Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1095-1
Shubei Chen, Dianjia Liu, Bingyi Chen, Zijuan Li, Binhe Chang, Chunhui Xu, Ningzhe Li, Changzhou Feng, Xibo Hu, Weiying Wang, Yuanliang Zhang, Yinyin Xie, Qiuhua Huang, Yingcai Wang, Stephen D Nimer, Saijuan Chen, Zhu Chen, Lan Wang, Xiaojian Sun
SETD2 is the only enzyme responsible for transcription-coupled histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3). Mutations in SETD2 cause human diseases including cancer and developmental defects. In mice, Setd2 is essential for embryonic vascular remodeling. Given that many epigenetic modifiers have recently been found to possess noncatalytic functions, it is unknown whether the major function(s) of Setd2 is dependent on its catalytic activity or not. Here, we established a site-specific knockin mouse model harboring a cancer patient-derived catalytically dead Setd2 (Setd2-CD). We found that the essentiality of Setd2 in mouse development is dependent on its methyltransferase activity, as the Setd2CD/CD and Setd2-/- mice showed similar embryonic lethal phenotypes and largely comparable gene expression patterns. However, compared with Setd2-/-, the Setd2CD/CD mice showed less severe defects in allantois development, and single-cell RNA-seq analysis revealed differentially regulated allantois-specific 5' Hoxa cluster genes in these two models. Collectively, this study clarifies the importance of Setd2 catalytic activity in mouse development and provides a new model for comparative study of previously unrecognized Setd2 functions.
{"title":"Catalytic activity of Setd2 is essential for embryonic development in mice: establishment of a mouse model harboring patient-derived Setd2 mutation.","authors":"Shubei Chen, Dianjia Liu, Bingyi Chen, Zijuan Li, Binhe Chang, Chunhui Xu, Ningzhe Li, Changzhou Feng, Xibo Hu, Weiying Wang, Yuanliang Zhang, Yinyin Xie, Qiuhua Huang, Yingcai Wang, Stephen D Nimer, Saijuan Chen, Zhu Chen, Lan Wang, Xiaojian Sun","doi":"10.1007/s11684-024-1095-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-024-1095-1","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>SETD2 is the only enzyme responsible for transcription-coupled histone H3 lysine 36 trimethylation (H3K36me3). Mutations in SETD2 cause human diseases including cancer and developmental defects. In mice, Setd2 is essential for embryonic vascular remodeling. Given that many epigenetic modifiers have recently been found to possess noncatalytic functions, it is unknown whether the major function(s) of Setd2 is dependent on its catalytic activity or not. Here, we established a site-specific knockin mouse model harboring a cancer patient-derived catalytically dead Setd2 (Setd2-CD). We found that the essentiality of Setd2 in mouse development is dependent on its methyltransferase activity, as the Setd2<sup>CD/CD</sup> and Setd2<sup>-/-</sup> mice showed similar embryonic lethal phenotypes and largely comparable gene expression patterns. However, compared with Setd2<sup>-/-</sup>, the Setd2<sup>CD/CD</sup> mice showed less severe defects in allantois development, and single-cell RNA-seq analysis revealed differentially regulated allantois-specific 5' Hoxa cluster genes in these two models. Collectively, this study clarifies the importance of Setd2 catalytic activity in mouse development and provides a new model for comparative study of previously unrecognized Setd2 functions.</p>","PeriodicalId":12558,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141901422","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-08DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1085-3
Ankita Murmu, Balázs Győrffy
Cancer is a heterogeneous and multifaceted disease with a significant global footprint. Despite substantial technological advancements for battling cancer, early diagnosis and selection of effective treatment remains a challenge. With the convenience of large-scale datasets including multiple levels of data, new bioinformatic tools are needed to transform this wealth of information into clinically useful decision-support tools. In this field, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies with their highly diverse applications are rapidly gaining ground. Machine learning methods, such as Bayesian networks, support vector machines, decision trees, random forests, gradient boosting, and K-nearest neighbors, including neural network models like deep learning, have proven valuable in predictive, prognostic, and diagnostic studies. Researchers have recently employed large language models to tackle new dimensions of problems. However, leveraging the opportunity to utilize AI in clinical settings will require surpassing significant obstacles-a major issue is the lack of use of the available reporting guidelines obstructing the reproducibility of published studies. In this review, we discuss the applications of AI methods and explore their benefits and limitations. We summarize the available guidelines for AI in healthcare and highlight the potential role and impact of AI models on future directions in cancer research.
癌症是一种异质性的多发性疾病,在全球范围内的发病率很高。尽管抗癌技术取得了巨大进步,但早期诊断和选择有效的治疗方法仍然是一项挑战。随着包括多层次数据在内的大规模数据集的方便使用,需要新的生物信息学工具将这些丰富的信息转化为对临床有用的决策支持工具。在这一领域,人工智能(AI)技术及其多样化的应用正在迅速普及。贝叶斯网络、支持向量机、决策树、随机森林、梯度提升和 K 近邻等机器学习方法,包括深度学习等神经网络模型,已被证明在预测、预后和诊断研究中具有重要价值。最近,研究人员采用大型语言模型来解决新层面的问题。然而,要在临床环境中充分利用人工智能的机会,就必须克服重大障碍--其中一个主要问题是缺乏可用的报告指南,这阻碍了已发表研究的可重复性。在这篇综述中,我们讨论了人工智能方法的应用,并探讨了它们的优势和局限性。我们总结了医疗保健领域现有的人工智能指南,并强调了人工智能模型对未来癌症研究方向的潜在作用和影响。
{"title":"Artificial intelligence methods available for cancer research.","authors":"Ankita Murmu, Balázs Győrffy","doi":"10.1007/s11684-024-1085-3","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11684-024-1085-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Cancer is a heterogeneous and multifaceted disease with a significant global footprint. Despite substantial technological advancements for battling cancer, early diagnosis and selection of effective treatment remains a challenge. With the convenience of large-scale datasets including multiple levels of data, new bioinformatic tools are needed to transform this wealth of information into clinically useful decision-support tools. In this field, artificial intelligence (AI) technologies with their highly diverse applications are rapidly gaining ground. Machine learning methods, such as Bayesian networks, support vector machines, decision trees, random forests, gradient boosting, and K-nearest neighbors, including neural network models like deep learning, have proven valuable in predictive, prognostic, and diagnostic studies. Researchers have recently employed large language models to tackle new dimensions of problems. However, leveraging the opportunity to utilize AI in clinical settings will require surpassing significant obstacles-a major issue is the lack of use of the available reporting guidelines obstructing the reproducibility of published studies. In this review, we discuss the applications of AI methods and explore their benefits and limitations. We summarize the available guidelines for AI in healthcare and highlight the potential role and impact of AI models on future directions in cancer research.</p>","PeriodicalId":12558,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141901421","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Gene fusions and MET alterations are rare and difficult to detect in plasma samples. The clinical detection efficacy of molecular residual disease (MRD) based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with these mutations remains unknown. This prospective, non-intervention study recruited 49 patients with operable NSCLC with actionable gene fusions (ALK, ROS1, RET, and FGFR1), MET exon 14 skipping or de novo MET amplification. We analyzed 43 tumor tissues and 111 serial perioperative plasma samples using 1021- and 338-gene panels, respectively. Detectable MRD correlated with a significantly higher recurrence rate (P < 0.001), yielding positive predictive values of 100% and 90.9%, and negative predictive values of 82.4% and 86.4% at landmark and longitudinal time points, respectively. Patients with detectable MRD showed reduced disease-free survival (DFS) compared to those with undetectable MRD (P < 0.001). Patients who harbored tissue-derived fusion/MET alterations in their MRD had reduced DFS compared to those who did not (P = 0.05). To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study on ctDNA-MRD clinical detection efficacy in operable NSCLC patients with gene fusions and MET alterations. Patients with detectable tissue-derived fusion/MET alterations in postoperative MRD had worse clinical outcomes.
{"title":"Evaluation of molecular residual disease in operable non-small cell lung cancer with gene fusions, MET exon skipping or de novo MET amplification.","authors":"Rui Fu, Yuanyuan Xiong, Miao Cai, Fang Li, Rongrong Chen, Yilong Wu, Wenzhao Zhong","doi":"10.1007/s11684-024-1060-z","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11684-024-1060-z","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Gene fusions and MET alterations are rare and difficult to detect in plasma samples. The clinical detection efficacy of molecular residual disease (MRD) based on circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) in patients with non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with these mutations remains unknown. This prospective, non-intervention study recruited 49 patients with operable NSCLC with actionable gene fusions (ALK, ROS1, RET, and FGFR1), MET exon 14 skipping or de novo MET amplification. We analyzed 43 tumor tissues and 111 serial perioperative plasma samples using 1021- and 338-gene panels, respectively. Detectable MRD correlated with a significantly higher recurrence rate (P < 0.001), yielding positive predictive values of 100% and 90.9%, and negative predictive values of 82.4% and 86.4% at landmark and longitudinal time points, respectively. Patients with detectable MRD showed reduced disease-free survival (DFS) compared to those with undetectable MRD (P < 0.001). Patients who harbored tissue-derived fusion/MET alterations in their MRD had reduced DFS compared to those who did not (P = 0.05). To our knowledge, this is the first comprehensive study on ctDNA-MRD clinical detection efficacy in operable NSCLC patients with gene fusions and MET alterations. Patients with detectable tissue-derived fusion/MET alterations in postoperative MRD had worse clinical outcomes.</p>","PeriodicalId":12558,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141157319","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-07-16DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1063-9
Yihui Chen, Qiaozhi Cao, Cong Peng, Bingjing Zhou, Yu Jiang, Xiang Chen, Jie Li
{"title":"Real-world effectiveness and safety of Janus kinase 1 inhibitors for the treatment of moderate-to-severe atopic dermatitis: a single-center, prospective study in China.","authors":"Yihui Chen, Qiaozhi Cao, Cong Peng, Bingjing Zhou, Yu Jiang, Xiang Chen, Jie Li","doi":"10.1007/s11684-024-1063-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11684-024-1063-9","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12558,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141619718","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1071-9
Fan Zou, Jialiang Wei, Jialang Zhuang, Yafang Liu, Jizhou Tan, Xianzhang Huang, Ting Liu
CD39 serves as a crucial biomarker for neoantigen-specific CD8+ T cells and is associated with antitumor activity and exhaustion. However, the relationship between CD39 expression levels and the function of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the role of CD39 in the functional performance of CAR-T cells against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore the therapeutic potential of CD39 modulators, such as mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (mdivi-1), or knockdown CD39 through short hairpin RNA. Our findings demonstrated that glypican-3-CAR-T cells with moderate CD39 expression exhibited a strong antitumor activity, while high and low levels of CD39 led to an impaired cellular function. Methods modulating the proportion of CD39 intermediate (CD39int)-phenotype CAR-T cells such as mdivi-1 and CD39 knockdown enhanced and impaired T cell function, respectively. The combination of mdivi-1 and CD39 knockdown in CAR-T cells yielded the highest proportion of infiltrated CD39int CAR-T cells and demonstrated a robust antitumor activity in vivo. In conclusion, this study revealed the crucial role of CD39 in CAR-T cell function, demonstrated the potential therapeutic efficacy of combining mdivi-1 with CD39 knockdown in HCC, and provided a novel treatment strategy for HCC patients in the field of cellular immunotherapy.
CD39 是新抗原特异性 CD8+ T 细胞的重要生物标志物,与抗肿瘤活性和衰竭有关。然而,CD39表达水平与嵌合抗原受体T(CAR-T)细胞功能之间的关系仍存在争议。本研究旨在研究CD39在CAR-T细胞抗肝细胞癌(HCC)功能表现中的作用,并探索CD39调节剂(如线粒体分裂抑制剂-1(mdivi-1))或通过短发夹RNA敲除CD39的治疗潜力。我们的研究结果表明,CD39中度表达的glypican-3-CAR-T细胞具有很强的抗肿瘤活性,而高水平和低水平的CD39则会导致细胞功能受损。调节CD39中间型(CD39int)CAR-T细胞比例的方法,如mdivi-1和CD39敲除,分别增强和削弱了T细胞的功能。mdivi-1和CD39敲除相结合的CAR-T细胞产生了最高比例的浸润CD39int CAR-T细胞,并在体内表现出了强大的抗肿瘤活性。总之,这项研究揭示了CD39在CAR-T细胞功能中的关键作用,证明了mdivi-1与CD39敲除相结合在HCC中的潜在疗效,并在细胞免疫治疗领域为HCC患者提供了一种新的治疗策略。
{"title":"Moderate expression of CD39 in GPC3-CAR-T cells shows high efficacy against hepatocellular carcinoma.","authors":"Fan Zou, Jialiang Wei, Jialang Zhuang, Yafang Liu, Jizhou Tan, Xianzhang Huang, Ting Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11684-024-1071-9","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11684-024-1071-9","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>CD39 serves as a crucial biomarker for neoantigen-specific CD8<sup>+</sup> T cells and is associated with antitumor activity and exhaustion. However, the relationship between CD39 expression levels and the function of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells remains controversial. This study aimed to investigate the role of CD39 in the functional performance of CAR-T cells against hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and explore the therapeutic potential of CD39 modulators, such as mitochondrial division inhibitor-1 (mdivi-1), or knockdown CD39 through short hairpin RNA. Our findings demonstrated that glypican-3-CAR-T cells with moderate CD39 expression exhibited a strong antitumor activity, while high and low levels of CD39 led to an impaired cellular function. Methods modulating the proportion of CD39 intermediate (CD39<sup>int</sup>)-phenotype CAR-T cells such as mdivi-1 and CD39 knockdown enhanced and impaired T cell function, respectively. The combination of mdivi-1 and CD39 knockdown in CAR-T cells yielded the highest proportion of infiltrated CD39<sup>int</sup> CAR-T cells and demonstrated a robust antitumor activity in vivo. In conclusion, this study revealed the crucial role of CD39 in CAR-T cell function, demonstrated the potential therapeutic efficacy of combining mdivi-1 with CD39 knockdown in HCC, and provided a novel treatment strategy for HCC patients in the field of cellular immunotherapy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12558,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141237292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-07-23DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1092-4
Juan Wang, Dongni Shi, Yaochen Wang, Xuanqi Zhang, Han Li, Xihong Wang, Shufeng Luo, Lihan Hu, Jiashuai Deng, Lin Zhang, Chung Tai Lau, Chung Wah Cheng, Fei Han, Ji Li, Ping Wang, Aiping Lyu, Zhaoxiang Bian, Xuan Zhang
{"title":"Transparency and reporting characteristics of randomized controlled trials with Chinese herbal medicine formulas interventions.","authors":"Juan Wang, Dongni Shi, Yaochen Wang, Xuanqi Zhang, Han Li, Xihong Wang, Shufeng Luo, Lihan Hu, Jiashuai Deng, Lin Zhang, Chung Tai Lau, Chung Wah Cheng, Fei Han, Ji Li, Ping Wang, Aiping Lyu, Zhaoxiang Bian, Xuan Zhang","doi":"10.1007/s11684-024-1092-4","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11684-024-1092-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12558,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141747917","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-07-03DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1073-7
Jun Zhao, Hui Zheng, Xin Wang, Xuefei Wang, Yunzhou Shi, Chaorong Xie, Qingfeng Tao, Da Li, Jingwen Sun, Junjian Tian, Junxia Gao, Huimin Liu, Suhua Shi, Jinxia Ni, Rongdan Xue, Hui Hu, Min Chen, Shuguang Yu, Zhigang Li
Previous studies have confirmed that acupuncture for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) provided an additional benefit over usual care alone. Therefore, we performed a multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture for refractory IBS in patients in the context of conventional treatments. Patients in the acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups received real or sham acupuncture treatment in 3 sessions per week for a total of 12 sessions. The primary outcome was a change in the IBS-Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) score from baseline to week 4. A total of 521 participants were screened, and 170 patients (85 patients per group) were enrolled and included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Baseline characteristics were comparable across the two groups. From baseline to 4 weeks, the IBS-SSS total score decreased by 140.0 (95% CI: 126.0 to 153.9) in the acupuncture group and 64.4 (95% CI: 50.4 to 78.3) in the sham acupuncture group. The between-group difference was 75.6 (95% CI: 55.8 to 95.4). Acupuncture efficacy was maintained during the 4-week follow-up period. There were no serious adverse events. In conclusion, acupuncture provided benefits when combined with treatment as usual, providing more options for the treatment of refractory IBS.
{"title":"Efficacy of acupuncture in refractory irritable bowel syndrome patients: a randomized controlled trial.","authors":"Jun Zhao, Hui Zheng, Xin Wang, Xuefei Wang, Yunzhou Shi, Chaorong Xie, Qingfeng Tao, Da Li, Jingwen Sun, Junjian Tian, Junxia Gao, Huimin Liu, Suhua Shi, Jinxia Ni, Rongdan Xue, Hui Hu, Min Chen, Shuguang Yu, Zhigang Li","doi":"10.1007/s11684-024-1073-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11684-024-1073-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Previous studies have confirmed that acupuncture for irritable bowel syndrome (IBS) provided an additional benefit over usual care alone. Therefore, we performed a multicenter, randomized, sham-controlled trial to assess the efficacy and safety of acupuncture versus sham acupuncture for refractory IBS in patients in the context of conventional treatments. Patients in the acupuncture and sham acupuncture groups received real or sham acupuncture treatment in 3 sessions per week for a total of 12 sessions. The primary outcome was a change in the IBS-Symptom Severity Scale (IBS-SSS) score from baseline to week 4. A total of 521 participants were screened, and 170 patients (85 patients per group) were enrolled and included in the intention-to-treat analysis. Baseline characteristics were comparable across the two groups. From baseline to 4 weeks, the IBS-SSS total score decreased by 140.0 (95% CI: 126.0 to 153.9) in the acupuncture group and 64.4 (95% CI: 50.4 to 78.3) in the sham acupuncture group. The between-group difference was 75.6 (95% CI: 55.8 to 95.4). Acupuncture efficacy was maintained during the 4-week follow-up period. There were no serious adverse events. In conclusion, acupuncture provided benefits when combined with treatment as usual, providing more options for the treatment of refractory IBS.</p>","PeriodicalId":12558,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141491628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pathological cardiac hypertrophy, a major contributor to heart failure, is closely linked to mitochondrial function. The roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which regulate mitochondrial function, remain largely unexplored in this context. Herein, a previously unknown lncRNA, Gm20257, was identified. It markedly increased under hypertrophic stress in vivo and in vitro. The suppression of Gm20257 by using small interfering RNAs significantly induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Conversely, the overexpression of Gm20257 through plasmid transfection or adeno-associated viral vector-9 mitigated angiotensin II-induced hypertrophic phenotypes in neonatal mouse ventricular cells or alleviated cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse TAC model respectively, thus restoring cardiac function. Importantly, Gm20257 restored mitochondrial complex IV level and enhanced mitochondrial function. Bioinformatics prediction showed that Gm20257 had a high binding score with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 (PGC-1α), which could increase mitochondrial complex IV. Subsequently, Western blot analysis results revealed that Gm20257 substantially affected the expression of PGC-1α. Further analyses through RNA immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting following RNA pull-down indicated that PGC-1α was a direct downstream target of Gm20257. This interaction was demonstrated to rescue the reduction of mitochondrial complex IV induced by hypertrophic stress and promote the generation of mitochondrial ATP. These findings suggest that Gm20257 improves mitochondrial function through the PGC-1α-mitochondrial complex IV axis, offering a novel approach for attenuating pathological cardiac hypertrophy.
病理性心肌肥厚是心力衰竭的主要诱因,与线粒体功能密切相关。调控线粒体功能的长非编码 RNA(lncRNA)在这方面的作用在很大程度上仍未被探索。在此,研究人员发现了一种之前未知的 lncRNA--Gm20257。在体内和体外肥大应激状态下,它的含量明显增加。使用小干扰 RNA 抑制 Gm20257 能显著诱导心肌细胞肥大。相反,通过质粒转染或腺相关病毒载体-9过表达 Gm20257 可分别减轻血管紧张素 II 诱导的新生小鼠心室细胞肥大表型或减轻小鼠 TAC 模型的心肌肥大,从而恢复心脏功能。重要的是,Gm20257 能恢复线粒体复合物 IV 的水平,增强线粒体功能。生物信息学预测显示,Gm20257 与过氧化物酶体增殖激活受体辅激活因子-1(PGC-1α)的结合得分很高,可增加线粒体复合物 IV。随后的 Western 印迹分析结果显示,Gm20257 对 PGC-1α 的表达产生了重大影响。通过 RNA 免疫沉淀和 RNA 下拉后的免疫印迹进一步分析表明,PGC-1α 是 Gm20257 的直接下游靶标。这种相互作用被证明能挽救肥大应激引起的线粒体复合物 IV 的减少,并促进线粒体 ATP 的生成。这些发现表明,Gm20257 可通过 PGC-1α - 线粒体复合体 IV 轴改善线粒体功能,为减轻病理性心肌肥厚提供了一种新方法。
{"title":"lncRNA Gm20257 alleviates pathological cardiac hypertrophy by modulating the PGC-1α-mitochondrial complex IV axis.","authors":"Tong Yu, Qiang Gao, Guofang Zhang, Tianyu Li, Xiaoshan Liu, Chao Li, Lan Zheng, Xiang Sun, Jianbo Wu, Huiying Cao, Fangfang Bi, Ruifeng Wang, Haihai Liang, Xuelian Li, Yuhong Zhou, Lifang Lv, Hongli Shan","doi":"10.1007/s11684-024-1065-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11684-024-1065-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Pathological cardiac hypertrophy, a major contributor to heart failure, is closely linked to mitochondrial function. The roles of long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs), which regulate mitochondrial function, remain largely unexplored in this context. Herein, a previously unknown lncRNA, Gm20257, was identified. It markedly increased under hypertrophic stress in vivo and in vitro. The suppression of Gm20257 by using small interfering RNAs significantly induced cardiomyocyte hypertrophy. Conversely, the overexpression of Gm20257 through plasmid transfection or adeno-associated viral vector-9 mitigated angiotensin II-induced hypertrophic phenotypes in neonatal mouse ventricular cells or alleviated cardiac hypertrophy in a mouse TAC model respectively, thus restoring cardiac function. Importantly, Gm20257 restored mitochondrial complex IV level and enhanced mitochondrial function. Bioinformatics prediction showed that Gm20257 had a high binding score with peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor coactivator-1 (PGC-1α), which could increase mitochondrial complex IV. Subsequently, Western blot analysis results revealed that Gm20257 substantially affected the expression of PGC-1α. Further analyses through RNA immunoprecipitation and immunoblotting following RNA pull-down indicated that PGC-1α was a direct downstream target of Gm20257. This interaction was demonstrated to rescue the reduction of mitochondrial complex IV induced by hypertrophic stress and promote the generation of mitochondrial ATP. These findings suggest that Gm20257 improves mitochondrial function through the PGC-1α-mitochondrial complex IV axis, offering a novel approach for attenuating pathological cardiac hypertrophy.</p>","PeriodicalId":12558,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-06-27DOI: 10.1007/s11684-023-1053-3
Yuanxin Yao, Honghui Lv, Meiying Zhang, Yuan Li, James G Herman, Malcolm V Brock, Aiai Gao, Qian Wang, Francois Fuks, Lirong Zhang, Mingzhou Guo
Synthetic lethality is a novel model for cancer therapy. To understand the function and mechanism of BEN domain-containing protein 4 (BEND4) in pancreatic cancer, eight cell lines and a total of 492 cases of pancreatic neoplasia samples were included in this study. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, CRISPR/Cas9, immunoprecipitation assay, comet assay, and xenograft mouse model were used. BEND4 is a new member of the BEN domain family. The expression of BEND4 is regulated by promoter region methylation. It is methylated in 58.1% (176/303) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), 33.3% (14/42) of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, 31.0% (13/42) of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, 14.3% (3/21) of mucinous cystic neoplasm, 4.3% (2/47) of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, and 2.7% (1/37) of serous cystic neoplasm. BEND4 methylation is significantly associated with late-onset PDAC (> 50 years, P < 0.01) and tumor differentiation (P < 0.0001), and methylation of BEND4 is an independent poor prognostic marker (P < 0.01) in PDAC. Furthermore, BEND4 plays tumor-suppressive roles in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, BEND4 involves non-homologous end joining signaling by interacting with Ku80 and promotes DNA damage repair. Loss of BEND4 increased the sensitivity of PDAC cells to ATM inhibitor. Collectively, the present study revealed an uncharacterized tumor suppressor BEND4 and indicated that methylation of BEND4 may serve as a potential synthetic lethal marker for ATM inhibitor in PDAC treatment.
{"title":"Epigenetic silencing of BEND4, a novel DNA damage repair gene, is a synthetic lethal marker for ATM inhibitor in pancreatic cancer.","authors":"Yuanxin Yao, Honghui Lv, Meiying Zhang, Yuan Li, James G Herman, Malcolm V Brock, Aiai Gao, Qian Wang, Francois Fuks, Lirong Zhang, Mingzhou Guo","doi":"10.1007/s11684-023-1053-3","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11684-023-1053-3","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Synthetic lethality is a novel model for cancer therapy. To understand the function and mechanism of BEN domain-containing protein 4 (BEND4) in pancreatic cancer, eight cell lines and a total of 492 cases of pancreatic neoplasia samples were included in this study. Methylation-specific polymerase chain reaction, CRISPR/Cas9, immunoprecipitation assay, comet assay, and xenograft mouse model were used. BEND4 is a new member of the BEN domain family. The expression of BEND4 is regulated by promoter region methylation. It is methylated in 58.1% (176/303) of pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC), 33.3% (14/42) of intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasm, 31.0% (13/42) of pancreatic neuroendocrine tumor, 14.3% (3/21) of mucinous cystic neoplasm, 4.3% (2/47) of solid pseudopapillary neoplasm, and 2.7% (1/37) of serous cystic neoplasm. BEND4 methylation is significantly associated with late-onset PDAC (> 50 years, P < 0.01) and tumor differentiation (P < 0.0001), and methylation of BEND4 is an independent poor prognostic marker (P < 0.01) in PDAC. Furthermore, BEND4 plays tumor-suppressive roles in vitro and in vivo. Mechanistically, BEND4 involves non-homologous end joining signaling by interacting with Ku80 and promotes DNA damage repair. Loss of BEND4 increased the sensitivity of PDAC cells to ATM inhibitor. Collectively, the present study revealed an uncharacterized tumor suppressor BEND4 and indicated that methylation of BEND4 may serve as a potential synthetic lethal marker for ATM inhibitor in PDAC treatment.</p>","PeriodicalId":12558,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141456285","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-08-01Epub Date: 2024-07-17DOI: 10.1007/s11684-024-1081-7
Zhe Nian, Dan Wang, Hao Wang, Wenxu Liu, Zhenyi Ma, Jie Yan, Yanna Cao, Jie Li, Qiang Zhao, Zhe Liu
Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common childhood malignancies. Sixty percent of patients present with widely disseminated clinical signs at diagnosis and exhibit poor outcomes. However, the molecular mechanisms triggering NB metastasis remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we generated a transcriptomic atlas of 15 447 NB cells from eight NB samples, including paired samples of primary tumors and bone marrow metastases. We used time-resolved analysis to chart the evolutionary trajectory of NB cells from the primary tumor to the metastases in the same patient and identified a common 'starter' subpopulation that initiates tumor development and metastasis. The 'starter' population exhibited high expression levels of multiple cell cycle-related genes, indicating the important role of cell cycle upregulation in NB tumor progression. In addition, our evolutionary trajectory analysis demonstrated the involvement of partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (p-EMT) along the metastatic route from the primary site to the bone marrow. Our study provides insights into the program driving NB metastasis and presents a signature of metastasis-initiating cells as an independent prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target to inhibit the initiation of NB metastasis.
神经母细胞瘤(NB)是最常见的儿童恶性肿瘤之一。60%的患者在确诊时出现广泛扩散的临床症状,且预后不佳。然而,引发 NB 转移的分子机制在很大程度上仍未定性。在这项研究中,我们从 8 个 NB 样本(包括原发肿瘤和骨髓转移瘤的配对样本)中生成了 15 447 个 NB 细胞的转录组图谱。我们利用时间分辨分析法绘制了同一患者从原发肿瘤到转移灶的NB细胞进化轨迹图,并确定了启动肿瘤发生和转移的共同 "起始 "亚群。起始 "亚群表现出多种细胞周期相关基因的高表达水平,表明细胞周期上调在 NB 肿瘤进展中的重要作用。此外,我们的进化轨迹分析表明,在从原发部位向骨髓转移的过程中,部分上皮细胞向间质转化(p-EMT)也参与其中。我们的研究深入揭示了驱动NB转移的程序,并提出了转移启动细胞的特征,作为一个独立的预后指标和潜在的治疗靶点来抑制NB转移的启动。
{"title":"Single-cell RNA-seq reveals the transcriptional program underlying tumor progression and metastasis in neuroblastoma.","authors":"Zhe Nian, Dan Wang, Hao Wang, Wenxu Liu, Zhenyi Ma, Jie Yan, Yanna Cao, Jie Li, Qiang Zhao, Zhe Liu","doi":"10.1007/s11684-024-1081-7","DOIUrl":"10.1007/s11684-024-1081-7","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Neuroblastoma (NB) is one of the most common childhood malignancies. Sixty percent of patients present with widely disseminated clinical signs at diagnosis and exhibit poor outcomes. However, the molecular mechanisms triggering NB metastasis remain largely uncharacterized. In this study, we generated a transcriptomic atlas of 15 447 NB cells from eight NB samples, including paired samples of primary tumors and bone marrow metastases. We used time-resolved analysis to chart the evolutionary trajectory of NB cells from the primary tumor to the metastases in the same patient and identified a common 'starter' subpopulation that initiates tumor development and metastasis. The 'starter' population exhibited high expression levels of multiple cell cycle-related genes, indicating the important role of cell cycle upregulation in NB tumor progression. In addition, our evolutionary trajectory analysis demonstrated the involvement of partial epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (p-EMT) along the metastatic route from the primary site to the bone marrow. Our study provides insights into the program driving NB metastasis and presents a signature of metastasis-initiating cells as an independent prognostic indicator and potential therapeutic target to inhibit the initiation of NB metastasis.</p>","PeriodicalId":12558,"journal":{"name":"Frontiers of Medicine","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":3.9,"publicationDate":"2024-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141626441","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}