At the ending of XIX and at the beginning of XXI, one the most important fact was a great turning of point in the history of Country. This fact has rised a lot of questions, XXI C is the informational epoch, but some questions are still questions and unanswered. History is about murder of a distinguished public person, Ilia Chavchavadze. The fatal shooting happened 1907, 30 august, which has caused a great change for Georgian people. There are many writings, theses about this fact, but history overestimates it in different ways. modern writers such as: Zurab Gurumidze, lasha imedashvili, lasha bugadze and aka morchiladze, passed us postmodernist interpretation of the 60 s distinguished people. Writing is tradition, every new generation is inheritor of every previous generation. the attitude style and form of the issues are changing. Modern Outhors express the past with different forms and styles. History is the determinant of the modern writing, It is connective of the future. Ancient past, facts and histories are interesting issues for us and also for modern writers.
{"title":"The last day of Ilia Chvachavadze (interpret of postmodernizm)","authors":"Sopiko Dzneladze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.65","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.65","url":null,"abstract":"At the ending of XIX and at the beginning of XXI, one the most important fact was a great turning of point in the history of Country. This fact has rised a lot of questions, XXI C is the informational epoch, but some questions are still questions and unanswered. History is about murder of a distinguished public person, Ilia Chavchavadze. The fatal shooting happened 1907, 30 august, which has caused a great change for Georgian people. There are many writings, theses about this fact, but history overestimates it in different ways. modern writers such as: Zurab Gurumidze, lasha imedashvili, lasha bugadze and aka morchiladze, passed us postmodernist interpretation of the 60 s distinguished people. Writing is tradition, every new generation is inheritor of every previous generation. the attitude style and form of the issues are changing. Modern Outhors express the past with different forms and styles. History is the determinant of the modern writing, It is connective of the future. Ancient past, facts and histories are interesting issues for us and also for modern writers.  ","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"140 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135095887","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"A Typological Analysis of “Beowulf’ and “Knight in the Panther’s Skin”","authors":"Koba Tsurtsumia, Nino Giorgadze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.66","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.66","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"43 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135142706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Determining the role and place of small business in the national economy has always been an area of interest for scientific research. Numerous scientific and practical studies have been dedicated to examining its significance within the nation's economy, most of which encompass the role of small businesses in the economy, their beneficial impacts, and the potential avenues for influence, including government support measures. Although the state has undertaken a number of important projects in the direction of stimulating small business and active work is still being carried out in this regard, it is preferable to enhance the efficiency of utilizing existing resources. In our research, we studied the principal aspects of state support measures for small businesses in Georgia, examining them from both institutional and financial perspectives. We conducted an analysis and evaluation from the author's perspective. The research showed that the recent measures taken by the government are based on world best practices and should ensure the development of small entrepreneurship in the country. Despite the positive effects obtained by the implementation of the projects, we believe that this is insufficient and it is possible to achieve further outcomes with the existing support programs (with financial resources), even in the short term. To facilitate this, it is essential to examine the readiness of small businesses to efficiently utilize state-offered projects. It is crucial to assess whether there are instances of ineffective or misguided utilization of financial assistance, as well as to gauge their perspective on the future prospects of similar initiatives. Additionally, exploring the directions they perceive as promising for funding and support is crucial. Throughout the research, we carefully selected a focus group comprising entrepreneurs from diverse business sectors, including both those based in the capital and those in regional areas. Our aim was to investigate the level of awareness among small businesses regarding state support measures, their extent of participation, preferred areas for future project implementation, and their preferences for assistance and support. Through an in-depth qualitative research approach, we gathered primary information and came to solid conclusions and offered practical recommendations based on our research findings. These findings highlight the necessary changes, encompassing both financial and institutional perspectives to optimize state support measures for small businesses.
{"title":"Directions for optimization of state support for Small Businesses in Georgia","authors":"Valeri Mosiashvili","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.69","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.69","url":null,"abstract":"Determining the role and place of small business in the national economy has always been an area of interest for scientific research. Numerous scientific and practical studies have been dedicated to examining its significance within the nation's economy, most of which encompass the role of small businesses in the economy, their beneficial impacts, and the potential avenues for influence, including government support measures. Although the state has undertaken a number of important projects in the direction of stimulating small business and active work is still being carried out in this regard, it is preferable to enhance the efficiency of utilizing existing resources. In our research, we studied the principal aspects of state support measures for small businesses in Georgia, examining them from both institutional and financial perspectives. We conducted an analysis and evaluation from the author's perspective. The research showed that the recent measures taken by the government are based on world best practices and should ensure the development of small entrepreneurship in the country. Despite the positive effects obtained by the implementation of the projects, we believe that this is insufficient and it is possible to achieve further outcomes with the existing support programs (with financial resources), even in the short term. To facilitate this, it is essential to examine the readiness of small businesses to efficiently utilize state-offered projects. It is crucial to assess whether there are instances of ineffective or misguided utilization of financial assistance, as well as to gauge their perspective on the future prospects of similar initiatives. Additionally, exploring the directions they perceive as promising for funding and support is crucial. Throughout the research, we carefully selected a focus group comprising entrepreneurs from diverse business sectors, including both those based in the capital and those in regional areas. Our aim was to investigate the level of awareness among small businesses regarding state support measures, their extent of participation, preferred areas for future project implementation, and their preferences for assistance and support. Through an in-depth qualitative research approach, we gathered primary information and came to solid conclusions and offered practical recommendations based on our research findings. These findings highlight the necessary changes, encompassing both financial and institutional perspectives to optimize state support measures for small businesses.  ","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135250706","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Roman Samkharadze, Mzia Kiknadze, Giorgi Sakhvadze, Lia Gachechiladze, Guram Acharadze
As is known, the goal of information security is to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information. Information security consists of three directions: confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Proper operation of these three directions ensures high information security in organizations. In the article, an information security awareness training scheme for corporate networks is developed. Issues of its planning and automation are presented. A mechanism for conducting awareness training has been developed, which increases the general level of information security, which directly affects the process of safe data transfer. The necessity and importance of awareness raising training is justified and the ways of its implementation are suggested. Means of identifying types of attacks and ways to deal with them have been developed through awareness raising.
{"title":"PLANNING AND AUTOMATION OF INFORMATION SECURITY AWARENESS TRAINING","authors":"Roman Samkharadze, Mzia Kiknadze, Giorgi Sakhvadze, Lia Gachechiladze, Guram Acharadze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.05","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.05","url":null,"abstract":"As is known, the goal of information security is to protect the confidentiality, integrity, and availability of information. Information security consists of three directions: confidentiality, integrity, and availability. Proper operation of these three directions ensures high information security in organizations. In the article, an information security awareness training scheme for corporate networks is developed. Issues of its planning and automation are presented. A mechanism for conducting awareness training has been developed, which increases the general level of information security, which directly affects the process of safe data transfer. The necessity and importance of awareness raising training is justified and the ways of its implementation are suggested. Means of identifying types of attacks and ways to deal with them have been developed through awareness raising.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"290 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135350767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
At present, our country continues intensive research to find and introduce into practice new natural medicinal preparations made from ecologically pure endemic plants of Georgia. An example of such an agent in the Iveria-Pharma company is a Georgian medication - LAZOLEX (extract of the pericarpium of an unripe walnut), which has passed the necessary preclinical tests and now is used as an antiherpetic agent. We found positive immunotropic effects of Lazolex on healthy volunteers. Therefore, we considered it necessary to study the antiviral effects of the drug and its immunomodulatory properties in a clinical setting, specifically its effect on chronic herpetic stomatitis. First of all, it was shown that the immune system status of the patients was in an apparent correlation with the severity of the course of herpes stomatitis, i.e. the most severe immunosuppression was recorded in patients with severe stomatitis. It should be noted that this medication not only doubles the efficiency of the results of antiviral treatment but also serves as an immune restoration agent in patients with herpetic stomatitis. As a result of a parallel study of Zovirax and Lazolex, a high clinical activity of both drugs was recorded. However, the presence of pronounced immunocorrective properties of Lazolex manifested itself in an improvement of the quality of patient treatment: active tissue regeneration and a significant decrease in the timing of exacerbation of local herpetic lesions, an increase in the duration of remission. Conducted clinical, laboratory, and immunological studies allow us to recommend Lazolex for active use in dental practice for viral diseases.
{"title":"Clinical and Immunological Study of the Effectiveness of the Medications, Lazolex and Zovirax, during the Complex Treatment of Chronic Recurrent Herpetic Stomatitis","authors":"Mariam Gogotishvili, Mzia Bakradze, Fridon Japaridze, Nino Gogebashvili, Tinatin Gorgiladze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.04","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.04","url":null,"abstract":"At present, our country continues intensive research to find and introduce into practice new natural medicinal preparations made from ecologically pure endemic plants of Georgia. An example of such an agent in the Iveria-Pharma company is a Georgian medication - LAZOLEX (extract of the pericarpium of an unripe walnut), which has passed the necessary preclinical tests and now is used as an antiherpetic agent. We found positive immunotropic effects of Lazolex on healthy volunteers. Therefore, we considered it necessary to study the antiviral effects of the drug and its immunomodulatory properties in a clinical setting, specifically its effect on chronic herpetic stomatitis. First of all, it was shown that the immune system status of the patients was in an apparent correlation with the severity of the course of herpes stomatitis, i.e. the most severe immunosuppression was recorded in patients with severe stomatitis. It should be noted that this medication not only doubles the efficiency of the results of antiviral treatment but also serves as an immune restoration agent in patients with herpetic stomatitis. As a result of a parallel study of Zovirax and Lazolex, a high clinical activity of both drugs was recorded. However, the presence of pronounced immunocorrective properties of Lazolex manifested itself in an improvement of the quality of patient treatment: active tissue regeneration and a significant decrease in the timing of exacerbation of local herpetic lesions, an increase in the duration of remission. Conducted clinical, laboratory, and immunological studies allow us to recommend Lazolex for active use in dental practice for viral diseases.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"74 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135552633","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Manana Shamilishvili, Mari Tsereteli, Natia Svanidze, Tinatin Matcharashvili
A well-made news story, as we know, must meet five criteria: urgency, importance, identification, sensation and conflict. However, it is obvious that the audience for "good news" prepared by these criteria is decreasing day by day. Why? The answer is simple - the journalist loses confidence. That is why the mentioned criteria have often become the subject of wide discussion. This reality gave impetus to the formation of a new vision, according to which a well-made news story should not lose viewers, but should strengthen trust between the media and citizens. Only such a model of journalism can strengthen the democratic dialogue and promote the unity of the society.Solution journalism can be considered a contextual function of journalism, a more fundamental type of journalism, which is also referred to as "interpretive reporting, in-depth reporting, feature journalism, explanatory reporting, and analytical reporting" (Fink, 2014). Decision journalism can also be placed in a similar but more specific category called constructive journalism, which “involves applying positive psychology techniques to news work to create more productive, engaging stories that are true to the core functions of journalism” (McIntyre, 2017). McIntyre describes constructive journalism as a “continuum” rather than a dichotomy. Shifts emphasis from "straightforward" reporting styles (peace vs. conflict, oppressor vs. oppressed) to comprehensive investigative reporting. "Constructive journalism is a response to the increasing tabloidization, sensationalism and negative bias of modern media news" (Jorgensen K. L., Risbrough I., 2021). The negativity bias reinforces the natural human tendency to assign more value to a negative story than to a positive one. In addition, it is known that a negative story has a greater impact on a person and remains in the mind for a long time. Social psychology studies this phenomenon. As a result, modern journalists who have to develop against "fake news" and the so-called In the post-reality era, the world is increasingly criticized for negative news coverage. The solution is constructive journalism, which will allow the modern media to regain the trust of the public, as it will offer it a way to find a solution to the problem.
我们知道，一篇精心制作的新闻必须满足五个标准:紧迫性、重要性、识别性、轰动性和冲突性。然而，很明显，根据这些标准准备的“好消息”的受众正在日益减少。为什么?答案很简单——记者失去了信心。这就是为什么上述标准经常成为广泛讨论的主题。这一现实推动了一种新愿景的形成，即好的新闻不应该失去观众，而应该加强媒体与国民之间的信任。只有这样的新闻模式，才能加强民主对话，促进社会团结。解决方案新闻可以被认为是新闻的一种语境功能，这是一种更基本的新闻类型，也被称为“解释性报道，深度报道，专题报道，解释性报道和分析性报道”(Fink, 2014)。决策新闻也可以被归入一个类似但更具体的类别，即建设性新闻，它“涉及将积极心理学技术应用于新闻工作，以创造更有成效、更吸引人的故事，这些故事符合新闻的核心功能”(麦金太尔，2017)。麦金太尔将建设性新闻描述为一个“连续体”，而不是一个二分法。将重点从“直截了当”的报道风格(和平与冲突，压迫者与被压迫者)转向全面的调查报道。“建设性新闻是对现代媒体新闻日益增多的小报化、轰动主义和负面偏见的回应”(Jorgensen K. L.， Risbrough I.， 2021)。消极偏见强化了人类赋予负面故事比正面故事更多价值的自然倾向。此外，众所周知，一个负面的故事对一个人的影响更大，并在脑海中停留很长时间。社会心理学研究这种现象。因此，现代新闻工作者不得不发展反对“假新闻”和所谓的后现实时代，世界上越来越多的人批评负面新闻报道。解决办法是建设性的新闻，这将使现代媒体重新获得公众的信任，因为它将为找到解决问题的方法提供途径。
{"title":"Constructive journalism as an alternative to sensationalism - specifics and tasks","authors":"Manana Shamilishvili, Mari Tsereteli, Natia Svanidze, Tinatin Matcharashvili","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.03","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.03","url":null,"abstract":"A well-made news story, as we know, must meet five criteria: urgency, importance, identification, sensation and conflict. However, it is obvious that the audience for \"good news\" prepared by these criteria is decreasing day by day. Why? The answer is simple - the journalist loses confidence. That is why the mentioned criteria have often become the subject of wide discussion. This reality gave impetus to the formation of a new vision, according to which a well-made news story should not lose viewers, but should strengthen trust between the media and citizens. Only such a model of journalism can strengthen the democratic dialogue and promote the unity of the society.Solution journalism can be considered a contextual function of journalism, a more fundamental type of journalism, which is also referred to as \"interpretive reporting, in-depth reporting, feature journalism, explanatory reporting, and analytical reporting\" (Fink, 2014). Decision journalism can also be placed in a similar but more specific category called constructive journalism, which “involves applying positive psychology techniques to news work to create more productive, engaging stories that are true to the core functions of journalism” (McIntyre, 2017). McIntyre describes constructive journalism as a “continuum” rather than a dichotomy. Shifts emphasis from \"straightforward\" reporting styles (peace vs. conflict, oppressor vs. oppressed) to comprehensive investigative reporting. \"Constructive journalism is a response to the increasing tabloidization, sensationalism and negative bias of modern media news\" (Jorgensen K. L., Risbrough I., 2021). The negativity bias reinforces the natural human tendency to assign more value to a negative story than to a positive one. In addition, it is known that a negative story has a greater impact on a person and remains in the mind for a long time. Social psychology studies this phenomenon. As a result, modern journalists who have to develop against \"fake news\" and the so-called In the post-reality era, the world is increasingly criticized for negative news coverage. The solution is constructive journalism, which will allow the modern media to regain the trust of the public, as it will offer it a way to find a solution to the problem.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"29 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-03","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135738612","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Guliko Dvali, Leila Zviadadze, Maia Kobakhidze, Naili Lomtadze, Karlo Kikorya
The article presents the effect of biopreparation "Biocatena" produced in Georgia on the root and rhizosphere pathogen Fusarium. As a result of the research, it was determined that the amount of fusarium was reduced by the action of the biopreparation, both on the root of the plant and in the rhizosphere. A plant with a well-developed root system and a healthy stem was obtained.
{"title":"The effect of the biopreparetion “Biocatena” on tomato root and rhizosphere fungus Fusarium","authors":"Guliko Dvali, Leila Zviadadze, Maia Kobakhidze, Naili Lomtadze, Karlo Kikorya","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.02","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.02","url":null,"abstract":"The article presents the effect of biopreparation \"Biocatena\" produced in Georgia on the root and rhizosphere pathogen Fusarium. As a result of the research, it was determined that the amount of fusarium was reduced by the action of the biopreparation, both on the root of the plant and in the rhizosphere. A plant with a well-developed root system and a healthy stem was obtained.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135828822","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The article is based on qualitative research -the expert interviews. 14 professionals well-acquainted with the educational and university context working in the following spheres: philosophy, science of education, sociology, and the sphere of organizing and management of higher education participated in the research. They were former and present representatives of these spheres, members of non-governmental organizations and representatives of the civil sector who are known to Georgian society via various mass media facilities as experts on education. The research took place in Tbilisi in July and August 2023. Alongside the empirical research, the fundamental scientific works and various secondary data on academic freedom were analyzed. Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the universities in Georgia have not made serious progress regarding academic freedom. Though academic freedom is guaranteed and protected by the Consitution of Georgia, the general situation in the country, especially during the recent decade – economic and political instability, vulnerability of labour rights, scanty investment into education and science - does not create profitable conditions for proper development of universities. Therefore, the most important aspects of academic freedom as the condition of arranging university activities and as the fundamental value are still on the agenda in our country. Students' academic freedom is among them as well. Asa resultof the research, it became clear that the academic freedom of students is limited; the factors limiting the academic freedom of students are the following: labour market demands, limited free choice in the process of learning and research; artificial barriers existing in the university management, weakness of the organizations and movements protecting students’ interests, absence of the experience necessary to protect academic freedom, conformist culture, favouritism, hidden mechanisms of pressure and controle, bureaucracy, etc. All these and other factors hinder the realization of students'academic freedom
{"title":"Students’ Academic Freedom According to the Expert Interviews","authors":"Anano Beradze, Amiran Berdzenishvili, Nika Nakaidze, Tata Oqrojanashvili, Kakha Ketsbaia","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.04.01","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.04.01","url":null,"abstract":" The article is based on qualitative research -the expert interviews. 14 professionals well-acquainted with the educational and university context working in the following spheres: philosophy, science of education, sociology, and the sphere of organizing and management of higher education participated in the research. They were former and present representatives of these spheres, members of non-governmental organizations and representatives of the civil sector who are known to Georgian society via various mass media facilities as experts on education. The research took place in Tbilisi in July and August 2023. Alongside the empirical research, the fundamental scientific works and various secondary data on academic freedom were analyzed. Since the disintegration of the Soviet Union, the universities in Georgia have not made serious progress regarding academic freedom. Though academic freedom is guaranteed and protected by the Consitution of Georgia, the general situation in the country, especially during the recent decade – economic and political instability, vulnerability of labour rights, scanty investment into education and science - does not create profitable conditions for proper development of universities. Therefore, the most important aspects of academic freedom as the condition of arranging university activities and as the fundamental value are still on the agenda in our country. Students' academic freedom is among them as well. Asa resultof the research, it became clear that the academic freedom of students is limited; the factors limiting the academic freedom of students are the following: labour market demands, limited free choice in the process of learning and research; artificial barriers existing in the university management, weakness of the organizations and movements protecting students’ interests, absence of the experience necessary to protect academic freedom, conformist culture, favouritism, hidden mechanisms of pressure and controle, bureaucracy, etc. All these and other factors hinder the realization of students'academic freedom","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-02","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135830908","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
All molecules, structures, cells of organisms are subject to destruction in the process of vital activity. In the organisms of multicellular animals and humans, the process of regeneration is always taking place: the destruction of old cells and their replacement with new ones. Cells are replaced even if the cells are in perfect condition. The earlier the body destroys the matured cells and replaces them with new ones , the younger the body is (the higher the rate of regeneration). Stem cells are the precursor cells of all differentiated cells. Asymmetric division of the mother stem cell gives rise to one, analogue of the mother, daughter cell and another daughter cell that follows a further differentiation pathway. Despite such asymmetric division, the pool of stem cells decreases over time. Moreover, the intervals between stem cell divisions are increasing. The combination of these two processes leads to a decrease in the rate of regeneration and ageing of the organism. During asymmetric division of stem cells, daughter cells, with preserved stem cell potency, selectively retain mother (old) centrioles. Unlike nuclear DNA molecules, repairs do not occur in centrioles. Hypothetically, old centrioles are more susceptible to destruction than other cell structures—making centrioles a potentially structure of the ageing of organisms.
{"title":"Is the selective accumulation of oldest centrioles in stem cells the main cause of organism ageing?","authors":"Jaba Tkemaladze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.03.22","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.03.22","url":null,"abstract":"All molecules, structures, cells of organisms are subject to destruction in the process of vital activity. In the organisms of multicellular animals and humans, the process of regeneration is always taking place: the destruction of old cells and their replacement with new ones. Cells are replaced even if the cells are in perfect condition. The earlier the body destroys the matured cells and replaces them with new ones , the younger the body is (the higher the rate of regeneration). Stem cells are the precursor cells of all differentiated cells. Asymmetric division of the mother stem cell gives rise to one, analogue of the mother, daughter cell and another daughter cell that follows a further differentiation pathway. Despite such asymmetric division, the pool of stem cells decreases over time. Moreover, the intervals between stem cell divisions are increasing. The combination of these two processes leads to a decrease in the rate of regeneration and ageing of the organism. During asymmetric division of stem cells, daughter cells, with preserved stem cell potency, selectively retain mother (old) centrioles. Unlike nuclear DNA molecules, repairs do not occur in centrioles. Hypothetically, old centrioles are more susceptible to destruction than other cell structures—making centrioles a potentially structure of the ageing of organisms.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"35 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134887090","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The present paper deals with the attitude of Edgar Poe, a famous American writer and poet, to death and afterlife – the themes of heaven and hell in his works. It shows the role of Poe’s life experience and his personal tragedies in the formation of his understanding of the mentioned concepts; special attention is dedicated to the peculiarities of romantic and gothic genres, especially the “dark romanticism,” combining the features of the both, e.g. creation of a mysterious atmosphere, themes of death and afterlife, mourning over the lost love. The paper presents Edgar Poe’s personality, his genius and tragic fate, provides the biographical information, which gives the reader some idea about Poe’s upbringing and education, his attitude to religion and his faith. While discussing its subject the paper relies on Poe’s works – examples are brought from them in order to illustrate the viewpoints offered in the paper. Based on the examples, conclusions are made, i.e., a number of factors like personal suffering, upbringing, temper, peculiarities of the romantic and gothic literary genres, religious faith, are identified, which makes it possible to create a truthful portrait of the artists.
{"title":"The Theme of Afterlife in Edgar Allan Poe's Works","authors":"Lela Ebralidze","doi":"10.52340/2023.05.03.21","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.52340/2023.05.03.21","url":null,"abstract":"The present paper deals with the attitude of Edgar Poe, a famous American writer and poet, to death and afterlife – the themes of heaven and hell in his works. It shows the role of Poe’s life experience and his personal tragedies in the formation of his understanding of the mentioned concepts; special attention is dedicated to the peculiarities of romantic and gothic genres, especially the “dark romanticism,” combining the features of the both, e.g. creation of a mysterious atmosphere, themes of death and afterlife, mourning over the lost love. The paper presents Edgar Poe’s personality, his genius and tragic fate, provides the biographical information, which gives the reader some idea about Poe’s upbringing and education, his attitude to religion and his faith. While discussing its subject the paper relies on Poe’s works – examples are brought from them in order to illustrate the viewpoints offered in the paper. Based on the examples, conclusions are made, i.e., a number of factors like personal suffering, upbringing, temper, peculiarities of the romantic and gothic literary genres, religious faith, are identified, which makes it possible to create a truthful portrait of the artists.","PeriodicalId":12686,"journal":{"name":"GEORGIAN SCIENTISTS","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135966375","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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