Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.20535/2707-2096.6.2021.241915
S. Stovpnyk, T. Kosenko
Purpose. The paper considers the issues of ensuring the stability of internal dumps consisting of soft rocks. This issue is relevant because the stability of quarry boards and dumps affects the safety of work in quarries. Methodology. When assessing the stability of slopes, the method of determining the minimum coefficient of stability, equal to the ratio of restraining forces to shear forces that arise in the slope array. Findings. The calculation and assessment of the stability of the slopes of the dumps are carried out on the example of Malyshevsky rutile-zircon-ilmenite deposit. The geological structure of the deposit overburden is represented by loess-like loams, red-brown clays, gray-green clays, fine-grained sands. To ensure the stability of internal dumps, the selective formation of dumps is proposed, which is presented in this paper in two ways. In the first variant, the dumping of Sarmatian gray-green clays into the lower part of the heap, which are weakly permeable and have low strength, is considered. In the second variant, a layer of Sarmatian sands is poured into the base of the dump. According to the normative value of the coefficient of stability margin, depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks that make up the array, the optimal height and slope angle of the dump are determined. When assessing the stability of the slopes of the dump, the impact of groundwater and the possibility of location in the developed space of the tailings were also taken into account. Originality and Practical implications. Studies have shown that the most rational option is the formation of internal heaps with embedding in the base of the lower tier of the heap with a height of 40 m layer of Sarmatian sands; in the case of embedding in the lower part of the inner heaps of gray-green clays, it is advisable to form the lower tier of the heap with 2 sub-tiers up to 20 m high; the upper tier of the dump is recommended to be formed by one massif 26 m high. Besides, in the produced space of the quarry, the location of the tailings is possible in case of dumping Sarmatian sands into the base of the dump.
{"title":"ENSURING THE STABILITY OF INTERNAL DUMPS ACCORDING TO THE RESULTS OF PHYSICAL AND MECHANICAL PARAMETERS OF SOILS","authors":"S. Stovpnyk, T. Kosenko","doi":"10.20535/2707-2096.6.2021.241915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.6.2021.241915","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The paper considers the issues of ensuring the stability of internal dumps consisting of soft rocks. This issue is relevant because the stability of quarry boards and dumps affects the safety of work in quarries. Methodology. When assessing the stability of slopes, the method of determining the minimum coefficient of stability, equal to the ratio of restraining forces to shear forces that arise in the slope array. \u0000Findings. The calculation and assessment of the stability of the slopes of the dumps are carried out on the example of Malyshevsky rutile-zircon-ilmenite deposit. The geological structure of the deposit overburden is represented by loess-like loams, red-brown clays, gray-green clays, fine-grained sands. To ensure the stability of internal dumps, the selective formation of dumps is proposed, which is presented in this paper in two ways. In the first variant, the dumping of Sarmatian gray-green clays into the lower part of the heap, which are weakly permeable and have low strength, is considered. In the second variant, a layer of Sarmatian sands is poured into the base of the dump. According to the normative value of the coefficient of stability margin, depending on the physical and mechanical properties of the rocks that make up the array, the optimal height and slope angle of the dump are determined. When assessing the stability of the slopes of the dump, the impact of groundwater and the possibility of location in the developed space of the tailings were also taken into account. \u0000Originality and Practical implications. Studies have shown that the most rational option is the formation of internal heaps with embedding in the base of the lower tier of the heap with a height of 40 m layer of Sarmatian sands; in the case of embedding in the lower part of the inner heaps of gray-green clays, it is advisable to form the lower tier of the heap with 2 sub-tiers up to 20 m high; the upper tier of the dump is recommended to be formed by one massif 26 m high. Besides, in the produced space of the quarry, the location of the tailings is possible in case of dumping Sarmatian sands into the base of the dump.","PeriodicalId":12474,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","volume":"31 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"89259945","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.20535/2707-2096.6.2021.241939
A. Kryuchkov, A. Bakhtyn
Purpose. The purpose of this study is to establish analytical patterns for predicting changes in stress and energy density spent on the destruction of rocks according to experimental studies. To solve this purpose in the article were set the following scientific problems: 1) analytical description of the dependence of the stress σij on the main deformation εij; 2) establishment of calculation parameters that are included in the analytical patterns; 3) analytical description and study of fracture energy density curves. Methodology. In the course of analytical and experimental researches of full diagrams of deformation of rocks the mathematical model of dependence of the stress on the deformation is developed. Physico-mechanical processes of all characteristic sections of the complete deformation diagram were also analyzed and described. Analysis of the resulting curve showed that the rock mass and elements of the lithosphere are not perfectly elastic or plastic objects. Along with the elastic ones, plastic ones are always present to one degree or another. The integration of the obtained analytical expression σ11 = f(ε11) allowed to establish the volumetric energy density spent on the destruction of the rock sample under the action of external load. The maximum activation energy for the considered rock is 0.67 MJ/m3. A comparison of the experimental and calculated values of the energy dependence u(ε1) shows a coincidence over almost the entire range of deformation changes (ε11 = 0..0.04). Findings. The study of rock samples at hard stress allowed to obtain a complete deformation characteristics of the rock. The curve that surrounds the deformation cycles (1) combines pre-boundary, boundary, extremal modes of deformation and destruction of rocks. Equation (4) allows us to establish that the destruction can occur at different values of energy density U(ε). Originality. An analytical description of the energy diagram of deformation and a complete diagram of stress change in the form of a single dependence, which takes into account the boundary and extremal areas, was developed in the work. In contrast to the method of piecewise linear approximation, this approach corresponds to the physics of the process and reduces errors in calculations. Practical implications. Theoretical and experimental analysis of the obtained energy fracture diagrams and complete stress change diagrams in rocks allows to estimate the bearing capacity of a rock mass or other solid body. This allows you to predict critical values of stresses and external loads to prevent failure in a timely manner.
{"title":"CHANGE OF ENERGY CHARACTERISTICS OF LITHOSPHERE ELEMENTS DURING THEIR DEFORMATION","authors":"A. Kryuchkov, A. Bakhtyn","doi":"10.20535/2707-2096.6.2021.241939","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.6.2021.241939","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose of this study is to establish analytical patterns for predicting changes in stress and energy density spent on the destruction of rocks according to experimental studies. To solve this purpose in the article were set the following scientific problems: 1) analytical description of the dependence of the stress σij on the main deformation εij; 2) establishment of calculation parameters that are included in the analytical patterns; 3) analytical description and study of fracture energy density curves. \u0000Methodology. In the course of analytical and experimental researches of full diagrams of deformation of rocks the mathematical model of dependence of the stress on the deformation is developed. Physico-mechanical processes of all characteristic sections of the complete deformation diagram were also analyzed and described. Analysis of the resulting curve showed that the rock mass and elements of the lithosphere are not perfectly elastic or plastic objects. Along with the elastic ones, plastic ones are always present to one degree or another. \u0000The integration of the obtained analytical expression σ11 = f(ε11) allowed to establish the volumetric energy density spent on the destruction of the rock sample under the action of external load. The maximum activation energy for the considered rock is 0.67 MJ/m3. A comparison of the experimental and calculated values of the energy dependence u(ε1) shows a coincidence over almost the entire range of deformation changes (ε11 = 0..0.04). \u0000Findings. The study of rock samples at hard stress allowed to obtain a complete deformation characteristics of the rock. The curve that surrounds the deformation cycles (1) combines pre-boundary, boundary, extremal modes of deformation and destruction of rocks. Equation (4) allows us to establish that the destruction can occur at different values of energy density U(ε). \u0000Originality. An analytical description of the energy diagram of deformation and a complete diagram of stress change in the form of a single dependence, which takes into account the boundary and extremal areas, was developed in the work. In contrast to the method of piecewise linear approximation, this approach corresponds to the physics of the process and reduces errors in calculations. \u0000Practical implications. Theoretical and experimental analysis of the obtained energy fracture diagrams and complete stress change diagrams in rocks allows to estimate the bearing capacity of a rock mass or other solid body. This allows you to predict critical values of stresses and external loads to prevent failure in a timely manner.","PeriodicalId":12474,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","volume":"11 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78820148","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-11-30DOI: 10.20535/2707-2096.6.2021.241924
V. Kravets, А. Shukurov, А. Marchuk, B. Sagalo
The purpose of the work is to study the sequence of formation of the fracture zone in the area of the array above the ends of the system of adjacent charges in connection with the technological parameters of their mutual location. The task of works is the analytically substantiate the dependence of the value of the undamaged area of the array at the level of the bottomhole on the parameters of the system of downhole charges, taking into account the phenomenon of the edge effect. Research results. Data on the dimentions of the part of the massif in the lborewhole that does not participate in the mass deformation motion of the rock during the formation of adjacent downhole funnels are obtained. It is assumed that this area between adjacent charges is the source of the oversized fraction. Originality. The process of formation of the destroyed zone in space above the end of the boreholeis considered step by step: generation of the shock wave front, the symmetry of which is close to spherical, formation of the loosenning funnel system in the second stage, which does not adjacent charges of the total front of the stress wave from the explosion of downhole charges detonated from their bottom. Behind him moves the deformation front of a complex structure. It is assumed that this front in the system of two adjacent charges acquires a shape similar to a vertical wedge inverted by the base towards the free surface. The expected result of such a step-by-step deformation process is the desired degree of crushing of the rock mass at the level of the tamping. Conclusions and practical implications. Theoretically and calculatedly obtained and recommended rational parameters of the location of the system of well charges of limited length to reduce the size of the non-destructive region of the rock mass at the level of the tamping, which improves the design of mass explosions in mountain slopes.
{"title":"FORMATION OF CRUSHING ZONE AT THE LEVEL OF TAMPING IN THE CONDITIONS OF MASS EXPLOSIONS","authors":"V. Kravets, А. Shukurov, А. Marchuk, B. Sagalo","doi":"10.20535/2707-2096.6.2021.241924","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.6.2021.241924","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of the work is to study the sequence of formation of the fracture zone in the area of the array above the ends of the system of adjacent charges in connection with the technological parameters of their mutual location. The task of works is the analytically substantiate the dependence of the value of the undamaged area of the array at the level of the bottomhole on the parameters of the system of downhole charges, taking into account the phenomenon of the edge effect. \u0000Research results. Data on the dimentions of the part of the massif in the lborewhole that does not participate in the mass deformation motion of the rock during the formation of adjacent downhole funnels are obtained. It is assumed that this area between adjacent charges is the source of the oversized fraction. \u0000Originality. The process of formation of the destroyed zone in space above the end of the boreholeis considered step by step: generation of the shock wave front, the symmetry of which is close to spherical, formation of the loosenning funnel system in the second stage, which does not adjacent charges of the total front of the stress wave from the explosion of downhole charges detonated from their bottom. Behind him moves the deformation front of a complex structure. It is assumed that this front in the system of two adjacent charges acquires a shape similar to a vertical wedge inverted by the base towards the free surface. The expected result of such a step-by-step deformation process is the desired degree of crushing of the rock mass at the level of the tamping. \u0000Conclusions and practical implications. Theoretically and calculatedly obtained and recommended rational parameters of the location of the system of well charges of limited length to reduce the size of the non-destructive region of the rock mass at the level of the tamping, which improves the design of mass explosions in mountain slopes.","PeriodicalId":12474,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","volume":"70 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74779684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.20535/2707-2096.5.2021.230702
Y. Polukarov, Olena Zemlyanska, N. Kachynska, L. Mitiuk
Purpose. Substantiate the need for development of new scientific and methodological foundations for forecasting occupational injuries and illnesses. Methodology. Analyze existing methods of occupational injuries and illnesses forecasting, propose a new algorithm for calculation of their levels, set scientific and methodological requirements to information analysis system used for the prevention of occupational illnesses. Findings. Modern methods of forecasting injuries make it possible to assess the effectiveness of preventive measures. However, there is no universal method for analyzing the occupational morbidity due to the different specifics of disease causes and manifestations which do not allow to conduct a realistic assessment of labor protection in a particular area over a given period of time. Therefore, it is the reduction in the level of occupational injuries and illnesses compared to the data obtained by the forecasting method that may be indicative of preventive measures effectiveness. At the same time, development of information analysis system of personal protective equipment continues to be a pressing issue (PPE). Originality. It has been proposed to develop a special mathematical tool for determining loss reduction and information analysis system, which will provide a forecasted estimate of occupational morbidity at an enterprise. To obtain a reliable forecast it is important to identify the average value of cases over a given period of time, which has been considered in this paper. Conclusions and Practical Significance. There are numerous methods available for analysis of occupational injuries and illnesses. Most of them, however, are unfit for the assessment of occupational diseases. Since chronic occupational illnesses have a cumulative nature, the rate of work-related diseases is more predictable than that of injuries and accidents. This makes it possible to determine the “occupational morbidity rate” provided that the time spent by workers in the area of exposure to occupational hazards is recorded together with reference data on the conditional level of exposure to each hazard. Keywords: forecasting, injuries, occupational morbidity, occupational safety activities, hazard, information analysis system.
{"title":"SPECIFICS OF FORECASTING METHODOLOGY INDUSTRIAL INJURIES AND PROFESSIONAL DISEASES","authors":"Y. Polukarov, Olena Zemlyanska, N. Kachynska, L. Mitiuk","doi":"10.20535/2707-2096.5.2021.230702","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.5.2021.230702","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Substantiate the need for development of new scientific and methodological foundations for forecasting occupational injuries and illnesses. \u0000Methodology. Analyze existing methods of occupational injuries and illnesses forecasting, propose a new algorithm for calculation of their levels, set scientific and methodological requirements to information analysis system used for the prevention of occupational illnesses. \u0000Findings. Modern methods of forecasting injuries make it possible to assess the effectiveness of preventive measures. However, there is no universal method for analyzing the occupational morbidity due to the different specifics of disease causes and manifestations which do not allow to conduct a realistic assessment of labor protection in a particular area over a given period of time. Therefore, it is the reduction in the level of occupational injuries and illnesses compared to the data obtained by the forecasting method that may be indicative of preventive measures effectiveness. At the same time, development of information analysis system of personal protective equipment continues to be a pressing issue (PPE). \u0000Originality. It has been proposed to develop a special mathematical tool for determining loss reduction and information analysis system, which will provide a forecasted estimate of occupational morbidity at an enterprise. To obtain a reliable forecast it is important to identify the average value of cases over a given period of time, which has been considered in this paper. \u0000Conclusions and Practical Significance. There are numerous methods available for analysis of occupational injuries and illnesses. Most of them, however, are unfit for the assessment of occupational diseases. Since chronic occupational illnesses have a cumulative nature, the rate of work-related diseases is more predictable than that of injuries and accidents. This makes it possible to determine the “occupational morbidity rate” provided that the time spent by workers in the area of exposure to occupational hazards is recorded together with reference data on the conditional level of exposure to each hazard. \u0000Keywords: forecasting, injuries, occupational morbidity, occupational safety activities, hazard, information analysis system.","PeriodicalId":12474,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","volume":"29 1","pages":"36-42"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80748247","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-17DOI: 10.20535/2707-2096.5.2021.226930
Ya. Krupka, M. KRALYuK, V. Kostenko, O. Zavialova, T. Kostenko
Purpose. The purpose of this article is to study the conditions for achieving high results of operational actions of rescue services and quality management, which will allow timely and correct choice of methods, forces and means of firefighting in coal mines and carry out operational maneuvers depending on the type of fire (exogenous, endogenous). places of origin of combustion centers, its scale, gas situation, number of people captured by the accident and their places of residence, etc. Methodology. During the research, to solve the tasks, the complex used general and special methods, in particular: methods of induction (at the stage of collecting, systematizing and processing information for research) and deduction (in the process of theoretical understanding of the problem), system-analytical , comparative analysis, method of analysis of definitions; economic analysis, possibilities of economic cybernetics and the theory of optimal management in the development of tactics for mining operations, etc. Findings. Economic and mathematical model of rational rescue operations in firefighting differs in that for the first time their management is considered as an economic category, and the process of emergency response and their consequences is presented as an extreme (optimization) problem, which is solved using computational experiments and engineering analysis. An algorithm for solving the extreme problem of optimizing the forces and means of rescue units, based on the fact that the arguments of integral objective functions are not control parameters, but related to the latter determined mathematical model. Methods of calculations in mining, including those used to ensure optimal organization of rescue operations, need to be improved to improve accuracy and simplify their algorithmization in order to reduce the share of manual calculations in mathematical models. Originality. For the first time, on the basis of general methodical provisions of the theory of optimal management integrated quality criteria and on their basis economic and mathematical model of rational conducting of rescue works on liquidation of difficult underground fires are developed. Practical implications. Economic and mathematical model of rational rescue operations will allow timely and correct selection of methods, forces and means of fire fighting in coal mines, minimize economic losses, increase the efficiency and safety of emergency response. Keywords: accident, coal mine, mining works, integrated quality criteria, fire, economic-mathematical model.
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF FORCES AND MEANS OF RESCUE MINING RESCUE","authors":"Ya. Krupka, M. KRALYuK, V. Kostenko, O. Zavialova, T. Kostenko","doi":"10.20535/2707-2096.5.2021.226930","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.5.2021.226930","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose of this article is to study the conditions for achieving high results of operational actions of rescue services and quality management, which will allow timely and correct choice of methods, forces and means of firefighting in coal mines and carry out operational maneuvers depending on the type of fire (exogenous, endogenous). places of origin of combustion centers, its scale, gas situation, number of people captured by the accident and their places of residence, etc.\u0000Methodology. During the research, to solve the tasks, the complex used general and special methods, in particular: methods of induction (at the stage of collecting, systematizing and processing information for research) and deduction (in the process of theoretical understanding of the problem), system-analytical , comparative analysis, method of analysis of definitions; economic analysis, possibilities of economic cybernetics and the theory of optimal management in the development of tactics for mining operations, etc.\u0000Findings. Economic and mathematical model of rational rescue operations in firefighting differs in that for the first time their management is considered as an economic category, and the process of emergency response and their consequences is presented as an extreme (optimization) problem, which is solved using computational experiments and engineering analysis. An algorithm for solving the extreme problem of optimizing the forces and means of rescue units, based on the fact that the arguments of integral objective functions are not control parameters, but related to the latter determined mathematical model. Methods of calculations in mining, including those used to ensure optimal organization of rescue operations, need to be improved to improve accuracy and simplify their algorithmization in order to reduce the share of manual calculations in mathematical models.\u0000Originality. For the first time, on the basis of general methodical provisions of the theory of optimal management integrated quality criteria and on their basis economic and mathematical model of rational conducting of rescue works on liquidation of difficult underground fires are developed.\u0000Practical implications. Economic and mathematical model of rational rescue operations will allow timely and correct selection of methods, forces and means of fire fighting in coal mines, minimize economic losses, increase the efficiency and safety of emergency response.\u0000Keywords: accident, coal mine, mining works, integrated quality criteria, fire, economic-mathematical model.","PeriodicalId":12474,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","volume":"23 1","pages":"43-50"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"72957853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-23DOI: 10.20535/2707-2096.4.2020.219343
A. Zheltonozhko, V. Kravets, P. Pylypyshyn, V. Demeshchuk, V. Boiko
The chronology of formation of ammunition disposal with expired shelf life is considered. The characteristics of ammunition utilization technologies developed in Ukraine are given, their shortcomings are pointed out. Data on emissions of toxic compounds into the environment due to the implementation of domestic technologies are presented. There is a lack of state control over environmental pollution by toxic compounds during the disposal of various types of ammunition. At the same time, the problem of creating a charge from the PSU, which allows the disposal of ballistic checkers (BС) using them without prior grinding, while increasing the safety of loading. A method of forming a borehole charge of explosives from military ammunition for mass explosions by creating in the core of the well the transfer of detonation to each part of the charge, made of bundles of ballistic checkers, which will ensure the completeness of the initiation of the entire charge and thereby improve the quality of crushing rocks in the lower part of the ledge (sole), reduce the effects of seismic waves, especially on residential buildings, while disposing of ammunition. The developed technique of conducting mass explosions pursues two goals, one of which is aimed at preparing the rock mass for extraction at opencast mining with low-cost explosives, and the second, no less important, solves the problem of disposal of expired ammunition. It is clear that the third no less important goal is lined up for this technology - to provide the technology of economically attractive utilization of BP with new environmentally efficient technological solutions.
{"title":"TECHNOLOGICAL DIRECTIONS AND ECOLOGICAL ASPECTS OF AMMUNITION DISPOSAL IN MINING ENTERPRISES OF UKRAINE","authors":"A. Zheltonozhko, V. Kravets, P. Pylypyshyn, V. Demeshchuk, V. Boiko","doi":"10.20535/2707-2096.4.2020.219343","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.4.2020.219343","url":null,"abstract":"The chronology of formation of ammunition disposal with expired shelf life is considered. The characteristics of ammunition utilization technologies developed in Ukraine are given, their shortcomings are pointed out. Data on emissions of toxic compounds into the environment due to the implementation of domestic technologies are presented. There is a lack of state control over environmental pollution by toxic compounds during the disposal of various types of ammunition. At the same time, the problem of creating a charge from the PSU, which allows the disposal of ballistic checkers (BС) using them without prior grinding, while increasing the safety of loading. A method of forming a borehole charge of explosives from military ammunition for mass explosions by creating in the core of the well the transfer of detonation to each part of the charge, made of bundles of ballistic checkers, which will ensure the completeness of the initiation of the entire charge and thereby improve the quality of crushing rocks in the lower part of the ledge (sole), reduce the effects of seismic waves, especially on residential buildings, while disposing of ammunition. The developed technique of conducting mass explosions pursues two goals, one of which is aimed at preparing the rock mass for extraction at opencast mining with low-cost explosives, and the second, no less important, solves the problem of disposal of expired ammunition. It is clear that the third no less important goal is lined up for this technology - to provide the technology of economically attractive utilization of BP with new environmentally efficient technological solutions.","PeriodicalId":12474,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81377630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219327
V. Romaniuk, Olena Andriiuk, N. Volodchenkova
Purpose. Violation of the technological mode of operation potentially hazardous objects and high-risk objects, this is caused by joint military operations, it causes a significant increase in the risks of man-made disasters with large-scale negative consequences due to the threat of destruction of such objects.To ensure stable management of natural and man-made safety in these conditions, a structural and logical model of natural and man-made safety management has been developed under different conditions of application of the Armed Forces of Ukraine ensuring minimal risks and threats of emergencies of military-technological origin.Findings. The functioning of the management system for natural and technogenic safety is carried out by the following models:- model of natural and man-made safety management in the area of joint forces operations in a stable mode;- model of natural and man-caused safety management in the area of joint forces operations in the state of emergency of natural or man-made origin;- a model of natural and man-made safety management in the area of joint forces operations in the state of emergency of military-technogenic origin.This regulation should be carried out through specific mechanisms, which include: 1 - legislative and regulatory; 2 - licensed; 3 - economic.Severe disturbance of unstable equilibrium natural and industrial Geosystems, which was formed in the Eastern region, as a result of the accumulation of imbalances in nature management over the years of totalitarianism, with the decline of industrial production due to the armed confrontation, led to the development of catastrophic situations.Practical implications. Rehabilitation of areas at a time when emergencies and disasters have occurred and have been eliminated, should also be carried out by implementing environmental rehabilitation programs of a certain level in accordance with the scale of the latter and projected duration of exposure and their effects on the environment and living conditions of the population.Practical implications. A model of the index-indicator approach has been developed for the further development of a structural and functional model of the mechanism for regulating natural and technogenic safety during emergencies of military and technogenic origin. The model creates the prerequisites for the development of effective procedures for the state management of natural and technogenic safety in emergency situations of military and technogenic origin.
{"title":"STRUCTURAL-FUNCTIONAL MODEL OF THE MECHANISM FOR REGULATING ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY IN EMERGENCY SITUATIONS OF MILITARY-TECHNOGENIC ORIGIN","authors":"V. Romaniuk, Olena Andriiuk, N. Volodchenkova","doi":"10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219327","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219327","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. Violation of the technological mode of operation potentially hazardous objects and high-risk objects, this is caused by joint military operations, it causes a significant increase in the risks of man-made disasters with large-scale negative consequences due to the threat of destruction of such objects.To ensure stable management of natural and man-made safety in these conditions, a structural and logical model of natural and man-made safety management has been developed under different conditions of application of the Armed Forces of Ukraine ensuring minimal risks and threats of emergencies of military-technological origin.Findings. The functioning of the management system for natural and technogenic safety is carried out by the following models:- model of natural and man-made safety management in the area of joint forces operations in a stable mode;- model of natural and man-caused safety management in the area of joint forces operations in the state of emergency of natural or man-made origin;- a model of natural and man-made safety management in the area of joint forces operations in the state of emergency of military-technogenic origin.This regulation should be carried out through specific mechanisms, which include: 1 - legislative and regulatory; 2 - licensed; 3 - economic.Severe disturbance of unstable equilibrium natural and industrial Geosystems, which was formed in the Eastern region, as a result of the accumulation of imbalances in nature management over the years of totalitarianism, with the decline of industrial production due to the armed confrontation, led to the development of catastrophic situations.Practical implications. Rehabilitation of areas at a time when emergencies and disasters have occurred and have been eliminated, should also be carried out by implementing environmental rehabilitation programs of a certain level in accordance with the scale of the latter and projected duration of exposure and their effects on the environment and living conditions of the population.Practical implications. A model of the index-indicator approach has been developed for the further development of a structural and functional model of the mechanism for regulating natural and technogenic safety during emergencies of military and technogenic origin. The model creates the prerequisites for the development of effective procedures for the state management of natural and technogenic safety in emergency situations of military and technogenic origin.","PeriodicalId":12474,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76230688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219324
O. Danilin, S. Zaichenko, S. Shevchuk, N. Jukova, Ivan Pasichniuk
The article attempts to establish the basic patterns in the formation of loads in the structure of the conveyor frame due to changes in the design position of the constituent elements based on analytical calculations. The amortization replacement of rollers and the establishment of a change in the projected resource caused the change in the design position.The aim of the work is to study the interaction of the elements of the belt conveyor on the convex region of the profile when the design position changes and to determine the change in the resource of the roller support elements. The purpose of the work is formulated from the analysis of unplanned stops and premature replacement of conveyor elements, in particular conveyor rollers, on the convex region of the profile.To achieve this goal the influence of the geometric parameters of the convex section of the belt conveyor profile on the force interaction of the belt and roller supports was considered, and the change in the resource of the roller bearings was determined.To characterize the geometric parameters of the convex section of the belt conveyor, the following were selected: the number of roller supports, the distance between the roller supports, the radius of curvature of the conveyor profile, the angle of the curved section. The mathematical model is based on the belt equilibrium equation, which contains the tension forces of the conveyor belt and the forces from the action of roller supports. Particular attention is paid to establishing the effect of changing the geometric parameters of the convex section on the roller bearing life. It has been established that a decrease in the radius of the transitional convex section as a result of a change in the initial design position by 2.4 times leads to an increase in the force acting on the roller support by 161%. It was found that the increase in force is the reason for the rapid exit from the operational state of the rolling bearings of the roller bearings, as evidenced by the intensive drop in the resource of the rollers (18 times).The proposed algorithm for determining the main parameters of the force interaction of the elements of the belt conveyor on the convex region of the profile will make it possible to predict the resource and prevent the conveyor from leaving the premature operational state.
{"title":"DETERMINATION OF THE CHANGE OF THE DESIGN POSITION OF THE PROFILE OF THE BELT CONVEYOR ON THE LOAD OF THE ROLLER BEARINGS","authors":"O. Danilin, S. Zaichenko, S. Shevchuk, N. Jukova, Ivan Pasichniuk","doi":"10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219324","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219324","url":null,"abstract":"The article attempts to establish the basic patterns in the formation of loads in the structure of the conveyor frame due to changes in the design position of the constituent elements based on analytical calculations. The amortization replacement of rollers and the establishment of a change in the projected resource caused the change in the design position.The aim of the work is to study the interaction of the elements of the belt conveyor on the convex region of the profile when the design position changes and to determine the change in the resource of the roller support elements. The purpose of the work is formulated from the analysis of unplanned stops and premature replacement of conveyor elements, in particular conveyor rollers, on the convex region of the profile.To achieve this goal the influence of the geometric parameters of the convex section of the belt conveyor profile on the force interaction of the belt and roller supports was considered, and the change in the resource of the roller bearings was determined.To characterize the geometric parameters of the convex section of the belt conveyor, the following were selected: the number of roller supports, the distance between the roller supports, the radius of curvature of the conveyor profile, the angle of the curved section. The mathematical model is based on the belt equilibrium equation, which contains the tension forces of the conveyor belt and the forces from the action of roller supports. Particular attention is paid to establishing the effect of changing the geometric parameters of the convex section on the roller bearing life. It has been established that a decrease in the radius of the transitional convex section as a result of a change in the initial design position by 2.4 times leads to an increase in the force acting on the roller support by 161%. It was found that the increase in force is the reason for the rapid exit from the operational state of the rolling bearings of the roller bearings, as evidenced by the intensive drop in the resource of the rollers (18 times).The proposed algorithm for determining the main parameters of the force interaction of the elements of the belt conveyor on the convex region of the profile will make it possible to predict the resource and prevent the conveyor from leaving the premature operational state.","PeriodicalId":12474,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","volume":"36 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73274833","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219320
Y. Voitenko, V. Vapnichna
Purpose: The aim of the work is to analyze from the standpoint of the principles of synergetics the experimental results of the destruction of solid polymers, steels and rocks.Methodology: To analyze experimental data on the propagation of fracture cracks during quasi-static and pulse stretching and bending of samples of solid polymers (PMMA), steels and concrete, taking into account the stock of elastic or elastic-plastic energy at the time of failure. Analyze the shape and quantitative characteristics of dissipative structures that are formed in a solid body when the crack propagates through the material.Findings: Analysis of the distribution modes of county and fast trainings in polymeric materials (PMMA), tool steels and concrete according to different schemes and modes of loading samples shows that the abrupt nature of their movement with periodic trading speed of private or zero is the basis of genealogical organization. The nature of this phenomenon is based on the principles of synergetic, which determine the principle of minimum energy production.Originality: It is shown that the patterns of crack propagation in solid polymers, metals and rocks have a synergistic nature. A working hypothesis on the synergetic mechanism of softening and deformation control of brittle dilatation rocks near underground plants is formulated.Practical implications: It is shown that the nature of the distribution of county cracks during PMMA fracturing, as well as rapid cracks during pulse stretching and bending flat samples of PMMA and the capital as a whole are subject to energy principles, in particular the principle of minimum energy production. It is obvious that for the qualitative and quantitative description of structural changes and destructive deformation of rocks near underground cultivations there is a lack of models of solid environment mechanics. In practice, you need to listen to the abrupt nature of the processes and cooperative effects.
{"title":"ON THE CRACK PROPAGATION IN STRUCTURAL MATERIALS AND ROCKS FROM THE STANDPOINT OF SYNERGETICS","authors":"Y. Voitenko, V. Vapnichna","doi":"10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219320","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219320","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose: The aim of the work is to analyze from the standpoint of the principles of synergetics the experimental results of the destruction of solid polymers, steels and rocks.Methodology: To analyze experimental data on the propagation of fracture cracks during quasi-static and pulse stretching and bending of samples of solid polymers (PMMA), steels and concrete, taking into account the stock of elastic or elastic-plastic energy at the time of failure. Analyze the shape and quantitative characteristics of dissipative structures that are formed in a solid body when the crack propagates through the material.Findings: Analysis of the distribution modes of county and fast trainings in polymeric materials (PMMA), tool steels and concrete according to different schemes and modes of loading samples shows that the abrupt nature of their movement with periodic trading speed of private or zero is the basis of genealogical organization. The nature of this phenomenon is based on the principles of synergetic, which determine the principle of minimum energy production.Originality: It is shown that the patterns of crack propagation in solid polymers, metals and rocks have a synergistic nature. A working hypothesis on the synergetic mechanism of softening and deformation control of brittle dilatation rocks near underground plants is formulated.Practical implications: It is shown that the nature of the distribution of county cracks during PMMA fracturing, as well as rapid cracks during pulse stretching and bending flat samples of PMMA and the capital as a whole are subject to energy principles, in particular the principle of minimum energy production. It is obvious that for the qualitative and quantitative description of structural changes and destructive deformation of rocks near underground cultivations there is a lack of models of solid environment mechanics. In practice, you need to listen to the abrupt nature of the processes and cooperative effects.","PeriodicalId":12474,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","volume":"60 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"88139195","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2020-12-14DOI: 10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219322
N. Zuievska, L. Shaidetska, V. Gubashova
Purpose. The purpose of this work is to consider the prospects for the use of jet grouting in urban development. On the example of the considered engineering-geological conditions to show the possibility of wide application of soil-cement elements. Methodology. To consider the main characteristic features of jet grouting, which prevail over traditional geotechnical technologies. To show the possibility of performing soil-cement elements not only in the conditions of strengthening the soil bases, but also in the conditions of anti-filtration elements when performing the protection of ditches. To present the ranges of strength characteristics of soil-cement material for soil conditions of Ukraine. Findings. The type and physical and mechanical properties of soils in which the jet-grouted element is performed will be one of the main factors influencing the geometric size of the elements and the strength of the soil-cement material. Originality. Collected and analyzed strength characteristics of soil-cement material and the presented ranges of their numerical values will allow to use them for future design of jet-routed elements in different soil conditions of Ukraine without the available personal developed practical base. Practical implications. In the progressive rhythm of urban development, the issue of new construction in the immediate vicinity of existing buildings, or the reconstruction of those in disrepair is acute. Due to its features and advantages, the technology of jet cementation allows to solve construction problems where other geotechnologies do not have the opportunity to be applied. Low dynamic impact will allow to perform soil-cement elements at strengthening of buildings and constructions in an emergency condition, low water permeability - to use jet elements as antifiltration, both single, and in joint work with other elements of designs of protection of ditches. Numerical experimental values of the strength of the material obtained by performing jet cementation, will predict the strength characteristics of future soil-cement elements.
{"title":"IMPACT OF VARYING PROPERTIES OF GEOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT ON THE FORMATION OF LOADS AT SHALLOW-LAYING UNDERGROUND STRUCTURES","authors":"N. Zuievska, L. Shaidetska, V. Gubashova","doi":"10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219322","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.20535/2707-2096.3.2020.219322","url":null,"abstract":"Purpose. The purpose of this work is to consider the prospects for the use of jet grouting in urban development. On the example of the considered engineering-geological conditions to show the possibility of wide application of soil-cement elements. Methodology. To consider the main characteristic features of jet grouting, which prevail over traditional geotechnical technologies. To show the possibility of performing soil-cement elements not only in the conditions of strengthening the soil bases, but also in the conditions of anti-filtration elements when performing the protection of ditches. To present the ranges of strength characteristics of soil-cement material for soil conditions of Ukraine. Findings. The type and physical and mechanical properties of soils in which the jet-grouted element is performed will be one of the main factors influencing the geometric size of the elements and the strength of the soil-cement material. Originality. Collected and analyzed strength characteristics of soil-cement material and the presented ranges of their numerical values will allow to use them for future design of jet-routed elements in different soil conditions of Ukraine without the available personal developed practical base. Practical implications. In the progressive rhythm of urban development, the issue of new construction in the immediate vicinity of existing buildings, or the reconstruction of those in disrepair is acute. Due to its features and advantages, the technology of jet cementation allows to solve construction problems where other geotechnologies do not have the opportunity to be applied. Low dynamic impact will allow to perform soil-cement elements at strengthening of buildings and constructions in an emergency condition, low water permeability - to use jet elements as antifiltration, both single, and in joint work with other elements of designs of protection of ditches. Numerical experimental values of the strength of the material obtained by performing jet cementation, will predict the strength characteristics of future soil-cement elements.","PeriodicalId":12474,"journal":{"name":"Geomechanics and Geoengineering","volume":"7 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2020-12-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73111695","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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