Introduction: According to Spielberger, state anxiety refers to “the subjective emotional state characterized by tension and nervousness as a result of the present situation.” Workplace harassment in the health sector is a real problem. Aim: The main aim of this study was to examine the existence of state anxiety and phenomena of workrelated harassment. Methodology: An investigation was carried out in the area of Crete between August 2017 and January 2018 in fourteen Health Centers, two Primary National Health Networks, four Emergency Department, eleven Intensive Care Units. The study involved 213 nurses. The Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Unit 1, state anxiety) has been used. Results: The 45.5% of the total sample of the participants work in Intensive Care Units (ICU), the 24.9% in Emergency Departments (ED) and the 29.6% in Primary Care Units. The average age of the participants was 41.73 (±7.33). The reliability of State - Trait Anxiety Inventory (Unit 1, state anxiety) by Cronbach α was 0.895. The mean value of state anxiety was 40.82 for the total study sample. They were exposed to at least one mobbing behavior in the past 12 months, and for at least once a week, almost daily or daily and for at least 6 months the 11.3% of the total sample. Comparing the mean values οf the variable “structure” to the occurrence of state anxiety, the following results were obtained: ICU: state anxiety 41.74, ED: state anxiety 38.57. Primary Care: state anxiety 41.81. In particular, the higher values of state anxiety appear in the ED. There is α statistically significant result with state anxiety (Sig. (2-tailed) > 0,05 between age, marital status, and educational level. Regarding the total years of working the nursing personnel in the present department and the gender, there is α statistically significant result (Sig. (2-tailed) < 0,05) with state anxiety. From the total sample of the survey found that 24 people were exposed to at least one harassment behavior in the last 12 months and at least once a week and for at least 6 months. These 24 persons had a mean state anxiety of 47.50. Conclusions: The evaluation of the results shows that the nursing personnel of the total sample face state anxiety with mild intensity. Nurses who have been harassed have state anxiety with moderate intensity. It is necessary the education of nursing personnel in managing anxiety symptoms.
{"title":"State anxiety and workplace harassment among nursing personnel","authors":"M. Maniou, S. Zyga","doi":"10.24283/hjns.202222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24283/hjns.202222","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: According to Spielberger, state anxiety refers to “the subjective emotional state characterized by tension and nervousness as a result of the present situation.” Workplace harassment in the health sector is a real problem. Aim: The main aim of this study was to examine the existence of state anxiety and phenomena of workrelated harassment. Methodology: An investigation was carried out in the area of Crete between August 2017 and January 2018 in fourteen Health Centers, two Primary National Health Networks, four Emergency Department, eleven Intensive Care Units. The study involved 213 nurses. The Leymann Inventory of Psychological Terror and the State-Trait Anxiety Inventory (Unit 1, state anxiety) has been used. Results: The 45.5% of the total sample of the participants work in Intensive Care Units (ICU), the 24.9% in Emergency Departments (ED) and the 29.6% in Primary Care Units. The average age of the participants was 41.73 (±7.33). The reliability of State - Trait Anxiety Inventory (Unit 1, state anxiety) by Cronbach α was 0.895. The mean value of state anxiety was 40.82 for the total study sample. They were exposed to at least one mobbing behavior in the past 12 months, and for at least once a week, almost daily or daily and for at least 6 months the 11.3% of the total sample. Comparing the mean values οf the variable “structure” to the occurrence of state anxiety, the following results were obtained: ICU: state anxiety 41.74, ED: state anxiety 38.57. Primary Care: state anxiety 41.81. In particular, the higher values of state anxiety appear in the ED. There is α statistically significant result with state anxiety (Sig. (2-tailed) > 0,05 between age, marital status, and educational level. Regarding the total years of working the nursing personnel in the present department and the gender, there is α statistically significant result (Sig. (2-tailed) < 0,05) with state anxiety. From the total sample of the survey found that 24 people were exposed to at least one harassment behavior in the last 12 months and at least once a week and for at least 6 months. These 24 persons had a mean state anxiety of 47.50. Conclusions: The evaluation of the results shows that the nursing personnel of the total sample face state anxiety with mild intensity. Nurses who have been harassed have state anxiety with moderate intensity. It is necessary the education of nursing personnel in managing anxiety symptoms.","PeriodicalId":126636,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Journal of Nursing Science","volume":"49 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127678630","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Depressed individuals usually rate their health more poorly than non-depressed ones. Aim: Because little is known regarding the correspondence between the scales used to measure self-rated health in patients with depression, the objective of this study is to determine the cut-off points of the Visual Analogue scale that indicate bad, moderate and good health for patients with depression. Methods: For the purpose of this study, data from a Panhellenic cross-sectional survey were used. The survey was conducted in 2017 and used stratified random sampling. The study focused on 71 patients with depression. The respondents were asked to rate their health on a 5-point Likert scale and in a Visual Analogue scale. In order to determine the cut-off points of the Visual Analogue scale, an ordinal logistic model was applied. The dependent variable was the Likert scale and the independent variable was the Visual Analogue scale. In addition, a multinomial logistic model was applied and the 33.3rd and 66.6th percentiles of the Visual Analogue scale were calculated. Results: According to the ordinal logistic regression model, the cut-off points of the Visual Analogue scale are 24 and 76. In addition, according to the multinomial logistic regression model, the cut-off points are 21 and 77. The cut-off points that correspond to the 33.3rd and 66.6th percentiles of the Visual Analogue scale are 50 and 70, respectively. Finally, the Gwet’s AC2s of the regression methods were found to be significantly higher than the percentiles’ method. Conclusions: The results of this study confirm international bibliography in the sense that depression is positively related to poor perception of health. Because the cut-off point of poor health, which is based on the percentiles method, is relatively high, we argue that the percentiles method is inappropriate. This conclusion is also derived from the Gwet’s AC2s’ comparison.
{"title":"Determining the Cut-Off Points of the Self-Rated Health Visual Analogue Scale for Patients with Depression in Greece","authors":"D. Zavras","doi":"10.24283/hjns.202223","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24283/hjns.202223","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Depressed individuals usually rate their health more poorly than non-depressed ones.\u0000Aim: Because little is known regarding the correspondence between the scales used to measure self-rated health in patients with depression, the objective of this study is to determine the cut-off points of the Visual Analogue scale that indicate bad, moderate and good health for patients with depression.\u0000Methods: For the purpose of this study, data from a Panhellenic cross-sectional survey were used. The survey was conducted in 2017 and used stratified random sampling. The study focused on 71 patients with depression. The respondents were asked to rate their health on a 5-point Likert scale and in a Visual Analogue scale. In order to determine the cut-off points of the Visual Analogue scale, an ordinal logistic model was applied. The dependent variable was the Likert scale and the independent variable was the Visual Analogue scale. In addition, a multinomial logistic model was applied and the 33.3rd and 66.6th percentiles of the Visual Analogue scale were calculated.\u0000Results: According to the ordinal logistic regression model, the cut-off points of the Visual Analogue scale are 24 and 76. In addition, according to the multinomial logistic regression model, the cut-off points are 21 and 77. The cut-off points that correspond to the 33.3rd and 66.6th percentiles of the Visual Analogue scale are 50 and 70, respectively. Finally, the Gwet’s AC2s of the regression methods were found to be significantly higher than the percentiles’ method.\u0000Conclusions: The results of this study confirm international bibliography in the sense that depression is positively related to poor perception of health. Because the cut-off point of poor health, which is based on the percentiles method, is relatively high, we argue that the percentiles method is inappropriate. This conclusion is also derived from the Gwet’s AC2s’ comparison.","PeriodicalId":126636,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Journal of Nursing Science","volume":"36 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123253218","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nursing assessment is the first step, of the nursing process in planning a documented, excellent nursing care, for the patient. It includes the assessment of health status, problem recognition, needs and risk factors for the health of the patient. A fundamental element of assessment, is the collection of data achieved, through various strategies, most importantly the acquisition/taking a/ of a nursing history. The purpose of this article is to introduce the process of the medical history acquisition, as an integral part of nursing assessment, describing nurses’ communication skills, in effectively receiving and recording data. The history taking, achieved by developing interpersonal communication nurse - patient, with special skills in verbal and nonverbal communication of nurses. With behavior that manifest understanding acceptance and positive attitude, facilitate data collection, contributing to the planning of nursing interventions and the positive outcome of treatment problems. The Essentials, of a complete health history, with biographical data include: the Main symptomata, previous health history, current lifestyle, psychosocial status, psychiatric history and work environment, history of drug and sexual health, family history and evidence from the review of systems. The ability to collect a complete nursing history and physical examination, enhance critical thinking nurses, to solve the problems of the patient and improve the relationship between them, giving the opportunity for immediate and long-term care planning, implemented in the holistic perspective approach of the person.
{"title":"Nursing history as a fundamental element of nursing assessment and nurses’ communication skills in effectively taking a nursing history","authors":"Theodora Malamou, Vasiliki Plevri, Stavroula Kalami","doi":"10.24283/hjns.202224","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24283/hjns.202224","url":null,"abstract":"Nursing assessment is the first step, of the nursing process in planning a documented, excellent nursing care, for the patient. It includes the assessment of health status, problem recognition, needs and risk factors for the health of the patient. A fundamental element of assessment, is the collection of data achieved, through various strategies, most importantly the acquisition/taking a/ of a nursing history. The purpose of this article is to introduce the process of the medical history acquisition, as an integral part of nursing assessment, describing nurses’ communication skills, in effectively receiving and recording data. The history taking, achieved by developing interpersonal communication nurse - patient, with special skills in verbal and nonverbal communication of nurses. With behavior that manifest understanding acceptance and positive attitude, facilitate data collection, contributing to the planning of nursing interventions and the positive outcome of treatment problems. The Essentials, of a complete health history, with biographical data include: the Main symptomata, previous health history, current lifestyle, psychosocial status, psychiatric history and work\u0000environment, history of drug and sexual health, family history and evidence from the review of systems. The ability to collect a complete nursing history and physical examination, enhance critical thinking nurses, to solve the problems of the patient and improve the relationship between them, giving the opportunity for immediate and long-term care planning, implemented in the holistic perspective approach of the person.","PeriodicalId":126636,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Journal of Nursing Science","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126386213","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Assessing patient satisfaction is an important, constructive and substantial effort to highlight the quality of services provided. Material and Method: A synchronous study was performed. The sample of the study consisted of 150 users of Primary Health Care services. The selection of patients was done by the method of random sampling. A weighted and structured questionnaire was used to conduct the research. Descriptive and inductive statistical analysis was performed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS22. Results: High percentages of positive satisfaction are shown by the cleanliness of the waiting room (74.6%), the cleanliness of the examination area (85.2%), the courtesy of the staff (78.8%), the handling procedures of the secretariat (73, 9%) and easy access (51.2%) to health structures. High percentages of dissatisfaction are presented by the narrowness of the waiting area (69%), the insufficient marking of the spaces (63.3%) and the difficulty of finding a weighting position (51.2%). Conclusions: The results of the above study reinforce the bibliographic data and highlight as important factors for the satisfaction of the users of the primary health care structures the easy access, the cleanliness and the ergonomics of the premises as well as the good communication with the staff.
{"title":"Evaluation of the factors related to the satisfaction of the users from the provided Primary Health Care services in structures of the Attica Basin","authors":"A. Vasilopoulos, Evaggelia Kouliaki Kouliaki","doi":"10.24283/hjns.202213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24283/hjns.202213","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Assessing patient satisfaction is an important, constructive and substantial effort to highlight the quality of services provided.\u0000Material and Method: A synchronous study was performed. The sample of the study consisted of 150 users of Primary Health Care services. The selection of patients was done by the method of random sampling. A weighted and structured questionnaire was used to conduct the research. Descriptive and inductive statistical analysis was performed with the Statistical Package for Social Sciences SPSS22.\u0000Results: High percentages of positive satisfaction are shown by the cleanliness of the waiting room (74.6%), the cleanliness of the examination area (85.2%), the courtesy of the staff (78.8%), the handling procedures of the secretariat (73, 9%) and easy access (51.2%) to health structures. High percentages of dissatisfaction are presented by the narrowness of the waiting area (69%), the insufficient marking of the spaces (63.3%) and the difficulty of finding a weighting position (51.2%).\u0000Conclusions: The results of the above study reinforce the bibliographic data and highlight as important factors for the satisfaction of the users of the primary health care structures the easy access, the cleanliness and the ergonomics of the premises as well as the good communication with the staff.","PeriodicalId":126636,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Journal of Nursing Science","volume":"83 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123930694","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Nikolaos Bakalis, I. Molos, Izaoura Papa, Christiana Papakyriakou, Anastasios Genalis
Introduction: Stress is a normal reaction of the body to daily stressful events that usually leads to Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Although Greece and Cyprus dispose common cultural elements, there are economic and social differences that affect the daily lives of citizens. Aims: To identify and compare the stress levels in citizens of Greece and Cyprus in order to evaluate whether and to what extent these levels are influenced by the daily socio-economic circumstances of each country. Methodology: The Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used which has been used and evaluated in Greek language. The questionnaire composed of 40 statements, which measure the emotional state of the participant at the time of filling in the questionnaire-state anxiety (20 statements), as well as the emotional state of the person in general-trait anxiety (20 statements). The sample (n = 450) were citizens from Greece (nG = 276) and Cyprus (nC = 174). The statistical package SPSS 25 was used to analyze the data with a level of statistical significance p <0.05. Results: In Greece and Cyprus, citizens have moderate state anxiety (score 50 and 42 respectively). Regarding trait anxiety, Greek citizens had a moderate level (score 46), while Cypriots had a low level (score 36). It is worth noting that women experience both of these emotions to a lesser extent than men (p <0.05), Greeks experience permanent stress to a greater level than Cypriots (p <0.05), while married people experience more state anxiety compared to single (p <0.05). Conclusions: The present research found that citizens in both countries experienced a psychological depression mood. In particular, it was observed that Greeks experience less intense feelings such as rest, security and calm due to the fact that Greece was faced with such conditions for much longer time than Cypriot’s citizens.
{"title":"Comparative study measuring anxiety in citizens between Greece and Cyprus","authors":"Nikolaos Bakalis, I. Molos, Izaoura Papa, Christiana Papakyriakou, Anastasios Genalis","doi":"10.24283/hjns.202211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24283/hjns.202211","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Stress is a normal reaction of the body to daily stressful events that usually leads to Generalized Anxiety Disorder (GAD). Although Greece and Cyprus dispose common cultural elements, there are economic and social differences that affect the daily lives of citizens.\u0000Aims: To identify and compare the stress levels in citizens of Greece and Cyprus in order to evaluate whether and to what extent these levels are influenced by the daily socio-economic circumstances of each country.\u0000Methodology: The Spielberger State Trait Anxiety Inventory (STAI) was used which has been used and evaluated in Greek language. The questionnaire composed of 40 statements, which measure the emotional state of the participant at the time of filling in the questionnaire-state anxiety (20 statements), as well as the emotional state of the person in general-trait anxiety (20 statements). The sample (n = 450) were citizens\u0000from Greece (nG = 276) and Cyprus (nC = 174). The statistical package SPSS 25 was used to analyze the data with a level of statistical significance p <0.05.\u0000Results: In Greece and Cyprus, citizens have moderate state anxiety (score 50 and 42 respectively). Regarding trait anxiety, Greek citizens had a moderate level (score 46), while Cypriots had a low level (score 36). It is worth noting that women experience both of these emotions to a lesser extent than men (p <0.05), Greeks experience permanent stress to a greater level than Cypriots (p <0.05), while married people experience\u0000more state anxiety compared to single (p <0.05).\u0000Conclusions: The present research found that citizens in both countries experienced a psychological depression mood. In particular, it was observed that Greeks experience less intense feelings such as rest, security and calm due to the fact that Greece was faced with such conditions for much longer time than Cypriot’s citizens.","PeriodicalId":126636,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Journal of Nursing Science","volume":"252 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131651215","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Konstantina Gamvrili, Anastasia Pantelidaki, Afroditi Staraki, P. Kolovos
Introduction: Hip fractures constitute a painful and unpleasant situation which is more common in the elderly population. The relevant literature revealed that the management of the care of patients with hip fracture remains a major concern for the global scientific community, as it is related with a variety of socio-economic and psychosocial consequences. The purpose of this systematic review was the investigation of patient participation in their care after a hip fracture surgery. Methods: The search strategy of the literature was conducted in the data bases Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar. Results: The main issues the patients faced and prohibit their participation in the rehabilitation phase were pain, fear of a new fall, postoperative complications, negative emotions, ineffective cooperation with staff, unrealistic expectations and difficulty in accessing a physiotherapist. On the contrary, positive attitude and support of the health professionals, community care services, adequate information, positive patient disposition, daily exercise and access to a physiotherapist were factors that facilitated the care rehabilitation, as well as the process of their participation. Conclusions: Emphasis should be placed on active involvement of the patients in their care, as there is evidence that it is correlated with a positive effect on health outcomes during rehabilitation. These findings could be used to encourage greater participation according to patients’ preferences and needs, while highlight the need for changes in health care organizations and for further research.
{"title":"Patient participation in care after hip fracture surgery: A systematic review","authors":"Konstantina Gamvrili, Anastasia Pantelidaki, Afroditi Staraki, P. Kolovos","doi":"10.24283/hjns.202214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24283/hjns.202214","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Hip fractures constitute a painful and unpleasant situation which is more common in the elderly population. The relevant literature revealed that the management of the care of patients with hip fracture remains a major concern for the global scientific community, as it is related with a variety of socio-economic and psychosocial consequences. The purpose of this systematic review was the investigation of patient\u0000participation in their care after a hip fracture surgery.\u0000Methods: The search strategy of the literature was conducted in the data bases Pubmed/Medline, Scopus, Science Direct and Google Scholar.\u0000Results: The main issues the patients faced and prohibit their participation in the rehabilitation phase were pain, fear of a new fall, postoperative complications, negative emotions, ineffective cooperation with staff, unrealistic expectations and difficulty in accessing a physiotherapist. On the contrary, positive attitude and support of the health professionals, community care services, adequate information, positive patient\u0000disposition, daily exercise and access to a physiotherapist were factors that facilitated the care rehabilitation, as well as the process of their participation.\u0000Conclusions: Emphasis should be placed on active involvement of the patients in their care, as there is evidence that it is correlated with a positive effect on health outcomes during rehabilitation. These findings could be used to encourage greater participation according to patients’ preferences and needs, while highlight the need for changes in health care organizations and for further research.","PeriodicalId":126636,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Journal of Nursing Science","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133858976","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
QT interval reflects the duration of action potential of myocardial cells. Its prolongation in electrocardiogram is related to risk of torsades de pointes (TdP), a form of polymorphous ventricular tachycardia, and sudden cardiac death, which is one of the main causes of early mortality in psychiatric patients. The fact that only a proportion of patients with drug-induced QT prolongation manifest TdP or die shows that QT prolongation alone is not the perfect biological predictive marker of arrhythmia manifestation. Yet, it continues to be useful but needs to be combined with other known risk factors. This paper is a narrative review based on search in reference books and in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases using the terms [Torsades de pointes OR QT prolongation] AND [Psychotropic drugs OR antipsychotics OR antidepressants]. Its aim is to present basic knowledge about the pathophysiology of TdP arrhythmia and QT prolongation and their relationship with psychotropic drugs. TdP is a relatively slow-rate tachycardia and, in some cases, may stop abruptly without manifestation of clinical symptoms. The diagnosis is based on electrocardiographic findings, the symptoms are similar to those of any tachyarrhythmia and they are related to heart rate and its effects on arterial pressure and cardiac work. QT interval prolongation and TdP result from structural and functional disorders of ion channels and related proteins which are implicated in the process of ventricular repolarization. Psychotropic drugs are commonly used not only in psychiatric patients but in many patients with somatic disease as well. They can affect transmission of electrical impulses from sinus node to ventricular myocardium in various ways and most of its classes prolong QT interval in therapeutic doses or in cases of intoxication. Thus, their careful administration and monitoring of patients, especially hospitalized ones, are of vital importance. More data is available concerning the effects of antipsychotic and antidepressant medication. Among the first group, first generation, classical antipsychotics, especially the lower potency drugs, are considered to carry greater risk. Caution should be exercised when administering thioridazine, haloperidol, pimozide, sertindole and ziprasidone. Among antidepressants, caution is warranted when administering tricyclic antidepressants, citalopram and escitalopram. Among the other psychotropics, much information is available about methadone.
{"title":"QT interval prolongation, torsades de pointes and psychotropic medication","authors":"T. Kyziridis","doi":"10.24283/hjns.202215","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24283/hjns.202215","url":null,"abstract":"QT interval reflects the duration of action potential of myocardial cells. Its prolongation in electrocardiogram is related to risk of torsades de pointes (TdP), a form of polymorphous ventricular tachycardia, and sudden cardiac death, which is one of the main causes of early mortality in psychiatric patients. The fact that only a proportion of patients with drug-induced QT prolongation manifest TdP or die shows that QT prolongation alone is not the perfect biological predictive marker of arrhythmia manifestation. Yet, it continues to be useful but needs to be combined with other known risk factors. This paper is a narrative review based on search in reference books and in PubMed and ScienceDirect databases using the terms [Torsades de pointes OR QT prolongation] AND [Psychotropic drugs OR antipsychotics OR antidepressants]. Its aim is to present basic knowledge about the pathophysiology of TdP arrhythmia and QT prolongation and their relationship with psychotropic drugs. TdP is a relatively slow-rate tachycardia and, in some cases, may stop abruptly without manifestation of clinical symptoms. The diagnosis is based on electrocardiographic findings, the symptoms are similar to those of any tachyarrhythmia and they are related to heart rate and its effects on arterial pressure and cardiac work. QT interval prolongation and TdP result from structural and functional disorders of ion channels and related proteins which are implicated in the process of ventricular repolarization. Psychotropic drugs are commonly used not only in psychiatric patients but in many patients with somatic disease as well. They can affect transmission of electrical impulses from sinus node to ventricular myocardium in various ways and most of its classes prolong QT interval in therapeutic doses or in cases of intoxication. Thus, their careful administration and monitoring of patients, especially hospitalized ones, are of vital importance.\u0000More data is available concerning the effects of antipsychotic and antidepressant medication. Among the first group, first generation, classical antipsychotics, especially the lower potency drugs, are considered to carry greater risk. Caution should be exercised when administering thioridazine, haloperidol, pimozide, sertindole and ziprasidone. Among antidepressants, caution is warranted when administering tricyclic\u0000antidepressants, citalopram and escitalopram. Among the other psychotropics, much information is available about methadone.","PeriodicalId":126636,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Journal of Nursing Science","volume":"33 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134389766","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction: Introduction: A large number of studies have reported mild to moderate cognitive deficits in patients with Type II Diabetes, compared to the healthy population. Objective: In this study, we compared the cognitive functions of Greek patients with DM II, with a demographically equal group of normal subjects. We researched the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients that affect their cognitive function as well as their quality of life. Material and method: The participants were 44 patients diagnosed with DM II and 28 healthy people. Both the diagnosed and the healthy group were evaluated with a comprehensive array of neuropsychological tests. Beck’s Depression Scale and the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life questionnaire were used. Results: Diagnosed participants differed significantly from healthy ones in the fields of episodic memory, verbal fluency, active memory, mental speed of processing information and executive function. Regression analysis showed that HbA1C levels, the interaction of age, education and predisposed mental potential explain high rates of fluctuations in cognitive dysfunctions. It was found that patients with severe cognitive deficits had a lower quality of life. Conclusions: Cognitive impairment can be considered a significant complication in patients with Type II Diabetes. Informing a diabetic patient about the strong possibility of cognitive dysfunction manifestation and investigating the clinical significance and implications of cognitive disorders in daily functioning and quality of life for diabetic patients, is of major importance.
{"title":"Comparative study of cognitive functions in patients with Diabetes Mellitus Type II: Correlation with clinical and demographic factors","authors":"C. Marneras","doi":"10.24283/hjns.202212","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24283/hjns.202212","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction: Introduction: A large number of studies have reported mild to moderate cognitive deficits in patients with Type II Diabetes, compared to the healthy population.\u0000Objective: In this study, we compared the cognitive functions of Greek patients with DM II, with a demographically equal group of normal subjects. We researched the demographic and clinical characteristics of the patients that affect their cognitive function as well as their quality of life.\u0000Material and method: The participants were 44 patients diagnosed with DM II and 28 healthy people. Both the diagnosed and the healthy group were evaluated with a comprehensive array of neuropsychological tests. Beck’s Depression Scale and the WHOQOL-BREF quality of life questionnaire were used.\u0000Results: Diagnosed participants differed significantly from healthy ones in the fields of episodic memory, verbal fluency, active memory, mental speed of processing information and executive function. Regression analysis showed that HbA1C levels, the interaction of age, education and predisposed mental potential explain high rates of fluctuations in cognitive dysfunctions. It was found that patients with severe cognitive deficits had a lower quality of life.\u0000Conclusions: Cognitive impairment can be considered a significant complication in patients with Type II Diabetes. Informing a diabetic patient about the strong possibility of cognitive dysfunction manifestation and investigating the clinical significance and implications of cognitive disorders in daily functioning and quality of life for diabetic patients, is of major importance.","PeriodicalId":126636,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Journal of Nursing Science","volume":"77 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117213016","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
A basic requirement for the proper functioning of the social system is to allow the whole population to have equal access on health care. In fact, an unequal distribution is noticed when it comes to health but also disease, with socioeconomic determinants affecting both. Unemployment, inability to access health services, living in inappropriate buildings, unhealthy eating habits, low quality of life and social exclusion are some of these factors. Social inequalities, especially those related to chronic diseases, impose a heavy burden on health care system and have adverse effects on patients. The recent pandemic has amplified existing health inequities. Although it is something that affects the entire population, people of lower socioeconomic statuses are expected to record high morbidity and mortality rates. The pandemic demonstrated the need for the state to take the necessary measures and take coordinated action in order to reduce inequalities and protect the most vulnerable groups of the population. The results of these actions will prove to be useful with similar cases in the long run. The purpose of this study is to analyze the socio-economic determinants of health, how to address the morbidity and mortality rates of Covid-19 and to demonstrate the social inequalities, with a focus on chronic diseases. Finally, it aims to present the measures that should be taken by health systems in order to alleviate inequalities in morbidity and mortality rates caused by this new pandemic.
{"title":"The coronavirus pandemic and the creation of social inequalities","authors":"Eleni I Konstantinidou, E. Lykoudi","doi":"10.24283/hjns.202216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24283/hjns.202216","url":null,"abstract":"A basic requirement for the proper functioning of the social system is to allow the whole population to have equal access on health care. In fact, an unequal distribution is noticed when it comes to health but also disease, with socioeconomic determinants affecting both. Unemployment, inability to access health services, living in inappropriate buildings, unhealthy eating habits, low quality of life and social exclusion are some\u0000of these factors. Social inequalities, especially those related to chronic diseases, impose a heavy burden on health care system and have adverse effects on patients. The recent pandemic has amplified existing health inequities. Although it is something that affects the entire population, people of lower socioeconomic statuses are expected to record high morbidity and mortality rates. The pandemic demonstrated the need for the state to take the necessary measures and take coordinated action in order to reduce inequalities and protect the most vulnerable groups of the population. The results of these actions will prove to be useful with similar cases in the long run. The purpose of this study is to analyze the socio-economic determinants of health, how to address the morbidity and mortality rates of Covid-19 and to demonstrate the social inequalities, with a focus on chronic diseases. Finally, it aims to present the measures that should be taken by health systems in order to alleviate inequalities in morbidity and mortality rates caused by this new pandemic.","PeriodicalId":126636,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Journal of Nursing Science","volume":"101 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2022-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126898455","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The debate about sexuality, a key parameter of the quality of lifeof older people in the aging process, has undoubtedly matured in recent years, due to the problems that older people face in this regard. The aim of the present review is the theoretical approach, both of the changes that take place in the physiology of sexual function of elderly people and of the factors and situations that are blamed for the occurrence of these dysfunctions. For the writing of this review, a systematic approach was used to search and identify all recently published literature (articles, studies and reviews) related το the factors that cause Sexual Dysfunctions in Elderly, through the scientific databases Pub Med, Academia.Edu, Research Gate. Pathophysiological and anatomical changes, organic and psychological problems, which occur over time, negatively affect the frequency of sexual intercourse, sexual desire and in general the sexuality of older people. Older men, on the one hand, have mainly problems with erectile dysfunction, problematic ejaculation and decreased sexual desire, while women, on the other hand, mainly due to menopause, which causes hormonal, physical and mental changes, mainly show reduced sexual desire and stimulation, insufficiency of vaginal lubrication and dyspareunia. Older people have a variety of health problems that have a negative effect on their sexual activity, while each gender is faced with specific problems, medical, pharmaceutical and psychosocial reasons, which negatively affect their sex life
近年来，由于老年人在这方面面临的问题，关于性的争论无疑已经成熟，性是老龄化过程中老年人生活质量的一个关键参数。本综述的目的是理论方法，既发生在老年人性功能生理的变化，并归咎于这些功能障碍的发生的因素和情况。为了撰写这篇综述，我们采用了系统的方法，通过科学数据库Pub Med, Academia检索和识别所有最近发表的与导致老年人性功能障碍因素相关的文献(文章、研究和评论)。Edu, Research Gate。随着时间的推移而发生的病理生理和解剖变化、器官和心理问题对老年人的性交频率、性欲和一般的性行为产生不利影响。老年男性一方面主要表现为勃起功能障碍、射精问题、性欲下降等问题，而女性一方面主要是由于更年期引起的激素、生理和心理变化，主要表现为性欲和刺激减少、阴道润滑不足、性交困难。老年人有各种各样的健康问题，这些问题对他们的性活动产生不利影响，而每个性别都面临着具体的问题、医疗、药物和社会心理原因，这些问题对他们的性生活产生不利影响
{"title":"Sexuality and the elderly: factors implicated in\u0000sexual dysfunctions in the elderly","authors":"Theodosios Kokkios, Foteini Kolentsi","doi":"10.24283/hjns.202141","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.24283/hjns.202141","url":null,"abstract":"The debate about sexuality, a key parameter of the quality of lifeof older people in the aging process, has undoubtedly matured in recent years, due to the problems that older people face in this regard. The aim of the present review is the theoretical approach, both of the changes that take place in the physiology of sexual function of elderly people and of the factors and situations that are blamed for the occurrence of these dysfunctions. For the writing of this review, a systematic approach was used to search and identify all recently published literature (articles, studies and reviews) related το the factors that cause Sexual Dysfunctions in Elderly, through the scientific databases Pub Med, Academia.Edu, Research Gate. Pathophysiological and anatomical changes, organic and psychological problems, which occur over time, negatively affect the frequency of sexual intercourse, sexual desire and in general the sexuality of older people. Older men, on the one hand, have mainly problems with erectile dysfunction,\u0000problematic ejaculation and decreased sexual desire, while women, on the other hand, mainly due to menopause, which causes hormonal, physical and mental changes, mainly show reduced sexual desire and stimulation, insufficiency of vaginal lubrication and dyspareunia. Older people have a variety of health problems that have a negative effect on their sexual activity, while each gender is faced with specific problems, medical, pharmaceutical and psychosocial reasons, which negatively affect their sex\u0000life","PeriodicalId":126636,"journal":{"name":"Hellenic Journal of Nursing Science","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126453975","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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