Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464782
P. H. da F Silva, E. E. C. Oliveira, Adaildo G d'Assunao
A multilayer perceptrons (MLP) artificial neural network (ANN) with one hidden layer and trained through the efficient resilient backpropagation (RPROP) algorithm is used for modeling quasi-fractal patch antennas. The design of the proposed antenna is based on the application of rectangular Koch fractal curve to the edges of a conventional microstrip inset-fed patch antenna. The electromagnetic (EM) characterization of the patch antennas was performed using the Ansoft DesignerTM software that uses the method of moments. A parametric analysis was developed as function of the dielectric substrate thickness and size of the quasi-fractal patch antennas. Considering the region of interest of the design parameters a representative EM-dataset was obtained to develop the MLP network model using the conventional EM-ANN neuromodeling technique. The MLP model is able to estimates the behavior of the antennas with very good accuracy and low computational cost. Good agreement is observed between simulated and measured results.
{"title":"Using a multilayer perceptrons for accurate modeling of quasi-fractal patch antennas","authors":"P. H. da F Silva, E. E. C. Oliveira, Adaildo G d'Assunao","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464782","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464782","url":null,"abstract":"A multilayer perceptrons (MLP) artificial neural network (ANN) with one hidden layer and trained through the efficient resilient backpropagation (RPROP) algorithm is used for modeling quasi-fractal patch antennas. The design of the proposed antenna is based on the application of rectangular Koch fractal curve to the edges of a conventional microstrip inset-fed patch antenna. The electromagnetic (EM) characterization of the patch antennas was performed using the Ansoft DesignerTM software that uses the method of moments. A parametric analysis was developed as function of the dielectric substrate thickness and size of the quasi-fractal patch antennas. Considering the region of interest of the design parameters a representative EM-dataset was obtained to develop the MLP network model using the conventional EM-ANN neuromodeling technique. The MLP model is able to estimates the behavior of the antennas with very good accuracy and low computational cost. Good agreement is observed between simulated and measured results.","PeriodicalId":125732,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131419514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464876
Q. Luo, H. Salgado, J. Pereira
This paper presents the design of a single feed multiband printed monopole antenna array using the 2nd generation of the Minkowski fractal geometry. The multiband operation is achieved by a suitable chosen of the size and iteration of the fractal geometry, which is optimized using the EM simulation tool Ansoft HFSS. During this work, it is found that adding a rectangular stub on the ground plane, the impedance match of the antenna can be improved with little influence on the original resonant frequencies. This finding has been confirmed by both simulation and measurement results. Meanwhile, the antenna array on a PDA size substrate was also designed and fabricated. The experimental results show that it can operate from 2.32 to 2.49 and from 5.1 to 5.88 GHz, which covers the required bands for IEEE 802.11a/b/g (2.41–2.48 GHz, 5.15–5.35 GHz and 5.725–5.875 GHz) applications. Measurements indicate that the maximum gain of this printed monopole array can reach 2.3 dBi at lower band and 5.6 dBi at upper band. The simulation results show that the radiation efficiency of this antenna array is 86% at 2.4 GHz, 82% at 5.2 GHz and 89% at 5.8 GHz.
{"title":"Printed fractal monopole antenna array for WLAN","authors":"Q. Luo, H. Salgado, J. Pereira","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464876","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464876","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents the design of a single feed multiband printed monopole antenna array using the 2nd generation of the Minkowski fractal geometry. The multiband operation is achieved by a suitable chosen of the size and iteration of the fractal geometry, which is optimized using the EM simulation tool Ansoft HFSS. During this work, it is found that adding a rectangular stub on the ground plane, the impedance match of the antenna can be improved with little influence on the original resonant frequencies. This finding has been confirmed by both simulation and measurement results. Meanwhile, the antenna array on a PDA size substrate was also designed and fabricated. The experimental results show that it can operate from 2.32 to 2.49 and from 5.1 to 5.88 GHz, which covers the required bands for IEEE 802.11a/b/g (2.41–2.48 GHz, 5.15–5.35 GHz and 5.725–5.875 GHz) applications. Measurements indicate that the maximum gain of this printed monopole array can reach 2.3 dBi at lower band and 5.6 dBi at upper band. The simulation results show that the radiation efficiency of this antenna array is 86% at 2.4 GHz, 82% at 5.2 GHz and 89% at 5.8 GHz.","PeriodicalId":125732,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"29 4","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114107400","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464642
Junying Liu, Yuming Song, Yaoyao Cui
This paper reports a compact internal monopole antenna on the novel organic magnetic material (OMM) for DVB-H applications (470–750 MHz) in a typical mobile handset with PWB dimension of 104mm × 60mm. With the usage of organic magnetic material, the total size of antenna is as small as 60mm (L) × 5.5mm (W) × 6mm (H), resulting in 17% size reduction. Compared with antenna on conventional PC/ABS carrier, wider bandwidth and better efficiency can be achieved, which meet the requirement of DVB-H standard with enough margins. These properties make the design as a good candidate for mobile TV applications.
{"title":"A compact internal antenna on organic magnetic material for DVB-H application","authors":"Junying Liu, Yuming Song, Yaoyao Cui","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464642","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464642","url":null,"abstract":"This paper reports a compact internal monopole antenna on the novel organic magnetic material (OMM) for DVB-H applications (470–750 MHz) in a typical mobile handset with PWB dimension of 104mm × 60mm. With the usage of organic magnetic material, the total size of antenna is as small as 60mm (L) × 5.5mm (W) × 6mm (H), resulting in 17% size reduction. Compared with antenna on conventional PC/ABS carrier, wider bandwidth and better efficiency can be achieved, which meet the requirement of DVB-H standard with enough margins. These properties make the design as a good candidate for mobile TV applications.","PeriodicalId":125732,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116020249","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464874
R. Tamas, L. Babour, A. Danisor, G. Caruntu
The single-antenna method consists of a virtual transmission between the antenna under test and its image in a conducting reflector. In a previous work we proposed a differential, time-domain single-antenna approach that was found suitable for measuring the impulse response of an ultra-wide band antenna. The approach provides accurate results within the far-field distance range. However, when measuring large ultra-wide band (UWB) antennas operating in the lower UWB frequency band for military applications, i.e., from 0.1 to 1 GHz the distance between the antenna and its image usually falls close to the lower limit of the Fraunhofer region. This paper presents an intermediate-field approach of the time-domain differential single antenna method, based on defining a normalized received signal that can be averaged over a set of distances. The proposed technique is established theoretically and validated experimentally on a cylindrical UWB monopole antenna.
{"title":"An intermediate-field approach of the differential time-domain single-antenna method for electrically large ultra-wide band antennas","authors":"R. Tamas, L. Babour, A. Danisor, G. Caruntu","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464874","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464874","url":null,"abstract":"The single-antenna method consists of a virtual transmission between the antenna under test and its image in a conducting reflector. In a previous work we proposed a differential, time-domain single-antenna approach that was found suitable for measuring the impulse response of an ultra-wide band antenna. The approach provides accurate results within the far-field distance range. However, when measuring large ultra-wide band (UWB) antennas operating in the lower UWB frequency band for military applications, i.e., from 0.1 to 1 GHz the distance between the antenna and its image usually falls close to the lower limit of the Fraunhofer region. This paper presents an intermediate-field approach of the time-domain differential single antenna method, based on defining a normalized received signal that can be averaged over a set of distances. The proposed technique is established theoretically and validated experimentally on a cylindrical UWB monopole antenna.","PeriodicalId":125732,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121933185","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464632
W. Chang, J. Y. Luo
Nowadays antennas operated in V-band receive more and more attention as communication technology develops. Progress in material engineering opens a wide window for high frequency applications. In this paper, a broadband folded dipole antenna array is first presented, which has a magnitude of S11 lower than −10 dB over the range between 48 GHz and 64 GHz, an efficiency of 90 percent and a gain of 10 dBi. A novel configuration with a superstrate and two separate grounds is taken for improving the performance. Flip-chip connection is used between the integrated circuit carrier and the antenna.attached to the superstrate.
{"title":"60-GHz broadband folded dipole array","authors":"W. Chang, J. Y. Luo","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464632","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464632","url":null,"abstract":"Nowadays antennas operated in V-band receive more and more attention as communication technology develops. Progress in material engineering opens a wide window for high frequency applications. In this paper, a broadband folded dipole antenna array is first presented, which has a magnitude of S11 lower than −10 dB over the range between 48 GHz and 64 GHz, an efficiency of 90 percent and a gain of 10 dBi. A novel configuration with a superstrate and two separate grounds is taken for improving the performance. Flip-chip connection is used between the integrated circuit carrier and the antenna.attached to the superstrate.","PeriodicalId":125732,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"114 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128174974","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464803
Y. Huang, Y. Lu, S. Boyes, H. Chattha, N. Khiabani
Over the past 10 years or so, many broadband and ultra-wideband antennas have been developed for broadband high data rate mobile communications. It is realized how to make efficient and accurate measurements for such antennas could be a challenging issue. In this paper, we examine the antenna efficiency measurement techniques which have been used up to now, and identify their advantages and disadvantages for broadband measurements. It is shown that the classic Wheeler cap method, which is the best for electrically small antennas, has a lot of attractive features even for broadband antenna measurements in terms of the cost and efficiency although the newly proposed reverberation chamber method may become a good alternative method. A “source stirred” method is proposed as a new approach for the broadband antenna efficiency measurement and its major advantages are cheap, convenient, and efficient. Both the experimental and numerical results are provided. It is shown that the loss due to the imperfection of the cavity can cause a serious problem for obtaining an accurate result. How to eliminate the effects of the cavity loss and improve the measurement accuracy for this method is an issue to be resolved.
{"title":"Wideband antenna efficiency measurements","authors":"Y. Huang, Y. Lu, S. Boyes, H. Chattha, N. Khiabani","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464803","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464803","url":null,"abstract":"Over the past 10 years or so, many broadband and ultra-wideband antennas have been developed for broadband high data rate mobile communications. It is realized how to make efficient and accurate measurements for such antennas could be a challenging issue. In this paper, we examine the antenna efficiency measurement techniques which have been used up to now, and identify their advantages and disadvantages for broadband measurements. It is shown that the classic Wheeler cap method, which is the best for electrically small antennas, has a lot of attractive features even for broadband antenna measurements in terms of the cost and efficiency although the newly proposed reverberation chamber method may become a good alternative method. A “source stirred” method is proposed as a new approach for the broadband antenna efficiency measurement and its major advantages are cheap, convenient, and efficient. Both the experimental and numerical results are provided. It is shown that the loss due to the imperfection of the cavity can cause a serious problem for obtaining an accurate result. How to eliminate the effects of the cavity loss and improve the measurement accuracy for this method is an issue to be resolved.","PeriodicalId":125732,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133047514","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464795
L. Durand, L. Duchesne, L. Foged
The use of probe array is a well established technology for spherical near field systems offering all the possibilities and accuracies of traditional single probe testing at a much faster speed [1–4]. Frequency ranges for probe arrays are from 75MHz to 18GHz and probes up to 40 GHz are currently under development.
{"title":"Electronically scanned arrays for fast testing of large antennas","authors":"L. Durand, L. Duchesne, L. Foged","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464795","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464795","url":null,"abstract":"The use of probe array is a well established technology for spherical near field systems offering all the possibilities and accuracies of traditional single probe testing at a much faster speed [1–4]. Frequency ranges for probe arrays are from 75MHz to 18GHz and probes up to 40 GHz are currently under development.","PeriodicalId":125732,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131584306","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464792
G. Vandenbosch, A. Vasylchenko, W. De Raedt
Within the framework of the European Network of Excellence on Antennas ACE, in 2005 the working group on software initiated a benchmarking action. At the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven this lead to a thorough investigation of six simulation tools, five well-known commercial ones and one in-house developed. They were confronted with each other for four different antennas. Two of these antennas can be considered “small antennas”. It is crucial to point out that all possible efforts have been done to guarantee the most optimal use of each of the software packages, to study in detail any discrepancies between the solvers, and to assess the remaining simulation challenges. The study clearly highlights the importance of understanding EM simulation principles and their inherent limitations.
{"title":"Benchmarking of software tools for small planar antenna analysis","authors":"G. Vandenbosch, A. Vasylchenko, W. De Raedt","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464792","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464792","url":null,"abstract":"Within the framework of the European Network of Excellence on Antennas ACE, in 2005 the working group on software initiated a benchmarking action. At the Katholieke Universiteit Leuven this lead to a thorough investigation of six simulation tools, five well-known commercial ones and one in-house developed. They were confronted with each other for four different antennas. Two of these antennas can be considered “small antennas”. It is crucial to point out that all possible efforts have been done to guarantee the most optimal use of each of the software packages, to study in detail any discrepancies between the solvers, and to assess the remaining simulation challenges. The study clearly highlights the importance of understanding EM simulation principles and their inherent limitations.","PeriodicalId":125732,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131729383","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464915
Lu Guo, Sheng Wang, Xiao-dong Chen, C. Parini
A time domain study of a small quasi-self-complementary UWB antenna is presented in this paper. A brief description of antenna geometry and its frequency domain performance are illustrated first. A comprehensive time domain investigation of the antenna is then conducted. It has been demonstrated that the small quasi-self-complementary UWB antenna generally exhibits a good performance in both the frequency and the time domain.
{"title":"A time domain study of a small quasi-self-complementary UWB antenna","authors":"Lu Guo, Sheng Wang, Xiao-dong Chen, C. Parini","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464915","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464915","url":null,"abstract":"A time domain study of a small quasi-self-complementary UWB antenna is presented in this paper. A brief description of antenna geometry and its frequency domain performance are illustrated first. A comprehensive time domain investigation of the antenna is then conducted. It has been demonstrated that the small quasi-self-complementary UWB antenna generally exhibits a good performance in both the frequency and the time domain.","PeriodicalId":125732,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129686705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2010-03-01DOI: 10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464783
Daisuke Usui, T. Arima, H. Kawai, K. Wake, Soichi Watanabe, T. Uno
The aim of this study is to develop an animal exposure system for investigating biological effects of local exposure to microwaves from mobile phones. Currently, new mobile communication systems using a 3.4 GHz band are being developed. In this paper, an exposure system using a rectangular loop antenna is proposed for investigating the biological effects of microwaves in the 3.4 GHz band. The proposed antenna has a simple structure and can be tuned to a resonant frequency between 3.3 and 3.8 GHz by changing the feed point. Numerical dosimetry result shows good locality for 2–4 week-old rat model.
{"title":"Development of tunable head local exposure system for rats using rectangular loop antenna in 3.4 GHz band","authors":"Daisuke Usui, T. Arima, H. Kawai, K. Wake, Soichi Watanabe, T. Uno","doi":"10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464783","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/IWAT.2010.5464783","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this study is to develop an animal exposure system for investigating biological effects of local exposure to microwaves from mobile phones. Currently, new mobile communication systems using a 3.4 GHz band are being developed. In this paper, an exposure system using a rectangular loop antenna is proposed for investigating the biological effects of microwaves in the 3.4 GHz band. The proposed antenna has a simple structure and can be tuned to a resonant frequency between 3.3 and 3.8 GHz by changing the feed point. Numerical dosimetry result shows good locality for 2–4 week-old rat model.","PeriodicalId":125732,"journal":{"name":"2010 International Workshop on Antenna Technology (iWAT)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2010-03-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127936904","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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