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Clinical characteristics of double negative atypical inflammatory demyelinating disease: A prospective study 双阴性非典型炎性脱髓鞘疾病的临床特征:前瞻性研究
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-09-02 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52191
Fei Jiang, Haobing Cai, Hongliang Li, Weifan Yin, Song Ouyang, Jue Hu, Ewen Tu, Ke Fu, Junjie Yin, Zhen Zhao, Jieyu Yang, Qiuming Zeng, Huan Yang

Objective

This study aimed to investigate the clinical characteristics and predictors of relapse in double negative atypical inflammatory demyelinating disease (IDD) and to explore potential antigenic targets by tissue-based assays (TBA) using rat brain indirect immunofluorescence.

Methods

We compared the clinical, laboratory, and MRI data of double negative atypical IDD with other IDD patients. Serum samples were collected for TBA. The predictors of relapse were examined over a minimum of 24 months follow-up.

Results

In our cohort of 98 patients with double negative atypical IDD, there was no significant female predominance (58.2%, 57/98). The lesions primarily affected the spinal cord and brain stem, with fewer cases of involvement in the area postrema (5.1%, 5/98) and longitudinally extensive transverse myelitis (43.9%, 43/98). A total of 62.5% (50/80) patients tested positive for anti-astrocyte antibodies based on rat brain TBA. Over a median duration of 39.5 months, 80 patients completed the entire follow-up, and 47.5% (38/80) patients exhibited monophasic course. A total of 36% (18/50) patients positively for anti-astrocyte antibodies had a monophasic course, which is significantly lower than patients negatively for anti-astrocyte antibodies (66.7%, 20/30) (p = 0.008). The presence of anti-astrocyte antibodies (hazard ratio (HR), 2.243; 95% CI, 1.087–4.627; p = 0.029) and ≥4 cerebrum lesions at first attack (HR, 2.494; 95% CI, 1.224–5.078; p = 0.012) were risk factors for disease relapse, while maintenance immunotherapy during remission (HR, 0.361; 95% CI, 0.150–0.869; p = 0.023) was protective factor.

Interpretation

Double negative atypical IDD are unique demyelinating diseases with a high relapse rate. Maintenance immunotherapy is helpful to the prevention of relapse, particularly in patients with anti-astrocyte antibodies or ≥4 cerebrum lesions at first attack.

研究目的本研究旨在调查双阴性非典型炎性脱髓鞘病(IDD)的临床特征和复发预测因素,并利用大鼠脑部间接免疫荧光法(TBA)通过组织基础测定(TBA)探索潜在的抗原靶点:我们比较了双阴性非典型 IDD 与其他 IDD 患者的临床、实验室和 MRI 数据。采集血清样本进行 TBA 分析。在至少 24 个月的随访期间,对复发的预测因素进行了研究:在我们的 98 例双阴性非典型 IDD 患者中,女性患者并不占多数(58.2%,57/98)。病变主要累及脊髓和脑干,较少累及后遗区(5.1%,5/98)和纵向广泛横贯性脊髓炎(43.9%,43/98)。根据大鼠脑TBA检测,共有62.5%(50/80)的患者抗胃肠细胞抗体呈阳性。中位病程为 39.5 个月,80 名患者完成了整个随访,47.5%(38/80)的患者表现为单相病程。抗胃泌素细胞抗体阳性的患者中,36%(18/50)的病程为单相,明显低于抗胃泌素细胞抗体阴性的患者(66.7%,20/30)(P = 0.008)。抗胃肠细胞抗体的存在(危险比(HR),2.243;95% CI,1.087-4.627;p = 0.029)和首次发病时脑部病灶≥4个(HR,2.494;95% CI,1.224-5.078;p = 0.012)是疾病复发的危险因素,而缓解期维持免疫治疗(HR,0.361;95% CI,0.150-0.869;p = 0.023)则是保护因素:双阴性非典型IDD是一种独特的脱髓鞘疾病,复发率很高。解读:双阴性非典型IDD是一种独特的脱髓鞘疾病,复发率很高。维持性免疫治疗有助于预防复发,尤其是对首次发病时有抗胃蛋白酶抗体或脑部病灶≥4个的患者。
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引用次数: 0
Expert panel curation of 31 genes in relation to limb girdle muscular dystrophy 专家小组对 31 个与肢腰肌营养不良症有关的基因进行了整理。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52127
Shruthi Mohan, Shannon McNulty, Courtney Thaxton, Marwa Elnagheeb, Emma Owens, May Flowers, Teagan Nunnery, Autumn Self, Brooke Palus, Svetlana Gorokhova, April Kennedy, Zhiyv Niu, Mridul Johari, Alassane Baneye Maiga, Kelly Macalalad, Amanda R. Clause, Jacques S. Beckmann, Lucas Bronicki, Sandra T. Cooper, Vijay S. Ganesh, Peter B. Kang, Akanchha Kesari, Monkol Lek, Jennifer Levy, Laura Rufibach, Marco Savarese, Melissa J. Spencer, Volker Straub, Giorgio Tasca, Conrad C. Weihl

Objective

Limb girdle muscular dystrophies (LGMDs) are a group of genetically heterogeneous autosomal conditions with some degree of phenotypic homogeneity. LGMD is defined as having onset >2 years of age with progressive proximal weakness, elevated serum creatine kinase levels and dystrophic features on muscle biopsy. Advances in massively parallel sequencing have led to a surge in genes linked to LGMD.

Methods

The ClinGen Muscular Dystrophies and Myopathies gene curation expert panel (MDM GCEP, formerly Limb Girdle Muscular Dystrophy GCEP) convened to evaluate the strength of evidence supporting gene–disease relationships (GDR) using the ClinGen gene–disease clinical validity framework to evaluate 31 genes implicated in LGMD.

Results

The GDR was exclusively LGMD for 17 genes, whereas an additional 14 genes were related to a broader phenotype encompassing congenital weakness. Four genes (CAPN3, COL6A1, COL6A2, and COL6A3) were split into two separate disease entities, based on each displaying both dominant and recessive inheritance patterns, resulting in curation of 35 GDRs. Of these, 30 (86%) were classified as definitive, 4 (11%) as moderate, and 1 (3%) as limited. Two genes, POMGNT1 and DAG1, though definitively related to myopathy, currently have insufficient evidence to support a relationship specifically with LGMD.

Interpretation

The expert-reviewed assertions on the clinical validity of genes implicated in LGMDs form an invaluable resource for clinicians and molecular geneticists. We encourage the global neuromuscular community to publish case-level data that help clarify disputed or novel LGMD associations.

目的:肢腰肌营养不良症(LGMD)是一组遗传异质性常染色体疾病,但具有一定程度的表型同质性。LGMD的定义是:发病年龄大于2岁,伴有进行性近端无力、血清肌酸激酶水平升高和肌肉活检发现肌营养不良特征。大规模平行测序技术的进步导致与 LGMD 相关的基因激增:方法:ClinGen 肌肉萎缩症和肌病基因编辑专家小组(MDM GCEP,前身为肢体腰肌萎缩症 GCEP)召开会议,使用 ClinGen 基因-疾病临床有效性框架评估与 LGMD 有关的 31 个基因,以评估支持基因-疾病关系 (GDR) 的证据强度:结果:17 个基因的 GDR 完全与 LGMD 相关,而另外 14 个基因则与包括先天性乏力在内的更广泛表型相关。四个基因(CAPN3、COL6A1、COL6A2 和 COL6A3)分别显示显性和隐性遗传模式,因此被分为两个独立的疾病实体,从而产生了 35 个 GDR。其中,30 个基因(86%)被归类为明确基因,4 个基因(11%)被归类为中度基因,1 个基因(3%)被归类为有限基因。POMGNT1和DAG1这两个基因虽然明确与肌病有关,但目前还没有足够的证据支持它们与LGMD的关系:经过专家评审的关于 LGMD 相关基因临床有效性的论断为临床医生和分子遗传学家提供了宝贵的资源。我们鼓励全球神经肌肉学界发表有助于澄清有争议的或新的 LGMD 关联的病例级数据。
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引用次数: 0
In-hospital recurrent stroke in ipsilateral carotid web patients undergoing thrombectomy 接受血栓切除术的同侧颈动脉网患者院内再发中风。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-30 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52161
Farhan Khan, Narendra Kala, Kelvin Chang, Liqi Shu, Eric D. Goldstein, Radmehr Torabi, Krisztina Moldovan, Mahesh Jayaraman, Nahid Mohammadzadeh, Karen Furie, Shadi Yaghi

Objective

Carotid artery web is a possible cause of ischemic stroke, especially in young patients who lack conventional risk factors. The immediate and long-term outcomes are not well studied. We aimed to determine the association between an ipsilateral carotid web and in-hospital stroke recurrence.

Methods

We analyzed data from adult patients admitted with an acute anterior circulation large vessel occlusion at a Comprehensive Stroke Center between July 2015 and March 2023. The primary outcome was in-hospital stroke recurrence and secondary outcome was in-hospital recurrent LVO. Multivariable logistic regression was performed to examine the association between ipsilateral carotid web and recurrent ischemic stroke and recurrent LVO.

Results

Of the 1463 patients with anterior circulation large vessel occlusion, 27 (1.8%) had an ipsilateral carotid artery web. Patients with carotid web were younger (median age (IQR), 60 years (53–67 years) versus 74 years (62–84 years), P < 0.01) and less likely to be Caucasian (60% vs. 80%, p = 0.014). Of the 27 patients with carotid web, 18 (70%) had no identifiable competing stroke mechanism. When compared to patients without ipsilateral carotid web, those with an ipsilateral carotid web had a higher risk of recurrent ischemic stroke (adjusted RR: 4.38, 95% CI: 1.38–13.85) and recurrent ipsilateral large vessel occlusion (adjusted RR: 4.49, 95% CI: 1.41–14.21).

Interpretation

Carotid webs are an under recognized cause of acute large vessel occlusion and are associated with higher risk of early recurrence. Studies are needed to validate our findings and test early revascularization strategies in patients with symptomatic carotid artery webs.

目的:颈动脉网是缺血性脑卒中的一个可能原因,尤其是对缺乏常规危险因素的年轻患者而言。对其近期和远期后果的研究还不充分。我们旨在确定同侧颈动脉蹼与院内中风复发之间的关系:我们分析了综合卒中中心在 2015 年 7 月至 2023 年 3 月期间收治的急性前循环大血管闭塞成人患者的数据。主要结果是院内卒中复发,次要结果是院内复发 LVO。为了研究同侧颈动脉网与复发缺血性卒中和复发左心室积水之间的关系,进行了多变量逻辑回归:结果:在1463例前循环大血管闭塞患者中,有27例(1.8%)同侧颈动脉蹼。有颈动脉蹼的患者更年轻(中位年龄(IQR),60 岁(53-67 岁)对 74 岁(62-84 岁),P 解释:颈动脉网是导致急性大血管闭塞的一个公认的原因,但其与较高的早期复发风险有关。需要进行研究来验证我们的发现,并测试无症状颈动脉蹼患者的早期血管再通策略。
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引用次数: 0
Inferring disease course from differential exon usage in the wide titinopathy spectrum 根据不同外显子的使用情况推断滴虫病的病程。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52189
Maria Francesca Di Feo, Ali Oghabian, Ella Nippala, Mathias Gautel, Heinz Jungbluth, Francesca Forzano, Edoardo Malfatti, Claudia Castiglioni, Ilona Krey, David Gomez Andres, Angela F. Brady, Maria Iascone, Anna Cereda, Lidia Pezzani, Daniel Natera De Benito, Andres Nascimiento Osorio, Berta Estévez Arias, Sergei A. Kurbatov, Tania Attie-Bitach, Sheela Nampoothiri, Erin Ryan, Michelle Morrow, Svetlana Gorokhova, Brigitte Chabrol, Juha Sinisalo, Heli Tolppanen, Johanna Tolva, Francina Munell, Jessica Camacho Soriano, Maria Angeles Sanchez Duran, Mridul Johari, Homa Tajsharghi, Peter Hackman, Bjarne Udd, Marco Savarese

Objective

Biallelic titin truncating variants (TTNtv) have been associated with a wide phenotypic spectrum, ranging from complex prenatal muscle diseases with dysmorphic features to adult-onset limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, with or without cardiac involvement. Given the size and complexity of TTN, reaching an unequivocal molecular diagnosis and precise disease prognosis remains challenging.

Methods

In this case series, 12 unpublished cases and one already published case with biallelic TTNtv were collected from multiple international medical centers between November 2022 and September 2023. TTN mutations were detected through exome or genome sequencing. Information about familial and personal clinical history was collected in a standardized form. RNA-sequencing and analysis of TTN exon usage were performed on an internal sample cohort including postnatal skeletal muscles, fetal skeletal muscles, postnatal heart muscles, and fetal heart muscles. In addition, publicly available RNA-sequencing data was retrieved from ENCODE.

Results

We generated new RNA-seq data on TTN exons and identified genotype–phenotype correlations with prognostic implications for each titinopathy patient (whether worsening or improving in prenatal and postnatal life) using percentage spliced in (PSI) data for the involved exons. Interestingly, thanks to exon usage, we were also able to rule out a titinopathy diagnosis in one prenatal case.

Interpretation

This study demonstrates that exon usage provides valuable insights for a more exhaustive clinical interpretation of TTNtv; additionally, it may serve as a model for implementing personalized medicine in many other genetic diseases, since most genes undergo alternative splicing.

目的:双叶titin截短变体(TTNtv)与广泛的表型谱相关,从具有畸形特征的复杂产前肌肉疾病到成人发病的肢腰肌营养不良症,伴有或不伴有心脏受累。鉴于 TTN 的规模和复杂性,做出明确的分子诊断和精确的疾病预后仍具有挑战性:在本病例系列中,我们在 2022 年 11 月至 2023 年 9 月期间从多个国际医疗中心收集了 12 例未发表的病例和 1 例已发表的病例,这些病例均为双性 TTNtv。通过外显子组或基因组测序检测了TTN突变。有关家族史和个人临床史的信息以标准化表格的形式收集。对内部样本队列(包括出生后骨骼肌、胎儿骨骼肌、出生后心肌和胎儿心肌)进行了RNA测序和TTN外显子使用分析。此外,我们还从ENCODE.Results中检索了公开的RNA测序数据:我们生成了关于TTN外显子的新RNA-seq数据,并利用所涉及外显子的剪接百分比(PSI)数据,确定了对每位滴虫病患者具有预后意义的基因型-表型相关性(在产前和产后是否恶化或改善)。有趣的是,由于外显子的使用,我们还能排除一个产前病例的滴虫病诊断:这项研究表明,外显子的使用为更详尽地临床解读 TTNtv 提供了宝贵的见解;此外,由于大多数基因都会发生替代剪接,它还可作为在许多其他遗传疾病中实施个性化医疗的模型。
{"title":"Inferring disease course from differential exon usage in the wide titinopathy spectrum","authors":"Maria Francesca Di Feo,&nbsp;Ali Oghabian,&nbsp;Ella Nippala,&nbsp;Mathias Gautel,&nbsp;Heinz Jungbluth,&nbsp;Francesca Forzano,&nbsp;Edoardo Malfatti,&nbsp;Claudia Castiglioni,&nbsp;Ilona Krey,&nbsp;David Gomez Andres,&nbsp;Angela F. Brady,&nbsp;Maria Iascone,&nbsp;Anna Cereda,&nbsp;Lidia Pezzani,&nbsp;Daniel Natera De Benito,&nbsp;Andres Nascimiento Osorio,&nbsp;Berta Estévez Arias,&nbsp;Sergei A. Kurbatov,&nbsp;Tania Attie-Bitach,&nbsp;Sheela Nampoothiri,&nbsp;Erin Ryan,&nbsp;Michelle Morrow,&nbsp;Svetlana Gorokhova,&nbsp;Brigitte Chabrol,&nbsp;Juha Sinisalo,&nbsp;Heli Tolppanen,&nbsp;Johanna Tolva,&nbsp;Francina Munell,&nbsp;Jessica Camacho Soriano,&nbsp;Maria Angeles Sanchez Duran,&nbsp;Mridul Johari,&nbsp;Homa Tajsharghi,&nbsp;Peter Hackman,&nbsp;Bjarne Udd,&nbsp;Marco Savarese","doi":"10.1002/acn3.52189","DOIUrl":"10.1002/acn3.52189","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Biallelic titin truncating variants (TTNtv) have been associated with a wide phenotypic spectrum, ranging from complex prenatal muscle diseases with dysmorphic features to adult-onset limb-girdle muscular dystrophy, with or without cardiac involvement. Given the size and complexity of TTN, reaching an unequivocal molecular diagnosis and precise disease prognosis remains challenging.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>In this case series, 12 unpublished cases and one already published case with biallelic TTNtv were collected from multiple international medical centers between November 2022 and September 2023. TTN mutations were detected through exome or genome sequencing. Information about familial and personal clinical history was collected in a standardized form. RNA-sequencing and analysis of TTN exon usage were performed on an internal sample cohort including postnatal skeletal muscles, fetal skeletal muscles, postnatal heart muscles, and fetal heart muscles. In addition, publicly available RNA-sequencing data was retrieved from ENCODE.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>We generated new RNA-seq data on TTN exons and identified genotype–phenotype correlations with prognostic implications for each titinopathy patient (whether worsening or improving in prenatal and postnatal life) using percentage spliced in (PSI) data for the involved exons. Interestingly, thanks to exon usage, we were also able to rule out a titinopathy diagnosis in one prenatal case.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interpretation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>This study demonstrates that exon usage provides valuable insights for a more exhaustive clinical interpretation of TTNtv; additionally, it may serve as a model for implementing personalized medicine in many other genetic diseases, since most genes undergo alternative splicing.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":126,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acn3.52189","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091244","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Clonal hematopoiesis in LGI1-antibody encephalitis LGI1-抗体脑炎中的克隆性造血。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-28 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52192
Soo Jean Shin, Yoonhyuk Jang, Soo Hyun Ahn, Su Yee Mon, Ji Hye You, Hong Yul An, Choong Hyun Sun, Youngil Koh, Kon Chu, Sang Kun Lee, Soon-Tae Lee

Objective

Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1)-antibody encephalitis (LGI1e), the major form of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) presented with memory loss and faciobrachial dystonic seizure, commonly develops in aged population. Hematologic aging is often accompanied by clonal hematopoiesis (CH), a phenomenon in which specific mutations accumulate, potentially leading to autoimmune disorders or malignancies. Our research aimed to investigate the connection between clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and LGI1e.

Methods

Peripheral blood samples from consecutive LGI1e patients were collected and analyzed for 24 clonal CHIP using targeted gene sequencing. The results were compared to a control dataset from an ethnically matched health care cohort. Patient characteristics were analyzed based on their CHIP status.

Results

A total of 52 LGI1e patients were enrolled for this study. Among them, three patients (5.8%) exhibited functional mutations in the ASXL1 gene, one of the CHIP-associated genes analyzed by targeted sequencing. This frequency was significantly higher compared to that of the control cohort (1%, p = 0.015). Nevertheless, the patients showed no difference in the clinical characteristics, laboratory results, and immunotherapy outcomes.

Interpretation

LGI1e showed high frequency of ASXL1 functional mutation in the CHIP analysis, which may contribute to the underlying pathogenesis. Further research is needed to determine its direct role in the development of autoimmunity and disease progression.

目的:富亮氨酸胶质瘤灭活1(LGI1)抗体脑炎(LGI1e)是自身免疫性脑炎(AE)的一种主要形式,表现为记忆力减退和面肌强直发作,常见于老年人群。血液学衰老通常伴随着克隆性造血(CH),这是一种特定突变积累的现象,可能导致自身免疫性疾病或恶性肿瘤。我们的研究旨在探讨不确定潜能克隆性造血(CHIP)与 LGI1e 之间的联系:方法:收集连续 LGI1e 患者的外周血样本,并通过靶向基因测序分析 24 个克隆 CHIP。结果与来自种族匹配的医疗保健队列的对照数据集进行了比较。根据CHIP状态对患者特征进行了分析:本研究共招募了 52 名 LGI1e 患者。其中,3 名患者(5.8%)的 ASXL1 基因出现功能性突变,而 ASXL1 基因是通过靶向测序分析的 CHIP 相关基因之一。这一频率明显高于对照组(1%,P = 0.015)。尽管如此,患者的临床特征、实验室结果和免疫治疗结果均无差异:LGI1e在CHIP分析中显示出高频率的ASXL1功能突变,这可能与潜在的发病机制有关。解读:CHIP分析显示,LGI1e的ASXL1功能突变频率较高,这可能是其潜在的发病机制之一,需要进一步研究以确定其在自身免疫和疾病进展中的直接作用。
{"title":"Clonal hematopoiesis in LGI1-antibody encephalitis","authors":"Soo Jean Shin,&nbsp;Yoonhyuk Jang,&nbsp;Soo Hyun Ahn,&nbsp;Su Yee Mon,&nbsp;Ji Hye You,&nbsp;Hong Yul An,&nbsp;Choong Hyun Sun,&nbsp;Youngil Koh,&nbsp;Kon Chu,&nbsp;Sang Kun Lee,&nbsp;Soon-Tae Lee","doi":"10.1002/acn3.52192","DOIUrl":"10.1002/acn3.52192","url":null,"abstract":"<div>\u0000 \u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Objective</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Leucine-rich glioma-inactivated 1 (LGI1)-antibody encephalitis (LGI1e), the major form of autoimmune encephalitis (AE) presented with memory loss and faciobrachial dystonic seizure, commonly develops in aged population. Hematologic aging is often accompanied by clonal hematopoiesis (CH), a phenomenon in which specific mutations accumulate, potentially leading to autoimmune disorders or malignancies. Our research aimed to investigate the connection between clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP) and LGI1e.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Methods</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>Peripheral blood samples from consecutive LGI1e patients were collected and analyzed for 24 clonal CHIP using targeted gene sequencing. The results were compared to a control dataset from an ethnically matched health care cohort. Patient characteristics were analyzed based on their CHIP status.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Results</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>A total of 52 LGI1e patients were enrolled for this study. Among them, three patients (5.8%) exhibited functional mutations in the ASXL1 gene, one of the CHIP-associated genes analyzed by targeted sequencing. This frequency was significantly higher compared to that of the control cohort (1%, <i>p</i> = 0.015). Nevertheless, the patients showed no difference in the clinical characteristics, laboratory results, and immunotherapy outcomes.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 \u0000 <section>\u0000 \u0000 <h3> Interpretation</h3>\u0000 \u0000 <p>LGI1e showed high frequency of ASXL1 functional mutation in the CHIP analysis, which may contribute to the underlying pathogenesis. Further research is needed to determine its direct role in the development of autoimmunity and disease progression.</p>\u0000 </section>\u0000 </div>","PeriodicalId":126,"journal":{"name":"Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":4.4,"publicationDate":"2024-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/epdf/10.1002/acn3.52192","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"142091243","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":2,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
引用次数: 0
Interictal blood–brain barrier dysfunction in piriform cortex of people with epilepsy 癫痫患者梨状皮层发作间期血脑屏障功能障碍。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-27 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52176
Freya Schulte, Johannes T. Reiter, Tobias Bauer, Julia Taube, Felix Bitzer, Juri-Alexander Witt, Rory Piper, Anoja Thanabalasingam, Randi von Wrede, Attila Racz, Tobias Baumgartner, Valeri Borger, Louisa Specht-Riemenschneider, Hartmut Vatter, Elke Hattingen, Ralf Deichmann, Christoph Helmstaedter, Alexander Radbruch, Alon Friedman, Rainer Surges, Theodor Rüber

Objective

The piriform cortex is considered to be highly epileptogenic. Its resection during epilepsy surgery is a predictor for postoperative seizure freedom in temporal lobe epilepsy. Epilepsy is associated with a dysfunction of the blood–brain barrier. We investigated blood–brain barrier dysfunction in the piriform cortex of people with temporal lobe epilepsy using quantitative T1-relaxometry.

Methods

Gadolinium-based contrast agent was administered ictally and interictally in 37 individuals before undergoing quantitative T1-relaxometry. Postictal and interictal images were co-registered, and subtraction maps were created as biomarkers for peri-ictal (∆qT1interictal-postictal) and interictal (∆qT1noncontrast-interictal) blood–brain barrier dysfunction. Values were extracted for the piriform cortex, hippocampus, amygdala, and the whole cortex.

Results

In temporal lobe epilepsy (n = 14), ∆qT1noncontrast-interictal was significantly higher in the piriform cortex than in the whole cortex (p = 0.02). In extratemporal lobe epilepsy (n = 23), ∆qT1noncontrast-interictal was higher in the hippocampus than in the whole cortex (p = 0.05). Across all individuals (n = 37), duration of epilepsy was correlated with ∆qT1noncontrast-interictal (ß = 0.001, p < 0.001) in all regions, while the association was strongest in the piriform cortex. Impaired verbal memory was associated with ∆qT1noncontrast-interictal only in the piriform cortex (p = 0.04). ∆qT1interictal-postictal did not show differences in any region.

Interpretation

Interictal blood–brain barrier dysfunction occurs in the piriform cortex in temporal lobe epilepsy. This dysfunction is linked to longer disease duration and worse cognitive deficits, emphasizing the central role of the piriform cortex in the epileptogenic network of temporal lobe epilepsy.

目的:梨状皮层被认为是高度致痫区。在癫痫手术中切除梨状皮层可预测颞叶癫痫患者术后是否不再发作。癫痫与血脑屏障功能障碍有关。我们使用定量 T1 弛豫测定法研究了颞叶癫痫患者梨状皮层的血脑屏障功能障碍:方法:在进行定量T1-松弛测量之前,对37名患者在发作期和发作间期注射钆基造影剂。对发作后和发作间期的图像进行共同注册,并绘制减影图,作为发作周(ΔqT1发作-发作后)和发作间期(ΔqT1无对比度-发作间期)血脑屏障功能障碍的生物标记。提取了梨状皮层、海马、杏仁核和整个皮层的数值:在颞叶癫痫患者(n = 14)中,梨状皮层的ΔqT1非对比间期显著高于整个皮层(p = 0.02)。在颞叶外癫痫(n = 23)中,海马区的∆qT1非对比间期高于整个皮层(p = 0.05)。在所有个体(n = 37)中,癫痫持续时间与∆qT1非对比间期相关(ß = 0.001,p 非对比间期仅在梨状皮层相关(p = 0.04)。∆ΔqT1发作间期-发作后在任何区域均未显示差异:解释:颞叶癫痫患者的梨状皮层会出现发作间期血脑屏障功能障碍。这种功能障碍与病程延长和认知障碍恶化有关,强调了梨状皮层在颞叶癫痫致痫网络中的核心作用。
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引用次数: 0
Cortical networks of parkinsonian gait: a metabolic and functional connectivity study 帕金森病步态的皮层网络:代谢和功能连接研究。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52173
Franziska Pellegrini, Nicoló G. Pozzi, Chiara Palmisano, Giorgio Marotta, Andreas Buck, Stefan Haufe, Ioannis U. Isaias

Objective

Locomotion is an automated voluntary movement sustained by coordinated neural synchronization across a distributed brain network. The cerebral cortex is central for adapting the locomotion pattern to the environment and alterations of cortical network dynamics can lead to gait impairments. Gait problems are a common symptom with a still unclear pathophysiology and represent an unmet therapeutical need in Parkinson's disease. Little is known about the cortical network dynamics of locomotor control in these patients.

Methods

We studied the cortical basis of parkinsonian gait by combining metabolic brain imaging with high-density EEG recordings and kinematic measurements performed at rest and during unperturbed overground walking.

Results

We found significant changes in functional connectivity between frontal, sensorimotor, and visuomotor cortical areas during walking as compared to resting. Specifically, hypokinetic gait was associated with poor information flow from the supplementary motor area (SMA) to precuneus and from calcarine to lingual gyrus, as well as high information flow from calcarine to cuneus.

Interpretation

Our findings support a role for visuomotor integration processes in PD-related hypokinetic gait and suggest that reinforcing visual information may act as a compensatory strategy to allow SMA-mediated feedforward locomotor control in PD.

目的:运动是通过分布式大脑网络的协调神经同步来维持的自动自主运动。大脑皮层是使运动模式适应环境的核心,而大脑皮层网络动力学的改变可导致步态障碍。步态障碍是一种常见的症状,其病理生理学尚不清楚,是帕金森病治疗上的一个未满足的需求。人们对这些患者运动控制的皮质网络动力学知之甚少:我们结合代谢脑成像、高密度脑电图记录以及在静息状态和无干扰地面行走时进行的运动学测量,研究了帕金森步态的皮层基础:结果:我们发现,与静止时相比,步行时额叶、感觉运动和视觉运动皮层区域之间的功能连接发生了重大变化。具体来说,低运动步态与从辅助运动区(SMA)到楔前区以及从卡氏回到舌回的信息流较差以及从卡氏回到楔前区的信息流较高有关:我们的研究结果支持视觉运动整合过程在与帕金森病相关的低运动步态中的作用,并表明强化视觉信息可作为一种补偿策略,允许帕金森病患者进行由SMA介导的前馈运动控制。
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引用次数: 0
Ocrelizumab alters the circulating metabolome in people with relapsing–remitting multiple sclerosis 奥克雷珠单抗会改变复发缓解型多发性硬化症患者的循环代谢组。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52167
Fatemeh Siavoshi, Dimitrios C. Ladakis, Ashley Muller, Bardia Nourbakhsh, Pavan Bhargava

Background

Circulating metabolite levels are altered in multiple sclerosis (MS) and are associated with MS severity. However, how metabolic profiles shift following highly efficacious therapies, like ocrelizumab remains unclear.

Objective

Circulating metabolite levels are altered in multiple sclerosis (MS) and are associated with MS severity. However, how metabolic profiles shift following highly efficacious therapies, like ocrelizumab remains unclear. To assess changes in the circulating metabolome produced by ocrelizumab treatment in people with relapsing–remitting MS (RRMS).

Methods

Thirty-one individuals with RRMS eligible for beginning treatment with ocrelizumab were recruited and followed with demographic, clinical, quality-of-life, and global metabolomics data collected at each visit. Modules of highly correlated metabolites were identified using the weighted correlation network analysis approach. Changes in each module's eigenmetabolite values and individual metabolites during the study were evaluated using linear mixed-effects models.

Results

Patients with a mean age of 40.8 (SD = 10.30) years, and median disease duration of 4.0 (IQR = 8.5) years, were monitored for a median of 3.36 (IQR = 1.43) years. Two out of twelve identified sets of metabolites were altered significantly. The first module mainly contained androgenic and pregnenolone steroids (p-value <0.001, coefficient: −0.10). The second module primarily consisted of several lysophospholipids, arachidonic acid, some endocannabinoids, and monohydroxy fatty acid metabolites (p-value = 0.016, coefficient: −0.12), which its reduction was significantly associated with improvement based on overall disability response score (OR 3.09e-01, 95% CI: 6.83e-02, 9.09e-01, p-value = 3.15E-02).

Interpretation

In this longitudinal observational study, using a global untargeted metabolomics approach, we showed significant alteration in circulating metabolome in RRMS patients undergoing ocrelizumab treatment. In particular, we observed a significant reduction in metabolites involved in the lysophospholipid pathway, which was associated with patients' improvement.

背景:多发性硬化症(MS)患者的循环代谢物水平会发生改变,并与 MS 的严重程度有关。然而,奥克立珠单抗等高效疗法后代谢谱如何变化仍不清楚:多发性硬化症(MS)患者的循环代谢物水平会发生改变,并与MS的严重程度有关。然而,奥克立珠单抗等高效疗法后代谢谱如何变化仍不清楚。目的:评估复发性多发性硬化症(RRMS)患者接受奥克立珠单抗治疗后循环代谢组的变化:招募了31名有资格开始接受奥克立珠单抗治疗的RRMS患者,并对他们进行随访,每次随访都收集人口统计学、临床、生活质量和全球代谢组学数据。采用加权相关网络分析方法确定了高度相关的代谢物模块。使用线性混合效应模型评估了研究期间每个模块的代谢物特征值和单个代谢物的变化:患者的平均年龄为 40.8 (SD = 10.30)岁,中位病程为 4.0 (IQR = 8.5)年,接受监测的中位时间为 3.36 (IQR = 1.43)年。在已确定的十二组代谢物中,有两组发生了显著变化。第一个模块主要包含雄激素类固醇和孕烯醇酮类固醇(p 值 解释性说明:在这项纵向观察研究中,我们采用了一种全局非靶向代谢组学方法,结果显示接受奥克立珠单抗治疗的 RRMS 患者的循环代谢组发生了显著变化。特别是,我们观察到参与溶血磷脂通路的代谢物明显减少,这与患者病情的改善有关。
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引用次数: 0
Rituximab in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis: a meta-analysis 利妥昔单抗治疗继发性进展型多发性硬化症:一项荟萃分析。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52186
Pasin Intarakhao, Taksaporn Laipasu, Jiraporn Jitprapaikulsan, Natnasak Apiraksattayakul, Punchika Kosiyakul, Sasitorn Siritho, Naraporn Prayoonwiwat, Tatchaporn Ongphichetmetha

Objective

To evaluate the efficacy of rituximab (RTX) in stabilizing disability progression in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis (SPMS).

Methods

A systematic review was conducted, encompassing studies from inception to April 2023, utilizing the MEDLINE and EMBASE databases. Inclusion criteria comprised studies with a minimum of 3 SPMS patients receiving intravenous RTX in at least one infusion, with a follow-up duration of at least 6 months. Primary outcome measures included changes in Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) scores. Mean differences in pre- and post-RTX EDSS scores were analyzed using a random-effects model. Meta-regression examined age at RTX initiation, pre-RTX EDSS scores, disease duration, and outcome reported time as variables. Secondary outcomes assessed changes in the annualized relapse rate (ARR).

Results

Thirteen studies, involving 604 SPMS patients, met the inclusion criteria. Following a mean follow-up of 2 years, the mean difference in EDSS scores (ΔEDSS = EDSSpre-RTX − EDSSpost-RTX) was −0.21 (95% CI −0.51 to 0.08, p = 0.16), indicating no significant variation. Multivariable meta-regression identified significant associations between EDSS score mean difference and pre-RTX EDSS scores, disease duration at RTX initiation, and outcome reported time. However, age at RTX initiation showed no significant association. Pre- and post-RTX ARR data were available for 245 out of 604 SPMS patients across seven studies, revealing a mean difference in ARR (ΔARR = ARRpre-RTX − ARRpost-RTX) of 0.74 (95% CI 0.19–1.29, p = 0.008).

Interpretation

RTX demonstrates efficacy in reducing relapse frequency and exhibits potential in stabilizing disability progression over a 2-year follow-up, particularly among individuals with shorter disease duration.

目的评估利妥昔单抗(RTX)在稳定继发性进展性多发性硬化症(SPMS)残疾进展方面的疗效:方法:利用 MEDLINE 和 EMBASE 数据库对从开始到 2023 年 4 月的研究进行系统性回顾。纳入标准包括至少有3名SPMS患者接受过一次RTX静脉注射,随访时间至少6个月。主要结果指标包括扩展残疾状态量表(EDSS)评分的变化。采用随机效应模型分析了RTX前后EDSS评分的平均差异。元回归研究了RTX起始年龄、RTX前EDSS评分、病程和结果报告时间等变量。次要结果评估了年复发率(ARR)的变化:有13项研究符合纳入标准,涉及604名SPMS患者。平均随访2年后,EDSS评分的平均差异(ΔEDSS = EDSSpre-RTX - EDSSpost-RTX)为-0.21(95% CI -0.51至0.08,p = 0.16),表明无显著差异。多变量元回归发现,EDSS评分均值差异与RTX前EDSS评分、RTX开始时的病程以及结果报告时间之间存在显著关联。然而,开始使用 RTX 时的年龄与之无明显关联。在7项研究的604名SPMS患者中,有245名患者获得了RTX前和RTX后的ARR数据,显示ARR的平均差异(ΔARR = ARRpre-RTX - ARRpost-RTX)为0.74(95% CI 0.19-1.29,P = 0.008):RTX在降低复发频率方面表现出疗效,并在两年随访期间表现出稳定残疾进展的潜力,尤其是在病程较短的患者中。
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引用次数: 0
Sensitivity and specificity of the Salzburg EEG criteria for nonconvulsive status epilepticus 非惊厥性癫痫状态的萨尔茨堡脑电图标准的敏感性和特异性。
IF 4.4 2区 医学 Q1 CLINICAL NEUROLOGY Pub Date : 2024-08-26 DOI: 10.1002/acn3.52184
Line B. Ulvin, Kristian B. Nilsen, Erik Taubøll, Lars Etholm, Kjell Heuser

Objective

The Salzburg EEG criteria for nonconvulsive status epilepticus (NCSE) have been proposed as consensus criteria for NCSE. We aimed to perform an independent study of their diagnostic accuracy.

Methods

A prospective study was carried out at Oslo University Hospital, including all consecutive patients ≥15 years old who were referred for an EEG with an explicit or implicit question of NCSE from February 2020 to February 2022. Two independent EEG readers scored the included EEGs according to the Salzburg criteria and blinded to the clinical data. The reference standard was defined as the clinical diagnosis the patient received based on all available clinical and paraclinical data. Diagnostic accuracy in identifying “certain/possible NCSE” was assessed by calculating sensitivity, specificity, positive predictive value, and negative predictive value with their 95% confidence intervals.

Results

In total, 469 patients/EEGs were included in the study. The prevalence of NCSE according to the reference standard was 11% (n = 53). The criteria showed a sensitivity of 94% (95% CI: 92–96%), a specificity of 77% (95% CI: 73–81%), a positive predictive value of 34% (95% CI: 30–39%), and a negative predictive value of 99% (95% CI: 98–100%). False positives for “certain NCSE” (n = 16) included many serial seizures and stimulus-induced rhythmic and periodic discharges (SIRPIDs), as well as a focal cortical dysplasia. False positives for “possible NCSE” (n = 79) were mainly represented by different encephalopathies and postictality.

Interpretation

The low specificity of the Salzburg criteria calls for refinement before implementation into daily clinical practice.

目的:萨尔茨堡非惊厥性癫痫状态(NCSE)脑电图标准已被提出作为 NCSE 的共识标准。我们旨在对其诊断准确性进行独立研究:我们在奥斯陆大学医院开展了一项前瞻性研究,研究对象包括 2020 年 2 月至 2022 年 2 月期间所有转诊接受脑电图检查并明确或隐含 NCSE 问题的年龄≥15 岁的连续患者。两名独立的脑电图阅读者根据萨尔茨堡标准对纳入的脑电图进行评分,并对临床数据进行盲测。参考标准被定义为根据所有可用的临床和准临床数据对患者做出的临床诊断。通过计算灵敏度、特异性、阳性预测值和阴性预测值及其 95% 置信区间,评估识别 "确定/可能的 NCSE "的诊断准确性:研究共纳入了 469 名患者/EEG。根据参考标准,NCSE 的发病率为 11%(n = 53)。该标准的灵敏度为 94% (95% CI: 92-96%),特异度为 77% (95% CI: 73-81%),阳性预测值为 34% (95% CI: 30-39%),阴性预测值为 99% (95% CI: 98-100%)。某些 NCSE"(n = 16)的假阳性包括许多连续性癫痫发作和刺激诱发的节律性和周期性放电(SIRPID),以及局灶性皮质发育不良。可能的 NCSE "假阳性(n = 79)主要表现为不同的脑病和发作后症状:解释:萨尔茨堡标准的特异性较低,在应用于日常临床实践之前需要对其进行改进。
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引用次数: 0
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Annals of Clinical and Translational Neurology
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