Pub Date : 2017-09-13DOI: 10.5772/INTECHOPEN.69643
Luis M. T. Jesus, Inês Belo, Jessica Machado, Andreia Hall
A new open access resource called Advanced Voice Function Assessment Databases (AVFAD) was developed, based on a sample of 709 individuals (346 clinically diagnosed with vocal pathology and 363 with no vocal alterations) recruited in Portugal. All clinical conditions were registered according to the Classification Manual of Voice Disorders-I. Participants were audio-recorded, producing the following vocal tasks: Sustaining vowels /a, i, u/; reading of six CAPE-V sentences; reading a phonetically balanced text; spontaneous speech. The AVFAD are comprised of 8648 uncompressed audio files and an addi- tional database file with 19 Praat Voice Report parameter values and 16 clinical data entries per participant. An annotated segment of the vowel /a/ for each participant was analysed automatically with a Praat script. Radial graphs were generated considering that all variables had an approximately normal distribution, and using previously calculated average and standard deviation values for all parameters. The normal and pathological f0 mean, Jitter ppq5, Shimmer apq11 and Harmonics-to-Noise-Ratio characteristics were compared. An additional analysis of the relation between the acoustic parameters and gender, age group, smoking habits, body mass index and voice usage, was considered. The AVFAD will allow future cooperative work and testing of non-invasive methods for voice pathology diagnosis. for the female gender, with much larger sample size, the results showed statis tically significant differences between normality and the six pathologies, in relation to Shimmer, Jitter, and HNR parameters. When the Nodules and Reinke’s Edema groups were compared to the normal group, significant differences in the f0 parameter were found as well. Accordingly, this study suggests that, in females, the studied vocal pathologies affect strongly the acoustic parameters Jitter, Shimmer, and HNR. The first two are increased, and HNR is decreased.
基于在葡萄牙招募的709人(346人临床诊断为声带病理，363人无声带改变)的样本，开发了一种新的开放获取资源，称为高级语音功能评估数据库(AVFAD)。所有临床情况均按照《声音障碍分类手册- i》进行登记。参与者被录音，产生以下语音任务:维持元音/a, i, u/;6个CAPE-V句子的阅读;阅读语音平衡的文本;自发的演讲。AVFAD由8648个未压缩的音频文件和一个附加的数据库文件组成，其中包含19个Praat语音报告参数值和每个参与者16个临床数据条目。每个参与者的元音/a/的注释片段被Praat脚本自动分析。考虑到所有变量近似为正态分布，并使用先前计算的所有参数的平均值和标准差值生成径向图。比较正常和病理f0平均值、抖动ppq5、闪烁apq11和谐波噪声比特性。另外还考虑了声学参数与性别、年龄组、吸烟习惯、体重指数和声音使用之间的关系。AVFAD将允许未来的合作工作和测试语音病理诊断的非侵入性方法。对于女性，样本量更大，结果显示正常与六种病理之间在Shimmer, Jitter和HNR参数方面存在统计学差异。当结节和赖因克水肿组与正常组比较时，f0参数也有显著差异。因此，本研究表明，在雌性中，所研究的声乐病理强烈影响声学参数抖动，闪烁和HNR。前两者增加，HNR降低。
{"title":"The Advanced Voice Function Assessment Databases (AVFAD): Tools for Voice Clinicians and Speech Research","authors":"Luis M. T. Jesus, Inês Belo, Jessica Machado, Andreia Hall","doi":"10.5772/INTECHOPEN.69643","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5772/INTECHOPEN.69643","url":null,"abstract":"A new open access resource called Advanced Voice Function Assessment Databases (AVFAD) was developed, based on a sample of 709 individuals (346 clinically diagnosed with vocal pathology and 363 with no vocal alterations) recruited in Portugal. All clinical conditions were registered according to the Classification Manual of Voice Disorders-I. Participants were audio-recorded, producing the following vocal tasks: Sustaining vowels /a, i, u/; reading of six CAPE-V sentences; reading a phonetically balanced text; spontaneous speech. The AVFAD are comprised of 8648 uncompressed audio files and an addi- tional database file with 19 Praat Voice Report parameter values and 16 clinical data entries per participant. An annotated segment of the vowel /a/ for each participant was analysed automatically with a Praat script. Radial graphs were generated considering that all variables had an approximately normal distribution, and using previously calculated average and standard deviation values for all parameters. The normal and pathological f0 mean, Jitter ppq5, Shimmer apq11 and Harmonics-to-Noise-Ratio characteristics were compared. An additional analysis of the relation between the acoustic parameters and gender, age group, smoking habits, body mass index and voice usage, was considered. The AVFAD will allow future cooperative work and testing of non-invasive methods for voice pathology diagnosis. for the female gender, with much larger sample size, the results showed statis tically significant differences between normality and the six pathologies, in relation to Shimmer, Jitter, and HNR parameters. When the Nodules and Reinke’s Edema groups were compared to the normal group, significant differences in the f0 parameter were found as well. Accordingly, this study suggests that, in females, the studied vocal pathologies affect strongly the acoustic parameters Jitter, Shimmer, and HNR. The first two are increased, and HNR is decreased.","PeriodicalId":127245,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2017-09-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116733053","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1999-12-01DOI: 10.3109/14417049909167150
S. Chapman, Jennifer Nasits, J. Challas, A. Billinger
Despite recovery in the majority of children with severe traumatic brain injury to premorbid levels of function on traditional tests of intellectual and language functions, recent evidence indicates that deficits may persist or even emerge at later developmental stages. Unfortunately, children with severe brain injury often are not followed long term and consequently do not receive the necessary services at later stages of recovery for a variety of reasons. This article presents a case study to delineate some of the frequent yet remediable obstacles faced by children with brain injury, their families, and school personnel. Possible solutions to improve the situation are offered. This case is also presented to illustrate the promise of discourse methods in assessing and treating the unique cognitive-linguistic sequelae of paediatric brain injured populations.
{"title":"Long-Term Recovery in Paediatric Head Injury: Overcoming the Hurdles","authors":"S. Chapman, Jennifer Nasits, J. Challas, A. Billinger","doi":"10.3109/14417049909167150","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14417049909167150","url":null,"abstract":"Despite recovery in the majority of children with severe traumatic brain injury to premorbid levels of function on traditional tests of intellectual and language functions, recent evidence indicates that deficits may persist or even emerge at later developmental stages. Unfortunately, children with severe brain injury often are not followed long term and consequently do not receive the necessary services at later stages of recovery for a variety of reasons. This article presents a case study to delineate some of the frequent yet remediable obstacles faced by children with brain injury, their families, and school personnel. Possible solutions to improve the situation are offered. This case is also presented to illustrate the promise of discourse methods in assessing and treating the unique cognitive-linguistic sequelae of paediatric brain injured populations.","PeriodicalId":127245,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1999-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122569182","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3109/14417049909167162
Jack S. Damico, J. Oller, J. Tetnowski
An observational language assessment procedure, Systematic Observation of Communicative Interaction, is described and the importance of interob-server reliability is discussed. Based on a study of 30 school-age children, the interobserver reliability for this descriptive language assessment tool was investigated. Results indicate strong reliability indices for this assessment procedure. Discussion of how test design can be used to enhance reliability is provided.
{"title":"Investigating the Interobserver Reliability of a Direct Observational Language Assessment Technique","authors":"Jack S. Damico, J. Oller, J. Tetnowski","doi":"10.3109/14417049909167162","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14417049909167162","url":null,"abstract":"An observational language assessment procedure, Systematic Observation of Communicative Interaction, is described and the importance of interob-server reliability is discussed. Based on a study of 30 school-age children, the interobserver reliability for this descriptive language assessment tool was investigated. Results indicate strong reliability indices for this assessment procedure. Discussion of how test design can be used to enhance reliability is provided.","PeriodicalId":127245,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"29 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"116653929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3109/14417049909167149
P. Mccabe, C. Sheard, C. Code
Speech pathologists have reported assessing and treating patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but there has been little research into the nature or frequency of such communication or swallowing disorders. All speech pathologists with adult patients in the State of New South Wales, Australia, were surveyed about their exposure to patients with HIV. Of 148 replies, 24% had seen patients they knew to have HIV. These patients were referred for a range of disorders including dysphagia, dysarthria, aphasia and language impairment, voice, vocational rehabilitation, augmentative communication, saliva management, and AIDS dementia complex.The knowledge that the speech pathologists had about possible communication and swallowing impairments arising from HIV was also surveyed. Clinicians were generally unsure of the disorders that might arise from infection with HIV and the frequency of such disorders. There was a significant difference between the knowledge of respondents who had seen patients they ...
{"title":"What Do Speech Pathologists Know About HIV","authors":"P. Mccabe, C. Sheard, C. Code","doi":"10.3109/14417049909167149","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14417049909167149","url":null,"abstract":"Speech pathologists have reported assessing and treating patients with the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) but there has been little research into the nature or frequency of such communication or swallowing disorders. All speech pathologists with adult patients in the State of New South Wales, Australia, were surveyed about their exposure to patients with HIV. Of 148 replies, 24% had seen patients they knew to have HIV. These patients were referred for a range of disorders including dysphagia, dysarthria, aphasia and language impairment, voice, vocational rehabilitation, augmentative communication, saliva management, and AIDS dementia complex.The knowledge that the speech pathologists had about possible communication and swallowing impairments arising from HIV was also surveyed. Clinicians were generally unsure of the disorders that might arise from infection with HIV and the frequency of such disorders. There was a significant difference between the knowledge of respondents who had seen patients they ...","PeriodicalId":127245,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129817279","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3109/14417049909167164
D. Kendall, M. McNeil, S. Shaiman, M. A. Simonian
The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence and nature of phonetic variability in the speech of persons with flaccid dysarthria. Seven adults with facial nerve paralysis and subsequent flaccid dysarthria produced one- and three-syllable words in isolation and embedded in sentences. Responses were perceptually analysed using narrow phonetic transcription supplemented by diacritics. Analysis of consistency of error location and variability of error type yielded a profile of flaccid dysarthria slightly different from the traditionally accepted view. Among the results was a relatively high incidence of inconsistency in error location, with significantly more errors of inconsistency in one-syllable words in isolation compared to one-syllable words embedded in sentences. Results are discussed with reference to a motor planning/programming adaptation to peripheral bio-mechanical limitations caused by the lower motor neuron lesion.
{"title":"Phonetic Variability in Flaccid Dysarthric Speech","authors":"D. Kendall, M. McNeil, S. Shaiman, M. A. Simonian","doi":"10.3109/14417049909167164","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14417049909167164","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to investigate the presence and nature of phonetic variability in the speech of persons with flaccid dysarthria. Seven adults with facial nerve paralysis and subsequent flaccid dysarthria produced one- and three-syllable words in isolation and embedded in sentences. Responses were perceptually analysed using narrow phonetic transcription supplemented by diacritics. Analysis of consistency of error location and variability of error type yielded a profile of flaccid dysarthria slightly different from the traditionally accepted view. Among the results was a relatively high incidence of inconsistency in error location, with significantly more errors of inconsistency in one-syllable words in isolation compared to one-syllable words embedded in sentences. Results are discussed with reference to a motor planning/programming adaptation to peripheral bio-mechanical limitations caused by the lower motor neuron lesion.","PeriodicalId":127245,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"103 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"131607689","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3109/14417049909167167
A. Craig
{"title":"Scientifically Evaluating Treatment for Stuttering: A Commentary on Onslow and Packman","authors":"A. Craig","doi":"10.3109/14417049909167167","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14417049909167167","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":127245,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"46 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129979720","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3109/14417049909167148
C. Penn, Dilys Jones
Information processing problems in closed head injured (CHI) patients are well documented and manifest on both discourse and neuropsychological assessment. This article describes the use of a fable task with this population and argues that it is a particularly sensitive tool for exploring the communicative and cognitive deficits of such patients. The results of a group of 10 CHI subjects and 12 normal controls are presented on three fable tasks that tapped different levels of processing. Significant differences were found between the CHI subjects and the normal subjects on a rating scale that measured the appropriateness of overall response, as well as on individual operations performed. The results are interpreted in relation to a theory of resource allocation, and therapy implications for this population are highlighted.
{"title":"Depth of Processing in Closed Head Injured Patients","authors":"C. Penn, Dilys Jones","doi":"10.3109/14417049909167148","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14417049909167148","url":null,"abstract":"Information processing problems in closed head injured (CHI) patients are well documented and manifest on both discourse and neuropsychological assessment. This article describes the use of a fable task with this population and argues that it is a particularly sensitive tool for exploring the communicative and cognitive deficits of such patients. The results of a group of 10 CHI subjects and 12 normal controls are presented on three fable tasks that tapped different levels of processing. Significant differences were found between the CHI subjects and the normal subjects on a rating scale that measured the appropriateness of overall response, as well as on individual operations performed. The results are interpreted in relation to a theory of resource allocation, and therapy implications for this population are highlighted.","PeriodicalId":127245,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"23 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133502258","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 1900-01-01DOI: 10.3109/14417049909167151
E. Harrison, L. Wilson, M. Onslow
The Lidcombe Programme is a parent-conducted operant intervention for early stuttering. This article presents a case study of the Lidcombe Programme adapted for distance intervention with a family who were isolated from treatment services. The subject, Matthew, was 5 years 10 months old and had been stuttering severely for nearly 4 years at the start of treatment. The entire treatment occurred by telephone contact and was supplemented by audiotape and videotape recordings of the subject's speech, which were mailed to the clinician by his parents. Matthew's mother was taught to implement all aspects of the Lidcombe Programme: control of stuttering with on-line praise and correction, measurement of stuttering severity, and administration of a maintenance programme. Matthew attained near-zero stuttering levels after 25 telephone consultations over a period of 9 months. Data suggest that he maintained those levels for 23 months posttreatment. Plans for further research into distance intervention with the Lidc...
{"title":"Distance Intervention for Early Stuttering with the Lidcombe Programme","authors":"E. Harrison, L. Wilson, M. Onslow","doi":"10.3109/14417049909167151","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14417049909167151","url":null,"abstract":"The Lidcombe Programme is a parent-conducted operant intervention for early stuttering. This article presents a case study of the Lidcombe Programme adapted for distance intervention with a family who were isolated from treatment services. The subject, Matthew, was 5 years 10 months old and had been stuttering severely for nearly 4 years at the start of treatment. The entire treatment occurred by telephone contact and was supplemented by audiotape and videotape recordings of the subject's speech, which were mailed to the clinician by his parents. Matthew's mother was taught to implement all aspects of the Lidcombe Programme: control of stuttering with on-line praise and correction, measurement of stuttering severity, and administration of a maintenance programme. Matthew attained near-zero stuttering levels after 25 telephone consultations over a period of 9 months. Data suggest that he maintained those levels for 23 months posttreatment. Plans for further research into distance intervention with the Lidc...","PeriodicalId":127245,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"110 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129621338","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Science and Antiscience: Outcome Measures in Speech-Language Pathology","authors":"M. Onslow","doi":"10.3109/14417049909167157","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.3109/14417049909167157","url":null,"abstract":"(1999). Science and Antiscience: Outcome Measures in Speech-Language Pathology. Advances in Speech Language Pathology: Vol. 1, No. 1, pp. 59-61.","PeriodicalId":127245,"journal":{"name":"Advances in Speech-Language Pathology","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"1900-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125574840","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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