F1000Research最新文献

Cinnamomum burmanni (Nees & T.Nees) Blume (Lauraceae) belongs to the Magnoliids group and is mainly distributed in Indonesia and Southeast Asia. The complete chloroplast (cp) genome of C. burmanni sampled from Indonesia was assembled and annotated for the first time in this study. The length of the cp genome is 152,765 bp with a GC content of 39%, and it consists of four subregions: a large single-copy (LSC) region of 93,636 bp, a small single-copy (SSC) region of 18,893 bp and two inverted repeats (IR) regions (IRA 20,121 bp; IRB 20,115 bp) . The cp genome of C. burmanni encodes a total of 173 unique genes, which are 96 protein-coding genes, 19 rRNA genes, and 68 tRNA genes that can be utilized for advanced genetic and genomic studies of the species.

The human GBA1 gene encodes glucocerebrosidase (GCase), a lysosomal enzyme that hydrolyzes glucosylceramides. Variants in GBA1 and reduced GCase activity have been linked to Parkinson's disease and Gaucher's disease. Here we have characterized twenty-four GCase commercial antibodies for western blot, immunoprecipitation, and immunofluorescence using a standardized experimental protocol based on comparing read-outs in knockout cell lines and isogenic parental controls. These studies are part of a larger, collaborative initiative seeking to address antibody reproducibility issues by characterizing commercially available antibodies for human proteins and publishing the results openly as a resource for the scientific community. While the use of antibodies and protocols vary between laboratories, we encourage readers to use this report as a guide to select the most appropriate antibodies for their specific needs.

Background: Sleep disturbances frequently occur in concomitance with chronic pain, exacerbating its detrimental effects and diminishing patients' quality of life. Although various studies have explored the relationship between chronic pain and sleep disturbances, comprehensive evidence on detailed assessment methods and their bidirectional interactions remains limited. This scoping review aimed to examine the characteristics and prevalence of assessment methods for sleep and pain-related outcomes in individuals with chronic pain.

Methods: A comprehensive search of nine databases identified observational and interventional studies examining the relationship between sleep disturbances/disorders and chronic pain in adults. A literature search was conducted in MEDLINE, the Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Embase, PsycINFO, Web of Science, Cumulative Index to Nursing and Allied Health Literature (CINAHL) as well as gray literature sources, Open Grey. In addition, the following trial registries were searched for ongoing or unpublished trials: the World Health Organization International Clinical Trials Registry Platform and ClinicalTrials.gov.

Results: This review included 81 of 3,513 studies. Approximately 90.1% of studies relied on self-report sleep assessments, whereas only 9.9% incorporated objective measures. Additionally, 7.4% of studies used a combination of self-report and objective sleep assessments. The visual analog and numeric rating scales were the most frequently used methods for assessing pain-related outcomes (59.3%). Despite extensive research on sleep and chronic pain, critical gaps persist, particularly in the integration of multidimensional assessment tools.

Conclusions: This scoping review discovered imbalances in the content of both sleep and pain assessments. Future studies should integrate both objective and self-report assessment tools to provide a more comprehensive understanding of this interaction.

Background: Breastfeeding is vital for maternal and child health, yet breastfeeding practices and duration vary globally. In Tunisia, data on factors influencing breastfeeding, especially initiation timing, are limited. This study assessed breastfeeding practices, initiation timing, and associated maternal and delivery factors among Tunisian women, focusing on breastfeeding duration up to 12 months postpartum.

Methods: Analytical cross-sectional study was conducted over a four-month period, from November 1, 2023, to February 29, 2024, in the Gynecology and Obstetrics Department B of Charles Nicolle Hospital in Tunis- Tunisia. Women who delivered during the study period were included. Data on sociodemographic characteristics, medical and obstetric history, breastfeeding knowledge and preparation, delivery, postpartum and breastfeeding practices were collected through a questionnaire. Breastfeeding duration was grouped into 1-3, 3-6, and >6 months. Associations with breastfeeding duration were analyzed.

Results: In total, 400 women were included. Most women were Tunisian (99%), urban residents (91.5%), and of higher socioeconomic status (84.3%). Obesity was present in 20.5%, and cesarean delivery rate was 52.8%. Early breastfeeding initiation (within 1 hour) occurred in only 19.3%, with 80.8% delayed initiation. Breastfeeding continuation at 12 months was 44% and was significantly associated with early initiation (p < 0.001); 77.9% of women who initiated breastfeeding within the first hour continued at 12 months, compared to markedly lower rates among those with delayed initiation. Maternal obesity predicted shorter breastfeeding duration (p = 0.026). Cesarean delivery showed no significant impact. Skin-to-skin contact was low (38.3%), and less than half received breastfeeding education (46%). Family support was not linked to breastfeeding duration.

Conclusions: Breastfeeding continuation at 12 months was associated with early initiation and negatively influenced by maternal obesity. Despite high breastfeeding intention, delays in initiation, obesity and limited breastfeeding education hinder optimal breastfeeding outcomes. Interventions promoting early initiation, skin-to-skin contact, and tailored postnatal support are needed to improve breastfeeding continuation.

Background: Extrusion-spheronization is the most commonly used technology to produce pellets using microcrystalline cellulose as a pelletizing agent. However, it has the major drawbacks of lack of disintegration and prolonged drug release. This study aimed to develop rapidly disintegrating microcrystalline cellulose-based pellets.

Methods: Several pellet formulations were prepared via extrusion spheronization using a combination of microcrystalline cellulose, mannitol, polyethylene glycol 400(PEG 400), polyplasdone (PPXL), and croscarmellose sodium (CCS). Subsequently, they were evaluated for their physical characteristics.

Results: Process optimization indicated that 500 RPM is the ideal extrusion speed. Furthermore, the best spheronization speed was to start with a speed of 3000 RPM speed to cut off the extrudate at a shorter length and then lower the speed to 1000 RPM to reduce fine production and allow for spherical pellet formation. Increasing the polyethylene glycol content to 20% and maintaining the percentages of croscarmellose sodium (15%), 15%), and polyplasdone xl (5%), respectively, demonstrated a significant improvement in disintegration time (DT).

Conclusions: MCC-based pellets with fast-disintegrating characteristics were obtained by extrusion and spheronization. Incorporating the soluble filler mannitol, hydrophilic polymer PEG 400 with super-disintegrant CCS, and PPXL 400 resulted in a more porous matrix that facilitated water entry and rapid swelling of the pellets to explode and disintegrate quickly (2 min).

Introduction: Prion diseases are mortal neurodegenerative disorders, which include Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD). Due to its heterogenous clinical presentation diagnosis uncertainties are common. In this paper we explore CJD diagnostic challenges focusing on differential diagnosis and diagnostic delays.

Methods: We report a case of a patient who was misclassified and evaluated by several medical specialties before the CJD suspicion. A systematic review of the literature of the CJD case reports focused on the timely and differential diagnosis was carried out in Medline and Embase until May 2023.

Results: Patient with diagnosis was made due to the form of presentation and clinical evolution, neuroimaging and the presence of protein 14-3-3. In systematic review, fifteen articles were selected, who reported 31 cases of CJD with problems in the timely diagnosis and incorrect initial diagnosis, the main initial differential diagnoses were psychiatry exacerbation, myelopathy, epilepsy, stroke, parkinsonism, cerebellar ataxia and autoimmune encephalitis. The most common clinical onset was psychobehavioral disturbances (apathy, confusion and sleep disturbance), extrapyramidal signs and cognitive impairment. The diagnosis delay was from one to eighteen months.

Conclusion: A discussion of the case report and the diagnostic challenges reported in the literature was made. Patients can present a wide range of symptoms. It is recommended to consider CJD for the differential diagnosis in patients with behavioral symptoms, and cognitive impairment.

Celiac disease (CD) is an immune-mediated enteropathy triggered by gluten in genetically susceptible individuals, characterized by villous atrophy, crypt hyperplasia, and intraepithelial lymphocytosis. Despite advances in serological testing, duodenal biopsy remains the diagnostic gold standard, especially in atypical or patchy disease. This retrospective study at King Fahd University Hospital (KFUH), Saudi Arabia, evaluated the diagnostic contribution of biopsies from the duodenal bulb (D1) and distal duodenum (D2) in 224 patients assessed for suspected CD between August 2023 and August 2024. Clinical, serological [IgA anti-tissue transglutaminase (anti-TG2), anti-endomysial antibodies (EMA), deamidated gliadin peptide], and histopathological data were analyzed. Sixty-five patients (29%) were diagnosed with CD. Villous atrophy, mucosal flattening, and increased intraepithelial lymphocytes were strongly associated with CD (p ≤ 0.001), and positive anti-TG2 and EMA correlated with Marsh grade. Combined D1 and D2 sampling improved diagnostic yield, underscoring the value of integrating histology and serology in evaluating classical and non-classical CD presentations.

Background: In the context of 21 ^st century education, creative thinking is a key competency required to navigate complex and rapidly changing global challenges. However, in the digital era, students' creative thinking skills are often insufficiently developed due to the lack of attention to learning profiles, interests, and readiness. In social studies learning, this issue limits students' opportunities to explore and express creative ideas.

Methods: This study aimed to design and implement a hypermedia e-module based on differentiated learning, called EduHYPE-IPS, to enhance elementary school students' creative thinking skills. The research employed a Research and Development (R&D) with ten stages the Borg and Gall model. The participants were fifth-grade students from six elementary schools in Majalengka and Yogyakarta, selected purposively. Data were collected through creative thinking tests and response questionnaires from students and teachers, and analyzed using descriptive and comparative statistics to determine validity, practicality, and effectiveness.

Results: The developed e-module achieved a high level of validity, with an average expert validation score of 92.45% across media, content, and language aspects. Field trials demonstrated an improvement in students' creative thinking, with an average N-Gain of 22.46% in the control class and 51.81% in the experimental class. Both students and teachers responded very positively, indicating that EduHYPE-IPS was engaging, user-friendly, and effective in supporting differentiated learning.

Conclusions: The findings confirm that the hypermedia e-module meets the criteria of being valid, practical, and effective. EduHYPE-IPS can serve as an innovative digital learning resource to foster creativity in primary education and as a practical tool for teachers to design engaging, student-centered lessons integrating technology with differentiated teaching strategies.

Background: Bariatric surgery, particularly sleeve gastrectomy (SG), has emerged as an effective long-term treatment for morbid obesity. Despite its benefits, howver, it may result in severe complications. One rare but serious postoperative issue is the development of a gastrobronchial fistula (GBF), a condition with a challenging diagnosis and management pathway due to its insidious nature.

Case presentation: We report the case of a 36-year-old woman who underwent sleeve gastrectomy in 2015. The early postoperative course was complicated by a gastric fistula that was managed with double pigtail stents. Subsequently, the patient developed recurrent bronchopulmonary infections, and imaging in 2017 revealed a GBF connecting the gastric remnant to the bronchial tree. Initial endoscopic management with stenting failed because of migration. Definitive surgical management involved complex adhesiolysis and creation of tension-free fistula-jejunal anastomosis. Postoperative recovery was uneventful, and the patient remains asymptomatic.

Discussion: Gastrothoracic fistula post-bariatric surgery is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication. Their development is often linked to the insufficient treatment of early gastric leaks or collections. Diagnosis is frequently delayed owing to nonspecific respiratory symptoms. Endoscopic approaches have show limited success, and surgical management, often complex, is frequently necessary. Multidisciplinary strategies, including endoscopic and surgical options, are vital for achieving favorable outcomes.

Conclusion: Gastrobronchial fistulas represent a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge following sleeve gastrectomy. A high index of suspicion, long-term follow-up, and tailored multidisciplinary approach are essential for effective management and resolution. Awareness of this rare complication should prompt early detection and intervention to reduce the morbidity and mortality.

Introduction: Textiloma refers to a retained surgical textile material within the body after surgery. It is a rare but serious iatrogenic complication that may remain asymptomatic for years.

Case presentation: We report a case of a 38-year-old woman with a history of open ovarian cystectomy 15 years earlier, presenting with persistent abdominal pain. Imaging revealed a complex pelvic mass with abscess formation and enteric fistula. Despite interventional drainage and antibiotic therapy, the patient developed signs of sepsis. Endoscopic evaluation revealed a retained surgical textile in the rectum, which was extracted. The patient subsequently developed generalized peritonitis and underwent emergency laparotomy revealing two retained textilomas and multiple intestinal perforations. Despite aggressive surgical intervention, the patient succumbed to septic shock on postoperative day one.

Conclusion: Textiloma should be considered in patients with atypical abdominal masses and previous surgical history. Preventive strategies and early recognition are critical to avoid fatal outcomes.