Agnan Marie-Michel Combo, P. A. Dakia, Obouo Hugues Jonathan Gildas Kobi, D. Angaman
Eggplant is one of the most commonly consumed vegetables in Cote d’Ivoire. For this purpose, the nutrient constituents of eggplant varieties (Niguema, N’drowa, Aliona, Bello, Kotobi, Italy, Tiger, Kalenda and Gnangnan) were evaluated by standard procedures. The proximate composition in dry weight basis was significantly (P < 0.05) varied and ranged: dry matter 86.72-93.29%, crude protein 9.94-22.11%, crude fat 5.07-20.43%, crude fiber 23.15-50.53%, crude ash 5.14-10.09%, carbohydrate 12.41-39.22%, and energy value 211.53-320.94 kcal/100g. Gnangnan had the highest content in fat. Kalenda had the highest protein content, N’drowa had the highest fiber content, Bello had the highest content in carbohydrate, while Tiger presented the highest content in both ash and energy values. The phenolic content ranges from 618.28 to 977.35 mg/100g while the vitamin C ranges from 92.88 to 150.59 mg/100g in dry weight basis. Italy had the highest content in phenolic while Kalenda had the highest content in vitamin C. Interrelationships between the parameters analysed and the different eggplant varieties were investigated by principal component analysis (PCA). PCA revealed differences between the eggplant varieties and classified them into three clusters on the basis of the measured parameters: Cluster 1 (Gnangnan), Cluster 2 (Niguema, N’drowa, Italy and Aliona) and Cluster 3 (Bello, Kalenda, Kotobi and Tiger) This study is a contribution to the knowledge of the nutritional composition of eggplant cultivated in Cote d’Ivoire. In view of these results, eggplant can help to reduce the nutrition-related disorders in Africa. Keywords: Eggplant, Varieties, Proximate composition, Antioxidant DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/102-07 Publication date: November 30 th 2020
{"title":"Investigating Eggplant Fruit (Solanum spp.) Cultivated in Côte d’Ivoire for Their Physicochemical and Antioxidant Characteristics","authors":"Agnan Marie-Michel Combo, P. A. Dakia, Obouo Hugues Jonathan Gildas Kobi, D. Angaman","doi":"10.7176/fsqm/102-07","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/fsqm/102-07","url":null,"abstract":"Eggplant is one of the most commonly consumed vegetables in Cote d’Ivoire. For this purpose, the nutrient constituents of eggplant varieties (Niguema, N’drowa, Aliona, Bello, Kotobi, Italy, Tiger, Kalenda and Gnangnan) were evaluated by standard procedures. The proximate composition in dry weight basis was significantly (P < 0.05) varied and ranged: dry matter 86.72-93.29%, crude protein 9.94-22.11%, crude fat 5.07-20.43%, crude fiber 23.15-50.53%, crude ash 5.14-10.09%, carbohydrate 12.41-39.22%, and energy value 211.53-320.94 kcal/100g. Gnangnan had the highest content in fat. Kalenda had the highest protein content, N’drowa had the highest fiber content, Bello had the highest content in carbohydrate, while Tiger presented the highest content in both ash and energy values. The phenolic content ranges from 618.28 to 977.35 mg/100g while the vitamin C ranges from 92.88 to 150.59 mg/100g in dry weight basis. Italy had the highest content in phenolic while Kalenda had the highest content in vitamin C. Interrelationships between the parameters analysed and the different eggplant varieties were investigated by principal component analysis (PCA). PCA revealed differences between the eggplant varieties and classified them into three clusters on the basis of the measured parameters: Cluster 1 (Gnangnan), Cluster 2 (Niguema, N’drowa, Italy and Aliona) and Cluster 3 (Bello, Kalenda, Kotobi and Tiger) This study is a contribution to the knowledge of the nutritional composition of eggplant cultivated in Cote d’Ivoire. In view of these results, eggplant can help to reduce the nutrition-related disorders in Africa. Keywords: Eggplant, Varieties, Proximate composition, Antioxidant DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/102-07 Publication date: November 30 th 2020","PeriodicalId":12384,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Quality Management","volume":"24 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75942305","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Improving nutrition across the life course from conception through adulthood is essential for the long- term well- being of families and communities and for successful economic and social advancement. A key challenge to achieving sustainable improvement in adequate food choice behavior is the limited knowledge about drivers of food choice particularly among the poor in LMIC, of which Ethiopia is one. Therefore the objective of this study is to identify factors influencing food choice behavior of rural households in Adola Rede district. Multi-stage sampling procedures were employed. Probability sampling to size and random sampling techniques were used to determine study sits, sample respondents from each study sits and draw sample respondents respectively. Survey data was collected from 150 sample respondents using interview schedule. Focus group discussions were also conducted. Descriptive statistics and ordered logit model were employed. Food choice behaviors of the rural households were categorized depending on Food Consumption Score used widely by World Food Program. Among 13 variables used in model, dependency ratio, total land holding, number of livestock owned, access to credit, education and agro- ecology were significantly related to the rural households’ food choice behavior. The food choice behaviors of the household respondents were 30% poor, 45% borderline and 25% adequate food choice behavior. An overwhelmingly, three- fourth of the respondents were found to be inappropriate food choice behavior. Therefore, local government and nongovernmental organizations should give emphasis for improving food choice behavior through continuous training, coaching, asset building and capital mobilization and improving access to different service provider institutions. Keywords: Ethiopia; drivers; food consumption score; food choice; rural households; ordered logit model DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-02 Publication date: September 30 th 2020
{"title":"Examining Factors Driving Changes in Food Choice Behavior of Rural Households in Adola Rede District, East Guji Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Korji Dembi","doi":"10.7176/fsqm/101-02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/fsqm/101-02","url":null,"abstract":"Improving nutrition across the life course from conception through adulthood is essential for the long- term well- being of families and communities and for successful economic and social advancement. A key challenge to achieving sustainable improvement in adequate food choice behavior is the limited knowledge about drivers of food choice particularly among the poor in LMIC, of which Ethiopia is one. Therefore the objective of this study is to identify factors influencing food choice behavior of rural households in Adola Rede district. Multi-stage sampling procedures were employed. Probability sampling to size and random sampling techniques were used to determine study sits, sample respondents from each study sits and draw sample respondents respectively. Survey data was collected from 150 sample respondents using interview schedule. Focus group discussions were also conducted. Descriptive statistics and ordered logit model were employed. Food choice behaviors of the rural households were categorized depending on Food Consumption Score used widely by World Food Program. Among 13 variables used in model, dependency ratio, total land holding, number of livestock owned, access to credit, education and agro- ecology were significantly related to the rural households’ food choice behavior. The food choice behaviors of the household respondents were 30% poor, 45% borderline and 25% adequate food choice behavior. An overwhelmingly, three- fourth of the respondents were found to be inappropriate food choice behavior. Therefore, local government and nongovernmental organizations should give emphasis for improving food choice behavior through continuous training, coaching, asset building and capital mobilization and improving access to different service provider institutions. Keywords: Ethiopia; drivers; food consumption score; food choice; rural households; ordered logit model DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-02 Publication date: September 30 th 2020","PeriodicalId":12384,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Quality Management","volume":"117 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85700669","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of this study was to produce jam using Alasa and honey. Experimental study design and sensory analysis techniques were applied. The study population consists of students and staff of the Hospitality Management department of Takoradi technical University. A sample size of 65 was purposively or conveniently selected. Two forms of data obtained primarily from the primary source include samples of raw materials with ingredients used and sensory form feedback obtained from the respondents. The raw materials were sourced locally. The data was analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel 2013. The paper discovered that majority of the respondents know Alasa and have ever consumed it. Also, most of the respondents expressed their preference for Alasa with reasons pointing to its great natural taste and health benefits. In respect of the specific objectives, majority of the respondents accepted that jam can be produced from Alasa and honey given its rich source of protein and medicinal value. Majority agreed that jam made from Alasa and honey would be accepted in the Ghanaian community and expressed their desire for it to be produced both in local and global markets. The paper concludes with recommendations among other things that diabetic patients should try and patronize Alasa and honey jam, people should patronize Alasa and honey jam in other to introduce varieties to breakfast dishes, research into the health benefits of Alasa and honey jam should be encouraged and industries should produce Alasa and honey jam in large quantities after research uncovers its health benefits. Keywords : Alasa, Experimental design, Honey, Jam, Production, Sensory analysis. DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-06 Publication date: September 30 th 2020
{"title":"The Production of Jam from African Star Apple (Alasa) and Honey","authors":"Lucia Dzokoto, Doris Tempah","doi":"10.7176/fsqm/101-06","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/fsqm/101-06","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study was to produce jam using Alasa and honey. Experimental study design and sensory analysis techniques were applied. The study population consists of students and staff of the Hospitality Management department of Takoradi technical University. A sample size of 65 was purposively or conveniently selected. Two forms of data obtained primarily from the primary source include samples of raw materials with ingredients used and sensory form feedback obtained from the respondents. The raw materials were sourced locally. The data was analyzed using SPSS and Microsoft Excel 2013. The paper discovered that majority of the respondents know Alasa and have ever consumed it. Also, most of the respondents expressed their preference for Alasa with reasons pointing to its great natural taste and health benefits. In respect of the specific objectives, majority of the respondents accepted that jam can be produced from Alasa and honey given its rich source of protein and medicinal value. Majority agreed that jam made from Alasa and honey would be accepted in the Ghanaian community and expressed their desire for it to be produced both in local and global markets. The paper concludes with recommendations among other things that diabetic patients should try and patronize Alasa and honey jam, people should patronize Alasa and honey jam in other to introduce varieties to breakfast dishes, research into the health benefits of Alasa and honey jam should be encouraged and industries should produce Alasa and honey jam in large quantities after research uncovers its health benefits. Keywords : Alasa, Experimental design, Honey, Jam, Production, Sensory analysis. DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-06 Publication date: September 30 th 2020","PeriodicalId":12384,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Quality Management","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76187324","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In Ethiopia, agricultural transformation is taken as a pathway to transition from a traditional subsistence orientation to market focused and commercialized farming system. In this regard, efforts to enhance smallholders’ participation in cereal market in general and teff in particular have made through boosting production . Nevertheless there is dearth of information on the teff of market participation and its intensity of participation in central Oromia particularly in Shashamane district. Therefore, this study was analyzed market participation and extent of teff market participation of farmers. The total 202 respondents were selected by using two stage sampling techniques and also interviewed. Double hurdle model was used to identify the determinants of market participation decisions and extent of market participation. The study showed that, educational level, livestock owned, land allocation for teff production, extension contact had positive significant effect on teff market participation decision, while sex of household head, family size, distance to nearest market had significant and negative effect. Intensity of market participation was affected positively and significantly by land allocated for teff, while family size and non-farm income significantly and negatively affect level of teff mark supply Therefore, focus on strengthening the technical, resource base, infrastructural and institutional capacity building of smallholder farmers are strategies that promote teff producers market participation and Intensity of participation. Keywords: Double hurdle model, Smallholder farmers, Teff market participation DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-04 Publication date: September 30 th 2020
{"title":"Determinants of Market Participation and Intensity of Participation of Teff Producers in West Arsi Zone of Oromia, Ethiopia","authors":"Kuftu Keno Dule","doi":"10.7176/fsqm/101-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/fsqm/101-04","url":null,"abstract":"In Ethiopia, agricultural transformation is taken as a pathway to transition from a traditional subsistence orientation to market focused and commercialized farming system. In this regard, efforts to enhance smallholders’ participation in cereal market in general and teff in particular have made through boosting production . Nevertheless there is dearth of information on the teff of market participation and its intensity of participation in central Oromia particularly in Shashamane district. Therefore, this study was analyzed market participation and extent of teff market participation of farmers. The total 202 respondents were selected by using two stage sampling techniques and also interviewed. Double hurdle model was used to identify the determinants of market participation decisions and extent of market participation. The study showed that, educational level, livestock owned, land allocation for teff production, extension contact had positive significant effect on teff market participation decision, while sex of household head, family size, distance to nearest market had significant and negative effect. Intensity of market participation was affected positively and significantly by land allocated for teff, while family size and non-farm income significantly and negatively affect level of teff mark supply Therefore, focus on strengthening the technical, resource base, infrastructural and institutional capacity building of smallholder farmers are strategies that promote teff producers market participation and Intensity of participation. Keywords: Double hurdle model, Smallholder farmers, Teff market participation DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-04 Publication date: September 30 th 2020","PeriodicalId":12384,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Quality Management","volume":"82 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90818961","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present study was conducted to analysis the quality indicators of cow’s milk both in open market and processing industries in Bangladesh. Total 84 samples of fluid milk (15 samples from the open market of each district are Sirajganj, Pabna, Tangail and Dhaka and 6 samples of pasteurized milk of 4 different brands) were collected. The determination of physicochemical properties, microbial quality and presence of adulterant of all milk samples were carried out. Highest average milk fat was found in the raw milk collected from the open market at Dhaka district and in Brand 4 as 4.2% and 3.55% respectively. The lowest corrected lactometer reading (CLR) was found in Sirajganj as 25.5. A few of the pasteurized milk and open market milk were being adulterated by skimmed milk, sugar, added water and soda and alcohol respectively. Results pertaining to the enumeration of E.coli, Salmonella and V. Cholera exhibited 56.66%, 45% and 10% of samples of open market and 12.5%, 8.33% and 4.17% of samples of brands respectively. Due to unhygienic milking practice and very poor sanitary facilities, the highest amount of total plate count was 7.9 x 106 cfu/ml at Sirajganj district. Keywords: Milk quality, Pasteurization, Open market, Adulteration, Food safety DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-05 Publication date:September 30th 2020
本研究旨在分析孟加拉国公开市场和加工业中牛奶的质量指标。共收集了84份液态奶(Sirajganj、Pabna、Tangail和Dhaka各区露天市场15份，4个不同品牌的巴氏杀菌奶6份)。对所有牛奶样品进行了理化性质、微生物质量和掺假成分的测定。在达卡区和Brand 4露天市场采集的原料奶中，平均乳脂含量最高，分别为4.2%和3.55%。Sirajganj校正后的最低乳酸读数(CLR)为25.5。部分巴氏消毒奶及露天市场奶分别掺入脱脂奶、糖、加水及汽水及酒精。大肠杆菌、沙门氏菌和霍乱弧菌的检出率分别占露天市场样品的56.66%、45%和10%，占品牌样品的12.5%、8.33%和4.17%。由于不卫生的挤奶方法和非常差的卫生设施，在Sirajganj区，总盘菌数最高为7.9 x 106 cfu/ml。关键词:牛奶质量，巴氏杀菌，公开市场，掺假，食品安全DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-05出版日期:2020年9月30日
{"title":"Comparative Quality Analysis of Milk Collected from Open Markets and Dairy Industries in Bangladesh","authors":"M. S. Ahamed, M. Sadia, K. Haque","doi":"10.7176/fsqm/101-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/fsqm/101-05","url":null,"abstract":"The present study was conducted to analysis the quality indicators of cow’s milk both in open market and processing industries in Bangladesh. Total 84 samples of fluid milk (15 samples from the open market of each district are Sirajganj, Pabna, Tangail and Dhaka and 6 samples of pasteurized milk of 4 different brands) were collected. The determination of physicochemical properties, microbial quality and presence of adulterant of all milk samples were carried out. Highest average milk fat was found in the raw milk collected from the open market at Dhaka district and in Brand 4 as 4.2% and 3.55% respectively. The lowest corrected lactometer reading (CLR) was found in Sirajganj as 25.5. A few of the pasteurized milk and open market milk were being adulterated by skimmed milk, sugar, added water and soda and alcohol respectively. Results pertaining to the enumeration of E.coli, Salmonella and V. Cholera exhibited 56.66%, 45% and 10% of samples of open market and 12.5%, 8.33% and 4.17% of samples of brands respectively. Due to unhygienic milking practice and very poor sanitary facilities, the highest amount of total plate count was 7.9 x 106 cfu/ml at Sirajganj district. Keywords: Milk quality, Pasteurization, Open market, Adulteration, Food safety DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-05 Publication date:September 30th 2020","PeriodicalId":12384,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Quality Management","volume":"215 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89334863","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is the grass family Poaceae (Gramineae) and it is the most significant source of carbohydrate. It is one of the first crops among cereals known to have been domesticated, and it is not only an important crop today; it also influenced human history. Wheat is the main factor enabling the emergence of city-based societies at the start of development because it was one of the first crops that could be easily cultivated on large scale, and had the additional advantage of yielding a harvest that provides long term storage of food. For increase wheat production management practices used by farmers vary greatly between locations and are influenced by a wide range of agro-climatic factors (temperature, rainfall, day length, soil type, and topography), biotic factors (pest and disease), and socioeconomic factors (cropping patterns, technology, and institutions. Wheat is grown in different types of farming systems and on many various scales. From those systems extensive farming systems which mean that cultivation of wheat under rain-fed areas and on large scale of land and intensive farming system indicate that cultivation wheat crop by using a different technology (by irrigation method) on small scale plot of land (less than one hector). From the above challenges, planting methods have a countless role in reducing wheat production. Planting methods being one of the most important agronomic factors plays an essential role in seed placement at an appropriate depth, ensure enhance seed emergence and succeeding crop growth. Thus, it is better to review the effects of different methods of wheat planting on production and productivity. Keywords: Wheat, planting method and Grain yield of wheat DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-01 Publication date: September 30 th 2020
{"title":"Review on the Response of Wheat (Triticum aestivum L.) Grain Yield to Different Planting Methods in Ethiopia","authors":"Tamirat Wato","doi":"10.7176/fsqm/101-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/fsqm/101-01","url":null,"abstract":"Wheat ( Triticum aestivum L.) is the grass family Poaceae (Gramineae) and it is the most significant source of carbohydrate. It is one of the first crops among cereals known to have been domesticated, and it is not only an important crop today; it also influenced human history. Wheat is the main factor enabling the emergence of city-based societies at the start of development because it was one of the first crops that could be easily cultivated on large scale, and had the additional advantage of yielding a harvest that provides long term storage of food. For increase wheat production management practices used by farmers vary greatly between locations and are influenced by a wide range of agro-climatic factors (temperature, rainfall, day length, soil type, and topography), biotic factors (pest and disease), and socioeconomic factors (cropping patterns, technology, and institutions. Wheat is grown in different types of farming systems and on many various scales. From those systems extensive farming systems which mean that cultivation of wheat under rain-fed areas and on large scale of land and intensive farming system indicate that cultivation wheat crop by using a different technology (by irrigation method) on small scale plot of land (less than one hector). From the above challenges, planting methods have a countless role in reducing wheat production. Planting methods being one of the most important agronomic factors plays an essential role in seed placement at an appropriate depth, ensure enhance seed emergence and succeeding crop growth. Thus, it is better to review the effects of different methods of wheat planting on production and productivity. Keywords: Wheat, planting method and Grain yield of wheat DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-01 Publication date: September 30 th 2020","PeriodicalId":12384,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Quality Management","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78654527","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This review was aimed to recognize the effect, challenge, magnitude and management practices of postharvest losses in Ethiopia. Global efforts in fight against hunger to raise income and improve food security especially in world poorest country should give priority to the issue of postharvest loss. Postharvest loss is major problem to persistence food insecurity to meet food demand of rapidly growing population. An average magnitude of postharvest losses along value chain of selected (horticultural and cereal) crops has been estimated 10 to 50 % in Ethiopia. Major challenges facing in postharvest handling include lack of: - awareness, communication, targeted policies and strategies, evidence-based postharvest loss assessments, institutional and organizational arrangements, targeted financing and investment in postharvest handling to ensure food security of Ethiopia. Hence, improved postharvest handling practices, better education to farmers, improved infrastructure in order for products to reach markets, developed value chains, collaboration between actors in supply chains and improved technologies must give attention to reduce postharvest loss to achieve improved food security in Ethiopia. Keywords: - postharvest loss, effects, challenges, magnitudes, management practices DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-03 Publication date: September 30 th 2020
{"title":"Review of Postharvest Loss Effects, Magnitudes, Challenges and Management Practices in Ethiopia","authors":"Daniel Daka Godebo","doi":"10.7176/fsqm/101-03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/fsqm/101-03","url":null,"abstract":"This review was aimed to recognize the effect, challenge, magnitude and management practices of postharvest losses in Ethiopia. Global efforts in fight against hunger to raise income and improve food security especially in world poorest country should give priority to the issue of postharvest loss. Postharvest loss is major problem to persistence food insecurity to meet food demand of rapidly growing population. An average magnitude of postharvest losses along value chain of selected (horticultural and cereal) crops has been estimated 10 to 50 % in Ethiopia. Major challenges facing in postharvest handling include lack of: - awareness, communication, targeted policies and strategies, evidence-based postharvest loss assessments, institutional and organizational arrangements, targeted financing and investment in postharvest handling to ensure food security of Ethiopia. Hence, improved postharvest handling practices, better education to farmers, improved infrastructure in order for products to reach markets, developed value chains, collaboration between actors in supply chains and improved technologies must give attention to reduce postharvest loss to achieve improved food security in Ethiopia. Keywords: - postharvest loss, effects, challenges, magnitudes, management practices DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/101-03 Publication date: September 30 th 2020","PeriodicalId":12384,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Quality Management","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-09-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85734770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Food safety is the assurance that food will not cause any harm to the consumer when it is prepared and/or consumed according to its intended use. Ensuring food safety to protect public health remains a significant challenge in both developing and developed countries. In the last decade, large efforts have been made on the global level towards development and implementation of food safety management systems to assure food safety in the agri ‐ food chain. This is demonstrated by multiple Codex Alimentarius guidelines and for example in European Union, illustrated by the introduction of the General Food Law. In Ethiopia, data on sanitation conditions and ensuing effects on health are very limited. Food safety system in Ethiopia is not as organized and developed as in other developed countries. Moreover, problems of growing population, urbanization, environment and food hygiene issues mean that food systems in the country continue to be stressed, adversely affecting the quality and safety of food supplies. The objective of this review is to provide a brief overview of hygiene and food safety system in Ethiopia and forward suggestions to bridge gaps. of
{"title":"A Review on Food hygiene Knowledge, Practice and Food Safety in Ethiopia","authors":"Samuel Chane Teferi","doi":"10.7176/fsqm/105-04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/fsqm/105-04","url":null,"abstract":"Food safety is the assurance that food will not cause any harm to the consumer when it is prepared and/or consumed according to its intended use. Ensuring food safety to protect public health remains a significant challenge in both developing and developed countries. In the last decade, large efforts have been made on the global level towards development and implementation of food safety management systems to assure food safety in the agri ‐ food chain. This is demonstrated by multiple Codex Alimentarius guidelines and for example in European Union, illustrated by the introduction of the General Food Law. In Ethiopia, data on sanitation conditions and ensuing effects on health are very limited. Food safety system in Ethiopia is not as organized and developed as in other developed countries. Moreover, problems of growing population, urbanization, environment and food hygiene issues mean that food systems in the country continue to be stressed, adversely affecting the quality and safety of food supplies. The objective of this review is to provide a brief overview of hygiene and food safety system in Ethiopia and forward suggestions to bridge gaps. of","PeriodicalId":12384,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Quality Management","volume":"43 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73738997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this research, the red beet concentrates were encapsulated with maltodextrin (DE10) citric acid, monoglycerides, lecitin and sunflower oil then spray dried at 150, 160, and 170°C. The color of each spray dried powder was diluted to one brix and analysed by spectrophotometer at 510 nm in duplicate which was compared to initial color of concentrated red beet. The deterioration of color loses were behaved first-order reaction and the reaction rates (k) were determined as 0.02, 0.039 and 0.068 sn-1 at 150, 160, and 170°C respectively. Higher spray drying air temperature results in high-speed drying. However, it was determined that high inlet air temperatures caused more pigment loss. From reaction rates the activation energy was estimated about 21.16 Kcal/mol by using of Arrhenius equations. Determined during the degradation of pigments by heat, t1/2 values were found as 31.25 sec, 17.76 sec, 10.01 sec at 150, 160, and 170°C, respectively. It was determined that the color of red beet was so sensitive during spray drying. It was also determined that reaction rate was about two times faster at each drying temperature raise up 10°C, it was also size of the encapculated powder were determined between 1-10 µm by scanning electron microscope.
{"title":"Encapsulated of Red Beet Colour Changes During Spray Drying","authors":"Gulsever Neslihan, Karatas Sukru","doi":"10.7176/fsqm/100-01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/fsqm/100-01","url":null,"abstract":"In this research, the red beet concentrates were encapsulated with maltodextrin (DE10) citric acid, monoglycerides, lecitin and sunflower oil then spray dried at 150, 160, and 170°C. The color of each spray dried powder was diluted to one brix and analysed by spectrophotometer at 510 nm in duplicate which was compared to initial color of concentrated red beet. The deterioration of color loses were behaved first-order reaction and the reaction rates (k) were determined as 0.02, 0.039 and 0.068 sn-1 at 150, 160, and 170°C respectively. Higher spray drying air temperature results in high-speed drying. However, it was determined that high inlet air temperatures caused more pigment loss. From reaction rates the activation energy was estimated about 21.16 Kcal/mol by using of Arrhenius equations. Determined during the degradation of pigments by heat, t1/2 values were found as 31.25 sec, 17.76 sec, 10.01 sec at 150, 160, and 170°C, respectively. It was determined that the color of red beet was so sensitive during spray drying. It was also determined that reaction rate was about two times faster at each drying temperature raise up 10°C, it was also size of the encapculated powder were determined between 1-10 µm by scanning electron microscope.","PeriodicalId":12384,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Quality Management","volume":"28 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75025226","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study was conducted in SNNPR; Hadiya Zone in Gombora Woreda to assess the status of smallholder farming household’s food security, and its determinants including the role of market accessibility factors in increasing food security at smallholder farm households level. The data used for the study were obtained from 364 randomly selected sample households in the study area. The data for the study was collected from both primary and secondary sources. For the primary data collection, questionnaires was designed and pre-tested based on the objective of the study in the study area. The questionnaires schedule was tested at the farm level on 10 randomly selected farm households. The study was employed both descriptive and econometric data analysis methods. Binary logistic regression model was employed to analyze the market accessibility factors in enhancing food security at smallholder farm household’s level. Results of econometric model showed that the age of household, education level, use of credit, monthly income, and distance to road, distance to market, extension services and crop diseases were significantly determining rural smallholder farm household’s food security. The results suggest that local food security can be enhanced by creating off-farm employment opportunities, improved transportation facilities and road infrastructure. So, government should exhaustively work on promoting irrigation, providing credit, enhancing extension service and subsidize the farmers in the area of agricultural sector to solve the problem of food insecurity and should give due emphasis to female headed households to empower economically. Keywords : Econometric Analysis, Food Security, Binary logistic regression model DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/100-05 Publication date: August 31 st 2020
{"title":"Determinants of Food Security and its Role of Market Access in Enhancing Food Security in Rural Ethiopia: A Case Study Among Rural Smallholder Farm Households of Gombora Woreda in Hadiya Zone, Ethiopia","authors":"Sanait Tadele","doi":"10.7176/fsqm/100-05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7176/fsqm/100-05","url":null,"abstract":"The study was conducted in SNNPR; Hadiya Zone in Gombora Woreda to assess the status of smallholder farming household’s food security, and its determinants including the role of market accessibility factors in increasing food security at smallholder farm households level. The data used for the study were obtained from 364 randomly selected sample households in the study area. The data for the study was collected from both primary and secondary sources. For the primary data collection, questionnaires was designed and pre-tested based on the objective of the study in the study area. The questionnaires schedule was tested at the farm level on 10 randomly selected farm households. The study was employed both descriptive and econometric data analysis methods. Binary logistic regression model was employed to analyze the market accessibility factors in enhancing food security at smallholder farm household’s level. Results of econometric model showed that the age of household, education level, use of credit, monthly income, and distance to road, distance to market, extension services and crop diseases were significantly determining rural smallholder farm household’s food security. The results suggest that local food security can be enhanced by creating off-farm employment opportunities, improved transportation facilities and road infrastructure. So, government should exhaustively work on promoting irrigation, providing credit, enhancing extension service and subsidize the farmers in the area of agricultural sector to solve the problem of food insecurity and should give due emphasis to female headed households to empower economically. Keywords : Econometric Analysis, Food Security, Binary logistic regression model DOI: 10.7176/FSQM/100-05 Publication date: August 31 st 2020","PeriodicalId":12384,"journal":{"name":"Food Science and Quality Management","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"90332287","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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