Pub Date : 2021-11-09DOI: 10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556150
Y. Sasano
{"title":"Influence of Somatosensory Inputs to the Shoulder on the Semicircular-Ocular Reflex and Otolith-Ocular Reflex","authors":"Y. Sasano","doi":"10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556150","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12708,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"34 12 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83007304","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-10-11DOI: 10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556147
Clarissa S G da Fontoura
For decades, the impact of mouth breathing on malocclusion has been a contentious topic within dentists and otolaryngologist. When malocclusion is correlated with mouth breathing, patients display modifications in tooth and jaw positioning, facial height, and morphological changes in the oropharynx. However, the interaction between dentists and physicians is limited, even though it is in the best interest of the patients to be treated with a joint approach. This inadequate interaction is partially due to the lack of proper communication, limited interdisciplinary knowledge, and poor coordination between the professionals that should be involved in the case. For the patient, the interdisciplinary approach between dentists and otolaryngologists is beneficial, resulting in less costly and shorter treatments. The dentist, with an early diagnosis for a mouth breathing patient, ensures a correct treatment plan, potentially avoiding progression of the malocclusion as well as further dental and skeletal deformations. The otolaryngologist can improve the respiratory function and restore oral muscle balance. This will also prevent the establishment of a malocclusion, avoid the progression and/or prevent treatment relapses if a malocclusion is present. In this mini review we present how mouth breathing is associated with malocclusion, the most common facial phenotype in mouth breathers and discuss the dental management of malocclusion cases associated with mouth breathing.
{"title":"The Interconnection between Malocclusion and Mouth Breathing","authors":"Clarissa S G da Fontoura","doi":"10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556147","url":null,"abstract":"For decades, the impact of mouth breathing on malocclusion has been a contentious topic within dentists and otolaryngologist. When malocclusion is correlated with mouth breathing, patients display modifications in tooth and jaw positioning, facial height, and morphological changes in the oropharynx. However, the interaction between dentists and physicians is limited, even though it is in the best interest of the patients to be treated with a joint approach. This inadequate interaction is partially due to the lack of proper communication, limited interdisciplinary knowledge, and poor coordination between the professionals that should be involved in the case. For the patient, the interdisciplinary approach between dentists and otolaryngologists is beneficial, resulting in less costly and shorter treatments. The dentist, with an early diagnosis for a mouth breathing patient, ensures a correct treatment plan, potentially avoiding progression of the malocclusion as well as further dental and skeletal deformations. The otolaryngologist can improve the respiratory function and restore oral muscle balance. This will also prevent the establishment of a malocclusion, avoid the progression and/or prevent treatment relapses if a malocclusion is present. In this mini review we present how mouth breathing is associated with malocclusion, the most common facial phenotype in mouth breathers and discuss the dental management of malocclusion cases associated with mouth breathing.","PeriodicalId":12708,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"38 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81467163","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-19DOI: 10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556145
Lulwah Sami Alturki
Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare proliferative disorder that originates from myeloid-derived precursor dendritic cell, not the Langerhans cell in the skin. The etiology and subsequent development of LCH are idiopathic and not well understood. A 28-day full term baby girl referred her to high tertiary care center due to mass in nasopharynx for further management. Patient was intubated with normal size tube in low sitting mode, no facial dysmorphic feature, fiberoptic nasal scope showed patent nasal cavity bilaterally, mass was encountered at the lower end of nasopharynx with normal covering mucosa. MRI brain and sinuses with contrast demonstrates a single relatively well-defined mass, its epicenter seen at the nasopharynx posterior wall. Its showing extension to the adjacent osseous structures including C1 anterior arch, inferior clivus and bilateral occipital condyle. Transoral biopsy done in the operating room under general anesthesia which confirm the diagnosis of LCH. Case was discussed in the pediatric tumor board, and it was decided to start her on Vinblastine and prednisolone. Patient received Vinblastine 6 mg/m2 IV weekly bolus for 6 weeks, with systemic prednisone 40 mg/m2/day in three divided doses for 4 weeks and then tapered over the following 2 weeks. A follow-up FDG PET was performed for the whole body and MRI of head and neck Interval improvement of the nasopharyngeal and clival mass without significant residual, no enlarged or suspicious cervical lymph nodes. LCH is a rare condition and prevalent among early age group. Occur in any part of body including nasopharynx and oropharynx.
{"title":"Unusual Site of Langerhans Cell Histiocytosis Involving Nasopharynx","authors":"Lulwah Sami Alturki","doi":"10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556145","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556145","url":null,"abstract":"Langerhans cell histiocytosis (LCH) is a rare proliferative disorder that originates from myeloid-derived precursor dendritic cell, not the Langerhans cell in the skin. The etiology and subsequent development of LCH are idiopathic and not well understood. A 28-day full term baby girl referred her to high tertiary care center due to mass in nasopharynx for further management. Patient was intubated with normal size tube in low sitting mode, no facial dysmorphic feature, fiberoptic nasal scope showed patent nasal cavity bilaterally, mass was encountered at the lower end of nasopharynx with normal covering mucosa. MRI brain and sinuses with contrast demonstrates a single relatively well-defined mass, its epicenter seen at the nasopharynx posterior wall. Its showing extension to the adjacent osseous structures including C1 anterior arch, inferior clivus and bilateral occipital condyle. Transoral biopsy done in the operating room under general anesthesia which confirm the diagnosis of LCH. Case was discussed in the pediatric tumor board, and it was decided to start her on Vinblastine and prednisolone. Patient received Vinblastine 6 mg/m2 IV weekly bolus for 6 weeks, with systemic prednisone 40 mg/m2/day in three divided doses for 4 weeks and then tapered over the following 2 weeks. A follow-up FDG PET was performed for the whole body and MRI of head and neck Interval improvement of the nasopharyngeal and clival mass without significant residual, no enlarged or suspicious cervical lymph nodes. LCH is a rare condition and prevalent among early age group. Occur in any part of body including nasopharynx and oropharynx.","PeriodicalId":12708,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"2 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80987009","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-16DOI: 10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556144
B. Jalaei
Objective: The main goal of this study is to examine the differences in response with click and chirp stimuli between infants with and without blood exchange transfusions and if there is a significant difference, this could be due to nerve damage, and therefore in these infants, it may also be indicative of future neural damage. Method: In this study, 59 infants (59 ears) of both sexes aged from 4 to 9 months were included as cases. Of these, 23 were healthy infants (16 boys, 7 girls), 20 were jaundiced (12 boys, 8 girls), and 16 were infants with jaundice and blood exchange transfusions (7 boys, 9 girls). Auditory brainstem response test using click 100 µsec and chirp stimuli at 60dB nHL was done. Waves I, III, and V were marked using a cursor. The latency of the wave V and I - III, III - V, and I - V latency intervals were recorded. Results: Findings of the present study showed that the latency times obtained with the chirp stimulus have a shorter latency than the click. Another notable finding in this study was the increasing trend of latency of all waves with chirp stimulus that means in all the waves I, III and V with the use of chirp stimulus, blood transfusion group has the longest latency, followed by the jaundice group and the normal group, respectively. Conclusion: This finding is highly indicative of neurotoxicity in the blood transfusion group despite the passage of four months after treatment.
{"title":"Detection of Neurotoxicity Through the Comparison of Jaundiced Infants with and without Blood Transfusion with Normal Infants: An ABR Documentation","authors":"B. Jalaei","doi":"10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556144","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556144","url":null,"abstract":"Objective: The main goal of this study is to examine the differences in response with click and chirp stimuli between infants with and without blood exchange transfusions and if there is a significant difference, this could be due to nerve damage, and therefore in these infants, it may also be indicative of future neural damage. Method: In this study, 59 infants (59 ears) of both sexes aged from 4 to 9 months were included as cases. Of these, 23 were healthy infants (16 boys, 7 girls), 20 were jaundiced (12 boys, 8 girls), and 16 were infants with jaundice and blood exchange transfusions (7 boys, 9 girls). Auditory brainstem response test using click 100 µsec and chirp stimuli at 60dB nHL was done. Waves I, III, and V were marked using a cursor. The latency of the wave V and I - III, III - V, and I - V latency intervals were recorded. Results: Findings of the present study showed that the latency times obtained with the chirp stimulus have a shorter latency than the click. Another notable finding in this study was the increasing trend of latency of all waves with chirp stimulus that means in all the waves I, III and V with the use of chirp stimulus, blood transfusion group has the longest latency, followed by the jaundice group and the normal group, respectively. Conclusion: This finding is highly indicative of neurotoxicity in the blood transfusion group despite the passage of four months after treatment.","PeriodicalId":12708,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"4 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-16","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81169994","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-08-11DOI: 10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556143
Lulwah Al Saidan
Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common thyroid malignancy. Yet it has the best prognosis. The combination of both papillary thyroid cancer and hematological malignancies is considered extremely rare. We present here a case of a young adult with a three-month history of a right neck mass, associated with night sweats and weight loss. A pan CT was done which showed multiple enlarged cervical, axillary and right inguinal lymph nodes. Fine needle aspiration of a thyroid nodule and lymph nodes was done showing a papillary thyroid cancer and high-grade malignant tumor of the lymph nodes. A multidisciplinary team was engaged with proper counseling of the patient was done. He underwent a hemithyroidectomy with an excisional biopsy of the lymph nodes. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. This case delineates the extreme rarity of having synchronous incidence of papillary thyroid cancer and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, in addition to the complexity of clinical management due to the limited literature available.
{"title":"Synchronous Papillary Thyroid Cancer and Hodgkin’s Lymphoma: A Rare Case Report","authors":"Lulwah Al Saidan","doi":"10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556143","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556143","url":null,"abstract":"Papillary thyroid cancer is the most common thyroid malignancy. Yet it has the best prognosis. The combination of both papillary thyroid cancer and hematological malignancies is considered extremely rare. We present here a case of a young adult with a three-month history of a right neck mass, associated with night sweats and weight loss. A pan CT was done which showed multiple enlarged cervical, axillary and right inguinal lymph nodes. Fine needle aspiration of a thyroid nodule and lymph nodes was done showing a papillary thyroid cancer and high-grade malignant tumor of the lymph nodes. A multidisciplinary team was engaged with proper counseling of the patient was done. He underwent a hemithyroidectomy with an excisional biopsy of the lymph nodes. Histopathology confirmed the diagnosis of papillary thyroid microcarcinoma and Hodgkin’s lymphoma. This case delineates the extreme rarity of having synchronous incidence of papillary thyroid cancer and Hodgkin’s lymphoma, in addition to the complexity of clinical management due to the limited literature available.","PeriodicalId":12708,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"78831733","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-07-26DOI: 10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556142
Eman A Hajr
{"title":"Knowledge, Attitude and Complications Related to Ear Candling: A Pilot Study among Medical Students","authors":"Eman A Hajr","doi":"10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556142","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556142","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12708,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"304 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-07-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76441745","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-20DOI: 10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556140
Ndadi Tchiengang K Junie
Summary The malignant hemopathies can affect the pharynx tissues. It can manifest as necrotic and ulcerative damages of the pharyngeal mucosa. Although nonspecific, angina can indicate a malignant hemopathie. In front of a dragging tonsillitis associated with a persistent fever, the otolaryngologist (ENT) should request a hematologic assessment for an etiology search. We report a case of acute leukemia with myelofibrosis and a case of acute monoblastic leukemia revealed by tonsillitis.
{"title":"Angina Indicative of Malignant Hemopathies: About Two Cases","authors":"Ndadi Tchiengang K Junie","doi":"10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556140","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556140","url":null,"abstract":"Summary The malignant hemopathies can affect the pharynx tissues. It can manifest as necrotic and ulcerative damages of the pharyngeal mucosa. Although nonspecific, angina can indicate a malignant hemopathie. In front of a dragging tonsillitis associated with a persistent fever, the otolaryngologist (ENT) should request a hematologic assessment for an etiology search. We report a case of acute leukemia with myelofibrosis and a case of acute monoblastic leukemia revealed by tonsillitis.","PeriodicalId":12708,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"1 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86696263","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-18DOI: 10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556139
Ichiroh Fukumoto
Pediatric cholesteatoma is classified into congenital cholesteatoma and acquired cholesteatoma. As congenital cholesteatoma has few symptoms, the cases are usually discovered with hearing loss during the examination during enrollment in an elementary school. Acquired cholesteatoma is associated with inflammatory changes and eustachian tube dysfunction of the middle ear, and it is said that most cases are more severe than congenital cholesteatoma. We analyzed 46 cases (47 ears) of pediatric cholesteatoma, diagnosed before attending school and operated upon. We also examined the discovery mechanism, classification, progress level, operative methods of cholesteatoma, postoperative hearing tests, and recurrences. Approximately 85% of these cases were of congenital cholesteatoma; additionally, approximately 15% had acquired cholesteatoma. As a result, there were no significant differences between congenital cholesteatoma cases and acquired cholesteatoma cases in terms of the degree of progression, hearing ability prognosis, and rate of recurrence. Moreover, the rate of recurrence and hearing ability prognoses were better than those in previous reports. In general, there are several cases in which the cholesteatoma extends to anatomical blind spots such as the tympanic sinus or facial recess in pediatric cholesteatoma. Several papers have discussed the availability of middle ear surgeries using endoscopy (i.e., trans canal endoscopic ear surgery [TEES]). However, we performed middle ear surgery using microscopy (i.e., microscopic ear surgery [MES]) in all cases, and we have invented a way to find operation fields using procedures such as drilling the anterior wall of the external auditory canals. In conclusion, we believe that polite dissection of the cholesteatoma matrix under the microscope is an important factor in the low rate of recurrence of cholesteatoma..
{"title":"Pre-School Pediatric Cholesteatoma: 46 Cases","authors":"Ichiroh Fukumoto","doi":"10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556139","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556139","url":null,"abstract":"Pediatric cholesteatoma is classified into congenital cholesteatoma and acquired cholesteatoma. As congenital cholesteatoma has few symptoms, the cases are usually discovered with hearing loss during the examination during enrollment in an elementary school. Acquired cholesteatoma is associated with inflammatory changes and eustachian tube dysfunction of the middle ear, and it is said that most cases are more severe than congenital cholesteatoma. We analyzed 46 cases (47 ears) of pediatric cholesteatoma, diagnosed before attending school and operated upon. We also examined the discovery mechanism, classification, progress level, operative methods of cholesteatoma, postoperative hearing tests, and recurrences. Approximately 85% of these cases were of congenital cholesteatoma; additionally, approximately 15% had acquired cholesteatoma. As a result, there were no significant differences between congenital cholesteatoma cases and acquired cholesteatoma cases in terms of the degree of progression, hearing ability prognosis, and rate of recurrence. Moreover, the rate of recurrence and hearing ability prognoses were better than those in previous reports. In general, there are several cases in which the cholesteatoma extends to anatomical blind spots such as the tympanic sinus or facial recess in pediatric cholesteatoma. Several papers have discussed the availability of middle ear surgeries using endoscopy (i.e., trans canal endoscopic ear surgery [TEES]). However, we performed middle ear surgery using microscopy (i.e., microscopic ear surgery [MES]) in all cases, and we have invented a way to find operation fields using procedures such as drilling the anterior wall of the external auditory canals. In conclusion, we believe that polite dissection of the cholesteatoma matrix under the microscope is an important factor in the low rate of recurrence of cholesteatoma..","PeriodicalId":12708,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"87 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83796144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2021-05-14DOI: 10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556138
S. Sachdeva
Fibro-osseous lesions are a group of disorders that can arise from any part of the facial skeleton and include ossifying fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, giant cell lesions etc. Almost 70 percent of these lesions arise in the head and neck. The most common sites affected are maxilla and mandible. Occasionally, they have also been reported in orbitofrontal bone, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, and skull base. We report a rare case of recurring ossifying fibroma of the external auditory canal.
{"title":"A Rare Case of Recurring Ossifying Fibroma of the External Auditory Canal","authors":"S. Sachdeva","doi":"10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556138","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.19080/gjo.2021.24.556138","url":null,"abstract":"Fibro-osseous lesions are a group of disorders that can arise from any part of the facial skeleton and include ossifying fibroma, fibrous dysplasia, giant cell lesions etc. Almost 70 percent of these lesions arise in the head and neck. The most common sites affected are maxilla and mandible. Occasionally, they have also been reported in orbitofrontal bone, paranasal sinuses, nasopharynx, and skull base. We report a rare case of recurring ossifying fibroma of the external auditory canal.","PeriodicalId":12708,"journal":{"name":"Global Journal of Otolaryngology","volume":"409 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2021-05-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"79828121","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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