Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902839
Tariro Mukute, Michael Pauls, Joyce B. Mwangama, T. Magedanz
With the upcoming digital industrial revolution, the telecommunications industry has been looking for ways to become more efficient. This involves maintaining or improving its performance at a lower operational cost. This need is also aided by the fact that the industry has been experiencing declining profitability. This has resulted in the industry looking at solutions like virtualization and resource pooling or cloudification among others. Recent studies have concluded on container-based virtualization for better performance. However, there are different container providers and choosing a less performant provider increases deployment costs. Additionally, to foster sustainability and adoption of the virtualization, its management and orchestration (MANO) needs to conform to the ETSI (European Telecommunication Standards Institute) network function virtualization (NFV) MANO standards. Hence, this paper designs and implements an ETSI complaint NFV MANO for container-based virtualization using the most performant container provider, LXC. In order to cater for horizontal scaling and distributed services, we promptly incorporate multi-host, multi-cloud in the design
{"title":"Design and Implementation of Multi-Cloud VNFs Deployment Utilizing Lightweight LXC Virtualization","authors":"Tariro Mukute, Michael Pauls, Joyce B. Mwangama, T. Magedanz","doi":"10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902839","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902839","url":null,"abstract":"With the upcoming digital industrial revolution, the telecommunications industry has been looking for ways to become more efficient. This involves maintaining or improving its performance at a lower operational cost. This need is also aided by the fact that the industry has been experiencing declining profitability. This has resulted in the industry looking at solutions like virtualization and resource pooling or cloudification among others. Recent studies have concluded on container-based virtualization for better performance. However, there are different container providers and choosing a less performant provider increases deployment costs. Additionally, to foster sustainability and adoption of the virtualization, its management and orchestration (MANO) needs to conform to the ETSI (European Telecommunication Standards Institute) network function virtualization (NFV) MANO standards. Hence, this paper designs and implements an ETSI complaint NFV MANO for container-based virtualization using the most performant container provider, LXC. In order to cater for horizontal scaling and distributed services, we promptly incorporate multi-host, multi-cloud in the design","PeriodicalId":121352,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW)","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129994793","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902723
Jianmei Dai, Danpu Liu
To meet the requirements of lower latency and massive data transmission in wireless Virtual Reality (VR) applications, a mobile edge computing (MEC) enabled VR transmission system is proposed over Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN). In the proposed system, an MEC-Cache server is deployed in the pooled base band units (BBU pool) for VR video synthesizing and the video contents can be cached both in the BBU pool and the remote radio heads (RRHs). In addition, a hierarchical and collaborative caching problem is formulated as an integer linear program (ILP) that minimizes the transmission latency, and an online caching strategy is proposed to address the NP completeness of the problem. Rigorous numerical simulations show that, by considering the view synthesis feature of VR videos, the proposed caching scheme always yields better performance in terms of cache hit rate and average transmission latency than other employed caching algorithms.
{"title":"An MEC-Enabled Wireless VR Transmission System with View Synthesis-based Caching","authors":"Jianmei Dai, Danpu Liu","doi":"10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902723","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902723","url":null,"abstract":"To meet the requirements of lower latency and massive data transmission in wireless Virtual Reality (VR) applications, a mobile edge computing (MEC) enabled VR transmission system is proposed over Cloud Radio Access Network (C-RAN). In the proposed system, an MEC-Cache server is deployed in the pooled base band units (BBU pool) for VR video synthesizing and the video contents can be cached both in the BBU pool and the remote radio heads (RRHs). In addition, a hierarchical and collaborative caching problem is formulated as an integer linear program (ILP) that minimizes the transmission latency, and an online caching strategy is proposed to address the NP completeness of the problem. Rigorous numerical simulations show that, by considering the view synthesis feature of VR videos, the proposed caching scheme always yields better performance in terms of cache hit rate and average transmission latency than other employed caching algorithms.","PeriodicalId":121352,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW)","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128890304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902782
D. Melgarejo, G. Fraidenraich, Luiz Quirino, Álvaro Medeiros, P. Nardelli
This paper focuses on the application of multi-carrier technologies in rural area communications on very high frequency (VHF) channels. Our target is to analyze the performance of typical long-term evolution (LTE) technology on three specific rural scenarios: (i) high density of users in specific regions, (ii) high inter-cell interference regions, and (iii) high demand of similar services. These scenarios operate in very high frequency (VHF) channels to support rural connectivity.Numerical results are obtained via system-level simulations using the ns-3 simulator, whose settings were calibrated based on real LTE deployments on VHF.We specifically assess the performance of available frequency reuse techniques showing that typical solutions for cellular networks may lead to remarkable throughput differences in these extreme scenarios. The simulation results showed that hard frequency reuse – which has a poor performance in typical scenarios – outperforms all other studied options in the proposed study-case.
{"title":"Performance of Multi-carrier Technology over VHF Channels for Rural Area Applications","authors":"D. Melgarejo, G. Fraidenraich, Luiz Quirino, Álvaro Medeiros, P. Nardelli","doi":"10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902782","url":null,"abstract":"This paper focuses on the application of multi-carrier technologies in rural area communications on very high frequency (VHF) channels. Our target is to analyze the performance of typical long-term evolution (LTE) technology on three specific rural scenarios: (i) high density of users in specific regions, (ii) high inter-cell interference regions, and (iii) high demand of similar services. These scenarios operate in very high frequency (VHF) channels to support rural connectivity.Numerical results are obtained via system-level simulations using the ns-3 simulator, whose settings were calibrated based on real LTE deployments on VHF.We specifically assess the performance of available frequency reuse techniques showing that typical solutions for cellular networks may lead to remarkable throughput differences in these extreme scenarios. The simulation results showed that hard frequency reuse – which has a poor performance in typical scenarios – outperforms all other studied options in the proposed study-case.","PeriodicalId":121352,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123462032","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902844
Toni Levanen, Zexian Li, J. Talvitie, M. Renfors, M. Valkama
In this paper, the principles and performance of 5G new radio (NR) based ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) building on subband filtered cyclic-prefix orthogonal-frequency- division-multiplexing (CP-OFDM) are provided and analyzed. We will demonstrate that subband filtered URLLC allows to achieve highly reliable link performance, which is not affected by interference induced by a mobile broadband service using a different numerology. In addition, we analyze and demonstrate asynchronous URLLC uplink performance with relaxed power control requirements to show that significant receiving power differences in the 5G NR base station (gNB) receiver can be tolerated, especially if highly selective subband filtering is applied in both the URLLC devices transmitters and the gNB’s receiver. We also demonstrate how the mobile broadband users may be interfered by the URLLC users in mixed numerology scenario, unless sufficient guard bands and sophisticated waveform signal processing solutions improving spectral localization in transmitter and receiver side are applied. Overall, the results show that by using subband filtering on top of basic CP-OFDM processing, frequency multiplexing URLLC and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services within one 5G NR carrier is feasible.
{"title":"Filtered OFDM Based URLLC in 5G New Radio: Principles and Performance","authors":"Toni Levanen, Zexian Li, J. Talvitie, M. Renfors, M. Valkama","doi":"10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902844","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902844","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, the principles and performance of 5G new radio (NR) based ultra-reliable low-latency communications (URLLC) building on subband filtered cyclic-prefix orthogonal-frequency- division-multiplexing (CP-OFDM) are provided and analyzed. We will demonstrate that subband filtered URLLC allows to achieve highly reliable link performance, which is not affected by interference induced by a mobile broadband service using a different numerology. In addition, we analyze and demonstrate asynchronous URLLC uplink performance with relaxed power control requirements to show that significant receiving power differences in the 5G NR base station (gNB) receiver can be tolerated, especially if highly selective subband filtering is applied in both the URLLC devices transmitters and the gNB’s receiver. We also demonstrate how the mobile broadband users may be interfered by the URLLC users in mixed numerology scenario, unless sufficient guard bands and sophisticated waveform signal processing solutions improving spectral localization in transmitter and receiver side are applied. Overall, the results show that by using subband filtering on top of basic CP-OFDM processing, frequency multiplexing URLLC and enhanced mobile broadband (eMBB) services within one 5G NR carrier is feasible.","PeriodicalId":121352,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW)","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126548423","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902584
K. Yunoki, H. Shinbo
Edge computing is expected to be one of the key technologies for fifth-generation mobile communication. It brings computing and storage resources to the edge of the network, enabling cloud computing capabilities and an information technology service environment with low-latency communication. However, when an edge server occupies the same facility as a base station, its available computation resources may be limited for physical reasons, such as restricted space and inadequate temperature control. To provide high-load services for mobile users, reference [1] proposed an edge cloud with servers distributed in a hierarchical topology. The proposed architecture can provide high-load services by using a hierarchical collection of edge servers, but the communication delay increases when a requested service is processed by a server at a significant functional distance from the user. The increased delay affects the service quality because almost all services handled by edge servers will be delay-sensitive. To decrease the completion delay of such a task, we propose a method of workload placement that considers both computation and communication delays. The workload placement determines which edge server will process a requested task in the hierarchy architecture for a mobile user. Our method consists of a procedure to determine the workload placement and to exchange key information for that determination. In this paper, we present our proposed method and its evaluation by computer simulation.
{"title":"Backhaul Bandwidth Consideration for Workload Placement in Hierarchical Edge Cloud Architecture","authors":"K. Yunoki, H. Shinbo","doi":"10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902584","url":null,"abstract":"Edge computing is expected to be one of the key technologies for fifth-generation mobile communication. It brings computing and storage resources to the edge of the network, enabling cloud computing capabilities and an information technology service environment with low-latency communication. However, when an edge server occupies the same facility as a base station, its available computation resources may be limited for physical reasons, such as restricted space and inadequate temperature control. To provide high-load services for mobile users, reference [1] proposed an edge cloud with servers distributed in a hierarchical topology. The proposed architecture can provide high-load services by using a hierarchical collection of edge servers, but the communication delay increases when a requested service is processed by a server at a significant functional distance from the user. The increased delay affects the service quality because almost all services handled by edge servers will be delay-sensitive. To decrease the completion delay of such a task, we propose a method of workload placement that considers both computation and communication delays. The workload placement determines which edge server will process a requested task in the hierarchy architecture for a mobile user. Our method consists of a procedure to determine the workload placement and to exchange key information for that determination. In this paper, we present our proposed method and its evaluation by computer simulation.","PeriodicalId":121352,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW)","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133869493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902802
G. Gardikis, A. Morgado, S. Mumtaz, Jara Suarez de Puga, C. Palau, Charalampos Skiadasn, H. Koumaras, M. Kourtis, N. Papadakis, A. Perentos, M. Fotiou, A. Phinikarides, M. Georgiades, L. Ottavj, M. Diarra, Thierry Masson
Satellite/terrestrial integration in the context of 5G is a very promising aspect, as it combines the unrivaled performance of 5G with the unprecedented benefits of satellite communications, such as ubiquitous broadband coverage and inherent multicast capabilities. This paper presents the design and implementation of an end-to-end experimental testbed for integrated satellite/terrestrial 5G services, developed in the frame of the EU 5GENESIS project. The testbed encompasses all the components of the 5G network and it is suitable for wide-area field trials over several use cases corresponding to the needs of vertical industries.
{"title":"The 5GENESIS testing facility as an enabler for integrated satellite/terrestrial 5G experimentation","authors":"G. Gardikis, A. Morgado, S. Mumtaz, Jara Suarez de Puga, C. Palau, Charalampos Skiadasn, H. Koumaras, M. Kourtis, N. Papadakis, A. Perentos, M. Fotiou, A. Phinikarides, M. Georgiades, L. Ottavj, M. Diarra, Thierry Masson","doi":"10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902802","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902802","url":null,"abstract":"Satellite/terrestrial integration in the context of 5G is a very promising aspect, as it combines the unrivaled performance of 5G with the unprecedented benefits of satellite communications, such as ubiquitous broadband coverage and inherent multicast capabilities. This paper presents the design and implementation of an end-to-end experimental testbed for integrated satellite/terrestrial 5G services, developed in the frame of the EU 5GENESIS project. The testbed encompasses all the components of the 5G network and it is suitable for wide-area field trials over several use cases corresponding to the needs of vertical industries.","PeriodicalId":121352,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133527744","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902340
Nan Qi, N. I. Miridakis, T. Tsiftsis, Rugui Yao
In this paper, a two-stage and single-relay queueing communication scheme is investigated. The packet arrivals follow the Poisson distribution, and packets are transmitted on slow Rayleigh fading channels. A N-threshold and gated-service policy is applied at the relay server to facilitate traffic-aware designs, such as potential overall energy savings in wireless networks. The mean waiting time, as a key performance metric, is explicitly derived and related with the queueing and service parameters, including packet arrival rate, relay service threshold and channel statistics. The explicit derivations provide fundamental and critical measurements for two-stage queueing communication system. The analytical formulae match precisely with the simulation results, indicating the validity of theoretical derivations.
{"title":"On the Fundamental Queue Analysis for Relay-assisted Two-stage Communication Networks","authors":"Nan Qi, N. I. Miridakis, T. Tsiftsis, Rugui Yao","doi":"10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902340","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902340","url":null,"abstract":"In this paper, a two-stage and single-relay queueing communication scheme is investigated. The packet arrivals follow the Poisson distribution, and packets are transmitted on slow Rayleigh fading channels. A N-threshold and gated-service policy is applied at the relay server to facilitate traffic-aware designs, such as potential overall energy savings in wireless networks. The mean waiting time, as a key performance metric, is explicitly derived and related with the queueing and service parameters, including packet arrival rate, relay service threshold and channel statistics. The explicit derivations provide fundamental and critical measurements for two-stage queueing communication system. The analytical formulae match precisely with the simulation results, indicating the validity of theoretical derivations.","PeriodicalId":121352,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW)","volume":"211 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114744042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902917
S. A. W. Shah, Mohammad Galal Khafagy, T. Khattab, M. Hasna, K. Abualsaud
In this work, the downlink association problem is studied when inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) is enabled at the network side. The serving base stations (BSs) are mounted over unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), allowing for their initial placement as per the user geographic distribution. With recent air-to-ground channel modeling adopted herein, we focus on addressing the problem of coordinated channel assignment from within a reusable channel pool at each of the operator-deployed UAV-BSs along with the consideration of backhaul constraint. The joint association/channel assignment problem, which enables a flexible design of the inter-cell interference terms experienced by the users, is cast into a mixed integer linear program (MILP) that is numerically solved. Due to being a non-deterministic polynomial time (NP)-hard problem, the computation time may unboundedly grow, especially as the number of network nodes increases. To solve this problem, a low-complexity heuristic algorithm is proposed. The proposed heuristic solution is compared to that obtained via the MOSEK solver, revealing a close achievable performance with much less computational complexity.
{"title":"ICIC-Enabled Association and Channel Selection for UAV-BSs Based on User Locations and Demands","authors":"S. A. W. Shah, Mohammad Galal Khafagy, T. Khattab, M. Hasna, K. Abualsaud","doi":"10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902917","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902917","url":null,"abstract":"In this work, the downlink association problem is studied when inter-cell interference coordination (ICIC) is enabled at the network side. The serving base stations (BSs) are mounted over unmanned aerial vehicles (UAVs), allowing for their initial placement as per the user geographic distribution. With recent air-to-ground channel modeling adopted herein, we focus on addressing the problem of coordinated channel assignment from within a reusable channel pool at each of the operator-deployed UAV-BSs along with the consideration of backhaul constraint. The joint association/channel assignment problem, which enables a flexible design of the inter-cell interference terms experienced by the users, is cast into a mixed integer linear program (MILP) that is numerically solved. Due to being a non-deterministic polynomial time (NP)-hard problem, the computation time may unboundedly grow, especially as the number of network nodes increases. To solve this problem, a low-complexity heuristic algorithm is proposed. The proposed heuristic solution is compared to that obtained via the MOSEK solver, revealing a close achievable performance with much less computational complexity.","PeriodicalId":121352,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW)","volume":"300 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115240670","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902530
Meghna Khaturia, Jaspreet Singh, Akshay Patil, Sarbani Banerjee Belur, A. Karandikar, P. Chaporkar, Tejashri D. Ghadge
There is an ongoing transition from the fourth generation (4G) cellular standard to the fifth generation (5G). Amidst this transition, addressing the connectivity needs of rural areas is still a distant dream. In this article, we discuss the connectivity requirements of rural areas and also present a network architecture based on these requirements. Low energy, low mobility, and large cell are the key aspects when designing a broadband network for rural areas. We refer to this network as the Frugal 5G network. We discuss two testbeds that we have deployed in India based on the Frugal 5G network architecture. The first testbed spanning 7 villages studies the feasibility of providing high-speed connectivity to rural areas via TV UHF band. The second testbed has been scaled up to 25 villages and studies the feasibility of connecting the rural areas by employing IEEE 802.11 (5.8 GHz) technology. Deploying such a large scale network requires efficient planning which is also discussed in the paper. Sustainability of the rural broadband network is an important issue and has been addressed by proposing a multi-stakeholder partnership model. Insights obtained from these testbed deployments suggest that for connectivity to be sustainable, network planning, use of renewable energy, local support & community participation, and efficient business model are the cornerstones that should be adhered to.
{"title":"Towards Frugal 5G: A Case Study of Palghar Test-bed in India","authors":"Meghna Khaturia, Jaspreet Singh, Akshay Patil, Sarbani Banerjee Belur, A. Karandikar, P. Chaporkar, Tejashri D. Ghadge","doi":"10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902530","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/WCNCW.2019.8902530","url":null,"abstract":"There is an ongoing transition from the fourth generation (4G) cellular standard to the fifth generation (5G). Amidst this transition, addressing the connectivity needs of rural areas is still a distant dream. In this article, we discuss the connectivity requirements of rural areas and also present a network architecture based on these requirements. Low energy, low mobility, and large cell are the key aspects when designing a broadband network for rural areas. We refer to this network as the Frugal 5G network. We discuss two testbeds that we have deployed in India based on the Frugal 5G network architecture. The first testbed spanning 7 villages studies the feasibility of providing high-speed connectivity to rural areas via TV UHF band. The second testbed has been scaled up to 25 villages and studies the feasibility of connecting the rural areas by employing IEEE 802.11 (5.8 GHz) technology. Deploying such a large scale network requires efficient planning which is also discussed in the paper. Sustainability of the rural broadband network is an important issue and has been addressed by proposing a multi-stakeholder partnership model. Insights obtained from these testbed deployments suggest that for connectivity to be sustainable, network planning, use of renewable energy, local support & community participation, and efficient business model are the cornerstones that should be adhered to.","PeriodicalId":121352,"journal":{"name":"2019 IEEE Wireless Communications and Networking Conference Workshop (WCNCW)","volume":"26 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126657983","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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