Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICDP.1996.864217
T. Wolff, K.-P. Lohr
The Heron system is a language-independent platform for distributed object systems. As opposed to similar platforms such as Amadeus or CORBA, it neither meddles with the language systems nor compromises distribution transparency. This paper, after presenting the basic design issues, focuses on the notion of remote inheritance and on how to support language heterogeneity without writing IDL code.
{"title":"Transparently programming heterogeneous distributed systems","authors":"T. Wolff, K.-P. Lohr","doi":"10.1109/ICDP.1996.864217","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDP.1996.864217","url":null,"abstract":"The Heron system is a language-independent platform for distributed object systems. As opposed to similar platforms such as Amadeus or CORBA, it neither meddles with the language systems nor compromises distribution transparency. This paper, after presenting the basic design issues, focuses on the notion of remote inheritance and on how to support language heterogeneity without writing IDL code.","PeriodicalId":127207,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms","volume":"16 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"130255403","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICDP.1996.864213
Y. Hoffner
Interception is the process which creates and inserts the appropriate gateways when a binding between a client and a server is established across domain boundaries. The inserted gateways can perform the required transformations in the case of technical differences, the checking and vetting in cases where administrative boundaries are necessary, and the monitoring where auditing is required. The paper introduce a model of interception and then shows how it can be used to explain the implementation alternatives which face system and application integrators who are concerned with inter operability between different distributed platforms. The paper then looks in detail at one application of interception, namely that of passing interface references through domain boundaries. In particular the structure of interface references required to facilitate the different implementations, and the role of binding in this process are explained. The implications of implementing the different approaches on the design of distributed platforms are then discussed. This paper provides a model which explains the issues discussed in the OMG CORBA Universal Networked Object (UNO) proposal [UNO 95], as well as discussing some of the issues which are not tackled by the proposal.
{"title":"Inter-operability and distributed application platform design","authors":"Y. Hoffner","doi":"10.1109/ICDP.1996.864213","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDP.1996.864213","url":null,"abstract":"Interception is the process which creates and inserts the appropriate gateways when a binding between a client and a server is established across domain boundaries. The inserted gateways can perform the required transformations in the case of technical differences, the checking and vetting in cases where administrative boundaries are necessary, and the monitoring where auditing is required. The paper introduce a model of interception and then shows how it can be used to explain the implementation alternatives which face system and application integrators who are concerned with inter operability between different distributed platforms. The paper then looks in detail at one application of interception, namely that of passing interface references through domain boundaries. In particular the structure of interface references required to facilitate the different implementations, and the role of binding in this process are explained. The implications of implementing the different approaches on the design of distributed platforms are then discussed. This paper provides a model which explains the issues discussed in the OMG CORBA Universal Networked Object (UNO) proposal [UNO 95], as well as discussing some of the issues which are not tackled by the proposal.","PeriodicalId":127207,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms","volume":"111 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122730720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICDP.1996.864191
A. Friday, G. Blair, K. Cheverst, N. Davies
Significant advances have been made in recent years in tackling the problem of heterogeneity in distributed systems with ISO/ITU-T standards for a Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP) now approaching international agreement. It is important, however, that such standards and related technologies are responsive to new developments in computer and communications technologies. This paper reports on experiences of using the RM-ODP based platform ANSAware in the development of mobile applications to support field workers in the electricity industry. A number of extensions to ANSAware are described including QoS managed bindings, an enhanced trading service and a new communications protocol. These extensions are evaluated against the requirements of mobile applications.
{"title":"Extensions to ANSAware for advanced mobile applications","authors":"A. Friday, G. Blair, K. Cheverst, N. Davies","doi":"10.1109/ICDP.1996.864191","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDP.1996.864191","url":null,"abstract":"Significant advances have been made in recent years in tackling the problem of heterogeneity in distributed systems with ISO/ITU-T standards for a Reference Model for Open Distributed Processing (RM-ODP) now approaching international agreement. It is important, however, that such standards and related technologies are responsive to new developments in computer and communications technologies. This paper reports on experiences of using the RM-ODP based platform ANSAware in the development of mobile applications to support field workers in the electricity industry. A number of extensions to ANSAware are described including QoS managed bindings, an enhanced trading service and a new communications protocol. These extensions are evaluated against the requirements of mobile applications.","PeriodicalId":127207,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms","volume":"350 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134024464","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICDP.1996.864214
Y. Sameshima
An authentication server which employs the secret-key cryptography holds the secret keys of user clients and application servers in a local database, and this leads to attacks on the database, key propagation from a master server to slave servers and the management from a remote console. The situation of a privilege attribute server is same. In order to solve the problems the author introduces secret key certificate and privilege attribute certificate, which can be handled same as the public key certificate. The certificates can be used not only for authentication and privilege attribute services but also delegation of privilege and messaging system.
{"title":"Security architecture based on secret key and privilege attribute certificates","authors":"Y. Sameshima","doi":"10.1109/ICDP.1996.864214","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDP.1996.864214","url":null,"abstract":"An authentication server which employs the secret-key cryptography holds the secret keys of user clients and application servers in a local database, and this leads to attacks on the database, key propagation from a master server to slave servers and the management from a remote console. The situation of a privilege attribute server is same. In order to solve the problems the author introduces secret key certificate and privilege attribute certificate, which can be handled same as the public key certificate. The certificates can be used not only for authentication and privilege attribute services but also delegation of privilege and messaging system.","PeriodicalId":127207,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133440519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICDP.1996.864199
Zhonghua Yang, A. Vogel
This paper identifies a new heterogeneity - the heterogeneity of middleware platforms. To overcome the interoperability problem caused by this heterogeneity we present an application-level approach - bridges. Various kinds of bridges are identified, designed and discussed. A proof of concept is given by a case study.
{"title":"Achieving interoperability between CORBA and DCE applications using bridges","authors":"Zhonghua Yang, A. Vogel","doi":"10.1109/ICDP.1996.864199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDP.1996.864199","url":null,"abstract":"This paper identifies a new heterogeneity - the heterogeneity of middleware platforms. To overcome the interoperability problem caused by this heterogeneity we present an application-level approach - bridges. Various kinds of bridges are identified, designed and discussed. A proof of concept is given by a case study.","PeriodicalId":127207,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms","volume":"24 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128417250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICDP.1996.864208
T. Redhead
Reliability is a key concern of designers of distributed computing systems. Checkpointing can be used as a basis for designing resilient processes and process-migration schemes, but very few systems which implement process-checkpointing are heterogeneous. 'High-level' process checkpointing schemes capture process-state at a higher level of abstraction than do low-level schemes. The resulting state does not depend on low-level or platform-specific structures, and so is meaningful at any site in a heterogeneous distributed computing network. This paper presents a high-level approach to process checkpointing which is transparent to the programmer, which operates at a fine level of granularity, and which can deal with dynamically allocated memory and multithreaded processes.
{"title":"A high-level process checkpointing and migration scheme for heterogeneous distributed systems","authors":"T. Redhead","doi":"10.1109/ICDP.1996.864208","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDP.1996.864208","url":null,"abstract":"Reliability is a key concern of designers of distributed computing systems. Checkpointing can be used as a basis for designing resilient processes and process-migration schemes, but very few systems which implement process-checkpointing are heterogeneous. 'High-level' process checkpointing schemes capture process-state at a higher level of abstraction than do low-level schemes. The resulting state does not depend on low-level or platform-specific structures, and so is meaningful at any site in a heterogeneous distributed computing network. This paper presents a high-level approach to process checkpointing which is transparent to the programmer, which operates at a fine level of granularity, and which can deal with dynamically allocated memory and multithreaded processes.","PeriodicalId":127207,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133592201","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICDP.1996.864216
J. Dilley
The Object Management Group's Interface Definition Language (OMG IDL) provides a standard for specifying object-oriented interfaces for distributed applications. This paper describes a compiler that allows specification of object interfaces using OMG IDL and implementation using the Open Software Foundation's Distributed Computing Environment (OSFDCE). Using this approach application developers are able to use OMG IDL to define their distributed object interfaces while using the facilities of OSF DCE for remote communications, including the DCE Security Service and DCE's object location service (CDS). This provides a very low-cost infrastructure for the development and deployment of (CORBA-based) object oriented distributed applications.
{"title":"Using OMG IDL to write OODCE applications","authors":"J. Dilley","doi":"10.1109/ICDP.1996.864216","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDP.1996.864216","url":null,"abstract":"The Object Management Group's Interface Definition Language (OMG IDL) provides a standard for specifying object-oriented interfaces for distributed applications. This paper describes a compiler that allows specification of object interfaces using OMG IDL and implementation using the Open Software Foundation's Distributed Computing Environment (OSFDCE). Using this approach application developers are able to use OMG IDL to define their distributed object interfaces while using the facilities of OSF DCE for remote communications, including the DCE Security Service and DCE's object location service (CDS). This provides a very low-cost infrastructure for the development and deployment of (CORBA-based) object oriented distributed applications.","PeriodicalId":127207,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms","volume":"8 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123617296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICDP.1996.864200
M. Bearden, R. Bianchini
This paper presents an efficient and fault-tolerant distributed approach to monitoring the status of processors in a network. The Distributed System Monitor (DSMon) is a distributed, decentralized program that gathers processor information, such as CPU load, user information, and network and disk statistics, in parallel at each processor and reliably distributes the information on-line to all fault-free processors. Information is filtered at each processor and distributed at different priorities to conserve communication resources. Fault-tolerance is achieved by applying the results of previous system-level diagnosis research. An on-line distributed system-level diagnosis algorithm that assumes the PMC fault model and a fully connected network is extended to consistently maintain user-defined state information in an unreliable environment. DSMon has been implemented and currently operates on approximately 200 networked workstations in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Carnegie Mellon University. The key results of this paper include the extension of a distributed system-level diagnosis algorithm for reliable broadcast of current global state, and the specification of the DSMon. A relaxed form of reliable broadcast, called condensed reliable broadcast, is introduced for guaranteeing delivery of the most recently broadcast update, without guaranteeing a complete history of all broadcast updates. The DSMon implementation is described, and its operation in an actual distributed network environment is analyzed. Extensions to this work include other fault and system models and applicability to other distributed applications requiring consistent distributed global state.
{"title":"Efficient and fault-tolerant distributed host monitoring using system-level diagnosis","authors":"M. Bearden, R. Bianchini","doi":"10.1109/ICDP.1996.864200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDP.1996.864200","url":null,"abstract":"This paper presents an efficient and fault-tolerant distributed approach to monitoring the status of processors in a network. The Distributed System Monitor (DSMon) is a distributed, decentralized program that gathers processor information, such as CPU load, user information, and network and disk statistics, in parallel at each processor and reliably distributes the information on-line to all fault-free processors. Information is filtered at each processor and distributed at different priorities to conserve communication resources. Fault-tolerance is achieved by applying the results of previous system-level diagnosis research. An on-line distributed system-level diagnosis algorithm that assumes the PMC fault model and a fully connected network is extended to consistently maintain user-defined state information in an unreliable environment. DSMon has been implemented and currently operates on approximately 200 networked workstations in the Electrical and Computer Engineering Department at Carnegie Mellon University. The key results of this paper include the extension of a distributed system-level diagnosis algorithm for reliable broadcast of current global state, and the specification of the DSMon. A relaxed form of reliable broadcast, called condensed reliable broadcast, is introduced for guaranteeing delivery of the most recently broadcast update, without guaranteeing a complete history of all broadcast updates. The DSMon implementation is described, and its operation in an actual distributed network environment is analyzed. Extensions to this work include other fault and system models and applicability to other distributed applications requiring consistent distributed global state.","PeriodicalId":127207,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms","volume":"18 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121809019","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICDP.1996.864218
D. Muntz, P. Honeyman, C. J. Antonelli
Delayed write in a multilevel file system cache hierarchy offers a way to improve performance in diverse client/server scenarios, such as integrating mass store into a distributed file system or providing distributed file system access over low-speed links. Using file system traces and cache simulations, we explore extensions and modifications to the traditional client-caching model employed in such file systems as AFS, Sprite, and DFS. High cache hit rates at an intermediate cache server-a machine logically interposed between clients and servers that provides cached file service to the clients-combined with high client cache hit rates lend practicality to an integrated mass storage file system. In such a system, magnetic tape or optical-based mass storage devices may be used as a first-class data repository, fronted by disk and RAM caches to offer acceptable access times to the large, but slow, mass storage system. Similarly, a high cache hit rate is necessary for users accessing file systems via low-speed links, where a delayed write intermediate caching server can mediate traffic to make better use of available bandwidth. In an example taken from mobile computing, an intermediate server might be used as a docking station at a user's home. This arrangement would be convenient for users of mobile computers who upload large amounts of data generated while operating in disconnected mode. Simulations of delayed write caching strategies are applicable to both the mass storage and low-speed link scenarios.
{"title":"Evaluating delayed write in a multilevel caching file system","authors":"D. Muntz, P. Honeyman, C. J. Antonelli","doi":"10.1109/ICDP.1996.864218","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDP.1996.864218","url":null,"abstract":"Delayed write in a multilevel file system cache hierarchy offers a way to improve performance in diverse client/server scenarios, such as integrating mass store into a distributed file system or providing distributed file system access over low-speed links. Using file system traces and cache simulations, we explore extensions and modifications to the traditional client-caching model employed in such file systems as AFS, Sprite, and DFS. High cache hit rates at an intermediate cache server-a machine logically interposed between clients and servers that provides cached file service to the clients-combined with high client cache hit rates lend practicality to an integrated mass storage file system. In such a system, magnetic tape or optical-based mass storage devices may be used as a first-class data repository, fronted by disk and RAM caches to offer acceptable access times to the large, but slow, mass storage system. Similarly, a high cache hit rate is necessary for users accessing file systems via low-speed links, where a delayed write intermediate caching server can mediate traffic to make better use of available bandwidth. In an example taken from mobile computing, an intermediate server might be used as a docking station at a user's home. This arrangement would be convenient for users of mobile computers who upload large amounts of data generated while operating in disconnected mode. Simulations of delayed write caching strategies are applicable to both the mass storage and low-speed link scenarios.","PeriodicalId":127207,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms","volume":"1 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129155005","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.1109/ICDP.1996.864222
B. Stiller
The support of sufficient Quality-of-Service (QoS) for applications residing in a distributed environment and running on top of high performance networks is a demanding issue. Currently, the areas to provide this support adequately include communication protocols, operating systems support, and offered network services. A configurable approach of communication protocols offers the needed protocol flexibility to react accordingly on various different requirements. Protocol and operating system internal parameters (such as window sizes, retry counters, or scheduling mechanisms) rely very closely on requested application-oriented or network-dependent QoS. Therefore, these parameters have to be updated due to network changes, such as congestion, to adjust a temporary or semi-permanent "out-of-tune" service behavior. The framework offers a feasible approach of dealing with these updates.
{"title":"A framework for QoS updates in a networking environment","authors":"B. Stiller","doi":"10.1109/ICDP.1996.864222","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/ICDP.1996.864222","url":null,"abstract":"The support of sufficient Quality-of-Service (QoS) for applications residing in a distributed environment and running on top of high performance networks is a demanding issue. Currently, the areas to provide this support adequately include communication protocols, operating systems support, and offered network services. A configurable approach of communication protocols offers the needed protocol flexibility to react accordingly on various different requirements. Protocol and operating system internal parameters (such as window sizes, retry counters, or scheduling mechanisms) rely very closely on requested application-oriented or network-dependent QoS. Therefore, these parameters have to be updated due to network changes, such as congestion, to adjust a temporary or semi-permanent \"out-of-tune\" service behavior. The framework offers a feasible approach of dealing with these updates.","PeriodicalId":127207,"journal":{"name":"Proceedings of IFIP/IEEE International Conference on Distributed Platforms","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124564991","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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