematic or narrative review approach is well-suited for subjects that span multiple disciplines and different periods. The research process commenced with an extensive search for the keyword “Qanat” within the titles and abstracts of articles across the MagIran, ScienceDirect, Taylor and Francis, and Springer databases. Subsequently, a thematic content analysis method was applied to analyze the content of these articles. Thematic content analysis involves the identification and presentation of recurring patterns in the form of distinct themes within the textual data. At this stage, Qanat features were extracted from the articles and categorized thematically. The research findings underscore the functional significance of Qanats as vital water supply systems. Furthermore, within the realm of management, Qanats are recognized as essential water infrastructures. In light of these findings, this study incorporates relevant literature from the infrastructure domain to systematically categorize Qanat features. In the research, the Landscape approach, characterized by its objective-subjective perspective, will serve as an overarching narrative framework to comprehensively classify all Qanat features. The resulting model portrays Qanats as possessing a diverse spectrum of tangible and intangible attributes, spanning environmental, cultural, social, and economic domains. This comprehensive analysis enhances our understanding of the multifaceted nature of Qanats, facilitating their preservation and sustainable management.","PeriodicalId":12037,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Systems Research","volume":" 17","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135241559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-11-06DOI: 10.1186/s40068-023-00321-8
Moses Kiwanuka, Cyrus Chelangat, Ambrose Mubialiwo, Francis Joel Lay, Ayubu Mugisha, Webster Joel Mbujje, Hosea Eridadi Mutanda
{"title":"Correction to: Dam breach analysis of Kibimba Dam in Uganda using HEC-RAS and HEC-GeoRAS","authors":"Moses Kiwanuka, Cyrus Chelangat, Ambrose Mubialiwo, Francis Joel Lay, Ayubu Mugisha, Webster Joel Mbujje, Hosea Eridadi Mutanda","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00321-8","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00321-8","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12037,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Systems Research","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135634457","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-30DOI: 10.1186/s40068-023-00319-2
Eric Gbenatey Nartey, Ruben Sakrabani, Sean Tyrrel, Olufunke Cofie
Abstract Background A faecal sludge (FS) co-composting study assessed the extent of consistency in compost characteristics between and within batches. The study focused on the consistency of the co-composting process by measuring the variability of key parameters. Method The set up consisted of 12 FS and food waste (FW) co-composting piles in three successive batches (1, 2 and 3). Consistency was assessed in the three successive batches of co-composted FS and food waste (FW). Within batches, consistency was assessed in each of them by dividing it into four separate replicate piles. Characteristics of interest were E. coli , as well as selected physico-chemical parameters (pH, EC, Mg, Ca, N, NH 4 -N, NO 3 -N, P, avail. P, and K) and heavy metals (Se, Fe, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Cr). Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS. Result Results show that, E. coli levels were not consistent between the successive batches during the entire co-composting process. While variations between batches were only observed for EC and nutrient parameters, variations were evident for several measured characteristics within batches. The measured coefficient of variations (CVs) within batches ranged between 0–125% and 3–111% for heavy metals and nutrients, respectively. Conclusion In conclusion, there was less consistency in nutrients between successive batches and CV within batches was wide. Consistency levels for E. coli may not be an issue if pathogen inactivation is complete. Recommendation It is recommended that a threshold value be created for determining what is an acceptable level of variation in FS co-composting.
摘要背景一项粪便污泥(FS)共堆肥研究评估了批次之间和批次内堆肥特性的一致性程度。通过测量关键参数的变异性，研究了共堆肥过程的一致性。方法设置12个FS与食物垃圾(FW)共堆肥桩，分3个批次(1、2、3)，对连续3批次FS与食物垃圾共堆肥的一致性进行评价。在批次内，通过将其分成四个单独的重复堆来评估每个批次的一致性。感兴趣的特征是大肠杆菌，以及选定的理化参数(pH, EC, Mg, Ca, N, nh4 -N, no3 -N, P, avail)。P和K)和重金属(Se、Fe、Cd、Cu、Hg、Ni、Pb和Cr)。数据采用SPSS进行方差分析(ANOVA)。结果结果表明，在整个堆肥过程中，各批次的大肠杆菌含量不一致。虽然批次之间只观察到EC和营养参数的变化，但批次内的几个测量特征的变化是明显的。测定的批内重金属和营养物质变异系数(cv)分别为0 ~ 125%和3 ~ 111%。结论连续批间营养成分一致性较差，批内CV较宽。如果病原体完全灭活，大肠杆菌的一致性水平可能不是问题。建议建议创建一个阈值，以确定FS共堆肥的可接受变化水平。
{"title":"Assessing consistency in the aerobic co-composting of faecal sludge and food waste in a municipality in Ghana","authors":"Eric Gbenatey Nartey, Ruben Sakrabani, Sean Tyrrel, Olufunke Cofie","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00319-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00319-2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Background A faecal sludge (FS) co-composting study assessed the extent of consistency in compost characteristics between and within batches. The study focused on the consistency of the co-composting process by measuring the variability of key parameters. Method The set up consisted of 12 FS and food waste (FW) co-composting piles in three successive batches (1, 2 and 3). Consistency was assessed in the three successive batches of co-composted FS and food waste (FW). Within batches, consistency was assessed in each of them by dividing it into four separate replicate piles. Characteristics of interest were E. coli , as well as selected physico-chemical parameters (pH, EC, Mg, Ca, N, NH 4 -N, NO 3 -N, P, avail. P, and K) and heavy metals (Se, Fe, Cd, Cu, Hg, Ni, Pb and Cr). Data were subjected to analysis of variance (ANOVA) using SPSS. Result Results show that, E. coli levels were not consistent between the successive batches during the entire co-composting process. While variations between batches were only observed for EC and nutrient parameters, variations were evident for several measured characteristics within batches. The measured coefficient of variations (CVs) within batches ranged between 0–125% and 3–111% for heavy metals and nutrients, respectively. Conclusion In conclusion, there was less consistency in nutrients between successive batches and CV within batches was wide. Consistency levels for E. coli may not be an issue if pathogen inactivation is complete. Recommendation It is recommended that a threshold value be created for determining what is an acceptable level of variation in FS co-composting.","PeriodicalId":12037,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Systems Research","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136067863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-12DOI: 10.1186/s40068-023-00316-5
Raihan Sorker, Mohammad Wahidur Khan, Alamgir Kabir, Nowshin Nawar
Abstract Urban sprawl is a global phenomenon that has resulted in a substantial impact on ecosystem services. This study assessed how land use changes have affected the ecosystem services in Dhaka and Gazipur districts, two important economic centers of Bangladesh. This study analyzed changes in land use categories and their effects on ecosystem services during a thirty-year period, from 1990 to 2020, using LandSat data and published coefficient values. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was undertaken to evaluate the ramifications of altering these coefficients on the resultant estimated values. The study revealed that in both Dhaka and Gazipur districts, the expansion of settlement areas and the reduction in tree vegetation cover have led to a significant decline in the overall value of ecosystem services. Over a 30-year timeframe, Gazipur experienced a more substantial loss in tree vegetation cover compared to Dhaka, whereas Dhaka witnessed a greater increase in settlement areas than Gazipur. Remarkably, during the most recent decade (2010–2020), the Gazipur district encountered heightened urban expansion and a more significant reduction in tree vegetation compared to Dhaka. The loss of the entire ecosystem service value was significant, amounting to USD 206.24 million for Dhaka and USD 381.27 million for Gazipur. This loss was primarily attributed to the decline in agricultural land, water bodies, rivers, and a reduction in tree vegetation. The study recommends that a more responsible land-use plan be created to protect tree vegetation, sustainable agriculture, and water bodies, which have the highest ecosystem service value in the study area. Overall, this study highlights the need for sustainable land-use techniques and offers insightful information about how urbanization affects ecosystem services in the investigated areas.
{"title":"Variations in ecosystem service value in response to land use changes in Dhaka and Gazipur Districts of Bangladesh","authors":"Raihan Sorker, Mohammad Wahidur Khan, Alamgir Kabir, Nowshin Nawar","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00316-5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00316-5","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Urban sprawl is a global phenomenon that has resulted in a substantial impact on ecosystem services. This study assessed how land use changes have affected the ecosystem services in Dhaka and Gazipur districts, two important economic centers of Bangladesh. This study analyzed changes in land use categories and their effects on ecosystem services during a thirty-year period, from 1990 to 2020, using LandSat data and published coefficient values. Additionally, a sensitivity analysis was undertaken to evaluate the ramifications of altering these coefficients on the resultant estimated values. The study revealed that in both Dhaka and Gazipur districts, the expansion of settlement areas and the reduction in tree vegetation cover have led to a significant decline in the overall value of ecosystem services. Over a 30-year timeframe, Gazipur experienced a more substantial loss in tree vegetation cover compared to Dhaka, whereas Dhaka witnessed a greater increase in settlement areas than Gazipur. Remarkably, during the most recent decade (2010–2020), the Gazipur district encountered heightened urban expansion and a more significant reduction in tree vegetation compared to Dhaka. The loss of the entire ecosystem service value was significant, amounting to USD 206.24 million for Dhaka and USD 381.27 million for Gazipur. This loss was primarily attributed to the decline in agricultural land, water bodies, rivers, and a reduction in tree vegetation. The study recommends that a more responsible land-use plan be created to protect tree vegetation, sustainable agriculture, and water bodies, which have the highest ecosystem service value in the study area. Overall, this study highlights the need for sustainable land-use techniques and offers insightful information about how urbanization affects ecosystem services in the investigated areas.","PeriodicalId":12037,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Systems Research","volume":"248 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135967671","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-09DOI: 10.1186/s40068-023-00317-4
Moses Kiwanuka, Cyrus Chelangat, Ambrose Mubialiwo, Francis Joel Lay, Ayubu Mugisha, Joel Webster Mbujje, Hosea Eridadi Mutanda
Abstract Dam failures have severe consequences on human life and property. In the case of an earth filled Kibimba Dam located in Eastern Uganda, the occurrence of a flood equal to or larger than the probable maximum food (PMF) could result in catastrophic economic losses including loss of human life. This study utilized the USACE Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) and Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Geographic River Analysis System (HEC-GeoRAS) to analyze the potential dam break of Kibimba Dam, considering overtopping and piping failure scenarios. The results of the analysis revealed that the spillway of Kibimba Dam possesses sufficient capacity to safely discharge a flood resulting from a probable maximum flood peak of 400 m 3 /s. Therefore, the dam is not susceptible to breach under the overtopping failure mode. However, the dam failed under the piping failure mode. To assess the downstream impact of the dam break, the breach hydrographs resulting from piping failure were examined. Consequently, the study investigated the effects of flood propagation downstream of the dam. This resulted in varying inundation depths of up to 6 m and velocities ranging from 1.2 to 10 m/s. These findings highlight the devastating consequences of Kibimba Dam's failure, particularly affecting rice field plantations, infrastructure, and other economic activities in the downstream area. Therefore, the outcomes of this study are crucial for the development of Emergency Action Plans that incorporate dam breach and flood routing analyses specific to the affected downstream regions.
{"title":"Dam breach analysis of Kibimba Dam in Uganda using HEC-RAS and HEC-GeoRAS","authors":"Moses Kiwanuka, Cyrus Chelangat, Ambrose Mubialiwo, Francis Joel Lay, Ayubu Mugisha, Joel Webster Mbujje, Hosea Eridadi Mutanda","doi":"10.1186/s40068-023-00317-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1186/s40068-023-00317-4","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Dam failures have severe consequences on human life and property. In the case of an earth filled Kibimba Dam located in Eastern Uganda, the occurrence of a flood equal to or larger than the probable maximum food (PMF) could result in catastrophic economic losses including loss of human life. This study utilized the USACE Hydrologic Engineering Center's River Analysis System (HEC-RAS) and Hydrologic Engineering Center’s Geographic River Analysis System (HEC-GeoRAS) to analyze the potential dam break of Kibimba Dam, considering overtopping and piping failure scenarios. The results of the analysis revealed that the spillway of Kibimba Dam possesses sufficient capacity to safely discharge a flood resulting from a probable maximum flood peak of 400 m 3 /s. Therefore, the dam is not susceptible to breach under the overtopping failure mode. However, the dam failed under the piping failure mode. To assess the downstream impact of the dam break, the breach hydrographs resulting from piping failure were examined. Consequently, the study investigated the effects of flood propagation downstream of the dam. This resulted in varying inundation depths of up to 6 m and velocities ranging from 1.2 to 10 m/s. These findings highlight the devastating consequences of Kibimba Dam's failure, particularly affecting rice field plantations, infrastructure, and other economic activities in the downstream area. Therefore, the outcomes of this study are crucial for the development of Emergency Action Plans that incorporate dam breach and flood routing analyses specific to the affected downstream regions.","PeriodicalId":12037,"journal":{"name":"Environmental Systems Research","volume":"65 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135093049","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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