眼科学报最新文献

Purpose: To perform ophthalmic examinations to evaluate the ocular characteristics of children living in the Tibet plateau and diagnosed with congenital heart disease.

Methods: Children with congenital heart disease underwent a conventional ocular examination including distant acuity test, slit-lamp examination, fundus examination, non-contact intraocular pressure measurement, measurement of corneal thickness, and fundus photography.

Results: Forty-two Tibetan children, aged between 4 and 18 years and diagnosed with congenital heart disease, were enrolled in this study. The percentage of low visual acuity was 4.76%, mean intraocular pressure was (13.67 ± 2.15) mmHg, average corneal thickness was (492.55 ± 33.79) μm, 96.43% had an anterior chamber depth of 1/2 corneal thickness (CT), and 35.7% had an obvious fundus vascular tortuosity.

Conclusion: This study adds to the understanding of the ocular status of the population living in the Tibet plateau, thereby offering clinical evidence for the prevention and treatment of eye diseases in this area.

Purpose: To investigate the genotyping of Foxp3-3279 (A/Crs376158) genes in patients with dust mite-induced allergic conjunctivitis from Guangdong province and to explore the association between these genes and the susceptibility to dust mite allergic conjunctivitis.

Methods: In total, 80 patients with dust mite allergic conjunctivitis and 103 healthy Han Chinese were enrolled in the study and received genotyping of Foxp3-3279 (A/C,rs376158) by PCR-SSP technique.

Results: Genotype frequency of Foxp3-3279 AA, CA, and CC in patients with dust mite allergic conjunctivitis were 1.25%, 25.00% and 73.75%,respectively. Gene frequency of C and A in patients with dust mite allergic conjunctivitis were 86.25% and 13.75% with no significant difference from healthy counterparts (both P > 0.05).

Conclusion: Foxp3-3279 polymorphisms did not significantly differ between patients with dust mite allergic conjunctivitis and healthy controls, implying that this genetic locus is probably not an independent risk factor of the underlying pathogenesis of dust mite allergic conjunctivitis.

Purpose: Open globe eye injuries can have profound social and economic consequences. Here, we describe two cases of war and outdoor activity open globe eye injury where, despite a low OTS score, current microsurgical technology allowed for a favorable outcome.

Case report 1: A 33-year-old Libyan soldier had been treated for an open-globe grenade blast trauma to his left eye, which showed light perception and OTS score 2. He had undergone a lensectomy and PPV with silicone oil tamponade. Surgical treatment included scleral buckling, cornea trephination, temporary Eckardt keratoprosthesis, PPV revision, intraocular lens (IOL) implantation, and corneal grafting. Six months later, his VA was improved to 20/70. CASE REPORT 2: A 35-year-old man presented with a corneal laceration in his left eye from a meat skewer, with marked hypotony and LP. After primary corneal wound closure, B-scan ultrasonography revealed massive vitreous hemorrhage (OTS score 2). The patient underwent open cataract extraction with IOL implantation, 23 gauge PPV, laser photocoagulation of the retinochoroidal laceration, and a gas tamponade. After three weeks, the patient underwent a 2nd 23G PPV due to a fibrinous reaction. Six month later, the patients exhibited 20/25 VA.

Conclusion: These cases confirm that even for patients with a low OTS and poor visual prognosis, an up-to-date surgery protocol may achieve visual results adequate for leading an autonomous daily life.

Purpose: To observe the ultrasonographic features of patients with persistent hyperplastic primary vitreous (PHPV).

Methods: Thirty-two subjects (34 eyes) diagnosed with PHPV were evaluated by ultrasonography.

Results: The ultrasonography demonstrated a retrolental mass extending from the optic disc to the posterior lens capsule, manifested as band, regular triangle, or inverted triangle shapes. The band-shaped echo was characterized as a linear band extended from the optic disc to the posterior lens capsule. The regular triangle-shaped echo was manifested as a membranous septum with a wide base extended from the optic disc to the posterior lens capsule, and the anterior part became narrower. The inverted triangle echo was characterized as a membranous septum with a narrow base extended from the optic disc to the posterior lens capsule, and the anterior part become wider.

Conclusion: Ultrasonography is noninvasive and safe, and can offer real-time display of intraocular structures. This is especially important in individuals who are uncooperative or unsuitable for fundus examination due to media opacity. Combined with clinical feature, ultrasonography provides vital evidence for the diagnosis of PHPV. Thought observing ultrasonographic feature, clinicians could evaluate the size, position and severity of lesions in PHPV patients, and which would be helpful to determine the surgical approach and clinical prognosis.

Purpose: To investigate the effect of preoperative psychological intervention on alleviating negative emotions in patients undergoing emergent ocular trauma surgery.

Methods: A total of 100 patients undergoing emergent ocular trauma surgery were selected using convenience sampling and randomly divided into control (n = 49) and experimental (n = 51) groups. Patients in the control group received conventional nursing and their counterparts in the observation group were treated with individualized psychological interventions including psychological support, relaxation training, and humanistic care based on conventional nursing care. Self-rating anxiety scale (SAS), self-rating depression scale (SDS), and fear visual analog scale (FVAS) scores were statistically compared between the two groups.

Results: The scores of SAS, SDS, and FAVS were significantly lower in the experimental group than in the control group (all P < 0.001).

Conclusion: Comprehensive psychological intervention effectively eliminates negative emotions in patients undergoing emergent ocular trauma surgery and accelerates their physical and mental recovery.

Purpose: To investigate the important experience of nursing care of the laryngeal mask airway (LMA) in children undergoing cataract surgery.

Methods: Fifty-five children undergoing cataract surgery were anesthetized by inhaling sevoflurane through a LMA and received perioperative nursing care. The safety of perioperative nursing for these children was also evaluated.

Results: Through perioperative nursing care and psychological counseling for children with LMA, all patients were anesthetized without complications and underwent successful surgeries. No severe postoperative complications were observed.

Conclusion: Nursing care specific for LMA is a vital part of the success of anesthesia and pediatric cataract surgery.

Purpose: To discuss the incidence and clinical features of early and mid-late elevated intraocular pressure after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection, and to evaluate the clinical management of eyes with secondary glaucoma.

Methods: This was an observational consecutive case series of 691 eyes in 679 patients who were treated with pars plana vitrectomy and silicone injection. The diagnostic criteria of early elevated intraocular pressure after silicone oil injection was ≥ 21 mmHg two weeks after surgery, while mid-late elevated intraocular pressure was ≥ 21 mmHg after two weeks. The incidence and clinical management of elevated intraocular pressure were analyzed.

Results: In total, 211 of 691 eyes (30.54%) developed elevated intraocular pressure two weeks after pars plana vitrecto my and silicone injection. Of the 211 eyes, 101 eyes (47.87%) had ocular inflammation, 64 eyes (30.33%) showed hyphema, 35 eyes (16.59%) had silicone oil in the anterior chamber, 6 eyes (2.84% ) had excess silicone oil injected, and 5 eyes (2.37%) had rubeosis irides. Eighty three of 691 eyes (12.01%) developed elevated intraocular pressure after two weeks. Of these 83 eyes, 25 eyes (30.12%) had rubeosis irides, 16 eyes (19.27%) had issues related to topic steroid therapy, 13 eyes (15.66%) had a papillary block, silicone oil in the anterior chamber, 10 eyes (12.05%) had a silicone emulsion, 10 eyes (12.05%) had peripheral anterior synchiae, and 9 eyes (10.84%) had silicone oil in the anterior chamber. All eyes with elevated intraocular pressure were treated with antiglaucoma medications and surgeries.

Conclusion: The reasons for elevated intraocular pressure differed between early and mid-late after pars plana vitrectomy and silicone oil injection. The elevated intraocular pressure can be controlled effectively by immediate diagnosis and proper treatment with medicine and operation.

Purpose: To explore and establish a rational management workflow for a free cataract surgery program for the poor population in urban China, aiming to improve surgical efficiency.

Methods: Establishment of a management workflow mainly includes system design and an auxiliary facility. System design procedures consist of outpatient screening, outpatient physical examination, surgical procedures, and postoperative clinic visits. After establishing the management workflow of cataract surgery, a free cataract surgery program was conducted for 15 months.

Results: Based upon the established management mode, 9003 patients received preoperative screening and 2358 underwent cataract surgery. During the 15-month investigation, each procedure was successfully conducted, the efficiency of screening and operation attained the highest standards in China, and no surgical malpractice occurred intraoperatively.

Conclusion: In this study, a management workflow for cataract surgery was designed for a poverty relief project in urban China. During the 15-month project, the degree of patient satisfaction was enhanced without disrupting the normal practice and safety of the sponsor hospital.

Purpose: To examine the relationship between corneal inflammation and corneal lymphangiogenesis after keratoplasty.

Methods: Rat corneal lymphangiogenesis was examined by lymphatic vessel endothelial receptor (LYVE-1) immunohistochemistry and whole mount immunofluorescence at 1, 3, 7, 10, and 14 days after corneal transplantation. Corneal inflammation was evaluated by inflammation index (IF) grading and NF-κB immunohistochemistry at the same time points. The association between lymphatic vessel counting (LVC) and the IF scores was then examined.

Results: LYVE-1 positive lymphatic vessels occurred in the corneal stroma on day 3, developed throughout days 7 and 10, and peaked in number at day 14 after keratoplasty. Corneal inflammation was strong on day 3, and then resolved gradually, but increased again from days 7 to 14 after the transplantation. LVC was strongly and positively correlated with IF after keratoplasty (r = 0.41; P < 0.05). However, changes in IF scores and LVC were not parallel.

Conclusion: A close, but not parallel, relationship was found between corneal lymphangiogenesis and corneal inflammation after corneal transplantation.