Pub Date : 2018-12-23DOI: 10.17170/kobra-2018122069
I. Kulchii
Sustainable rural development involves the attainment of a balanced development of the economic, ecological and social spheres within a community. For this purpose, the state agrarian policy should be aimed at achieving three goals: 1) food security of the state; 2) solving of social and environmental problems in rural areas; and, 3) the transformation of the agrarian sector into a highly effective, competitive domestic and foreign market economy sector of the state. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the legal framework for the sustainable rural development of Ukraine by analyzing the state agricultural policy in this area.
{"title":"Sustainable rural development in Ukraine: Legal aspect","authors":"I. Kulchii","doi":"10.17170/kobra-2018122069","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17170/kobra-2018122069","url":null,"abstract":"Sustainable rural development involves the attainment of a balanced development of the economic, ecological and social spheres within a community. For this purpose, the state agrarian policy should be aimed at achieving three goals: 1) food security of the state; 2) solving of social and environmental problems in rural areas; and, 3) the transformation of the agrarian sector into a highly effective, competitive domestic and foreign market economy sector of the state. Therefore, the purpose of the article is to study the legal framework for the sustainable rural development of Ukraine by analyzing the state agricultural policy in this area.","PeriodicalId":12705,"journal":{"name":"Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society","volume":"6 1","pages":"29-40"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45389450","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-23DOI: 10.17170/KOBRA-2018122070
A. Farag, M. H. G. El-Moula, M. Maze, Raghdaa A. El Gendy, H. A. Radwan
Egypt agriculture is facing a great joint challenge of ensuring food security and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions under climate change. Characterizing the carbon footprints of crop production by life cycle analysis is be critical for identifying the key measures to mitigate greenhouse gas emission while sustaining crop productivity in the near future. Agriculture contributes a significant share of greenhouse gas emissions and concurrently represents a carbon dioxide (CO2) sink; it thus has two fold opposing impacts on climate change. The carbon footprint of agricultural products is one of main measures for monitoring the efficiency and sustainability of agricultural productivity processes. Studies on the sustainability of crop production systems should consider both the footprint and the crop yield. In this study, 10-years of wheat and corn cultivated area and yield were used from the statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation. Egypt is divided into four regions; Delta, Middle, and Upper Egypt and lands outside the Nile Valley to estimate greenhouse gas emission. The greenhouse gas emission estimated from different sources Nitrous oxide N2O (synthetic fertilizers, manure fertilizer and crop residues) and carbon dioxide from fuel consumption (operation machinery and water pump) for both crops wheat and corn. The results indicated that synthetic fertilizer had the highest greenhouse gas emission 47.2 and 45.5% for wheat and corn, respectively. The manure fertilizer presented the second source of greenhouse gas emission 35.4 and 33% for wheat and corn. The lowest emissions were released from the fuel consumption (4.4 and 4.8%) for wheat and corn, respectively. The carbon footprint for wheat was 0.239 and 0.307 kg CO2eq /kg grain yield for corn.
在气候变化下，埃及农业面临着确保粮食安全和减少温室气体排放的巨大联合挑战。通过生命周期分析来表征作物生产的碳足迹，对于确定在不久的将来减少温室气体排放同时保持作物生产力的关键措施至关重要。农业在温室气体排放中占很大份额，同时也是二氧化碳汇；因此，它对气候变化有两个相反的影响。农产品的碳足迹是监测农业生产力过程的效率和可持续性的主要措施之一。对作物生产系统可持续性的研究应同时考虑足迹和作物产量。本研究采用了农业和土地复垦部统计的10年小麦和玉米种植面积和产量。埃及分为四个地区；三角洲、中埃及和上埃及以及尼罗河流域外的土地，以估计温室气体排放量。小麦和玉米作物的不同来源的一氧化二氮（合成肥料、肥料和作物残留物）和燃料消耗（操作机械和水泵）产生的二氧化碳估计的温室气体排放量。结果表明，合成肥料对小麦和玉米的温室气体排放量最高，分别为47.2%和45.5%。粪肥是小麦和玉米温室气体排放的第二来源，分别为35.4%和33%。排放量最低的是小麦和玉米的燃料消耗量（分别为4.4%和4.8%）。小麦的碳足迹分别为0.239和0.307 kg CO2eq/kg玉米产量。
{"title":"Carbon footprint for wheat and corn under Egyptian condition","authors":"A. Farag, M. H. G. El-Moula, M. Maze, Raghdaa A. El Gendy, H. A. Radwan","doi":"10.17170/KOBRA-2018122070","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17170/KOBRA-2018122070","url":null,"abstract":"Egypt agriculture is facing a great joint challenge of ensuring food security and mitigating greenhouse gas emissions under climate change. Characterizing the carbon footprints of crop production by life cycle analysis is be critical for identifying the key measures to mitigate greenhouse gas emission while sustaining crop productivity in the near future. Agriculture contributes a significant share of greenhouse gas emissions and concurrently represents a carbon dioxide (CO2) sink; it thus has two fold opposing impacts on climate change. The carbon footprint of agricultural products is one of main measures for monitoring the efficiency and sustainability of agricultural productivity processes. Studies on the sustainability of crop production systems should consider both the footprint and the crop yield. In this study, 10-years of wheat and corn cultivated area and yield were used from the statistics of the Ministry of Agriculture and Land Reclamation. Egypt is divided into four regions; Delta, Middle, and Upper Egypt and lands outside the Nile Valley to estimate greenhouse gas emission. The greenhouse gas emission estimated from different sources Nitrous oxide N2O (synthetic fertilizers, manure fertilizer and crop residues) and carbon dioxide from fuel consumption (operation machinery and water pump) for both crops wheat and corn. The results indicated that synthetic fertilizer had the highest greenhouse gas emission 47.2 and 45.5% for wheat and corn, respectively. The manure fertilizer presented the second source of greenhouse gas emission 35.4 and 33% for wheat and corn. The lowest emissions were released from the fuel consumption (4.4 and 4.8%) for wheat and corn, respectively. The carbon footprint for wheat was 0.239 and 0.307 kg CO2eq /kg grain yield for corn.","PeriodicalId":12705,"journal":{"name":"Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society","volume":"6 1","pages":"41-54"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45171239","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-12-23DOI: 10.17170/KOBRA-2018122068
Nadia Asghar, A. Salman
Food possesses a great importance in the lives of human beings as it provides energy and strength to the human body to think, grow and develop. The global population is increasing day by day, becoming even more difficult to manage food for every human being on earth. It is the responsibility of every state to provide food for its citizens. “Zero Hunger” is one of the major goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs’) which aims to eradicate hunger from world. Several causes of food insecurity are identified by researchers and policy makers. This paper explains the importance of financial intermediation in food security as food is a basic human right and one of the foremost major issues of the nations which needs addressed. Pakistan is considered one of those countries which are food insecure, while most of its population is poor and have large family sizes. There are many causes of food shortage and malnutrition like poverty, unemployment, inequalities in income, among others but the most pronounced is the weak agriculture sector and limited financial capacity of majority of its people. Nobel Prize winner “Amartya Sen” discussed the issue of food insecurity with respect to poverty (i.e. low purchasing power), however, this paper addresses the issue of food insecurity from the supply side. The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of credit on food production. Financial intermediation can increase food supply by encouraging the use of quality inputs which aids food security. Primary data is collected through a survey, and the Cobb Douglas Production Function is used for econometric analysis. Results indicate that the credit plays a significant and positive role in the increase of food production. Production of the borrowers increased after utilizing the credit due to the use of quality farming inputs. Increased production leads to low prices which increases the purchasing power of the people and ensures food security by providing ample quantity of food for everyone and everywhere. It also reveals that credit is not only helpful in achieving the “zero hunger challenge but also for reducing poverty by increasing the income of the borrowers. The paper concludes with policy suggestions to strengthen the agriculture sector, financial institutions and credit policies thus ensuring food security.
{"title":"Financial Access and Food Productivity Nexus: Evidence from Pakistan","authors":"Nadia Asghar, A. Salman","doi":"10.17170/KOBRA-2018122068","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17170/KOBRA-2018122068","url":null,"abstract":"Food possesses a great importance in the lives of human beings as it provides energy and strength to the human body to think, grow and develop. The global population is increasing day by day, becoming even more difficult to manage food for every human being on earth. It is the responsibility of every state to provide food for its citizens. “Zero Hunger” is one of the major goals of the Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs’) which aims to eradicate hunger from world. Several causes of food insecurity are identified by researchers and policy makers. This paper explains the importance of financial intermediation in food security as food is a basic human right and one of the foremost major issues of the nations which needs addressed. Pakistan is considered one of those countries which are food insecure, while most of its population is poor and have large family sizes. There are many causes of food shortage and malnutrition like poverty, unemployment, inequalities in income, among others but the most pronounced is the weak agriculture sector and limited financial capacity of majority of its people. Nobel Prize winner “Amartya Sen” discussed the issue of food insecurity with respect to poverty (i.e. low purchasing power), however, this paper addresses the issue of food insecurity from the supply side. The aim of the study is to analyze the impact of credit on food production. Financial intermediation can increase food supply by encouraging the use of quality inputs which aids food security. Primary data is collected through a survey, and the Cobb Douglas Production Function is used for econometric analysis. Results indicate that the credit plays a significant and positive role in the increase of food production. Production of the borrowers increased after utilizing the credit due to the use of quality farming inputs. Increased production leads to low prices which increases the purchasing power of the people and ensures food security by providing ample quantity of food for everyone and everywhere. It also reveals that credit is not only helpful in achieving the “zero hunger challenge but also for reducing poverty by increasing the income of the borrowers. The paper concludes with policy suggestions to strengthen the agriculture sector, financial institutions and credit policies thus ensuring food security.","PeriodicalId":12705,"journal":{"name":"Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society","volume":"6 1","pages":"21-28"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"46184997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Based on insights from an ongoing research project on food sustainability, we argue that discussing sustainable diets in isolation from food systems poses risks. Among these risks are making healthy diets exclusive, or ignoring externalities like biodiversity loss, land concentration, and encroachment on commons. Case studies from Bolivia and Kenya show how marked shifts from traditional to more uniform diets rich in sugar, salt, and fatty acids come with a radical transformation of food systems. Systems formerly based on local knowledge, local inputs, and local labor relations become dependent on external inputs, heavy mechanization, and productive specialization. Making diets more sustainable requires policies that protect existing and strengthen new forms of family and community farming. We discuss critical links between sustainable diets and sustainable food systems with reference to five principles of food sustainability: food security, the right to food, reduction of poverty and inequality, environmental performance, and resilience. Our analysis provides a basis for more comprehensive research and policies that minimize trade-offs and maximize synergies between sustainable diets and food systems.
{"title":"Linking sustainable diets to the concept of food system sustainability","authors":"T. Tribaldos, J. Jacobi, S. Rist","doi":"10.7892/BORIS.121198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.7892/BORIS.121198","url":null,"abstract":"Based on insights from an ongoing research project on food sustainability, we argue that discussing sustainable diets in isolation from food systems poses risks. Among these risks are making healthy diets exclusive, or ignoring externalities like biodiversity loss, land concentration, and encroachment on commons. Case studies from Bolivia and Kenya show how marked shifts from traditional to more uniform diets rich in sugar, salt, and fatty acids come with a radical transformation of food systems. Systems formerly based on local knowledge, local inputs, and local labor relations become dependent on external inputs, heavy mechanization, and productive specialization. Making diets more sustainable requires policies that protect existing and strengthen new forms of family and community farming. We discuss critical links between sustainable diets and sustainable food systems with reference to five principles of food sustainability: food security, the right to food, reduction of poverty and inequality, environmental performance, and resilience. Our analysis provides a basis for more comprehensive research and policies that minimize trade-offs and maximize synergies between sustainable diets and food systems.","PeriodicalId":12705,"journal":{"name":"Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society","volume":"6 1","pages":"71-84"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-12-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49405973","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-06-05DOI: 10.17170/KOBRA-2018122072
B. Nkrumah
Africans are migrating to cities. With the continent’s cities projected to double in population by 2050, the issue of food insecurity in urban areas is increasingly becoming a major concern. To sustain this urban explosion, the question of how to maintain constant food supply to urban residents remains an urgent priority since these locations do not always get access to adequate food. There has, however, been little work on examining urban agriculture (UA) as an alternative means of reducing hunger in Africa, especially in the face of climate change. Some city authorities have argued that UA must be shifted to rural areas since they constitute a public health nuisance. The paper, however, is based on the hypothesis that food production in locations with high demands mitigates against climate change and addresses Africa’s food insecurities by exploiting new avenues for cultivation. To this end, an extensive literature review was conducted, resulting in the identification of different degrees of opposition from policy-makers and urban authorities, who usually underrate the actual contribution and value of UA to urban food security. It is recommended that considering the increasing recognition of urban farming, planners and policymakers must collectively design interventions to enhance urban food production.
{"title":"Africa’s future: Demarginalizing urban agriculture in the era of climate change","authors":"B. Nkrumah","doi":"10.17170/KOBRA-2018122072","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17170/KOBRA-2018122072","url":null,"abstract":"Africans are migrating to cities. With the continent’s cities projected to double in population by 2050, the issue of food insecurity in urban areas is increasingly becoming a major concern. To sustain this urban explosion, the question of how to maintain constant food supply to urban residents remains an urgent priority since these locations do not always get access to adequate food. There has, however, been little work on examining urban agriculture (UA) as an alternative means of reducing hunger in Africa, especially in the face of climate change. Some city authorities have argued that UA must be shifted to rural areas since they constitute a public health nuisance. The paper, however, is based on the hypothesis that food production in locations with high demands mitigates against climate change and addresses Africa’s food insecurities by exploiting new avenues for cultivation. To this end, an extensive literature review was conducted, resulting in the identification of different degrees of opposition from policy-makers and urban authorities, who usually underrate the actual contribution and value of UA to urban food security. It is recommended that considering the increasing recognition of urban farming, planners and policymakers must collectively design interventions to enhance urban food production.","PeriodicalId":12705,"journal":{"name":"Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society","volume":"7 1","pages":"8-20"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2018-06-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48398349","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Eco-Cultural Networks and the British Empire. New Views on Environmental History","authors":"Sören Köpke","doi":"10.5040/9781474210614","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5040/9781474210614","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12705,"journal":{"name":"Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society","volume":"4 1","pages":"78"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2016-12-23","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"70523458","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2015-12-16DOI: 10.1007/978-3-030-51812-7_98-1
Robert C. Brears
{"title":"Circular Economy and the Water-Food Nexus","authors":"Robert C. Brears","doi":"10.1007/978-3-030-51812-7_98-1","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-51812-7_98-1","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12705,"journal":{"name":"Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society","volume":"07 1","pages":"53-59"},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"2015-12-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"50966533","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1984-01-31DOI: 10.9783/9781512803792-012
M. B. Lightwood
{"title":"General economic theory","authors":"M. B. Lightwood","doi":"10.9783/9781512803792-012","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.9783/9781512803792-012","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12705,"journal":{"name":"Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society","volume":"14 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"1984-01-31","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78274912","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811808-5.09001-2
{"title":"Abbreviations","authors":"","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-811808-5.09001-2","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-811808-5.09001-2","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12705,"journal":{"name":"Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society","volume":"50 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"84265966","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1016/b978-0-12-811808-5.00024-6
Miguel Gassmann de Oliveira
{"title":"The financial environment","authors":"Miguel Gassmann de Oliveira","doi":"10.1016/b978-0-12-811808-5.00024-6","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1016/b978-0-12-811808-5.00024-6","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12705,"journal":{"name":"Future of Food: Journal on Food, Agriculture and Society","volume":"10 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":1.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86861968","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
京公网安备 11010802042870号
京ICP备2023020795号-1
扫码关注我们
求助内容：
应助结果提醒方式：