Pub Date : 1998-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.1998.674677
R. Alonso
In this talk we describe an ongoing effort at Sarnoff Corporation to develop distance learning and collaboration tools as part of a large scale project on Web-based education. We will describe the goals of the project and the current tasks under way. We will also describe some of the tools being created, concentrating specially on Cartopapher, a novel distance leaming tool now under development. Cartographer has several interesting features, including: helping the teacher organize Web-based courses; providing the student with a dynamic course map that is m&ed and augmented as the student progresses through the course; and providing teacher feedback on student progress and leaming behavior.
{"title":"A Web-based Approach To Distance Learning And Student Collaboration","authors":"R. Alonso","doi":"10.1109/ITAB.1998.674677","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674677","url":null,"abstract":"In this talk we describe an ongoing effort at Sarnoff Corporation to develop distance learning and collaboration tools as part of a large scale project on Web-based education. We will describe the goals of the project and the current tasks under way. We will also describe some of the tools being created, concentrating specially on Cartopapher, a novel distance leaming tool now under development. Cartographer has several interesting features, including: helping the teacher organize Web-based courses; providing the student with a dynamic course map that is m&ed and augmented as the student progresses through the course; and providing teacher feedback on student progress and leaming behavior.","PeriodicalId":126564,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB '98 (Cat. No.98EX188)","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129479065","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.1998.674695
J. Finkelstein, M. Cabrera, G. Hripcsak
We developed a Web based system for ambulatory monitoring of pulmonary function and tested it in a home setting in 14 asthma patients. The system uses a portable spirometer for patient self testing and a palmtop computer that transmits the results from patients' homes to a hospital information system via phone or wireless network. The results are immediately available to physicians on a Web site, accessible via an Internet Web browser from any location. The system provides daily monitoring of 29 indices of Forced Vital Capacity test (FVC), the flow-volume loop and symptom scores. It generates alerts based on changes in data trends and exchanges messages between patients and physicians. All patients successfully uploaded their FVC data including the flow-volume loop and symptom scores from their homes to our central repository. The flow-volume loop and FVC parameters provided a more accurate assessment of the patients' asthma, and uncovered previously unrecognized nocturnal asthma and small airway obstruction. We believe our approach will be useful for asthma management on a day-to-day basis and in clinical research.
{"title":"Web-based monitoring of asthma severity: a new approach to ambulatory management","authors":"J. Finkelstein, M. Cabrera, G. Hripcsak","doi":"10.1109/ITAB.1998.674695","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674695","url":null,"abstract":"We developed a Web based system for ambulatory monitoring of pulmonary function and tested it in a home setting in 14 asthma patients. The system uses a portable spirometer for patient self testing and a palmtop computer that transmits the results from patients' homes to a hospital information system via phone or wireless network. The results are immediately available to physicians on a Web site, accessible via an Internet Web browser from any location. The system provides daily monitoring of 29 indices of Forced Vital Capacity test (FVC), the flow-volume loop and symptom scores. It generates alerts based on changes in data trends and exchanges messages between patients and physicians. All patients successfully uploaded their FVC data including the flow-volume loop and symptom scores from their homes to our central repository. The flow-volume loop and FVC parameters provided a more accurate assessment of the patients' asthma, and uncovered previously unrecognized nocturnal asthma and small airway obstruction. We believe our approach will be useful for asthma management on a day-to-day basis and in clinical research.","PeriodicalId":126564,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB '98 (Cat. No.98EX188)","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117284297","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.1998.674662
R.K. Andrew, B. Stewart, S. Langer, K. Stegbauer
Future developments in teleradiology hinge on the delivery of real or near real-time images, sometimes across less than optimal bandwidth communication channels. Ultrasound, to achieve its greatest diagnostic value, needs to transmit not just still images but video as well. A significant amount of compression, however, may be required to achieve near real-time video across limited bandwidths. This will inevitably result in degraded video quality. A variety of compression algorithms are in widespread use including H.261, H.323, JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group), MPEG (Motion Picture Expert Group) and most recently wavelets. We have developed a suite of tools to evaluate each of these methods, and to identify potential areas where wavelet compression may have an advantage. In this particular study, we compare motion wavelet compression to motion JPEG compression using the standard correlation coefficient and the normalized mean squared error, and found the motion wavelet technique slightly better.
{"title":"Wavelet compression of ultrasound video streams for teleradiology","authors":"R.K. Andrew, B. Stewart, S. Langer, K. Stegbauer","doi":"10.1109/ITAB.1998.674662","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674662","url":null,"abstract":"Future developments in teleradiology hinge on the delivery of real or near real-time images, sometimes across less than optimal bandwidth communication channels. Ultrasound, to achieve its greatest diagnostic value, needs to transmit not just still images but video as well. A significant amount of compression, however, may be required to achieve near real-time video across limited bandwidths. This will inevitably result in degraded video quality. A variety of compression algorithms are in widespread use including H.261, H.323, JPEG (Joint Photographic Experts Group), MPEG (Motion Picture Expert Group) and most recently wavelets. We have developed a suite of tools to evaluate each of these methods, and to identify potential areas where wavelet compression may have an advantage. In this particular study, we compare motion wavelet compression to motion JPEG compression using the standard correlation coefficient and the normalized mean squared error, and found the motion wavelet technique slightly better.","PeriodicalId":126564,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB '98 (Cat. No.98EX188)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123116202","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.1998.674682
P. Brett
At the University of Bristol., research on Mechatronics has focused on the control of contact between machines and non-rigid materials. The research has focused on this field over the last decade in automating applications in industrial sectors such as handling and cutting operations in the Aerospace, and Food processing and preparation. The work was initiated through recognition that most products are indeed nonrigid and that the extent to which automation could be applied was limited by the availability of appropriate technologies. In paaicular the requirements for new sensing, and actuation methods were identified. These needed integration with software programs for interpretation of state of the ControUed medium and for selection and implementation of controlled strategies. Many o f the tasks in the processing of non-rigid mediums can be identified as skilled tasks. These require both p igment and dexterity appropriate to the task Over the last 8 years the studies have focused on the precision control of tools with respect to soft and deforming tissues in medicine and surgery where similar requirements also apply. Both automated and tele-operated machines for surgery have been devised that incorporate novel sensing and actuation techniques. This paper focuses on two example mechatronic devices that have been devised in medicine and surgery. One to control tool progress in flexible tissue and the second to control contact over surfaces. The examples relate to precision microdrillkg a delicate flexible bone tissue with control of break-out and a method for controlling a flexible actuator in contact with a flexible tissue surface. This can be used for remote palpation. The schemes used for the interpretation of sensory data information and the resulting machine performance are described and will illustrate how machines can be devised to interpret complex state with respect to soft mediums, by using low-cost sensory schemes with an emphasis on simplicity and reliability. The design of the user interface for mechatronic devices in Medicine and Surgery is regarded as an important function that needs the carefid control of information. Mechatronic tools can provide a wealth of infannation to aid the perception of conditions at the working site. Investigations, at Bristol are Considering a COmbiDation of haptic and visual stimulus in the feedback to the surgeon operator in the control of mechatronic tools.
{"title":"Mechatronics Devices In Medicine And Surgery","authors":"P. Brett","doi":"10.1109/ITAB.1998.674682","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674682","url":null,"abstract":"At the University of Bristol., research on Mechatronics has focused on the control of contact between machines and non-rigid materials. The research has focused on this field over the last decade in automating applications in industrial sectors such as handling and cutting operations in the Aerospace, and Food processing and preparation. The work was initiated through recognition that most products are indeed nonrigid and that the extent to which automation could be applied was limited by the availability of appropriate technologies. In paaicular the requirements for new sensing, and actuation methods were identified. These needed integration with software programs for interpretation of state of the ControUed medium and for selection and implementation of controlled strategies. Many o f the tasks in the processing of non-rigid mediums can be identified as skilled tasks. These require both p igment and dexterity appropriate to the task Over the last 8 years the studies have focused on the precision control of tools with respect to soft and deforming tissues in medicine and surgery where similar requirements also apply. Both automated and tele-operated machines for surgery have been devised that incorporate novel sensing and actuation techniques. This paper focuses on two example mechatronic devices that have been devised in medicine and surgery. One to control tool progress in flexible tissue and the second to control contact over surfaces. The examples relate to precision microdrillkg a delicate flexible bone tissue with control of break-out and a method for controlling a flexible actuator in contact with a flexible tissue surface. This can be used for remote palpation. The schemes used for the interpretation of sensory data information and the resulting machine performance are described and will illustrate how machines can be devised to interpret complex state with respect to soft mediums, by using low-cost sensory schemes with an emphasis on simplicity and reliability. The design of the user interface for mechatronic devices in Medicine and Surgery is regarded as an important function that needs the carefid control of information. Mechatronic tools can provide a wealth of infannation to aid the perception of conditions at the working site. Investigations, at Bristol are Considering a COmbiDation of haptic and visual stimulus in the feedback to the surgeon operator in the control of mechatronic tools.","PeriodicalId":126564,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB '98 (Cat. No.98EX188)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122511968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.1998.674696
R. Summers, A.P. Cloke, D. Nurse, J. Kay
The discharge communications between the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, and its referring General Practitioner's (GPs) in the community are investigated. These documents are known by a variety of names. To prevent confusion two descriptors are introduced: the immediate discharge document (IDD), and full discharge document (FDD). From a survey of different Hospital Units, four patterns of workflow are identified. A common IDD that meets the majority of the needs of the GP is suggested; this will also allow for a distributed computerized solution to improve workflow processes. Initial results do indicate an increase in efficiency and effectiveness of hospital discharge communications due to the technocentric intervention.
{"title":"Workflow models of hospital discharge communications","authors":"R. Summers, A.P. Cloke, D. Nurse, J. Kay","doi":"10.1109/ITAB.1998.674696","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674696","url":null,"abstract":"The discharge communications between the John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, and its referring General Practitioner's (GPs) in the community are investigated. These documents are known by a variety of names. To prevent confusion two descriptors are introduced: the immediate discharge document (IDD), and full discharge document (FDD). From a survey of different Hospital Units, four patterns of workflow are identified. A common IDD that meets the majority of the needs of the GP is suggested; this will also allow for a distributed computerized solution to improve workflow processes. Initial results do indicate an increase in efficiency and effectiveness of hospital discharge communications due to the technocentric intervention.","PeriodicalId":126564,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB '98 (Cat. No.98EX188)","volume":"3 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126688455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.1998.674689
H. Lemke
Biomedical image computing is advancing rapidly as a result of fundamental new developments in many areas of informatics. Enabling technologies, such as digital imaging, multimedia, virtual reality, broadband communications, the World Wide Web, computational intelligence and others are destined to profoundly change medicine. The impact on healthcare is still unimaginable. New imaging tools fundamentally effect the way physicians will carry out their diagnostic and therapeutic activities. Some key telematic technologies which need to be considered when assessing the impact on image guided medicine are: direct digital radiography, special processors for application-specific PCs, flat panel displays, 3D computer graphics technology, and Internet and intranet technologies. Considering that information systems are multi layered (there may be more than 10 hardware and software layers), the relatively low level technologies produce bottom-up ripple effects to the top application level, for example in radiology and surgery or healthcare generally. A few examples are presented.
{"title":"Impact of telematic technologies on image-guided medicine","authors":"H. Lemke","doi":"10.1109/ITAB.1998.674689","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674689","url":null,"abstract":"Biomedical image computing is advancing rapidly as a result of fundamental new developments in many areas of informatics. Enabling technologies, such as digital imaging, multimedia, virtual reality, broadband communications, the World Wide Web, computational intelligence and others are destined to profoundly change medicine. The impact on healthcare is still unimaginable. New imaging tools fundamentally effect the way physicians will carry out their diagnostic and therapeutic activities. Some key telematic technologies which need to be considered when assessing the impact on image guided medicine are: direct digital radiography, special processors for application-specific PCs, flat panel displays, 3D computer graphics technology, and Internet and intranet technologies. Considering that information systems are multi layered (there may be more than 10 hardware and software layers), the relatively low level technologies produce bottom-up ripple effects to the top application level, for example in radiology and surgery or healthcare generally. A few examples are presented.","PeriodicalId":126564,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB '98 (Cat. No.98EX188)","volume":"430 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131570797","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.1998.674686
N. P. Reddy, V. Gupta, A. Das, R. Unnikrishnan, G. Song, D. Simcox, H.P. Reddy, S.K. Sukthankar, E. P. Canilang
We have developed computerized biofeedback systems for treating dysphagic patients. These systems provide real time audiovisual feedback of patient performance. Key parameters extracted from the patient data are fed to a database system. The computerized biofeedback systems facilitate telemedical and teletherapy applications. Patent applications are being pursued.
{"title":"Computerized biofeedback systems for treating dysphagic patients for traditional and teletherapy applications","authors":"N. P. Reddy, V. Gupta, A. Das, R. Unnikrishnan, G. Song, D. Simcox, H.P. Reddy, S.K. Sukthankar, E. P. Canilang","doi":"10.1109/ITAB.1998.674686","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674686","url":null,"abstract":"We have developed computerized biofeedback systems for treating dysphagic patients. These systems provide real time audiovisual feedback of patient performance. Key parameters extracted from the patient data are fed to a database system. The computerized biofeedback systems facilitate telemedical and teletherapy applications. Patent applications are being pursued.","PeriodicalId":126564,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB '98 (Cat. No.98EX188)","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129289115","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.1998.674666
M. LaVenture, L. Gatewood
Our challenge and opportunity is to achieve an unprecedented information linkage between public health and private providers to electronically exchange "just in time" community-based prevention information. This includes both real-time capture of relevant clinical data and delivery of "just-in-time" prevention guidelines to providers during clinical encounters. An enhanced public health information system infrastructure is critical to achieving this level of prevention.
{"title":"Prevention Will Rely On Delivery Of \"just In Time\" Information","authors":"M. LaVenture, L. Gatewood","doi":"10.1109/ITAB.1998.674666","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674666","url":null,"abstract":"Our challenge and opportunity is to achieve an unprecedented information linkage between public health and private providers to electronically exchange \"just in time\" community-based prevention information. This includes both real-time capture of relevant clinical data and delivery of \"just-in-time\" prevention guidelines to providers during clinical encounters. An enhanced public health information system infrastructure is critical to achieving this level of prevention.","PeriodicalId":126564,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB '98 (Cat. No.98EX188)","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123148005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.1998.674670
M. Anderson, E. Micheli-Tzanakou
An automated system to optimize auditory stimuli based on neuronal response feedback has been developed. The ALOPEX (algorithm of pattern extraction) algorithm uses responses recorded from auditory neurons as feedback to optimize sound stimuli. This computer based system works in real time to iteratively find the optimal combination of tones for the neurons being studied. Fuzzy logic is used to classify extracellular neuronal responses for investigation of connectivity. Normalized tones used to excite the auditory neurons are produced by a Yamaha (YMF262) FM-chip on board a Sound Blaster 16 card. The response and stimuli are captured by a Dataq (DI-300F) high speed analog and digital I/O board. Results from the frog (Rana Pipien) auditory system showed that the setup is able to converge within 100 iterations. The system dynamics and reliability were also tested with the response computed as a parabolic function of frequency. A companion demonstration that uses the parabolic equation to simulate response has been developed and is presented as a demo.
{"title":"High performance feedback system for auditory stimulus optimization","authors":"M. Anderson, E. Micheli-Tzanakou","doi":"10.1109/ITAB.1998.674670","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674670","url":null,"abstract":"An automated system to optimize auditory stimuli based on neuronal response feedback has been developed. The ALOPEX (algorithm of pattern extraction) algorithm uses responses recorded from auditory neurons as feedback to optimize sound stimuli. This computer based system works in real time to iteratively find the optimal combination of tones for the neurons being studied. Fuzzy logic is used to classify extracellular neuronal responses for investigation of connectivity. Normalized tones used to excite the auditory neurons are produced by a Yamaha (YMF262) FM-chip on board a Sound Blaster 16 card. The response and stimuli are captured by a Dataq (DI-300F) high speed analog and digital I/O board. Results from the frog (Rana Pipien) auditory system showed that the setup is able to converge within 100 iterations. The system dynamics and reliability were also tested with the response computed as a parabolic function of frequency. A companion demonstration that uses the parabolic equation to simulate response has been developed and is presented as a demo.","PeriodicalId":126564,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB '98 (Cat. No.98EX188)","volume":"55 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126861011","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1998-05-16DOI: 10.1109/ITAB.1998.674668
N. Thakor
Supercomputers have greatly influenced the studies of biological cells and cellular networks. Electrophysiological properties of the cells are now known in great detail. Therefore, computer models are constructed to simulate the electrical activity of single heart cells and networks of coupled heart cells. These simulations are used to mimic the rhythms of the heart, including arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation (VF). Computer simulations require very large scale computational resources, with parallel or vector architectures offering distinct benefits in terms of the ease of coding the algorithms and in terms of computational performance. Three models, one implemented on a personal computer, the second on a Connection Machine and the third on a Cray C90, are reported. The computer simulations reveal the mechanism of generation of VF-like rhythms in the form of wavelets and spiral waves and suggest novel strategies for terminating these arrhythmias.
{"title":"Computer models of the heart: from single beat to fatal arrhythmias","authors":"N. Thakor","doi":"10.1109/ITAB.1998.674668","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ITAB.1998.674668","url":null,"abstract":"Supercomputers have greatly influenced the studies of biological cells and cellular networks. Electrophysiological properties of the cells are now known in great detail. Therefore, computer models are constructed to simulate the electrical activity of single heart cells and networks of coupled heart cells. These simulations are used to mimic the rhythms of the heart, including arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation (VF). Computer simulations require very large scale computational resources, with parallel or vector architectures offering distinct benefits in terms of the ease of coding the algorithms and in terms of computational performance. Three models, one implemented on a personal computer, the second on a Connection Machine and the third on a Cray C90, are reported. The computer simulations reveal the mechanism of generation of VF-like rhythms in the form of wavelets and spiral waves and suggest novel strategies for terminating these arrhythmias.","PeriodicalId":126564,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings. 1998 IEEE International Conference on Information Technology Applications in Biomedicine, ITAB '98 (Cat. No.98EX188)","volume":"44 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1998-05-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117276329","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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