Pub Date : 2011-11-07DOI: 10.1109/MAES.2011.6070278
O. D. du Plessis, J. Nouvel, R. Baqué, G. Bonin, P. Dreuillet, C. Coulombeix, H. Oriot
This paper provides an overview of the airborne SAR systems developed by the French Aerospace Lab ONERA over the past five years. The first system, called SETHI, is presented in the first section. It has been developed according to the standard FAR25 applied to civil application. The main improvement compared to the previous ONERA airborne radar system RAMSES is that the antennas are located into two pods compatible with small aircrafts like the Falcon 20. This pod-based configuration allows the easy integration of any kind of payloads under the single certification of the pods by authorities. The second section describes the BUSARD concept, dedicated to UAV-like payloads. A special attention is set on its Ka-band radar payload. Finally, we describe the RAMSES NG project, with a new installation on board a Falcon 20 aircraft and we expose the latest X-band developments. The three systems are summarized on overview tables.
{"title":"ONERA SAR facilities","authors":"O. D. du Plessis, J. Nouvel, R. Baqué, G. Bonin, P. Dreuillet, C. Coulombeix, H. Oriot","doi":"10.1109/MAES.2011.6070278","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAES.2011.6070278","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides an overview of the airborne SAR systems developed by the French Aerospace Lab ONERA over the past five years. The first system, called SETHI, is presented in the first section. It has been developed according to the standard FAR25 applied to civil application. The main improvement compared to the previous ONERA airborne radar system RAMSES is that the antennas are located into two pods compatible with small aircrafts like the Falcon 20. This pod-based configuration allows the easy integration of any kind of payloads under the single certification of the pods by authorities. The second section describes the BUSARD concept, dedicated to UAV-like payloads. A special attention is set on its Ka-band radar payload. Finally, we describe the RAMSES NG project, with a new installation on board a Falcon 20 aircraft and we expose the latest X-band developments. The three systems are summarized on overview tables.","PeriodicalId":125591,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"28 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116028292","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-07DOI: 10.1109/MAES.2011.6069903
S. Côté
The missions expected to be covered by Naval Multi-Function RADAR (MFR) have increased significantly these last decades. The main evolution of these systems, from a design point of view, have two origins, one being the Tactical Picture Compilation (TPC), the other being the extension of the warfare domain of weapon systems connected to MFR. As far as TPC is concerned, Long Range coverage and proximity of littoral, have been the major requirements impacting the design of naval MFR. This paper discusses the principal features of typical architecture for modern Naval Multi-Function RADAR, and how the requested new missions impact the design.
{"title":"Naval Multi-Function RADAR","authors":"S. Côté","doi":"10.1109/MAES.2011.6069903","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAES.2011.6069903","url":null,"abstract":"The missions expected to be covered by Naval Multi-Function RADAR (MFR) have increased significantly these last decades. The main evolution of these systems, from a design point of view, have two origins, one being the Tactical Picture Compilation (TPC), the other being the extension of the warfare domain of weapon systems connected to MFR. As far as TPC is concerned, Long Range coverage and proximity of littoral, have been the major requirements impacting the design of naval MFR. This paper discusses the principal features of typical architecture for modern Naval Multi-Function RADAR, and how the requested new missions impact the design.","PeriodicalId":125591,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"2013 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129660194","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-07DOI: 10.1109/MAES.2011.6065653
M. Yeary, G. Crain, A. Zahrai, R. Kelley, J. Meier, Y. Zhang, I. Ivić, C. Curtis, R. Palmer, T. Yu, R. Doviak
The first phased array radar dedicated to weather observation and analysis is now instrumented with eight, simultaneous digital receivers. The addition of these additional channels will enable the use of advanced signal processing to improve signal/clutter in an adaptive mode. Elimination of strong point and ground clutter returns from the low-level, volumetrically distributed weather cell returns is a new application of adaptive processing. The NSF funded 8-channel receiver has been added to the National Weather Radar Testbed (NWRT) system in Norman, OK to enable operation as a multifunction and/or adaptive processing system. This paper will describe the system concept, system installation and early results from fielded weather data returns.
{"title":"Phased array weather / multipurpose radar","authors":"M. Yeary, G. Crain, A. Zahrai, R. Kelley, J. Meier, Y. Zhang, I. Ivić, C. Curtis, R. Palmer, T. Yu, R. Doviak","doi":"10.1109/MAES.2011.6065653","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAES.2011.6065653","url":null,"abstract":"The first phased array radar dedicated to weather observation and analysis is now instrumented with eight, simultaneous digital receivers. The addition of these additional channels will enable the use of advanced signal processing to improve signal/clutter in an adaptive mode. Elimination of strong point and ground clutter returns from the low-level, volumetrically distributed weather cell returns is a new application of adaptive processing. The NSF funded 8-channel receiver has been added to the National Weather Radar Testbed (NWRT) system in Norman, OK to enable operation as a multifunction and/or adaptive processing system. This paper will describe the system concept, system installation and early results from fielded weather data returns.","PeriodicalId":125591,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130664452","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-11-01DOI: 10.1587/TRANSCOM.E94.B.2969
K. Isoda, T. Hara
Monopulse angle measurement methods are often utilized to measure a target angle. However, this method cannot measure a correct angle for multiple targets which cannot be distinguished by range, Doppler frequency and beam width. A method to simultaneously measure azimuths and elevations for only two targets was proposed, which requires a low computational load compared with other methods. However, the conventional method requires four receivers, therefore it is difficult to utilize it when there is a hard ware limitation. In this paper, we propose a method to measure azimuths and elevations for two targets using two receivers and time division system. We also show a verification of the proposed method by a numerical simulation and experimentation, though measured angles are restricted to azimuths or elevations. The results show that two targets angles can be measured by our proposed method using two receivers.
{"title":"Angle measurement method for two targets within antenna beam width using two receivers","authors":"K. Isoda, T. Hara","doi":"10.1587/TRANSCOM.E94.B.2969","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1587/TRANSCOM.E94.B.2969","url":null,"abstract":"Monopulse angle measurement methods are often utilized to measure a target angle. However, this method cannot measure a correct angle for multiple targets which cannot be distinguished by range, Doppler frequency and beam width. A method to simultaneously measure azimuths and elevations for only two targets was proposed, which requires a low computational load compared with other methods. However, the conventional method requires four receivers, therefore it is difficult to utilize it when there is a hard ware limitation. In this paper, we propose a method to measure azimuths and elevations for two targets using two receivers and time division system. We also show a verification of the proposed method by a numerical simulation and experimentation, though measured angles are restricted to azimuths or elevations. The results show that two targets angles can be measured by our proposed method using two receivers.","PeriodicalId":125591,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126932263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2011-08-12DOI: 10.1109/MAES.2011.5980607
S. Kemkemian, M. Nouvel-Fiani, E. Chamouard
Up to now, combat aircrafts are fitted with Fire Control Radar (FCR), Electronic Warfare System (EWS), and some radio links. Each of these systems is dedicated to a particular task and the cooperation is reduced to a minimal exchange of information between them, so far. Major system performance enhancements are to be expected from close cooperations to each other sensors. The future co-operations can be ordered in four stages. The first three ones lead progressively to a multi-functions sensor. The last one is the deployment, on a given platform, of compact multi-functions sensors on a network basis. Another area of co-operation is the realization of R.F. functions that are currently provided by other devices using other antennas. A typical example is the implementation of data links using the Radar or the EWS.
{"title":"Radar and Electronic Warfare cooperation: How to improve the system efficiency?","authors":"S. Kemkemian, M. Nouvel-Fiani, E. Chamouard","doi":"10.1109/MAES.2011.5980607","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/MAES.2011.5980607","url":null,"abstract":"Up to now, combat aircrafts are fitted with Fire Control Radar (FCR), Electronic Warfare System (EWS), and some radio links. Each of these systems is dedicated to a particular task and the cooperation is reduced to a minimal exchange of information between them, so far. Major system performance enhancements are to be expected from close cooperations to each other sensors. The future co-operations can be ordered in four stages. The first three ones lead progressively to a multi-functions sensor. The last one is the deployment, on a given platform, of compact multi-functions sensors on a network basis. Another area of co-operation is the realization of R.F. functions that are currently provided by other devices using other antennas. A typical example is the implementation of data links using the Radar or the EWS.","PeriodicalId":125591,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"65 4-5","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2011-08-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"120915265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-06-24DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494534
M. Wingender, A. Benn
In advanced applications such as digital radar, Ultra Wide Bandwidth communications and software defined radio, the need for instantaneous bandwidth often drives system design decisions. Access to high speed data converters enabling up and down conversion directly in the L Band and S Band removes the limit imposed by bandwidth scarcity and allows the design of flexible and simplified system architectures. Broadband ADC's (Analogue to Digital Converters) are key enabling components which open up new design opportunities for digital Receiver systems. In this regard, this paper describes a new 10bit 3GS/s ADC with 5 GHz Bandwidth, based on a 200 GHz SiGeC bipolar Technology, which enables the direct digitizing of 1GHz arbitrary broadband waveforms directly in the high IF region closer to the Antenna (L-Band or S-Band).
{"title":"3 GS/s S-Band 10 Bit ADC on SiGeC Technology","authors":"M. Wingender, A. Benn","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494534","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494534","url":null,"abstract":"In advanced applications such as digital radar, Ultra Wide Bandwidth communications and software defined radio, the need for instantaneous bandwidth often drives system design decisions. Access to high speed data converters enabling up and down conversion directly in the L Band and S Band removes the limit imposed by bandwidth scarcity and allows the design of flexible and simplified system architectures. Broadband ADC's (Analogue to Digital Converters) are key enabling components which open up new design opportunities for digital Receiver systems. In this regard, this paper describes a new 10bit 3GS/s ADC with 5 GHz Bandwidth, based on a 200 GHz SiGeC bipolar Technology, which enables the direct digitizing of 1GHz arbitrary broadband waveforms directly in the high IF region closer to the Antenna (L-Band or S-Band).","PeriodicalId":125591,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"73 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-06-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130842029","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-10DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494584
J. Carretero-Moya, J. Gismero-Menoyo, A. Asensio-López, A. Blanco-del-Campo
Scan rate selection has a crucial impact on the performance of maritime surveillance systems. In this work, a sea clutter database has been used to obtain experimental insight on the trade-off between within-scan and scan-to-scan integration. This paper extends the previous empirical studies to the case of sub-meter range resolution Ka-band coherent sea-clutter data. Results show a clear performance improvement for faster scan rates provided that the number of coherently integrated samples is high enough.
{"title":"Scan rate selection for coherent high-resolution maritime surveillance radar: An experimental study","authors":"J. Carretero-Moya, J. Gismero-Menoyo, A. Asensio-López, A. Blanco-del-Campo","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494584","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494584","url":null,"abstract":"Scan rate selection has a crucial impact on the performance of maritime surveillance systems. In this work, a sea clutter database has been used to obtain experimental insight on the trade-off between within-scan and scan-to-scan integration. This paper extends the previous empirical studies to the case of sub-meter range resolution Ka-band coherent sea-clutter data. Results show a clear performance improvement for faster scan rates provided that the number of coherently integrated samples is high enough.","PeriodicalId":125591,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115440900","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-10DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494564
H. A. Harms, L. Davis, J. Palmer
This paper provides a detailed overview of Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal structure and the implications for passive radar systems that use these as illuminators of opportunity. In particular, we analyze the ambiguity function and make explicit its features in delay and Doppler in terms of the underlying structure of the DVB-T signal. Ambiguities will be managed via the development of a set of mismatched filter weights that will be applied to the reference signal prior to range-Doppler map formation. The development of the mis-matched filter is based on previous work with an extended improvement for ambiguity peak reduction a wider variety of DVB-T signals.
{"title":"Understanding the signal structure in DVB-T signals for passive radar detection","authors":"H. A. Harms, L. Davis, J. Palmer","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494564","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494564","url":null,"abstract":"This paper provides a detailed overview of Digital Video Broadcasting Terrestrial (DVB-T) signal structure and the implications for passive radar systems that use these as illuminators of opportunity. In particular, we analyze the ambiguity function and make explicit its features in delay and Doppler in terms of the underlying structure of the DVB-T signal. Ambiguities will be managed via the development of a set of mismatched filter weights that will be applied to the reference signal prior to range-Doppler map formation. The development of the mis-matched filter is based on previous work with an extended improvement for ambiguity peak reduction a wider variety of DVB-T signals.","PeriodicalId":125591,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124428737","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-10DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494619
Philippe Jaming
The first part of this note is based on a joint paper with A. Bonami and G. Garrigós [3] in which the phase retrieval problem for the Radar Ambiguity Function (i.e. the Radar Ambiguity Problem) has been tackled. In particular it was shown that for wide classes of signals, the radar ambiguity problem has a unique solution, up to trivial transformations. In the second part of this note, we report on ongoing work by the author where the radar ambiguity function is used as a tool to solve other phase retrieval problems.
{"title":"The phase retrieval problem for the Radar Ambiguity Function and vice versa","authors":"Philippe Jaming","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494619","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494619","url":null,"abstract":"The first part of this note is based on a joint paper with A. Bonami and G. Garrigós [3] in which the phase retrieval problem for the Radar Ambiguity Function (i.e. the Radar Ambiguity Problem) has been tackled. In particular it was shown that for wide classes of signals, the radar ambiguity problem has a unique solution, up to trivial transformations. In the second part of this note, we report on ongoing work by the author where the radar ambiguity function is used as a tool to solve other phase retrieval problems.","PeriodicalId":125591,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116885541","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-05-10DOI: 10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494587
Xiaolong Chen, J. Guan
On the basis of the detection and estimation model of multiple moving targets, a new algorithm based on wavelet packet transform (WPT) and fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) is proposed for weak moving targets detection in sea clutter. The multi-resolution property of WPT and the characteristic of good energy concentration on LFM signals in FRFT domain are combined together. At first, optimal wavelet tree is calculated using “minimum Shannon entropy” and threshold censored method is used to suppress sea clutter of different frequency bands. Then, take the absolute amplitude of signals after FRFT as test statistic and search for peaks in two dimensions with the threshold. Grading iterative method is used for parameter estimation with fast calculation speed and the shading problem between multiple targets is solved through “CLEAN” method. In the end, simulations with IPIX data indicate that the proposed algorithm has good performance of detecting low-observable moving targets in sea clutter.
{"title":"A fast FRFT based detection algorithm of multiple moving targets in sea clutter","authors":"Xiaolong Chen, J. Guan","doi":"10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494587","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/RADAR.2010.5494587","url":null,"abstract":"On the basis of the detection and estimation model of multiple moving targets, a new algorithm based on wavelet packet transform (WPT) and fractional Fourier transform (FRFT) is proposed for weak moving targets detection in sea clutter. The multi-resolution property of WPT and the characteristic of good energy concentration on LFM signals in FRFT domain are combined together. At first, optimal wavelet tree is calculated using “minimum Shannon entropy” and threshold censored method is used to suppress sea clutter of different frequency bands. Then, take the absolute amplitude of signals after FRFT as test statistic and search for peaks in two dimensions with the threshold. Grading iterative method is used for parameter estimation with fast calculation speed and the shading problem between multiple targets is solved through “CLEAN” method. In the end, simulations with IPIX data indicate that the proposed algorithm has good performance of detecting low-observable moving targets in sea clutter.","PeriodicalId":125591,"journal":{"name":"2010 IEEE Radar Conference","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-05-10","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127508524","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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