Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1451113
Gao Na, Zhang Nan, Meng Jingjing, Pan Lili
Cogan's syndrome (CS) is recognized as a form of variable vasculitis. This report presents the case of a middle-aged woman experiencing recurrent coronary artery stenosis, accompanied by a history of non-syphilis keratitis, vestibular auditory symptoms, and venous thrombosis. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed an elevated uptake of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose in the subclavian artery, common carotid artery, aortic arch, and thoracic aorta. A diagnosis of Cogan's syndrome was made. The aim of this study was to increase clinicians’ awareness of the vascular manifestations in CS and to emphasize the importance of thorough history taking. CS should be included in the differential diagnosis when patients present with recurrent coronary artery stenosis.
{"title":"A case report of Cogan's syndrome with recurrent coronary stenosis","authors":"Gao Na, Zhang Nan, Meng Jingjing, Pan Lili","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1451113","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1451113","url":null,"abstract":"Cogan's syndrome (CS) is recognized as a form of variable vasculitis. This report presents the case of a middle-aged woman experiencing recurrent coronary artery stenosis, accompanied by a history of non-syphilis keratitis, vestibular auditory symptoms, and venous thrombosis. Positron emission tomography/computed tomography revealed an elevated uptake of (18)F-fluorodeoxyglucose in the subclavian artery, common carotid artery, aortic arch, and thoracic aorta. A diagnosis of Cogan's syndrome was made. The aim of this study was to increase clinicians’ awareness of the vascular manifestations in CS and to emphasize the importance of thorough history taking. CS should be included in the differential diagnosis when patients present with recurrent coronary artery stenosis.","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-12DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1401384
Yiheng Liu, Mingsheng Huang, Yue Sun, Weiran Dai
BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmias and has a significant economic and social burden. Whether it is associated with lifestyle behaviors and socioeconomic status is currently poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the relationship among these factors and determine the role of inflammatory cytokines.MethodWe investigated the causal effects of lifestyle behaviors and socioeconomic status on AF using bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Instrumental variables were obtained from a publicly available genome-wide association study. A two-step MR was conducted to determine the mediating role of 91 inflammatory cytokines. Inverse variance weighted was used as the main method with four supplementary MR methods. To obtain more robust results, several sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultThe results indicated that seven of the lifestyle behaviors [smoking initiation, vegetable intake, coffee consumption (cups/day), dozing, lifetime smoking index, napping, and alcohol abuse] were potential risk factors for AF. One socioeconomic status, education attainment (years of education), was causally associated with a decreased risk of AF. Moreover, we found that thymic stromal lymphopoietin, CD40l receptor, C-X-C motif chemokine 6, and C-X-C motif chemokine 11 levels mediated the causal effect, at proportions of 13.6%, 4.1%, 4.3%, and 6.9%, respectively.ConclusionOur findings provide insight into the relationship between lifestyle behaviors, socioeconomic status, and AF. Inflammatory cytokines are potential mediators of this relationship.
{"title":"Exploring the effect of lifestyle behaviors and socioeconomic status on atrial fibrillation: the mediating role of 91 inflammatory cytokines","authors":"Yiheng Liu, Mingsheng Huang, Yue Sun, Weiran Dai","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1401384","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1401384","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundAtrial fibrillation (AF) is one of the most prevalent cardiac arrhythmias and has a significant economic and social burden. Whether it is associated with lifestyle behaviors and socioeconomic status is currently poorly understood. This study aimed to explore the relationship among these factors and determine the role of inflammatory cytokines.MethodWe investigated the causal effects of lifestyle behaviors and socioeconomic status on AF using bidirectional two-sample Mendelian randomization (MR). Instrumental variables were obtained from a publicly available genome-wide association study. A two-step MR was conducted to determine the mediating role of 91 inflammatory cytokines. Inverse variance weighted was used as the main method with four supplementary MR methods. To obtain more robust results, several sensitivity analyses were conducted.ResultThe results indicated that seven of the lifestyle behaviors [smoking initiation, vegetable intake, coffee consumption (cups/day), dozing, lifetime smoking index, napping, and alcohol abuse] were potential risk factors for AF. One socioeconomic status, education attainment (years of education), was causally associated with a decreased risk of AF. Moreover, we found that thymic stromal lymphopoietin, CD40l receptor, C-X-C motif chemokine 6, and C-X-C motif chemokine 11 levels mediated the causal effect, at proportions of 13.6%, 4.1%, 4.3%, and 6.9%, respectively.ConclusionOur findings provide insight into the relationship between lifestyle behaviors, socioeconomic status, and AF. Inflammatory cytokines are potential mediators of this relationship.","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221721","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1416092
Ethan D. Kotloff, Yash Desai, Rohan Desai, Christopher Messner, Sergey Gnilopyat, Mark Sonbol, Abdullah Aljudaibi, Ai Tarui, Juwan Ives, Nisarg Shah, Ishan Vaish, Diljon Chahal, Brian Barr, Manu Mysore
BackgroundAdvances in cancer therapies and improvement in survival of cancer patients have led to a growing number of patients with both cancer and severe aortic stenosis (AS). Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment option for this patient population. There are established racial disparities in utilization and outcomes of both cancer treatments and TAVR. However, the effect of race on TAVR outcomes in cancer patients has not been studied.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate racial disparities in outcomes of TAVR in cancer patients.Methods343 patients with cancer who underwent TAVR at a single center over a 6-year period were included in the study. The primary endpoint was a composite of 1-year mortality, stroke, and bleeding. Secondary outcomes included individual components of the primary endpoint as well as 30-day mortality, structural complications, vascular access complications, and conduction system complications. Outcomes were compared between black and white patients by comparing incidence rates.ResultsBaseline characteristics including age, sex, BMI, medical comorbidities, STS score, and echocardiographic parameters were similar between races, aside from significantly higher rates of CKD (50.0% vs. 26.6%, p = 0.005) and ESRD (18.4% vs. 4.9%, p = 0.005) in black compared to white cancer patients. There was a trend toward worse outcomes in black cancer patients with regard to a composite endpoint of 1-year mortality, stroke, and major bleeding (35.7% vs. 22.6%, p = 0.095), primarily driven by higher 1-year mortality (31.0% vs. 17.6%, p = 0.065). 30-day mortality was twice as high in black cancer patients than in white cancer patients (4.8% vs. 2.3%, p = 0.018).ConclusionsThere is a trend toward worse TAVR outcomes in black cancer patients, with higher periprocedural complication rates and mortality, compared to white cancer patients. Further studies are needed to elucidate the structural, socioeconomic, and biological factors that contribute to racial differences in outcomes.
{"title":"Racial disparities in TAVR outcomes in patients with cancer","authors":"Ethan D. Kotloff, Yash Desai, Rohan Desai, Christopher Messner, Sergey Gnilopyat, Mark Sonbol, Abdullah Aljudaibi, Ai Tarui, Juwan Ives, Nisarg Shah, Ishan Vaish, Diljon Chahal, Brian Barr, Manu Mysore","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1416092","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1416092","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundAdvances in cancer therapies and improvement in survival of cancer patients have led to a growing number of patients with both cancer and severe aortic stenosis (AS). Transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR) has been shown to be a safe and effective treatment option for this patient population. There are established racial disparities in utilization and outcomes of both cancer treatments and TAVR. However, the effect of race on TAVR outcomes in cancer patients has not been studied.ObjectivesThe purpose of this study was to investigate racial disparities in outcomes of TAVR in cancer patients.Methods343 patients with cancer who underwent TAVR at a single center over a 6-year period were included in the study. The primary endpoint was a composite of 1-year mortality, stroke, and bleeding. Secondary outcomes included individual components of the primary endpoint as well as 30-day mortality, structural complications, vascular access complications, and conduction system complications. Outcomes were compared between black and white patients by comparing incidence rates.ResultsBaseline characteristics including age, sex, BMI, medical comorbidities, STS score, and echocardiographic parameters were similar between races, aside from significantly higher rates of CKD (50.0% vs. 26.6%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.005) and ESRD (18.4% vs. 4.9%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.005) in black compared to white cancer patients. There was a trend toward worse outcomes in black cancer patients with regard to a composite endpoint of 1-year mortality, stroke, and major bleeding (35.7% vs. 22.6%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.095), primarily driven by higher 1-year mortality (31.0% vs. 17.6%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.065). 30-day mortality was twice as high in black cancer patients than in white cancer patients (4.8% vs. 2.3%, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.018).ConclusionsThere is a trend toward worse TAVR outcomes in black cancer patients, with higher periprocedural complication rates and mortality, compared to white cancer patients. Further studies are needed to elucidate the structural, socioeconomic, and biological factors that contribute to racial differences in outcomes.","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221731","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1388337
Jingjin Hou, Li Ren, Qingbin Hou, Xiaodong Jia, Zhu Mei, Jiaxin Xu, Zheming Yang, Yiming Li, Chenghui Yan
BackgroundThe effectiveness and safety of a novel class of hypoglycemic medications known as sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have not been completely established in relation to acute heart failure (AHF). Consequently, we sought to compare the prognostic and safety outcomes of patients administered SGLT2 inhibitors for the treatment of AHF.MethodsAn extensive search of the Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE was conducted for randomized controlled trials and observational studies that have evaluated the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in AHF from the inception of these drugs to the present. We compiled data related to cardiovascular safety and prognosis. Aggregated risk ratios (RR), mean differences (MD), or standardized mean differences (SMD) were generated for all outcomes, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), to evaluate the predictive significance of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with AHF.ResultsWe identified 4,053 patients from 13 studies. Patients experienced a substantial reduction in all-cause mortality (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70–0.96, P = 0.01), readmission rates (RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74–0.98, P = 0.02), the number of heart failure exacerbation events (RR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50–0.95, P = 0.02), and the number of rehospitalization events due to heart failure (RR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.58–0.86, P < 0.05) in the SGLT2 inhibitors-treatment group compared to a placebo or standard care (control group). SGLT2 inhibitors improved patient quality of life (SMD = −0.24, 95% CI: −0.40 to −0.09, P = 0.002). SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with enhanced diuresis in patients with AHF (MD = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.36–4.29, P < 0.05). Overall, treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduced the level of serum NT-proBNP (MD = −497.62, 95% CI: −762.02 to −233.21, P < 0.05) and did not increase the incidence of adverse events (RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.82–1.01, P = 0.06).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggests that treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors is associated with a better prognosis in patients with AHF than in patients not treated with SGLT2 inhibitors. It is safe and effective to initiate SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with AHF.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.9.0015, identifier (INPLASY202490015).
{"title":"Efficacy and safety of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors in patients with acute heart failure: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Jingjin Hou, Li Ren, Qingbin Hou, Xiaodong Jia, Zhu Mei, Jiaxin Xu, Zheming Yang, Yiming Li, Chenghui Yan","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1388337","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1388337","url":null,"abstract":"BackgroundThe effectiveness and safety of a novel class of hypoglycemic medications known as sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors have not been completely established in relation to acute heart failure (AHF). Consequently, we sought to compare the prognostic and safety outcomes of patients administered SGLT2 inhibitors for the treatment of AHF.MethodsAn extensive search of the Web of Science, PubMed, and EMBASE was conducted for randomized controlled trials and observational studies that have evaluated the use of SGLT2 inhibitors in AHF from the inception of these drugs to the present. We compiled data related to cardiovascular safety and prognosis. Aggregated risk ratios (RR), mean differences (MD), or standardized mean differences (SMD) were generated for all outcomes, with 95% confidence intervals (CIs), to evaluate the predictive significance of SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with AHF.ResultsWe identified 4,053 patients from 13 studies. Patients experienced a substantial reduction in all-cause mortality (RR = 0.82, 95% CI: 0.70–0.96, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.01), readmission rates (RR = 0.85, 95% CI: 0.74–0.98, <jats:italic>P </jats:italic>= 0.02), the number of heart failure exacerbation events (RR = 0.69, 95% CI: 0.50–0.95, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.02), and the number of rehospitalization events due to heart failure (RR = 0.71, 95% CI: 0.58–0.86, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) in the SGLT2 inhibitors-treatment group compared to a placebo or standard care (control group). SGLT2 inhibitors improved patient quality of life (SMD = −0.24, 95% CI: −0.40 to −0.09, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.002). SGLT2 inhibitors were associated with enhanced diuresis in patients with AHF (MD = 2.83, 95% CI: 1.36–4.29, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05). Overall, treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors significantly reduced the level of serum NT-proBNP (MD = −497.62, 95% CI: −762.02 to −233.21, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> &lt; 0.05) and did not increase the incidence of adverse events (RR = 0.91, 95% CI: 0.82–1.01, <jats:italic>P</jats:italic> = 0.06).ConclusionsThis meta-analysis suggests that treatment with SGLT2 inhibitors is associated with a better prognosis in patients with AHF than in patients not treated with SGLT2 inhibitors. It is safe and effective to initiate SGLT2 inhibitors in patients with AHF.Systematic Review Registration<jats:uri>https://www.doi.org/10.37766/inplasy2024.9.0015</jats:uri>, identifier (INPLASY202490015).","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1453297
Raveena Kelkar, Nishad A. Barve, Rohan Kelkar, Sanjeev Kharel, Shalmi Khanapurkar, Rukesh Yadav
IntroductionGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) have been extensively used to treat obesity in recent years. These novel drugs are effective at reducing body weight and also the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, the data of its efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events in individuals without type 2 diabetes is not as robust. We aim to update and conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the same.MethodsThe study was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guideline. Researchers searched PubMed, EMBASE, and Clinicaltrails.gov for English literature from inception to 2024. Randomized Controlled trails enrolling adult participants (age ≥ 18 years) who are overweight or obese (BMI > 25 Kg/m2) with a comparison of all cardiovascular events between patients taking GLP1-RA and placebo were included. The analysis was done by Revman version 5.4.ResultsA total of 17 RCTs among 34,419 participants were included in the analysis. The pooled risk ratio from 17 studies illustrated that patients with GLP-1 RA had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular events compared to patients who had a placebo (RR = 0.75; 95% confidence interval 0.64–0.89, p-value = 0.0008). Semaglutide was found to have a statistically significant greatest risk reduction than other drug types.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis found that GLP-1 RA significantly reduced all types of cardiovascular events in overweight and obese patients without diabetes. Semaglutide was found to be superior to others in CV event reductions. But still, the results of ongoing trials are needed.Systematic Review Registrationhttps://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=553048, PROSPERO (CRD42024553048).
{"title":"Comparison of glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists vs. placebo on any cardiovascular events in overweight or obese non-diabetic patients: a systematic review and meta-analysis","authors":"Raveena Kelkar, Nishad A. Barve, Rohan Kelkar, Sanjeev Kharel, Shalmi Khanapurkar, Rukesh Yadav","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1453297","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1453297","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionGlucagon-like peptide 1 receptor agonists (GLP-1 RA) have been extensively used to treat obesity in recent years. These novel drugs are effective at reducing body weight and also the risk of major adverse cardiovascular events in individuals with type 2 diabetes. However, the data of its efficacy in reducing cardiovascular events in individuals without type 2 diabetes is not as robust. We aim to update and conduct a systematic review and meta-analysis to assess the same.MethodsThe study was conducted according to the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) guideline. Researchers searched PubMed, EMBASE, and <jats:ext-link>Clinicaltrails.gov</jats:ext-link> for English literature from inception to 2024. Randomized Controlled trails enrolling adult participants (age ≥ 18 years) who are overweight or obese (BMI &gt; 25 Kg/m<jats:sup>2</jats:sup>) with a comparison of all cardiovascular events between patients taking GLP1-RA and placebo were included. The analysis was done by Revman version 5.4.ResultsA total of 17 RCTs among 34,419 participants were included in the analysis. The pooled risk ratio from 17 studies illustrated that patients with GLP-1 RA had a significantly lower risk of cardiovascular events compared to patients who had a placebo (RR = 0.75; 95% confidence interval 0.64–0.89, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic>-value = 0.0008). Semaglutide was found to have a statistically significant greatest risk reduction than other drug types.ConclusionsThis meta-analysis found that GLP-1 RA significantly reduced all types of cardiovascular events in overweight and obese patients without diabetes. Semaglutide was found to be superior to others in CV event reductions. But still, the results of ongoing trials are needed.Systematic Review Registration<jats:uri>https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?RecordID=553048</jats:uri>, PROSPERO (CRD42024553048).","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221736","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1416698
Islam Gellani, Chunqi Qian, Shuangtao Ma
The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channel has emerged as significant regulators of cardiovascular physiology and pathology. TRPA1 is a non-selective cation channel permeable to calcium ions. A unique feature of the channel is its function as a sensor of various temperature, chemical and mechanical stimuli, while it can also be activated by endogenous inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species. Over the last two decades, much progress has been made in illuminating the role of TRPA1 in the regulation of cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology in addition to its important function in pain sensation. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent studies investigating the involvement of TRPA1 channels in various cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial fibrosis, and response to environmental toxins. We discuss the diverse roles of TRPA1 channels in cardiac pathology and highlight their potential as therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disorders. Moreover, we explore the challenges and opportunities linked with targeting TRPA1 channels for treating cardiovascular diseases, alongside future research directions.
{"title":"Unveiling the role of TRPA1 in cardiovascular health and disease: a mini review","authors":"Islam Gellani, Chunqi Qian, Shuangtao Ma","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1416698","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1416698","url":null,"abstract":"The transient receptor potential ankyrin 1 (TRPA1) ion channel has emerged as significant regulators of cardiovascular physiology and pathology. TRPA1 is a non-selective cation channel permeable to calcium ions. A unique feature of the channel is its function as a sensor of various temperature, chemical and mechanical stimuli, while it can also be activated by endogenous inflammatory mediators and reactive oxygen species. Over the last two decades, much progress has been made in illuminating the role of TRPA1 in the regulation of cardiovascular physiology and pathophysiology in addition to its important function in pain sensation. This review provides a comprehensive analysis of recent studies investigating the involvement of TRPA1 channels in various cardiovascular diseases, including myocardial infarction, ischemia-reperfusion injury, myocardial fibrosis, and response to environmental toxins. We discuss the diverse roles of TRPA1 channels in cardiac pathology and highlight their potential as therapeutic targets for cardiovascular disorders. Moreover, we explore the challenges and opportunities linked with targeting TRPA1 channels for treating cardiovascular diseases, alongside future research directions.","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221734","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate serum levels of galectin-3 (Gal-3) and N-terminal pro-brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with stable obstructive coronary artery disease, as well as their potential to predict clinical outcomes.MethodsThis was a single-center cross-sectional cohort study. 168 patients were divided into three groups: percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) group (N 64), coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) group (N 57), and group with no coronary stenosis (N 47). Gal-3 and NT-proBNP levels were measured and the Syntax score (Ss) was calculated.ResultsThe mean value of Gal-3 was 19.98 ng/ml and 9.51 ng/ml (p < 0.001) in the study group and control group, respectively. Highest value of Gal-3 was found in the group of subjects with three-vessel disease (p < 0.001). The mean value of NT-proBNP in the study group was 401.3 pg/ml, and in the control group 100.3 pg/ml (p = 0.159). The highest value of NT-proBNP was found in the group of subjects with three-vessel disease (p = 0.021). There was a statistically significant association between Gal-3, NT-proBNP and occurrence of adverse cardiovascular event (p = 0.0018; p = 0.0019).ConclusionGal-3 and NT-proBNP could be used as an additional tool for diagnosis and severity assessment of stable obstructive coronary artery disease. Furthermore, it could help identify high-risk patients who could experience major adverse cardiovascular events.
{"title":"Heart failure biomarkers in revascularized patients with stable coronary heart disease as clinical outcome predictors","authors":"Ivica Bošnjak, Dražen Bedeković, Kristina Selthofer-Relatić, Hrvoje Roguljić, Ivica Mihaljević, Darko Dukić, Ines Bilić-Ćurčić","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1458120","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1458120","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionThe aim of this study was to investigate serum levels of galectin-3 (Gal-3) and N-terminal pro-brain Natriuretic Peptide (NT-proBNP) in patients with stable obstructive coronary artery disease, as well as their potential to predict clinical outcomes.MethodsThis was a single-center cross-sectional cohort study. 168 patients were divided into three groups: percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) group (N 64), coronary artery bypass graft surgery (CABG) group (N 57), and group with no coronary stenosis (N 47). Gal-3 and NT-proBNP levels were measured and the Syntax score (Ss) was calculated.ResultsThe mean value of Gal-3 was 19.98 ng/ml and 9.51 ng/ml (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001) in the study group and control group, respectively. Highest value of Gal-3 was found in the group of subjects with three-vessel disease (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). The mean value of NT-proBNP in the study group was 401.3 pg/ml, and in the control group 100.3 pg/ml (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.159). The highest value of NT-proBNP was found in the group of subjects with three-vessel disease (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.021). There was a statistically significant association between Gal-3, NT-proBNP and occurrence of adverse cardiovascular event (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.0018; <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.0019).ConclusionGal-3 and NT-proBNP could be used as an additional tool for diagnosis and severity assessment of stable obstructive coronary artery disease. Furthermore, it could help identify high-risk patients who could experience major adverse cardiovascular events.","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221732","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-11DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1436059
Min Xia, Tianyu Wang, Yizhu Wang, Tingting Hu, Defang Chen, Bin Wang
Despite the increasing number of anti-hypertensive drugs have been developed and used in the clinical setting, persistent deficiencies persist, including issues such as lifelong dosage, combination therapy. Notwithstanding receiving the treatment under enduring these deficiencies, approximately 4 in 5 patients still fail to achieve reliable blood pressure (BP) control. The application of neuromodulation in the context of hypertension presents a pioneering strategy for addressing this condition, con-currently implying a potential central nervous mechanism underlying hypertension onset. We hypothesize that neurological networks, an essential component of maintaining appropriate neurological function, are involved in hypertension. Drawing on both peer-reviewed research and our laboratory investigations, we endeavor to investigate the underlying neural mechanisms involved in hypertension by identifying a close relationship between its onset of hypertension and an excitation and inhibition (E/I) imbalance. In addition to the involvement of excitatory glutamatergic and GABAergic inhibitory system, the pathogenesis of hypertension is also associated with Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs, Nav)-mediated E/I balance. The overloading of glutamate or enhancement of glutamate receptors may be attributed to the E/I imbalance, ultimately triggering hypertension. GABA loss and GABA receptor dysfunction have also proven to be involved. Furthermore, we have identified that abnormalities in sodium channel expression and function alter neural excitability, thereby disturbing E/I balance and potentially serving as a mechanism underlying hypertension. These insights are expected to furnish potential strategies for the advancement of innovative anti-hypertensive therapies and a meaningful reference for the exploration of central nervous system (CNS) targets of anti-hypertensives.
{"title":"A neural perspective on the treatment of hypertension: the neurological network excitation and inhibition (E/I) imbalance in hypertension","authors":"Min Xia, Tianyu Wang, Yizhu Wang, Tingting Hu, Defang Chen, Bin Wang","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1436059","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1436059","url":null,"abstract":"Despite the increasing number of anti-hypertensive drugs have been developed and used in the clinical setting, persistent deficiencies persist, including issues such as lifelong dosage, combination therapy. Notwithstanding receiving the treatment under enduring these deficiencies, approximately 4 in 5 patients still fail to achieve reliable blood pressure (BP) control. The application of neuromodulation in the context of hypertension presents a pioneering strategy for addressing this condition, con-currently implying a potential central nervous mechanism underlying hypertension onset. We hypothesize that neurological networks, an essential component of maintaining appropriate neurological function, are involved in hypertension. Drawing on both peer-reviewed research and our laboratory investigations, we endeavor to investigate the underlying neural mechanisms involved in hypertension by identifying a close relationship between its onset of hypertension and an excitation and inhibition (E/I) imbalance. In addition to the involvement of excitatory glutamatergic and GABAergic inhibitory system, the pathogenesis of hypertension is also associated with Voltage-gated sodium channels (VGSCs, Nav)-mediated E/I balance. The overloading of glutamate or enhancement of glutamate receptors may be attributed to the E/I imbalance, ultimately triggering hypertension. GABA loss and GABA receptor dysfunction have also proven to be involved. Furthermore, we have identified that abnormalities in sodium channel expression and function alter neural excitability, thereby disturbing E/I balance and potentially serving as a mechanism underlying hypertension. These insights are expected to furnish potential strategies for the advancement of innovative anti-hypertensive therapies and a meaningful reference for the exploration of central nervous system (CNS) targets of anti-hypertensives.","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221735","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative computed tomography in assessing mitral annulus anatomy and the posterior annular plication rate in mitral valve repair with annuloplasty.MethodsFrom July 2018 to August 2023, we performed robotic mitral valve repair with ring annuloplasty using a semi-rigid ring in 100 patients. Preoperative anatomical assessment of the mitral annulus was conducted by three-dimensional computed tomography. The ring size was selected based on the perioperative commissure-to-commissure length or the anterior leaflet area.ResultsThe mean commissure-to-commissure length, posterior mitral annular length, and minimum distance between the left circumflex artery and mitral annulus values were 31, 109, and 3.8 mm, respectively. No postoperative left circumflex artery injury or ring detachment was recorded. The mean plication rate (length of the posterior side of the prosthetic ring/posterior annular length) was 0.68, and it did not differ among each prosthetic ring size. The posterior plication rate (duplicate ring size 19.4) was a factor influencing the postoperative transmitral mean pressure gradient of 5 mmHg or higher. Freedom from moderate or severe mitral regurgitation was not different between the two groups above and below the posterior plication rate × ring size of 19.4 (p = 0.73), with an event-free rate of 97% vs. 96% in 3 years, respectively.ConclusionsPreoperative evaluation of the mitral annular anatomy is useful for safe mitral valve repair with ring annuloplasty. Determining ring size by focusing on the posterior annular plication rate may be a new method for ring size selection.
{"title":"Three-dimensional computed tomography analysis of the mitral annulus for mitral annuloplasty in 100 cases of robotic mitral valve repair","authors":"Yosuke Takahashi, Akimasa Morisaki, Yoshito Sakon, Kenta Nishiya, Goki Inno, Takumi Kawase, Yukihiro Nishimoto, Munehide Nagao, Noriaki Kishimoto, Kazuki Noda, Toshihiko Shibata","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1369801","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1369801","url":null,"abstract":"ObjectivesThis study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of preoperative computed tomography in assessing mitral annulus anatomy and the posterior annular plication rate in mitral valve repair with annuloplasty.MethodsFrom July 2018 to August 2023, we performed robotic mitral valve repair with ring annuloplasty using a semi-rigid ring in 100 patients. Preoperative anatomical assessment of the mitral annulus was conducted by three-dimensional computed tomography. The ring size was selected based on the perioperative commissure-to-commissure length or the anterior leaflet area.ResultsThe mean commissure-to-commissure length, posterior mitral annular length, and minimum distance between the left circumflex artery and mitral annulus values were 31, 109, and 3.8 mm, respectively. No postoperative left circumflex artery injury or ring detachment was recorded. The mean plication rate (length of the posterior side of the prosthetic ring/posterior annular length) was 0.68, and it did not differ among each prosthetic ring size. The posterior plication rate (duplicate ring size 19.4) was a factor influencing the postoperative transmitral mean pressure gradient of 5 mmHg or higher. Freedom from moderate or severe mitral regurgitation was not different between the two groups above and below the posterior plication rate × ring size of 19.4 (<jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.73), with an event-free rate of 97% vs. 96% in 3 years, respectively.ConclusionsPreoperative evaluation of the mitral annular anatomy is useful for safe mitral valve repair with ring annuloplasty. Determining ring size by focusing on the posterior annular plication rate may be a new method for ring size selection.","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-09-10DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2024.1393631
Abhishek Khemka, Suparna C. Clasen, Patrick J. Loehrer, Anna R. Roberts, Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo, Sunil S. Badve, Subha V. Raman, Siu L. Hui, Titus K. L. Schleyer
IntroductionCancer patients may have increased risk for adverse cardiac events, but our understanding of cardiovascular risk in thymic cancer patients is not clear. We sought to characterize baseline cardiometabolic risk factors before thymic cancer diagnosis and the potential association between cancer treatment and subsequent cardiac events.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study evaluating patients with thymic cancer from 2003 to 2020 compared to age- and sex-matched controls without cancer. Baseline cardiovascular risk factors, cancer characteristics, and incidence of cardiac events were collected from the health information exchange. Multivariable regression was used to examine the impact of cardiovascular risk factors and cancer therapies.ResultsWe compared 296 patients with pathology-confirmed thymic cancer to 2,960 noncancer controls. Prior to cancer diagnosis, thymic cancer patients (TCPs) had lower prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus and similar rates of obesity, tobacco use, and pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to controls. After diagnosis, high-risk TCPs (>2 cardiovascular risk factors or pre-existing CVD) had higher risk for cardiac events (HR 3.73, 95% CI 2.88–4.83, p < 0.001). In the first 3 years after diagnosis, TCPs had higher incidence of cardiac events (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.01–1.87, p = 0.042). High-risk TCPs who received radiotherapy or chemotherapy had higher risk of cardiac events (HR 4.99, 95% CI 2.30–10.81, p < 0.001; HR 6.24, 95% CI 2.84–13.72, p < 0.001).Discussion/conclusionCompared to noncancer controls, TCPs experienced more cardiac events when adjusted for risk factors. Patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors receiving radiotherapy or chemotherapy had higher incidence of cardiac events.
导言癌症患者发生不良心脏事件的风险可能会增加，但我们对胸腺癌患者的心血管风险尚不清楚。我们试图描述胸腺癌诊断前的基线心血管代谢风险因素以及癌症治疗与后续心脏事件之间的潜在关联。方法这是一项回顾性队列研究，评估了 2003 年至 2020 年期间胸腺癌患者与年龄和性别匹配的非癌症对照组的对比情况。基线心血管风险因素、癌症特征和心脏事件发生率均通过健康信息交换系统收集。结果我们将296名病理确诊的胸腺癌患者与2960名非癌症对照者进行了比较。与对照组相比，胸腺癌患者（TCPs）在癌症确诊前的高血压、血脂异常和糖尿病患病率较低，肥胖、吸烟和原有心血管疾病（CVD）患病率相似。确诊后，高风险 TCPs（>2 个心血管风险因素或原有心血管疾病）发生心脏事件的风险更高（HR 3.73，95% CI 2.88-4.83，p< 0.001）。在确诊后的头 3 年，TCPs 的心脏事件发生率更高（HR 1.38，95% CI 1.01-1.87，p = 0.042）。接受放疗或化疗的高危 TCP 患者发生心脏事件的风险更高（HR 4.99，95% CI 2.30-10.81，pamp;lt; 0.001；HR 6.24，95% CI 2.84-13.72，pamp;lt; 0.001）。有多种心血管风险因素的患者在接受放疗或化疗时发生心脏事件的几率更高。
{"title":"Cardiovascular disease in thymic cancer patients","authors":"Abhishek Khemka, Suparna C. Clasen, Patrick J. Loehrer, Anna R. Roberts, Lilian Golzarri-Arroyo, Sunil S. Badve, Subha V. Raman, Siu L. Hui, Titus K. L. Schleyer","doi":"10.3389/fcvm.2024.1393631","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3389/fcvm.2024.1393631","url":null,"abstract":"IntroductionCancer patients may have increased risk for adverse cardiac events, but our understanding of cardiovascular risk in thymic cancer patients is not clear. We sought to characterize baseline cardiometabolic risk factors before thymic cancer diagnosis and the potential association between cancer treatment and subsequent cardiac events.MethodsThis was a retrospective cohort study evaluating patients with thymic cancer from 2003 to 2020 compared to age- and sex-matched controls without cancer. Baseline cardiovascular risk factors, cancer characteristics, and incidence of cardiac events were collected from the health information exchange. Multivariable regression was used to examine the impact of cardiovascular risk factors and cancer therapies.ResultsWe compared 296 patients with pathology-confirmed thymic cancer to 2,960 noncancer controls. Prior to cancer diagnosis, thymic cancer patients (TCPs) had lower prevalence of hypertension, dyslipidemia, and diabetes mellitus and similar rates of obesity, tobacco use, and pre-existing cardiovascular disease (CVD) compared to controls. After diagnosis, high-risk TCPs (&gt;2 cardiovascular risk factors or pre-existing CVD) had higher risk for cardiac events (HR 3.73, 95% CI 2.88–4.83, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001). In the first 3 years after diagnosis, TCPs had higher incidence of cardiac events (HR 1.38, 95% CI 1.01–1.87, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> = 0.042). High-risk TCPs who received radiotherapy or chemotherapy had higher risk of cardiac events (HR 4.99, 95% CI 2.30–10.81, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001; HR 6.24, 95% CI 2.84–13.72, <jats:italic>p</jats:italic> &lt; 0.001).Discussion/conclusionCompared to noncancer controls, TCPs experienced more cardiac events when adjusted for risk factors. Patients with multiple cardiovascular risk factors receiving radiotherapy or chemotherapy had higher incidence of cardiac events.","PeriodicalId":12414,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.6,"publicationDate":"2024-09-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142221756","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：