Pub Date : 2023-10-23DOI: 10.1007/s10343-023-00932-2
Ansaar Ahmed, Abdul Basir
{"title":"Impact of Cropping System and Planting Techniques On Soil Properties and Wheat Productivity Under Rainfed Condition","authors":"Ansaar Ahmed, Abdul Basir","doi":"10.1007/s10343-023-00932-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00932-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12580,"journal":{"name":"Gesunde Pflanzen","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135366484","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.1007/s10343-023-00943-z
Islam A. A. Ali, Soheir E. Hassan, Ahmed A. Abdelhafez, Mohammed Hewidy, Mohamed A. Nasser, Hani Saber Saudy, Karim M. Hassan, Ayman F. Abou-Hadid
Abstract Gerbera ( Gerbera jamesonii ) cv. Jaguar Yellow is an ornamental plant of the Asteraceae family. Ordinarily, farmers use expensive materials such as peat moss as a media substrate in gerbera production, in addition to application high nitrogen fertilizers. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess the yield and quality changes of gerbera flowers owing to utilizing environment-friendly inputs under unheated plastic greenhouse conditions for two seasons of 2017/18 and 2018/19. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates, each replicate involved 5 pots per treatment. For preparing the soil substrate mixtures, four substances were used which involved peat moss (P), sand (S), vermicompost (V), and compost (C). P + S, P + S + V and P + S + C were assembled whether with or without Azotobacter + Azospirillum as bio stimulant (Bio) addition to obtain six combinations. Results showed that P + S + V + Bio was the effective practice for enhancing gerbera plant height, leaf width, root weight plant plant-1 and leaves weight plant-1. Also, P + S + V + Bio produced the maximum values of leaf chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents. The differences in flowering initiation between P + S and each of P + S + V, P + S + V + Bio, P + S + C and P + S + C + Bio were not significant. P + S + V + Bio (for flowering duration and flower yield), in addition to P + S + V (for flowering duration) recorded the highest values in both seasons.
摘要非洲菊(Gerbera jamesonii);美洲虎黄是一种菊科观赏植物。通常，农民除了施用高氮肥料外，还使用昂贵的材料，如泥炭苔藓作为非洲菊生产的介质基质。因此，本研究旨在评估2017/18和2018/19两个季节在不加热塑料温室条件下使用环保型投入物对非洲菊花卉产量和质量的影响。试验采用完全随机区组设计，设3个重复，每个重复每次处理5个罐。采用泥炭藓(P)、沙(S)、蚯蚓堆肥(V)和堆肥(C) 4种物质制备基质混合物。在添加或不添加固氮菌+固氮螺旋菌作为生物刺激剂(bio)的情况下，对P + S、P + S + V和P + S + C进行组合，得到6种组合。结果表明，P + S + V + Bio是提高非洲菊株高、叶宽、根重plant-1和叶重plant-1的有效措施。P + S + V + Bio处理的叶片叶绿素、氮、磷、钾含量最高。P + S与P + S + V、P + S + V + Bio、P + S + C和P + S + C + Bio的开花启动率差异不显著。P + S + V + Bio(花期和产花量)和P + S + V(花期和产花量)在两个季节均最高。
{"title":"Modifying the Growing Media and Bio Stimulants Supply for Healthy Gerbera (Gerbera jamesonii) Flowers","authors":"Islam A. A. Ali, Soheir E. Hassan, Ahmed A. Abdelhafez, Mohammed Hewidy, Mohamed A. Nasser, Hani Saber Saudy, Karim M. Hassan, Ayman F. Abou-Hadid","doi":"10.1007/s10343-023-00943-z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00943-z","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Gerbera ( Gerbera jamesonii ) cv. Jaguar Yellow is an ornamental plant of the Asteraceae family. Ordinarily, farmers use expensive materials such as peat moss as a media substrate in gerbera production, in addition to application high nitrogen fertilizers. Therefore, the current study was designed to assess the yield and quality changes of gerbera flowers owing to utilizing environment-friendly inputs under unheated plastic greenhouse conditions for two seasons of 2017/18 and 2018/19. The experiments were laid out in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates, each replicate involved 5 pots per treatment. For preparing the soil substrate mixtures, four substances were used which involved peat moss (P), sand (S), vermicompost (V), and compost (C). P + S, P + S + V and P + S + C were assembled whether with or without Azotobacter + Azospirillum as bio stimulant (Bio) addition to obtain six combinations. Results showed that P + S + V + Bio was the effective practice for enhancing gerbera plant height, leaf width, root weight plant plant-1 and leaves weight plant-1. Also, P + S + V + Bio produced the maximum values of leaf chlorophyll, nitrogen, phosphorus, and potassium contents. The differences in flowering initiation between P + S and each of P + S + V, P + S + V + Bio, P + S + C and P + S + C + Bio were not significant. P + S + V + Bio (for flowering duration and flower yield), in addition to P + S + V (for flowering duration) recorded the highest values in both seasons.","PeriodicalId":12580,"journal":{"name":"Gesunde Pflanzen","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135618684","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-20DOI: 10.1007/s10343-023-00939-9
Fawzy F. Lasheen, Mohammed Hewidy, Ahmed N. Abdelhamid, Ramez S. Thabet, Mohamed M. M. Abass, Asmaa A. Fahmy, Hani S. Saudy, Karim M. Hassan
Abstract Improving the physiological status expressed in adjusting the osmolytes and nutrients balance of plant cell is a crucial matter for ameliorating the hazards of salinity. In this context, humic substances have a significant role for stimulating the plant tolerance to various stresses. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the importance of foliar spray of humic acid (0 and 150 mg L −1 ) for avoiding the effect of salt stress (0, 4000 and 8000 mg L −1 ) on vegetative growth of pittosporum plant, protein, proline, peroxidase activity and nutrient components related to salinity. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Results revealed that the highest vegetative growth was recorded with mg L −1 humic acid. While, salinity levels of 4000, and 8000 mg L −1 led to increases in protein, proline peroxidase activity, and chloride and sodium inions. Compared to humic acid-untreated plants, application of humic acid under salinity level of 4000 mg L −1 enhanced plant height, root fresh weight plant −1 , root dry weight plant −1 , shoot fresh weight plant −1 and shoot dry weight plant −1 by 12.6, 10.9, 17.7, 43.4, 19.4%, respectively, in the second season. Humic acid application under all salinity levels showed favorable effect for keeping leaves in both seasons, since fallen leaves number was reduced. The increases in potassium (K) content reached about 12.0 and 22.4% under 4000 mg L −1 and 8000 mg L −1 , respectively, owing to humic acid application. Protein, proline content and peroxidase activity showed the minimal values under humic acid × salinity level of 4000 mg L −1 . It could be concluded that application of humic mitigates the harmful effect of salinity and improves the vegetative growth parameters and physiological status of pittosporum plants while increases the uptake of beneficial nutrients.
{"title":"Exogenous Application of Humic Acid Mitigates Salinity Stress on Pittosporum (Pittosporum tobira) Plant by Adjusting the Osmolytes and Nutrient Homeostasis","authors":"Fawzy F. Lasheen, Mohammed Hewidy, Ahmed N. Abdelhamid, Ramez S. Thabet, Mohamed M. M. Abass, Asmaa A. Fahmy, Hani S. Saudy, Karim M. Hassan","doi":"10.1007/s10343-023-00939-9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00939-9","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Improving the physiological status expressed in adjusting the osmolytes and nutrients balance of plant cell is a crucial matter for ameliorating the hazards of salinity. In this context, humic substances have a significant role for stimulating the plant tolerance to various stresses. Therefore, the current study aimed to assess the importance of foliar spray of humic acid (0 and 150 mg L −1 ) for avoiding the effect of salt stress (0, 4000 and 8000 mg L −1 ) on vegetative growth of pittosporum plant, protein, proline, peroxidase activity and nutrient components related to salinity. The treatments were arranged in a randomized complete block design with 3 replicates. Results revealed that the highest vegetative growth was recorded with mg L −1 humic acid. While, salinity levels of 4000, and 8000 mg L −1 led to increases in protein, proline peroxidase activity, and chloride and sodium inions. Compared to humic acid-untreated plants, application of humic acid under salinity level of 4000 mg L −1 enhanced plant height, root fresh weight plant −1 , root dry weight plant −1 , shoot fresh weight plant −1 and shoot dry weight plant −1 by 12.6, 10.9, 17.7, 43.4, 19.4%, respectively, in the second season. Humic acid application under all salinity levels showed favorable effect for keeping leaves in both seasons, since fallen leaves number was reduced. The increases in potassium (K) content reached about 12.0 and 22.4% under 4000 mg L −1 and 8000 mg L −1 , respectively, owing to humic acid application. Protein, proline content and peroxidase activity showed the minimal values under humic acid × salinity level of 4000 mg L −1 . It could be concluded that application of humic mitigates the harmful effect of salinity and improves the vegetative growth parameters and physiological status of pittosporum plants while increases the uptake of beneficial nutrients.","PeriodicalId":12580,"journal":{"name":"Gesunde Pflanzen","volume":"31 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135569968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1007/s10343-023-00937-x
Yakup Çıkılı
{"title":"Assess to Alleviating Effect of Salicylate On Boron Stress in Nigella damascena by Utilizing Biplot Analysis","authors":"Yakup Çıkılı","doi":"10.1007/s10343-023-00937-x","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00937-x","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12580,"journal":{"name":"Gesunde Pflanzen","volume":"61 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730628","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-19DOI: 10.1007/s10343-023-00940-2
Eve Runno-Paurson, Erkki Mäeorg, Olavi Kurina, Erki Õunap, Astrid Kännaste, Ülo Niinemets, Peeter Lääniste
Abstract Industrial hemp cultivation restarted in Estonia in mid 2000s and the hemp cultivation area has increased very fast in recent years, but it is unknown to what extent hemp productivity can be curbed by widespread crop pests. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and damage of hemp pests in northern field conditions. A field trial with the hemp cultivars ‘Finola’ (2021) and ‘Estica’ (2022) was established in Central Estonia (58° N, 26° E), and the plants were grown with different fertilizer types (complex fertilizer, ammonium nitrate), fertilization methods (at sowing/top dressing) and nitrogen rates (0–200 kg ha −1 ) and their effect on the European corn borer (ECB, Ostrinia nubilalis ) damage was assessed. The O. nubilalis infestation increased with every observation date throughout the seasons until the harvest. The O. nubilalis damage was overall greater in 2022 than in 2021, and the seed yield reduction reached to 120 kg ha −1 in 2022, indicating progressive increase in O. nubilalis damage. Fertilization rate strongly increased biomass and seed yields, but weakly reduced O. nubilalis infection. Estonia is one of the most important hemp-cultivation areas in Europe, and in northern conditions, the crop was previously considered to be relatively pest-free. The northward movement of crop infection by O. nubilalis implies that future hemp cultivation might need integrated O. nubilalis control practices adapted to site-specific agro-climatic conditions.
爱沙尼亚于2000年代中期重新开始工业大麻种植，近年来大麻种植面积增长非常快，但目前尚不清楚广泛存在的作物害虫对大麻生产力的影响程度。因此，本研究的主要目的是评价北方大田条件下大麻害虫的存在和危害。在爱沙尼亚中部(58°N, 26°E)建立了大麻品种“Finola”(2021)和“Estica”(2022)的田间试验，并在不同的肥料类型(复合肥料、硝酸铵)、施肥方法(播种/施肥)和施氮量(0-200 kg ha - 1)下种植，并评估了它们对欧洲玉米螟(ECB, Ostrinia nubilalis)危害的影响。在整个季节，直到收获季节，随着每个观测日期的增加，nubilalis侵染增加。与2021年相比，2022年毛茛的总体危害更大，种子产量减少120 kg ha - 1，表明毛茛的危害在逐步增加。施肥量显著提高了毛蚶生物量和种子产量，但较弱地降低了毛蚶侵染率。爱沙尼亚是欧洲最重要的大麻种植区之一，在北部的条件下，这种作物以前被认为是相对无害的。北移的麻属植物感染表明，未来的大麻种植可能需要综合的麻属植物控制措施，以适应特定的农业气候条件。
{"title":"Widespread Occurrence of European Corn Borer (Ostrinia nubilalis) and Damage of Industrial Hemp (Cannabis sativa) Crop in Northern Europe","authors":"Eve Runno-Paurson, Erkki Mäeorg, Olavi Kurina, Erki Õunap, Astrid Kännaste, Ülo Niinemets, Peeter Lääniste","doi":"10.1007/s10343-023-00940-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00940-2","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Industrial hemp cultivation restarted in Estonia in mid 2000s and the hemp cultivation area has increased very fast in recent years, but it is unknown to what extent hemp productivity can be curbed by widespread crop pests. Thus, the main aim of this study was to evaluate the presence and damage of hemp pests in northern field conditions. A field trial with the hemp cultivars ‘Finola’ (2021) and ‘Estica’ (2022) was established in Central Estonia (58° N, 26° E), and the plants were grown with different fertilizer types (complex fertilizer, ammonium nitrate), fertilization methods (at sowing/top dressing) and nitrogen rates (0–200 kg ha −1 ) and their effect on the European corn borer (ECB, Ostrinia nubilalis ) damage was assessed. The O. nubilalis infestation increased with every observation date throughout the seasons until the harvest. The O. nubilalis damage was overall greater in 2022 than in 2021, and the seed yield reduction reached to 120 kg ha −1 in 2022, indicating progressive increase in O. nubilalis damage. Fertilization rate strongly increased biomass and seed yields, but weakly reduced O. nubilalis infection. Estonia is one of the most important hemp-cultivation areas in Europe, and in northern conditions, the crop was previously considered to be relatively pest-free. The northward movement of crop infection by O. nubilalis implies that future hemp cultivation might need integrated O. nubilalis control practices adapted to site-specific agro-climatic conditions.","PeriodicalId":12580,"journal":{"name":"Gesunde Pflanzen","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135730180","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Improvement of Physiological Indices and Sweet Corn Performance by Sowing Methods and Wheat Residue Mulching Under Two Irrigation Regimes","authors":"Nasrin Niknam, Hooshang Farajee, Mohsen Movahhedi Dehnavi, Alireza Yadavi","doi":"10.1007/s10343-023-00922-4","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00922-4","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12580,"journal":{"name":"Gesunde Pflanzen","volume":"38 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136033399","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-17DOI: 10.1007/s10343-023-00936-y
Mohamed Y. Hashem, Sayeda S. Ahmed, Shimaa S. H. Khalil, Asmaa B. El-Attar, Karima F. Abdelgawad
Abstract Medicinal and spices plants are crucial, and they can become infested by several insects, such as drugstore beetle ( Stegobium paniceum l. ) and the cigarette beetle ( Lasioderma serricorne ), during storage. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effect of enriched modified atmospheres (MAs), with CO 2 or N 2 , on L. serricorne and S. paniceum adults and larvae and their effect on quality of chamomile flowers and coriander seeds during storage. Various carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas concentrations were tested, including 40% CO 2 , 50% CO 2 , 60% CO 2 , 97% N 2 , and 98% N 2 . The larval mortality for S. paniceum reached 100% after 6 days of 60% CO 2 and 8 days for the L. serricorne . At 98% N 2 treatment, the complete mortality (100%) of S. paniceum and L. serricorne adults was recorded following 3 and 9 day exposures and of larvae following 10 day exposure. The quality parameters (weight loss percentage, germination, essential oil percentage, and color) of chamomile flower and coriander seeds treated with 60% CO 2 and control were studied after 3 and 6 months of storage. The MAs had the lowest weight loss percentage, the highest lightness value, the lowest color changes, and the highest essential oil content of chamomile flower and coriander seeds compared with the control treatment. Additionally, the MAs induced a higher germination percentage of coriander seeds compared with the control. Treatment with CO 2 increased some essential oils compounds, compared with control after 6 months of storage of chamomile. All compounds were decreased in coriander seeds treated with CO 2 , except for carvone and anethole, which were increased. In conclusion, our study recommends using MAs to control S. paniceum and L. serricorne during storage and maintain the quality of chamomile flower and coriander seed.
{"title":"Application of Modified Atmospheres to Control Stegobium paniceum and Lasioderma serricorne Infestation of Stored Chamomile and Coriander and Its Effect On Product Quality","authors":"Mohamed Y. Hashem, Sayeda S. Ahmed, Shimaa S. H. Khalil, Asmaa B. El-Attar, Karima F. Abdelgawad","doi":"10.1007/s10343-023-00936-y","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10343-023-00936-y","url":null,"abstract":"Abstract Medicinal and spices plants are crucial, and they can become infested by several insects, such as drugstore beetle ( Stegobium paniceum l. ) and the cigarette beetle ( Lasioderma serricorne ), during storage. Therefore, the present study aimed to assess the effect of enriched modified atmospheres (MAs), with CO 2 or N 2 , on L. serricorne and S. paniceum adults and larvae and their effect on quality of chamomile flowers and coriander seeds during storage. Various carbon dioxide and nitrogen gas concentrations were tested, including 40% CO 2 , 50% CO 2 , 60% CO 2 , 97% N 2 , and 98% N 2 . The larval mortality for S. paniceum reached 100% after 6 days of 60% CO 2 and 8 days for the L. serricorne . At 98% N 2 treatment, the complete mortality (100%) of S. paniceum and L. serricorne adults was recorded following 3 and 9 day exposures and of larvae following 10 day exposure. The quality parameters (weight loss percentage, germination, essential oil percentage, and color) of chamomile flower and coriander seeds treated with 60% CO 2 and control were studied after 3 and 6 months of storage. The MAs had the lowest weight loss percentage, the highest lightness value, the lowest color changes, and the highest essential oil content of chamomile flower and coriander seeds compared with the control treatment. Additionally, the MAs induced a higher germination percentage of coriander seeds compared with the control. Treatment with CO 2 increased some essential oils compounds, compared with control after 6 months of storage of chamomile. All compounds were decreased in coriander seeds treated with CO 2 , except for carvone and anethole, which were increased. In conclusion, our study recommends using MAs to control S. paniceum and L. serricorne during storage and maintain the quality of chamomile flower and coriander seed.","PeriodicalId":12580,"journal":{"name":"Gesunde Pflanzen","volume":"14 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136033526","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"农林科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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