Pub Date : 2024-05-01Epub Date: 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2362644
Stephen J Nicholls, Adam J Nelson
Introduction: Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite widespread use of statins. There is a need to develop additional therapeutic strategies that will complement statins to achieve more effective reductions in cardiovascular risk.
Areas covered: This review provides a comprehensive summary of current areas of therapeutic development targeting both lipid and inflammatory factors implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In addition to develop of novel approaches that will produce more effective lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, clinical trials are currently evaluating the potential to target other atherogenic lipid parameters such as triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and Lp(a), in addition to promoting the biological properties of high-density lipoproteins. Targeting inflammation within the vascular wall has emerged as a new frontier in cardiovascular prevention, with early evidence that use of anti-inflammatory agents have the potential to reduce cardiovascular risk.
Expert opinion: Clinical practice has an increasing array of therapeutic tools to achieve more effective lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol for high-risk patients. In addition, clinical trials have the potential to deliver a range of additional agents to the clinic, that target alternative lipid and inflammatory mediators. This will permit the potential to personalize cardiovascular prevention.
{"title":"New targets and mechanisms of action for lipid-lowering and anti-inflammatory therapies in atherosclerosis: where does the field stand?","authors":"Stephen J Nicholls, Adam J Nelson","doi":"10.1080/14728222.2024.2362644","DOIUrl":"10.1080/14728222.2024.2362644","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease remains a leading cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide, despite widespread use of statins. There is a need to develop additional therapeutic strategies that will complement statins to achieve more effective reductions in cardiovascular risk.</p><p><strong>Areas covered: </strong>This review provides a comprehensive summary of current areas of therapeutic development targeting both lipid and inflammatory factors implicated in the pathogenesis of atherosclerosis. In addition to develop of novel approaches that will produce more effective lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, clinical trials are currently evaluating the potential to target other atherogenic lipid parameters such as triglyceride-rich lipoproteins and Lp(a), in addition to promoting the biological properties of high-density lipoproteins. Targeting inflammation within the vascular wall has emerged as a new frontier in cardiovascular prevention, with early evidence that use of anti-inflammatory agents have the potential to reduce cardiovascular risk.</p><p><strong>Expert opinion: </strong>Clinical practice has an increasing array of therapeutic tools to achieve more effective lowering of low-density lipoprotein cholesterol for high-risk patients. In addition, clinical trials have the potential to deliver a range of additional agents to the clinic, that target alternative lipid and inflammatory mediators. This will permit the potential to personalize cardiovascular prevention.</p>","PeriodicalId":12185,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-05-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141178541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-24DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2346597
Maria Vedunova, Olga Borysova, Georgiy Kozlov, Anna-Maria Zharova, Ivan Morgunov, A. Moskalev
INTRODUCTION Multiple interventions have demonstrated an increase in mouse lifespan. However, non-standardized controls, sex or strain-specific factors, and insufficient focus on targets, hinder the translation of these findings into clinical applications. AREAS COVERED We examined the effects of genetic and drug-based interventions on mice from databases DrugAge, GenAge, the Mouse Phenome Database, and publications from PubMed that led to a lifespan extension of more than 10%, identifying specific molecular targets that were manipulated to achieve the maximum lifespan in mice. Subsequently, we characterized 10 molecular targets influenced by these interventions, with particular attention given to clinical trials and potential indications for each. EXPERT OPINION To increase the translational potential of mice life-extension studies to clinical research several factors are crucial: standardization of mice lifespan research approaches, the development of clear criteria for control and experimental groups, the establishment of criteria for potential geroprotectors, and focusing on targets and their clinical application. Pinpointing the targets affected by geroprotectors helps in understanding species-specific differences and identifying potential side effects, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of clinical trials. Additionally, target review facilitates the optimization of treatment protocols and the evaluation of the clinical feasibility of translating research findings into practical therapies for humans.
{"title":"Candidate molecular targets uncovered in mouse lifespan extension studies.","authors":"Maria Vedunova, Olga Borysova, Georgiy Kozlov, Anna-Maria Zharova, Ivan Morgunov, A. Moskalev","doi":"10.1080/14728222.2024.2346597","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2024.2346597","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Multiple interventions have demonstrated an increase in mouse lifespan. However, non-standardized controls, sex or strain-specific factors, and insufficient focus on targets, hinder the translation of these findings into clinical applications.\u0000\u0000\u0000AREAS COVERED\u0000We examined the effects of genetic and drug-based interventions on mice from databases DrugAge, GenAge, the Mouse Phenome Database, and publications from PubMed that led to a lifespan extension of more than 10%, identifying specific molecular targets that were manipulated to achieve the maximum lifespan in mice. Subsequently, we characterized 10 molecular targets influenced by these interventions, with particular attention given to clinical trials and potential indications for each.\u0000\u0000\u0000EXPERT OPINION\u0000To increase the translational potential of mice life-extension studies to clinical research several factors are crucial: standardization of mice lifespan research approaches, the development of clear criteria for control and experimental groups, the establishment of criteria for potential geroprotectors, and focusing on targets and their clinical application. Pinpointing the targets affected by geroprotectors helps in understanding species-specific differences and identifying potential side effects, ensuring the safety and effectiveness of clinical trials. Additionally, target review facilitates the optimization of treatment protocols and the evaluation of the clinical feasibility of translating research findings into practical therapies for humans.","PeriodicalId":12185,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140663933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
BACKGROUND The high recurrence rate and incidence of distant metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) result in poor prognosis. Natural compounds that can complement combination radiation therapy need to be identified. Arenobufagin is commonly used for heart diseases and liver cancer, but its effectiveness in NPC is unclear. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS The effect of arenobufagin-induced apoptosis was measured by a cell viability assay, tumorigenic assay, fluorescence assay, and Western blot assay through NPC-039 and NPC-BM cell lines. The protease array, Western blot assay, and transient transfection were used to investigate the underlying mechanism of arenobufagin-induced apoptosis. A NPC xenograft model was established to explore the antitumor activity of arenobufagin in vivo. RESULTS Our findings indicated that arenobufagin exerted cytotoxic effects on NPC cells, inhibiting proliferation through apoptosis activation. The downregulation of claspin was confirmed in arenobufagin-induced apoptosis. The combined treatment of arenobufagin and inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase demonstrated that arenobufagin induced NPC apoptosis through the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) pathway inhibition. Furthermore, arenobufagin suppressed NPC tumor proliferation in vivo. CONCLUSION Our results revealed the antitumor effect of arenobufagin in vitro and in vivo. Arenobufagin may provide clinical utility on NPC due to the suppression of claspin and the JNK pathway.
背景鼻咽癌（NPC）的高复发率和远处转移率导致其预后不佳。需要找到能辅助联合放射治疗的天然化合物。研究设计与方法通过 NPC-039 和 NPC-BM 细胞系，采用细胞活力检测、致瘤检测、荧光检测和 Western 印迹检测等方法测定阿仑布法金诱导细胞凋亡的效果。蛋白酶阵列、Western印迹检测和瞬时转染用于研究arenobufagin诱导细胞凋亡的内在机制。结果表明，arenobufagin 对鼻咽癌细胞具有细胞毒性作用，通过激活细胞凋亡抑制细胞增殖。在arenobufagin诱导的细胞凋亡中，证实了claspin的下调。将arenobufagin和丝裂原活化蛋白激酶抑制剂联合处理，证明arenobufagin可通过抑制c-Jun N-末端激酶（JNK）通路诱导鼻咽癌细胞凋亡。结论我们的研究结果揭示了阿诺布法金在体外和体内的抗肿瘤作用。Arenobufagin能抑制Claspin和JNK通路，因此可用于鼻咽癌的临床治疗。
{"title":"Arenobufagin induces cell apoptosis by modulating the cell cycle regulator claspin and the JNK pathway in nasopharyngeal carcinoma cells.","authors":"Hsin-Yu Ho, Mu-Kuan Chen, Chia-Chieh Lin, Yu‐Sheng Lo, Yi‐Ching Chuang, Ming-Ju Hsieh","doi":"10.1080/14728222.2024.2348014","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2024.2348014","url":null,"abstract":"BACKGROUND\u0000The high recurrence rate and incidence of distant metastasis of nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) result in poor prognosis. Natural compounds that can complement combination radiation therapy need to be identified. Arenobufagin is commonly used for heart diseases and liver cancer, but its effectiveness in NPC is unclear.\u0000\u0000\u0000STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS\u0000The effect of arenobufagin-induced apoptosis was measured by a cell viability assay, tumorigenic assay, fluorescence assay, and Western blot assay through NPC-039 and NPC-BM cell lines. The protease array, Western blot assay, and transient transfection were used to investigate the underlying mechanism of arenobufagin-induced apoptosis. A NPC xenograft model was established to explore the antitumor activity of arenobufagin in vivo.\u0000\u0000\u0000RESULTS\u0000Our findings indicated that arenobufagin exerted cytotoxic effects on NPC cells, inhibiting proliferation through apoptosis activation. The downregulation of claspin was confirmed in arenobufagin-induced apoptosis. The combined treatment of arenobufagin and inhibitors of mitogen-activated protein kinase demonstrated that arenobufagin induced NPC apoptosis through the c-Jun N-terminal kinases (JNK) pathway inhibition. Furthermore, arenobufagin suppressed NPC tumor proliferation in vivo.\u0000\u0000\u0000CONCLUSION\u0000Our results revealed the antitumor effect of arenobufagin in vitro and in vivo. Arenobufagin may provide clinical utility on NPC due to the suppression of claspin and the JNK pathway.","PeriodicalId":12185,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140661042","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-23DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2344695
Shiyu Xiao, Hongxia Chen, Yunpeng Bai, Z. Zhang, Yan Liu
INTRODUCTION Phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL) family proteins, also known as protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A (PTP4A), have been implicated in many types of cancers. The PRL family of phosphatases consists of three members, PRL1, PRL2, and PRL3. PRLs have been shown to harbor oncogenic potentials and are highly expressed in a variety of cancers. Given their roles in cancer progression and metastasis, PRLs are potential targets for anticancer therapies. However, additional studies are needed to be performed to fully understand the roles of PRLs in blood cancers. AREAS COVERED In this review, we will summarize recent studies of PRLs in normal and malignant hematopoiesis, the role of PRLs in regulating various signaling pathways, and the therapeutic potentials of targeting PRLs in hematological malignancies. We will also discuss how to improve current PRL inhibitors for cancer treatment. EXPERT OPINION Although PRL inhibitors show promising therapeutic effects in preclinical studies of different types of cancers, moving PRL inhibitors from bench to bedside is still challenging. More potent and selective PRL inhibitors are needed to target PRLs in hematological malignancies and improve treatment outcomes.
导言再生肝磷酸酶（PRL）家族蛋白，又称蛋白酪氨酸磷酸酶 4A（PTP4A），与多种癌症有关。PRL 磷酸酶家族由 PRL1、PRL2 和 PRL3 三个成员组成。PRLs 已被证明具有致癌潜能，并在多种癌症中高度表达。鉴于其在癌症进展和转移中的作用，PRLs 是抗癌疗法的潜在靶点。在这篇综述中，我们将总结有关 PRLs 在正常和恶性造血过程中的最新研究、PRLs 在调节各种信号通路中的作用以及针对血液恶性肿瘤中 PRLs 的治疗潜力。我们还将讨论如何改进目前用于癌症治疗的 PRL 抑制剂。专家观点虽然 PRL 抑制剂在不同类型癌症的临床前研究中显示出了良好的治疗效果，但将 PRL 抑制剂从临床应用推向临床治疗仍是一项挑战。需要更强效、更具选择性的 PRL 抑制剂来靶向治疗血液恶性肿瘤中的 PRLs 并改善治疗效果。
{"title":"Targeting PRL phosphatases in hematological malignancies.","authors":"Shiyu Xiao, Hongxia Chen, Yunpeng Bai, Z. Zhang, Yan Liu","doi":"10.1080/14728222.2024.2344695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2024.2344695","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Phosphatase of regenerating liver (PRL) family proteins, also known as protein tyrosine phosphatase 4A (PTP4A), have been implicated in many types of cancers. The PRL family of phosphatases consists of three members, PRL1, PRL2, and PRL3. PRLs have been shown to harbor oncogenic potentials and are highly expressed in a variety of cancers. Given their roles in cancer progression and metastasis, PRLs are potential targets for anticancer therapies. However, additional studies are needed to be performed to fully understand the roles of PRLs in blood cancers.\u0000\u0000\u0000AREAS COVERED\u0000In this review, we will summarize recent studies of PRLs in normal and malignant hematopoiesis, the role of PRLs in regulating various signaling pathways, and the therapeutic potentials of targeting PRLs in hematological malignancies. We will also discuss how to improve current PRL inhibitors for cancer treatment.\u0000\u0000\u0000EXPERT OPINION\u0000Although PRL inhibitors show promising therapeutic effects in preclinical studies of different types of cancers, moving PRL inhibitors from bench to bedside is still challenging. More potent and selective PRL inhibitors are needed to target PRLs in hematological malignancies and improve treatment outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12185,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140668659","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
INTRODUCTION Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), a 97-kDa serine/threonine Ste20-related protein kinase, functions as an intracellular negative regulator, primarily in hematopoietic lineage cells, where it regulates T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and other immune cells. Loss of HPK1 kinase activity results in exacerbated cytokine secretion, enhanced T cell signaling, improved viral clearance, and thus increased restraint of tumor growth. These findings highlight HPK1 as a promising target for immuno-oncology treatments, culminating in the advancement of candidate compounds targeting HPK1 to clinical trials by several biotech enterprises. AREAS COVERED Through searching PubMed, Espacenet-patent search, and clinicaltrials.gov, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of HPK1, encompassing its structure and roles in various downstream signaling pathways, the consequences of constitutive activation of HPK1, and potential therapeutic strategies to treat HPK1-driven malignancies. Moreover, the review outlines the patents issued for small molecule inhibitors and clinical investigations of HPK1. EXPERT OPINION To enhance the success of tumor immunotherapy in clinical trials, it is important to develop protein degraders, allosteric inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates based on the crystal structure of HPK1, and to explore combination therapy approaches. Although several challenges remain, development of HPK1 inhibitors display promising in preclinical and clinical studies.
{"title":"Current strategies for targeting HPK1 in cancer and the barriers to preclinical progress.","authors":"Hui Chen, Xiangna Guan, Chi He, Tingting Lu, Xingyu Lin, Xuebin Liao","doi":"10.1080/14728222.2024.2344697","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2024.2344697","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Hematopoietic progenitor kinase 1 (HPK1), a 97-kDa serine/threonine Ste20-related protein kinase, functions as an intracellular negative regulator, primarily in hematopoietic lineage cells, where it regulates T cells, B cells, dendritic cells and other immune cells. Loss of HPK1 kinase activity results in exacerbated cytokine secretion, enhanced T cell signaling, improved viral clearance, and thus increased restraint of tumor growth. These findings highlight HPK1 as a promising target for immuno-oncology treatments, culminating in the advancement of candidate compounds targeting HPK1 to clinical trials by several biotech enterprises.\u0000\u0000\u0000AREAS COVERED\u0000Through searching PubMed, Espacenet-patent search, and clinicaltrials.gov, this review provides a comprehensive analysis of HPK1, encompassing its structure and roles in various downstream signaling pathways, the consequences of constitutive activation of HPK1, and potential therapeutic strategies to treat HPK1-driven malignancies. Moreover, the review outlines the patents issued for small molecule inhibitors and clinical investigations of HPK1.\u0000\u0000\u0000EXPERT OPINION\u0000To enhance the success of tumor immunotherapy in clinical trials, it is important to develop protein degraders, allosteric inhibitors, and antibody-drug conjugates based on the crystal structure of HPK1, and to explore combination therapy approaches. Although several challenges remain, development of HPK1 inhibitors display promising in preclinical and clinical studies.","PeriodicalId":12185,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140673835","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2344696
Shiqi Fu, Xiuzu Song
INTRODUCTION Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease induced by viral infection or vaccination. With the increased incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the incidence of AA has also increased. Recently the incidence was found to be 7.8% from a previously reported rate of 2.1%. The physical and psychological damage caused by AA could seriously affect patients' lives, while AA is a challenging dermatological disease owing to its complex pathogenesis. AREAS COVERED This paper presents a comprehensive review of the prevalence, pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for AA after infection with SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV-2 vaccine. EXPERT OPINION The treatment of AA remains challenging because of the complexity of its pathogenesis. For patients with AA after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination, the use of sex hormones and alternative regenerative therapies may be actively considered in addition to conventional treatments. For preexisting disease, therapeutic agents should be adjusted to the patient's specific condition.
简介：斑秃（AA）是一种由病毒感染或疫苗接种诱发的自身免疫性疾病。随着严重急性呼吸系统综合征冠状病毒 2（SARS-CoV-2）发病率的增加，AA 的发病率也随之增加。最近发现，发病率从以前报告的 2.1%上升到 7.8%。本文全面综述了感染 SARS-CoV-2 或 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗后 AA 的发病率、发病机理和潜在治疗目标。专家观点由于 AA 的发病机理复杂，其治疗仍具有挑战性。对于感染 SARS-CoV-2 或接种 SARS-CoV-2 疫苗后的 AA 患者，除常规治疗外，还可积极考虑使用性激素和其他再生疗法。对于原有疾病，应根据患者的具体情况调整治疗药物。
{"title":"The clinical and immunological features of alopecia areata following SARS-CoV-2 infection or COVID-19 vaccines.","authors":"Shiqi Fu, Xiuzu Song","doi":"10.1080/14728222.2024.2344696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2024.2344696","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000Alopecia areata (AA) is an autoimmune disease induced by viral infection or vaccination. With the increased incidence of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2), the incidence of AA has also increased. Recently the incidence was found to be 7.8% from a previously reported rate of 2.1%. The physical and psychological damage caused by AA could seriously affect patients' lives, while AA is a challenging dermatological disease owing to its complex pathogenesis.\u0000\u0000\u0000AREAS COVERED\u0000This paper presents a comprehensive review of the prevalence, pathogenesis and potential therapeutic targets for AA after infection with SARS-CoV-2 or SARS-CoV-2 vaccine.\u0000\u0000\u0000EXPERT OPINION\u0000The treatment of AA remains challenging because of the complexity of its pathogenesis. For patients with AA after SARS-CoV-2 infection or vaccination, the use of sex hormones and alternative regenerative therapies may be actively considered in addition to conventional treatments. For preexisting disease, therapeutic agents should be adjusted to the patient's specific condition.","PeriodicalId":12185,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140675334","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-22DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2342522
Yanyan Liu, Qiu Sun, Xiawei Wei
INTRODUCTION The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is a crucial intracellular signaling pathway involved in cell growth, proliferation, survival, and metabolism, which is aberrant in almost all types of cancer. Extensive research is dedicated to elucidating the mechanisms of action and developing PI3K inhibitors. However, only a small portion of the research has been successfully translated into clinical applications. AREAS COVERED In this review, we present an overview of the pivotal role that the PI3K pathway plays in tumor development. We discuss the current landscape of PI3K inhibitors in preclinical and clinical trials, address the mechanisms of resistance to PI3K inhibition along with their associated toxic effects, and highlight significant advancements in preclinical research of this field. EXPERT OPINION Based on our study and comprehension of PI3K, we provide a recapitulation of the key lessons learned from the research process and propose potential measures for improvement that could prove valuable.
{"title":"Strategies and techniques for preclinical therapeutic targeting of PI3Kin oncology: where do we stand in 2024?","authors":"Yanyan Liu, Qiu Sun, Xiawei Wei","doi":"10.1080/14728222.2024.2342522","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2024.2342522","url":null,"abstract":"INTRODUCTION\u0000The phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K) pathway is a crucial intracellular signaling pathway involved in cell growth, proliferation, survival, and metabolism, which is aberrant in almost all types of cancer. Extensive research is dedicated to elucidating the mechanisms of action and developing PI3K inhibitors. However, only a small portion of the research has been successfully translated into clinical applications.\u0000\u0000\u0000AREAS COVERED\u0000In this review, we present an overview of the pivotal role that the PI3K pathway plays in tumor development. We discuss the current landscape of PI3K inhibitors in preclinical and clinical trials, address the mechanisms of resistance to PI3K inhibition along with their associated toxic effects, and highlight significant advancements in preclinical research of this field.\u0000\u0000\u0000EXPERT OPINION\u0000Based on our study and comprehension of PI3K, we provide a recapitulation of the key lessons learned from the research process and propose potential measures for improvement that could prove valuable.","PeriodicalId":12185,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-22","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140674572","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-19DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2345746
Dorothea Noll, Dorothea Kehr, Patrick Most, Julia Ritterhoff
Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets (Just accepted, 2024)
发表于《治疗靶点专家意见》（刚刚接受，2024 年）
{"title":"S100A1: a promising therapeutic target for heart failure","authors":"Dorothea Noll, Dorothea Kehr, Patrick Most, Julia Ritterhoff","doi":"10.1080/14728222.2024.2345746","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2024.2345746","url":null,"abstract":"Published in Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets (Just accepted, 2024)","PeriodicalId":12185,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623717","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-19DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2344699
Aditya Upadhyay, Dharm Pal, Awanish Kumar
Salmonella Typhibiofilm condition is showing as a major public health problem due to the developmentof antibiotic resistance and less available druggable target proteins.Therefore, we aimed to iden...
{"title":"Molecular drilling to combat salmonella typhi biofilm using L-Asparaginase via multiple targeting process","authors":"Aditya Upadhyay, Dharm Pal, Awanish Kumar","doi":"10.1080/14728222.2024.2344699","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/14728222.2024.2344699","url":null,"abstract":"Salmonella Typhibiofilm condition is showing as a major public health problem due to the developmentof antibiotic resistance and less available druggable target proteins.Therefore, we aimed to iden...","PeriodicalId":12185,"journal":{"name":"Expert Opinion on Therapeutic Targets","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":5.8,"publicationDate":"2024-04-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"140623716","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-04-17DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2024.2343952
Ozasvi R Shanker, Sonali Kumar, Jyotirmoy Banerjee, Manjari Tripathi, P Sarat Chandra, Aparna Banerjee Dixit
Epilepsy is a chronic neurological condition characterized by a persistent propensity for seizure generation. About one-third of patients do not achieve seizure control with the first-line treatmen...
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