Experimental eye research最新文献_第8页

miR-29b-3p promotes the recovery of alkali-burned cornea by targeting Ddx3x miR-29b-3p通过靶向Ddx3x促进碱烧伤角膜的恢复

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research

Pub Date : 2026-01-08 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.110849

Juan Gao , Jun Li , Jinghua Liu , Ruifang Han , Xi Chen , Liming Wang , Yunqing Ma , Xuan Li

Corneal alkali burns often cause vision impairment by triggering excessive inflammation and fibrosis, which compromise corneal transparency. Given miR-29b-3p′s anti-inflammatory and anti-fibrotic properties, this study evaluated its therapeutic potential in corneal alkali injury. A murine corneal alkali burn model was established, and differentially expressed proteins were analyzed using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS) at 24 h and 1-week post-injury. The results showed corneas exhibited both continuous and phase-specific pathway alterations during different stages of alkali burn recovery. We overexpressed miR-29b-3p in primary mouse bone marrow mesenchymal stem cells and isolated miR-29b-3p-enriched exosomes for delivery. Treatment with miR-29b-3p significantly accelerated corneal epithelial repair, reduced edema, and improved histological outcomes compared to controls. Bioinformatic analysis identified Ddx3x, Vcl, Col1a1, and Col6a2 as key candidate targets of miR-29b-3p. Among these, Ddx3x exhibited significant downregulation upon miR-29b-3p treatment in both murine corneas and human corneal epithelial cells (HCE). A dual-luciferase assay confirmed direct binding of miR-29b-3p to the 3′UTR of Ddx3x, suppressing its expression. Gene set enrichment analysis (GSEA) revealed that Ddx3x upregulates biosynthetic and secretory pathways while suppressing myofibril assembly. These findings identify miR-29b-3p as a promising therapeutic agent for corneal alkali burns, with Ddx3x as a critical downstream target. This study provides novel mechanistic insights into corneal alkali burn and proposes potential target for clinical intervention.

角膜碱烧伤通常会引起过度的炎症和纤维化，从而损害角膜的透明度，从而导致视力损害。鉴于miR-29b-3p的抗炎和抗纤维化特性，本研究评估了其在角膜碱损伤中的治疗潜力。建立小鼠角膜碱烧伤模型，分别在伤后24 h和1周采用液相色谱-质谱法（LC-MS）分析差异表达蛋白。结果表明，在碱烧伤恢复的不同阶段，角膜表现出连续的和阶段性的通路改变。我们在原代小鼠骨髓间充质干细胞中过表达miR-29b-3p，并分离富集miR-29b-3p的外泌体进行递送。与对照组相比，miR-29b-3p治疗可显著加速角膜上皮修复，减少水肿，改善组织学结果。生物信息学分析发现，Ddx3x、Vcl、Col1a1和Col6a2是miR-29b-3p的关键候选靶点。其中，Ddx3x在小鼠角膜和人角膜上皮细胞（HCE）中对miR-29b-3p处理均表现出显著下调。双荧光素酶测定证实miR-29b-3p与Ddx3x的3'UTR直接结合，抑制其表达。基因集富集分析（GSEA）显示，Ddx3x上调生物合成和分泌途径，同时抑制肌原纤维组装。这些发现确定了miR-29b-3p是角膜碱烧伤的一种有前景的治疗剂，而Ddx3x是一个关键的下游靶点。本研究为角膜碱烧伤提供了新的机制见解，并提出了临床干预的潜在靶点。

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引用次数: 0

Glucose exposure suppresses brain aromatase and impairs retinal regeneration in zebrafish 葡萄糖暴露抑制斑马鱼脑芳香化酶和损害视网膜再生。

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.110853

Zulvikar Syambani Ulhaq , Kazufumi Takamune , Mitsuyo Kishida

Zebrafish possess a unique capacity for retinal regeneration mediated by Müller glia (MG), in which the estrogen-synthesizing enzyme aromatase B (AroB, encoded by cyp19a1b) plays an important regulatory role. In this study, we investigated the impact of chronic glucose exposure on MG-driven retinal regeneration following mechanical injury. We found that AroB was expressed across multiple retinal layers, including the ganglion cell layer (GCL), inner nuclear layer (INL), outer nuclear layer (ONL), and both plexiform layers. Within the INL AroB colocalized with glutamine synthetase (GS)⁺ MG in controls, but was significantly suppressed in retinas exposed to 3 % glucose, a reduction corroborated by Western blot analysis, qRT-PCR, and measurements of E₂ levels. Retinal injury induced an upregulation of AroB and GS expression and triggered robust MG proliferation in controls, as indicated by EdU incorporation. In contrast, glucose exposure reduced the number of EdU⁺ proliferating cells, and colocalization of AroB⁺/MG⁺ with EdU⁺ nuclei was absent in the injured glucose-treated group. BrdU labeling performed 3 h before sacrifice revealed ongoing proliferation that followed a similar pattern to EdU, except that BrdU⁺ cells in glucose-exposed injured retinas eventually reached levels comparable to injured controls, suggesting a delay in regenerative proliferation. TUNEL staining showed significantly higher numbers of apoptotic cells in injured glucose-exposed retinas compared with injured controls, while no differences were detected between uninjured groups. Together, these findings demonstrate that chronic glucose exposure suppresses AroB expression, impairs early MG activation, delays regenerative proliferation, and exacerbates cell death after retinal injury, highlighting a potential mechanism by which hyperglycemia compromises endogenous retinal repair and contributes to diabetic retinopathy (DR). Nonetheless, given humans’ limited regenerative capacity, these mechanisms may not directly translate but still reveal pathways that could aid retinal repair in mammals.

斑马鱼具有独特的视网膜再生能力，这种能力是由 ller胶质细胞（MG）介导的，其中由cyp19a1b编码的雌激素合成酶芳香化酶B （AroB）起着重要的调节作用。在这项研究中，我们研究了慢性葡萄糖暴露对机械损伤后mg驱动的视网膜再生的影响。我们发现AroB在视网膜多层表达，包括神经节细胞层（GCL）、内核层（INL）、外核层（ONL）和两个丛状层。在INL中，AroB在对照中与谷氨酰胺合成酶(GS)+ MG共定位，但在暴露于3%葡萄糖的视网膜中被显著抑制，Western blot分析、qRT-PCR和E2水平测量证实了这种减少。EdU掺入表明，在对照组中，视网膜损伤诱导AroB和GS表达上调，并引发强劲的MG增殖。相比之下，葡萄糖暴露减少了EdU+增殖细胞的数量，并且在损伤的葡萄糖处理组中没有AroB+/MG+与EdU+核的共定位。牺牲前3小时进行的BrdU标记显示，与EdU类似的模式持续增殖，除了葡萄糖暴露的损伤视网膜中的BrdU+细胞最终达到与损伤对照组相当的水平，表明再生增殖延迟。TUNEL染色显示，与损伤对照组相比，葡萄糖暴露损伤视网膜中凋亡细胞数量明显增加，而未损伤组之间无差异。总之，这些研究结果表明，慢性葡萄糖暴露抑制AroB表达，损害早期MG激活，延迟再生增殖，并加剧视网膜损伤后的细胞死亡，突出了高血糖损害内源性视网膜修复并导致糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）的潜在机制。尽管如此，鉴于人类有限的再生能力，这些机制可能不能直接翻译，但仍然揭示了有助于哺乳动物视网膜修复的途径。

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引用次数: 0

Investigation of the biomechanical changes at the iris-lens interface after vitrectomy with silicone oil tamponade: Insights from ultrasound biomicroscopy 硅油填塞玻璃体切除术后虹膜-晶状体界面生物力学变化的超声生物显微镜观察

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research

Pub Date : 2026-01-07 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.110855

Jiajun Chen, Ling Wang, Long Tao, Shasha Xue, Yunxiao Wang, Fenglei Wang

This prospective cohort study investigated anterior segment biomechanical alterations and lens stability using ultrasound biomicroscopy (UBM) in 60 eyes (58 patients) undergoing pars plana vitrectomy (PPV) with silicone oil (SO) tamponade for rhegmatogenous (18 eyes) or diabetic tractional retinal detachment (42 eyes). UBM parameters, including central corneal thickness (CCT), anterior chamber depth (ACD), lens vault (LV), angle-opening distance (AOD500), trabecular-iris angle (TIA), iris-lens angle (ILA), and iris-lens contact distance (ILCD), were assessed preoperatively and 3 months postoperatively. Significant postoperative reductions were observed in CCT (−0.026 mm, P = 0.005), superior ILCD (0.921→0.730 mm, P = 0.006), inferior ILCD (0.914→0.702 mm, P = 0.002), and mean ILCD (0.947→0.745 mm, P = 0.001). The inferior ILA increased (20.31°→23.39°, P = 0.032), while the temporal ILA decreased (20.70°→18.29°, P = 0.047). Subgroup analysis comparing normotensive and hypertensive eyes revealed significant differences in nasal ΔILA (P = 0.008) and temporal ΔILCD (P = 0.014). Multiple regression identified a negative correlation between intraocular pressure (IOP) and nasal ΔILA (β = −0.353, P = 0.002). The findings demonstrate that PPV with SO tamponade induces significant biomechanical alterations at the iris-lens interface, compromising lens stability, and provide valuable anatomical insights for optimizing cataract surgery in SO-filled eyes.

本前瞻性队列研究采用超声生物显微镜（UBM）观察60眼（58例）玻璃体切割术（PPV）加硅油（SO）压塞治疗孔源性（18眼）或糖尿病牵引性视网膜脱离（42眼）的前段生物力学改变和晶状体稳定性。术前和术后3个月评估UBM参数，包括角膜中央厚度（CCT）、前房深度（ACD）、晶状体穹窿（LV）、角开口距离（AOD500）、小梁-虹膜角（TIA）、虹膜-晶状体角（ILA）、虹膜-晶状体接触距离（ILCD）。术后CCT （- 0.026 mm, P = 0.005）、上ILCD（0.921→0.730 mm, P = 0.006）、下ILCD（0.914→0.702 mm, P = 0.002）、平均ILCD（0.947→0.745 mm, P = 0.001）均显著降低。下侧ILA增大（20.31°→23.39°，P = 0.032），颞侧ILA减小（20.70°→18.29°，P = 0.047）。亚组分析结果显示，正常眼和高血压眼的鼻部ΔILA （P = 0.008）和颞部ΔILCD （P = 0.014）差异有统计学意义。多元回归发现眼压（IOP）与鼻腔ΔILA呈负相关（β = - 0.353, P = 0.002）。研究结果表明，有SO填塞的PPV在虹膜-晶状体界面引起了显著的生物力学改变，影响了晶状体的稳定性，并为优化SO填充眼的白内障手术提供了有价值的解剖学见解。

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引用次数: 0

Sweet poison for the eyes: High-Fructose diets as drivers of metabolic disruption and ocular diseases - Insights and therapeutic horizons 眼睛的甜毒：高果糖饮食是代谢紊乱和眼部疾病的驱动因素——见解和治疗视野。

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.110852

Chen Chen , Chuyao Wang , Hongyu Li, Ting Wang, Xinwei Jiao

Excess consumption of added sugars, commonly delivered through sucrose and high-fructose corn syrup, has increased in parallel with obesity, metabolic syndrome, and type 2 diabetes. These systemic metabolic disturbances are consistently associated with a range of ocular conditions. However, whether high-fructose intake exerts independent and fructose-specific effects on ocular tissues remains uncertain, because most human evidence is indirect, often mediated through metabolic syndrome phenotypes, and frequently confounded by mixed dietary exposures and total energy intake. This review synthesizes mechanistic pathways that are plausibly enriched by fructose biology, including hepatic fructose metabolism with ATP depletion and uric acid generation, oxidative and inflammatory signaling, altered lipid handling, and gut barrier and microbiome perturbations. We evaluate how these systemic changes may intersect with ocular surface homeostasis, retinal neurovascular integrity, intraocular pressure regulation, and choroidal and macular vulnerability. Across dry eye disease, diabetic retinopathy, glaucoma-related outcomes, age-related macular degeneration and choroidal neovascular responses, and cataract, we distinguish fructose-specific exposure studies from metabolic syndrome only and mixed diet reports, and we emphasize limitations related to exposure definition, replication, and translation to humans. Overall, current evidence supports the view that excess fructose may amplify ocular susceptibility in metabolically stressed states, but direct causal links in humans remain preliminary. We conclude by outlining methodological priorities and testable study designs needed to clarify fructose-specific contributions to ocular disease risk. Some experimental findings, particularly those related to ocular-surface responses, originate from single research groups and require independent replication, underscoring that current evidence remains preliminary and hypothesis-generating.

添加糖的过量摄入，通常是通过蔗糖和高果糖玉米糖浆来实现的，与肥胖、代谢综合征和2型糖尿病同时增加。这些全身性代谢紊乱始终与一系列眼部疾病有关。然而，高果糖摄入是否会对眼部组织产生独立的和果糖特异性的影响仍不确定，因为大多数人类证据是间接的，通常是通过代谢综合征表型介导的，并且经常被混合饮食暴露和总能量摄入所混淆。这篇综述综合了果糖生物学可能丰富的机制途径，包括肝脏果糖代谢与ATP消耗和尿酸生成，氧化和炎症信号，脂质处理改变，肠道屏障和微生物群扰动。我们评估了这些系统性变化如何与眼表稳态、视网膜神经血管完整性、眼内压调节以及脉络膜和黄斑易感性交叉。在干眼病、糖尿病视网膜病变、青光眼相关结果、年龄相关性黄斑变性和脉络膜新生血管反应以及白内障方面，我们将果糖特异性暴露研究与仅代谢综合征和混合饮食报告区分开来，并强调暴露定义、复制和对人类的转化相关的局限性。总的来说，目前的证据支持这样的观点，即过量的果糖可能会增加代谢应激状态下的眼部易感性，但人类的直接因果关系仍处于初步阶段。最后，我们概述了方法学重点和可测试的研究设计，以澄清果糖对眼部疾病风险的特异性贡献。一些实验发现，特别是那些与眼表反应有关的实验发现，来自单个研究小组，需要独立的复制，这强调了目前的证据仍然是初步的和假设生成的。

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引用次数: 0

Evaluating the rotational stability of toric intraocular lenses with different haptic designs using finite element analysis 用有限元分析评价不同触觉设计的环形人工晶状体的旋转稳定性

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research

Pub Date : 2026-01-06 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.110854

Yifei Zheng , Yequn Chen , Xuejun Gu , Mingzhe Wang , Chaozhong Zhang , Han Xu , Yang Zhou , Lihua Fang

This study was designed to measure rotational stability of four TIOLs with differences in haptic design in the capsular bag to provide insights for increasing postoperative rotational stability.Four different shapes of the TIOL models were reconstructed from real measurements and evaluated for their rotational stability in capsular bags of different diameters in vitro under simulated compression testing, as well as post-implantation analysis of rotation and stress. The TIOLs were compressed to a 10 mm diameter and assessed for bio-mechanical stability. There were significant differences in compressive force and axial displacement between models. Model D showed convex deformation of the optical surface when compressed to 10.5 mm, resulting in large variations in some internal parameters. When implanted into a 10.75 mm capsular bag, the rotational angles of different TIOLs ranged from 4.97° to 17.23°. Model C exhibited rotational angles between 3.06° and 9.93° in capsular bags of varying diameters. Model C showed higher stress at the optic-haptic junction, whereas Models A and D exhibited lower stress levels. Model A exhibited the lowest equatorial stress across capsular bags of different diameters.The rotational stability of TIOLs is significantly influenced by haptic design, with notable biomechanical differences among the models. This study provides valuable insights for optimizing TIOL designs to enhance postoperative rotational stability.

本研究旨在测量囊袋中触觉设计不同的四种tiol的旋转稳定性，为提高术后旋转稳定性提供见解。根据实际测量重建四种不同形状的TIOL模型，并在体外模拟压缩测试中评估其在不同直径囊袋中的旋转稳定性，以及植入后的旋转和应力分析。tiol被压缩到直径10毫米，并评估生物力学稳定性。不同模型的压缩力和轴向位移存在显著差异。模型D在压缩到10.5 mm时，光学表面出现凸变形，导致部分内部参数变化较大。植入10.75 mm囊袋时，不同tiol的旋转角度为4.97°~ 17.23°。模型C在不同直径的囊袋中的旋转角度在3.06°到9.93°之间。模型C在光-触觉交界处表现出较高的应力，而模型A和D表现出较低的应力水平。模型A显示不同直径囊袋的赤道应力最低。tiol的旋转稳定性受到触觉设计的显著影响，不同模型之间存在显著的生物力学差异。该研究为优化TIOL设计以提高术后旋转稳定性提供了有价值的见解。

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引用次数: 0

The role and mechanism of post-translational modifications (PTMs) in immune-related eye diseases 翻译后修饰（PTMs）在免疫相关眼病中的作用及机制

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.110851

Yakun Wang , Xianyang Liu , Shuhao Zeng , Wenxian Yang , Fan Cao , Shengping Hou

Post-translational modifications (PTMs) encompass the spectrum of chemical covalent alterations that proteins undergo after being synthesized from mRNA. These modifications typically involve the covalent bonding of chemical groups or small protein molecules to the amino acid backbones or side chains. Currently, over 650 types of PTMs have been identified, including significant ones such as phosphorylation, ubiquitination, SUMOylation, methylation, acetylation, glycosylation, among other novel varieties like lactylation. However, a systematic review of PTMs associated with immune-mediated ocular diseases remains conspicuously absent in current literature. To fully understand the role of PTM in immune eye diseases, this review systematically introduces the regulatory mechanisms and functions of several important PTMs. Furthermore, this review also encapsulates the mechanisms of PTMs in several pivotal immune-related ocular conditions, specifically uveitis, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), dry eye disease (DED), and diabetic retinopathy (DR). By integrating current evidence, this work not only clarifies the pathogenic contributions of specific PTMs but also identifies their potential as therapeutic targets. Finally, we discuss future research directions and the challenges of translating PTM-based interventions into clinical practice for ocular immune disorders.

翻译后修饰（PTMs）包括蛋白质从mRNA合成后发生的化学共价改变。这些修饰通常涉及化学基团或小蛋白质分子与氨基酸主干或侧链的共价键。目前，已经鉴定出650多种ptm，包括磷酸化、泛素化、sumo化、甲基化、乙酰化、糖基化等重要的ptm，以及乳酸化等新型ptm。然而，在目前的文献中，ptm与免疫介导的眼部疾病相关的系统综述仍然明显缺失。为了充分了解PTM在免疫性眼病中的作用，本文系统介绍了几种重要的PTM的调控机制和功能。此外，本综述还概述了ptm在几种关键免疫相关眼部疾病中的作用机制，特别是葡萄膜炎、年龄相关性黄斑变性（AMD）、干眼病（DED）和糖尿病视网膜病变（DR）。通过整合现有证据，这项工作不仅阐明了特定ptm的致病作用，而且确定了它们作为治疗靶点的潜力。最后，我们讨论了将基于ptm的干预措施转化为眼免疫疾病临床实践的未来研究方向和挑战。

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引用次数: 0

Immunofluorescence analysis of internal limiting membrane: Insights into formation of inner retinal dimples 内限定膜的免疫荧光分析：对视网膜内窝形成的见解。

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.110850

Yu-Bo Wu , Yi-Qi Chen , Jian-Bo Mao , Xin Ye , Chen-Xi Wang , Li-Jun Shen

Background

To investigate the relationship between components of internal limiting membrane (ILM) and inner retinal dimples (IRDs) after ILM peeling.

Methods

This study included patients with full-thickness macular hole (FTMH), epiretinal membrane (ERM) and myopic foveoschisis (MF) who underwent pars plana vitrectomy with ILM peeling. The number of IRDs was determined using en face optical coherence tomography (OCT) at 1 month (1 M) and 12 months (12 M) after surgery. The status of Müller cells and the degree of laminin loss were evaluated using the average immunofluorescence intensity and fluorescence area of glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), aquaporin-4 (AQP4) and laminin (LAMA1) antibodies at peeled ILM. Pearson correlation and multiple linear regression analyses were performed to detect the association between components of ILM and IRDs.

Results

Twelve FTMH cases (12 eyes), 14 MF (14 eyes) cases and 9 ERM cases (9 eyes) were included. Pearson analysis showed that the number of IRDs at 1 M was correlated with the average fluorescence intensity of GFAP (+) (r = −0.440, p = 0.008), area of GFAP (+) (r = −0.640, p < 0.001), and average fluorescence area of LAMA1 (+) (r = 0.600, p = 0.004). IRDs at 12 M was correlated with the average fluorescence area of GFAP (+) (r = −0.706, p < 0.001). Multiple linear regression analysis found that only the average fluorescence area of LAMA1 (+) was significantly correlated with IRDs at 1 M (β = 0.517, 95 % CI: 0.182–0.982, p = 0.007).

Conclusion

The number of postoperative IRDs is correlated with the glial response status of Müller cells at inner retina and the degree of laminin attached with peeled ILM.

背景：探讨内限制膜（ILM）剥脱后各成分与视网膜内窝（IRDs）的关系。方法：对全层黄斑裂孔（FTMH）、视网膜前膜（ERM）、近视视网膜裂孔（MF）患者行玻璃体切割伴ILM剥离术。术后1个月（1M）和12个月（12M）采用面光学相干断层扫描（OCT）测定ird数量。采用去皮ILM时胶质纤维酸性蛋白（GFAP）、水通道蛋白-4 （AQP4）和层粘连蛋白（LAMA1）抗体的平均免疫荧光强度和荧光面积来评价层粘连蛋白缺失程度。采用Pearson相关和多元线性回归分析来检测ILM成分与IRDs之间的相关性。结果：FTMH 12例（12眼），MF 14例（14眼），ERM 9例（9眼）。Pearson分析显示，1M处的IRDs数目与GFAP（+）的平均荧光强度（r=-0.440, p=0.008）、GFAP（+）的面积（r=-0.640, p）相关。结论：术后IRDs数目与视网膜内 ller细胞的胶质反应状态及去皮ILM附着层粘连蛋白的程度相关。

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引用次数: 0

Mechanical and cellular response of lenses to acute ocular hypertension: Implications of AQP1 regulating water transport and lenses opacification 晶状体对急性高眼压的机械和细胞反应：AQP1调节水分运输和晶状体混浊的意义。

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research

Pub Date : 2026-01-05 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.110848

Jingyi Zhu , Linlin Luo , Qian Luo , Qiumei Hu , Lei Yang , Xiao Chen , Jian Ye

The morphological, mechanical, and cellular response of lenses to acute elevation of intraocular pressure (IOP) remained largely unknown. Therefore, we carried out a comprehensive study on the changes of mouse lenses after acute elevation of IOP, and explored the underlying molecular biological mechanism. Acute ocular hypertension was induced in the eye of adult C57BL/6J mice by cannulation of the anterior chamber. Gross morphology and ultrastructure of the lenses were evaluated by the slit lamp, OCT examinations, immunofluorescence staining, immunohistochemistry, and electron microscope, and physical properties were also measured. RNA sequencing analysis was applied to detect relevant transcriptional alterations. We found that subcapsular lens opacities appeared after the IOP spike. The volume, weight, and water content were subsequently decreased. While the lens capsules and LECs attached displayed no significant structural changes after IOP elevation compared with control lenses, the subcapsular cortex was compressed and disorganized. RNA sequencing analysis showed the biological changes of lenses involve various aspects such as cell adhesion and lens fiber remodeling. Lastly, we confirmed that brinzolamide eye drop was able to reduce the AQP1 level, and improve both the transparency and the water content of the lenses after IOP elevation. In conclusion, our study updates the fundamental insight towards the biomechanical response of lenses and their correlation with cataract development, paving the way for further exploration of protection towards lenses after the IOP spike.

晶状体对急性眼内压（IOP）升高的形态学、力学和细胞反应在很大程度上仍然未知。因此，我们对小鼠急性IOP升高后晶状体的变化进行了全面的研究，并探讨了其潜在的分子生物学机制。采用前房插管法诱导成年C57BL/6J小鼠急性高眼压。采用裂隙灯、OCT检查、免疫荧光染色、免疫组织化学、电镜观察观察晶状体的大体形态和超微结构，并测定其物理性质。应用RNA测序分析检测相关转录改变。我们发现晶状体囊下混浊出现在IOP尖峰后。体积、重量和含水量随后下降。与对照晶状体相比，IOP升高后晶状体囊和附着的lec没有明显的结构变化，但囊下皮层被压缩和紊乱。RNA测序分析显示晶状体的生物学变化涉及细胞粘附和晶状体纤维重塑等多个方面。最后，我们证实brinzolamide滴眼液能够降低AQP1水平，提高IOP升高后晶状体的透明度和含水量。总之，我们的研究更新了对晶状体生物力学反应及其与白内障发展相关性的基本认识，为进一步探索IOP尖峰后晶状体的保护铺平了道路。

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引用次数: 0

Lens shape change is influenced by zonular anchorage and stretching mechanism 晶状体形态的变化受晶状体带状锚定和拉伸机制的影响。

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2026.110847

Yutian Pu , Chunjing Tao , Barbara K. Pierscionek , Kehao Wang

This study investigates the influence of zonular anchorage position and loading mechanism on lens accommodation using finite element analysis. Axisymmetric models of the lens–zonule–ciliary body complex were developed, incorporating anterior, equatorial, and posterior zonular bundles. Four model variants were generated by varying anchorage position (near the pars plicata or pars plana) and loading mechanism (synchronous or asynchronous). Lens morphology, central optical power (COP) and zonular forces were analysed during simulated accommodation. The synchronous loading mechanism induced greater changes in posterior lens and nuclear radii of curvature and produced a wider range of accommodative change, while the asynchronous mechanism induced higher anterior surface steepening and peak central optical power but a smaller accommodative range. Zonular anchorage position slightly affected outcomes only in models with synchronous loading mechanism such that models with anchorage position near the pars plicata yielded greater changes in COP. A nonlinear relationship between central optical power and zonular force was consistently observed, suggesting an optimal range of zonular tension for maximizing lens performance. These findings indicate that zonular loading mechanism significantly influence lens shape and optical performance.

本研究采用有限元分析的方法研究了带状固定位置和加载机制对晶状体调节的影响。建立了晶状体-带状-睫状体复合体的轴对称模型，包括前、赤道和后带状束。通过不同的锚固位置（靠近皱褶部或平面部）和加载机制（同步或异步）产生4种模型变体。在模拟调节过程中，分析了透镜形态、中心光功率（COP）和带状力。同步加载机制诱导晶状体后晶状体和晶状体核曲率半径的变化更大，调节范围更广，而异步加载机制诱导晶状体前表面陡度和中心光功率峰值更高，调节范围更小。带状锚固位置仅在具有同步加载机制的模型中对结果影响较小，锚固位置靠近皱襞部的模型COP变化更大。中心光功率和带状力之间的非线性关系一直被观察到，这表明了一个最佳的带状张力范围，以最大限度地提高透镜的性能。这些结果表明，带状加载机制对透镜形状和光学性能有显著影响。

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引用次数: 0

IF 2.7 2区医学 Q1 OPHTHALMOLOGY

Experimental eye research

Pub Date : 2026-01-03 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2025.110838

Ding-Ping Chen , Wei-Tzu Lin , Fang-Ping Hsu , Yen-Chang Chu

Autoimmune-associated orbital inflammation refers to the inflammation of orbital tissues resulting from immune system dysregulation. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) plays a critical role in immune defense, tissue repair, inflammation, and tumor progression. Given its immunomodulatory functions, this study aimed to investigate whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL17-related genes contribute to susceptibility and clinical manifestations of orbital autoimmune diseases.

A total of 60 patients with orbital autoimmune disease and 60 healthy controls were recruited. Candidate SNPs in IL17A, IL17F, IL17RA, and IL17RC were selected based on known hotspots, including 500 bp upstream and downstream flanking regions. Associations between SNPs and disease status, as well as clinical features such as pain, diplopia, conjunctival inflammation, and eyelid retraction, were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher's exact tests.

The analysis revealed that rs9791323 in the promoter region of the IL17A gene was significantly associated with disease susceptibility (p = 0.045) but not with specific clinical features. Other SNPs were found to correlate with distinct symptoms: in IL17A, rs3804513 was associated with pain (p = 0.012); rs3819024 and rs2275913 with diplopia (p = 0.007 and 0.028, respectively); and rs8193036 with both diplopia (p = 0.002) and eyelid retraction (p = 0.033). In IL17F, rs9463772 was associated with pain (p = 0.005), while rs4715290 and rs11465530 were linked to eyelid retraction (p = 0.014 and 0.030, respectively). Three SNPs in IL17RA—rs4819553, rs4819958, and rs4819554—were significantly associated with conjunctival inflammation (p = 0.012). The IL17RC SNP rs708567 was also related to eyelid retraction (p = 0.049).

In conclusion, rs9791323 in IL17A may contribute to disease susceptibility, while other IL17-related SNPs appear to influence specific clinical features. These findings highlight the potential role of IL17 gene variants in both the pathogenesis and phenotypic variability of autoimmune-associated orbital inflammation.

自身免疫相关性眼眶炎症是指由免疫系统失调引起的眼眶组织炎症。白细胞介素-17 （IL-17）在免疫防御、组织修复、炎症和肿瘤进展中起着关键作用。鉴于其免疫调节功能，本研究旨在探讨il17相关基因的单核苷酸多态性（snp）是否与眼眶自身免疫性疾病的易感性和临床表现有关。共招募了60名眼眶自身免疫性疾病患者和60名健康对照者。根据已知热点选择IL17A、IL17F、IL17RA和IL17RC的候选snp，包括500 bp的上下游侧翼区域。snp与疾病状态之间的关联，以及诸如疼痛、复视、结膜炎症和眼睑收缩等临床特征，使用卡方检验或Fisher精确检验进行分析。分析显示，IL17A基因启动子区域的rs9791323与疾病易感性显著相关（p = 0.045），但与特定的临床特征无关。其他snp被发现与不同的症状相关：在IL17A中，rs3804513与疼痛相关（p = 0.012）；Rs3819024、rs2275913伴复视（p分别= 0.007、0.028）；rs8193036同时存在复视（p = 0.002）和眼睑缩回（p = 0.033）。在IL17F中，rs9463772与疼痛相关（p = 0.005），而rs4715290和rs11465530与眼睑缩回相关（p分别= 0.014和0.030）。il17ra中的三个snp -rs4819553、rs4819958和rs4819554-与结膜炎症有显著相关性（p = 0.012）。IL17RC SNP rs708567也与眼睑缩回有关（p = 0.049）。综上所述，IL17A中的rs9791323可能与疾病易感性有关，而其他与il17相关的snp可能影响特定的临床特征。这些发现强调了IL17基因变异在自身免疫相关性眼窝炎症的发病机制和表型变异中的潜在作用。

{"title":"IL17-related gene polymorphisms associated with orbital inflammatory diseases and their clinical features","authors":"Ding-Ping Chen , Wei-Tzu Lin , Fang-Ping Hsu , Yen-Chang Chu","doi":"10.1016/j.exer.2025.110838","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.exer.2025.110838","url":null,"abstract":"<div><div>Autoimmune-associated orbital inflammation refers to the inflammation of orbital tissues resulting from immune system dysregulation. Interleukin-17 (IL-17) plays a critical role in immune defense, tissue repair, inflammation, and tumor progression. Given its immunomodulatory functions, this study aimed to investigate whether single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in IL17-related genes contribute to susceptibility and clinical manifestations of orbital autoimmune diseases.</div><div>A total of 60 patients with orbital autoimmune disease and 60 healthy controls were recruited. Candidate SNPs in IL17A, IL17F, IL17RA, and IL17RC were selected based on known hotspots, including 500 bp upstream and downstream flanking regions. Associations between SNPs and disease status, as well as clinical features such as pain, diplopia, conjunctival inflammation, and eyelid retraction, were analyzed using chi-square or Fisher's exact tests.</div><div>The analysis revealed that rs9791323 in the promoter region of the IL17A gene was significantly associated with disease susceptibility (p = 0.045) but not with specific clinical features. Other SNPs were found to correlate with distinct symptoms: in IL17A, rs3804513 was associated with pain (p = 0.012); rs3819024 and rs2275913 with diplopia (p = 0.007 and 0.028, respectively); and rs8193036 with both diplopia (p = 0.002) and eyelid retraction (p = 0.033). In IL17F, rs9463772 was associated with pain (p = 0.005), while rs4715290 and rs11465530 were linked to eyelid retraction (p = 0.014 and 0.030, respectively). Three SNPs in IL17RA—rs4819553, rs4819958, and rs4819554—were significantly associated with conjunctival inflammation (p = 0.012). The IL17RC SNP rs708567 was also related to eyelid retraction (p = 0.049).</div><div>In conclusion, rs9791323 in IL17A may contribute to disease susceptibility, while other IL17-related SNPs appear to influence specific clinical features. These findings highlight the potential role of IL17 gene variants in both the pathogenesis and phenotypic variability of autoimmune-associated orbital inflammation.</div></div>","PeriodicalId":12177,"journal":{"name":"Experimental eye research","volume":"264 ","pages":"Article 110838"},"PeriodicalIF":2.7,"publicationDate":"2026-01-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145905632","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

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