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2011 IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium最新文献

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Pub Date : 2022-09-02 DOI: 10.4018/978-1-60566-768-3.chcrp
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引用次数: 0
Exploring geo-temporal differences using GTdiff 使用GTdiff探索地理-时间差异
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2011.5742383
O. Hoeber, G. Wilson, Simon Harding, René Enguehard, R. Devillers
Many data sets exist that contain both geospatial and temporal elements, in addition to the core data that requires analysis. Within such data sets, it can be difficult to determine how the data have changed over spatial and temporal ranges. In this design study we present a system for dynamically exploring geo-temporal changes in the data. GTdiff provides a visual approach to representing differences in the data within user-defined spatial and temporal limits, illustrating when and where increases and/or decreases have occurred. The system makes extensive use of spatial and temporal filtering and binning, geo-visualization, colour encoding, and multiple coordinated views. It is highly interactive, supporting knowledge discovery through exploration and analysis of the data. A case study is presented illustrating the benefits of using GTdiff to analyze the changes in the catch data of the cod fisheries off the coast of Newfoundland, Canada from 1948 to 2006.
除了需要分析的核心数据外,还存在许多包含地理空间和时间元素的数据集。在这些数据集中,很难确定数据在空间和时间范围内是如何变化的。在这项设计研究中,我们提出了一个动态探索数据中地理时间变化的系统。GTdiff提供了一种可视化的方法来表示用户定义的空间和时间限制内的数据差异,说明何时何地发生了增加和/或减少。该系统广泛使用了空间和时间过滤和分箱、地理可视化、颜色编码和多个协调视图。它具有高度的互动性,支持通过对数据的探索和分析来发现知识。本文提出了一个案例研究,说明使用GTdiff分析1948年至2006年加拿大纽芬兰沿海鳕鱼捕获量数据变化的好处。
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引用次数: 23
Static correlation visualization for large time-varying volume data 大时变体积数据的静态相关可视化
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2011.5742369
Cheng-Kai Chen, Chaoli Wang, K. Ma, A. Wittenberg
Finding correlations among data is one of the most essential tasks in many scientific investigations and discoveries. This paper addresses the issue of creating a static volume classification that summarizes the correlation connection in time-varying multivariate data sets. In practice, computing all temporal and spatial correlations for large 3D time-varying multivariate data sets is prohibitively expensive. We present a sampling-based approach to classifying correlation patterns. Our sampling scheme consists of three steps: selecting important samples from the volume, prioritizing distance computation for sample pairs, and approximating volume-based correlation with sample-based correlation. We classify sample voxels to produce static visualization that succinctly summarize the connection among all correlation volumes with respect to various reference locations. We also investigate the error introduced by each step of our sampling scheme in terms of classification accuracy. Domain scientists participated in this work and helped us select samples and evaluate results. Our approach is generally applicable to the analysis of other scientific data where correlation study is relevant.
在许多科学调查和发现中,发现数据之间的相关性是最重要的任务之一。本文解决了创建静态卷分类的问题,该分类总结了时变多变量数据集的相关联系。在实践中,计算大型3D时变多元数据集的所有时间和空间相关性是非常昂贵的。我们提出了一种基于抽样的方法来分类相关模式。我们的采样方案包括三个步骤:从体积中选择重要样本,优先考虑样本对的距离计算,以及用基于样本的相关性近似基于体积的相关性。我们对样本体素进行分类,生成静态可视化,简洁地总结了相对于各个参考位置的所有相关体之间的连接。我们还研究了我们的抽样方案在分类精度方面每一步引入的误差。领域科学家参与了这项工作,并帮助我们选择样本和评估结果。我们的方法一般适用于与相关性研究相关的其他科学数据的分析。
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引用次数: 34
Edge maps: Representing flow with bounded error 边缘映射:表示有界错误的流
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2011.5742375
H. Bhatia, Shreeraj Jadhav, P. Bremer, Guoning Chen, J. Levine, L. G. Nonato, Valerio Pascucci
Robust analysis of vector fields has been established as an important tool for deriving insights from the complex systems these fields model. Many analysis techniques rely on computing streamlines, a task often hampered by numerical instabilities. Approaches that ignore the resulting errors can lead to inconsistencies that may produce unreliable visualizations and ultimately prevent in-depth analysis. We propose a new representation for vector fields on surfaces that replaces numerical integration through triangles with linear maps defined on its boundary. This representation, called edge maps, is equivalent to computing all possible streamlines at a user defined error threshold. In spite of this error, all the streamlines computed using edge maps will be pairwise disjoint. Furthermore, our representation stores the error explicitly, and thus can be used to produce more informative visualizations. Given a piecewise-linear interpolated vector field, a recent result [15] shows that there are only 23 possible map classes for a triangle, permitting a concise description of flow behaviors. This work describes the details of computing edge maps, provides techniques to quantify and refine edge map error, and gives qualitative and visual comparisons to more traditional techniques.
向量场的鲁棒分析已被确立为从这些场模型的复杂系统中获得见解的重要工具。许多分析技术依赖于计算流线,这一任务往往受到数值不稳定性的阻碍。忽略由此产生的错误的方法可能导致不一致,从而可能产生不可靠的可视化,并最终妨碍深入分析。我们提出了一种曲面上向量场的新表示,它用边界上定义的线性映射取代了通过三角形的数值积分。这种表示称为边缘映射,相当于在用户定义的错误阈值处计算所有可能的流线。尽管存在这种误差,但所有使用边缘映射计算的流线将是两两不相交的。此外,我们的表示显式地存储了错误,因此可以用于产生更多信息的可视化。给定一个分段线性插值向量场,最近的一个结果[15]表明三角形只有23个可能的映射类,允许对流行为的简明描述。这项工作描述了计算边缘图的细节,提供了量化和改进边缘图误差的技术,并与更传统的技术进行了定性和视觉比较。
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引用次数: 26
Keynote address: Immersive exploration of large datasets 主题演讲:沉浸式大数据集探索
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2011.5742364
A. Kaufman
Scientists, engineers and physicians are now confronted with a fire hose of data. Immersive visualization environments provide these users with a novel way of interacting and reasoning with large datasets. They allow them to utilize the entirety of their visual bandwidth, effectively engulfing the user in the data and enabling collaborative interaction. We present a custom-built 5-wall Cave environment, called the Immersive Cabin (IC). It is driven by a GPU cluster for both computation and 3D stereo rendering. We also propose a conformal deformation rendering pipeline for the visualization of datasets on partially-immersive platforms. Combined with a range of interaction and navigation tools, our system can support numerous interactive applications of large datasets. Several demonstrations include architectural visualization, urban planning, medical visualization, simulation and rendering of physical phenomena, and entertainment. Current visualization displays, however, have not kept up with the explosive growth in data size and resolution, which is beginning to match the resolution of the visuals that surround us in daily life. To ameliorate this challenge, we have developed a life-like, realistic immersion into the petascale data to be explored, appropriately called The RealityDeck. It is a one-of-a kind pioneering G-pixel immersive and collaborative display system - a unique assembly of high-res display panels, GPU cluster, sensors, networking, computer vision, and human-computer interaction technologies.
科学家、工程师和医生现在面临着大量的数据。沉浸式可视化环境为这些用户提供了一种与大型数据集交互和推理的新方式。它们允许他们利用整个视觉带宽,有效地将用户吞没在数据中,并实现协作交互。我们提供了一个定制的5墙洞穴环境,称为沉浸式小屋(IC)。它由一个GPU集群驱动,用于计算和3D立体渲染。我们还提出了一种保形变形渲染管道,用于部分沉浸式平台上数据集的可视化。结合一系列的交互和导航工具,我们的系统可以支持大量的大型数据集的交互应用。一些演示包括建筑可视化、城市规划、医学可视化、物理现象的模拟和渲染,以及娱乐。然而,目前的可视化显示并没有跟上数据大小和分辨率的爆炸式增长,它开始与我们日常生活中周围的视觉分辨率相匹配。为了改善这一挑战,我们开发了一种逼真的沉浸在千万亿次数据中进行探索的方法,适当地称为the RealityDeck。这是一个独一无二的开创性的g像素沉浸式协作显示系统-一个独特的高分辨率显示面板,GPU集群,传感器,网络,计算机视觉和人机交互技术的组合。
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引用次数: 0
Impact of group size on spatial structure understanding tasks 群体规模对空间结构理解任务的影响
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2011.5742379
Taylor Sando, Melanie Tory, Pourang Irani
Co-located collaborative tasks allow teams to leverage the skills of each individual member. While numerous guidelines exist to develop visualizations for individuals working on desktops, very little is known about how groups of individuals interpret and comprehend diverse types of visual constructs on larger displays. To study whether group size impacts the collective understanding of relationships in three-dimensional (3D) spatial structures when using different types of presentation, we carried out three experiments. We compared individual performance at structure understanding tasks to performance of groups containing two or four members. We consider two alternate visualization techniques for extracting 3D structure information: a 3D view with animated rotations and a combination of one static 3D plus three static two-dimensional (2D) projection views. In general our studies suggest that as group size increases, so does accuracy but with a cost in efficiency. Our results also suggest that beyond a threshold limit in group size, performance on certain tasks begins to degrade. Regardless of group size, participants performed better when the display was presented in the animation condition instead of the multiple static views, except when large groups needed to relate the visualization to a physical counterpart. We summarize our results in terms of Steiner's model for explaining the effects of group size and task characteristics on group performance.
协同任务允许团队利用每个成员的技能。虽然存在许多指导方针来为在桌面上工作的个人开发可视化,但对于个人群体如何在更大的显示器上解释和理解不同类型的视觉结构,我们知之甚少。为了研究群体规模是否会影响群体对三维空间结构中关系的理解,我们进行了三个实验。我们比较了个人在结构理解任务中的表现与两名或四名成员组成的小组的表现。我们考虑了两种用于提取3D结构信息的替代可视化技术:带有动画旋转的3D视图和一个静态3D加上三个静态二维(2D)投影视图的组合。总的来说,我们的研究表明,随着群体规模的增加,准确性也会提高,但效率会降低。我们的研究结果还表明,超过小组规模的阈值限制,某些任务的性能就会开始下降。无论小组大小如何,当显示在动画条件下而不是在多个静态视图中呈现时,参与者表现得更好,除非大型小组需要将可视化与物理对应物联系起来。我们用斯坦纳模型来解释群体规模和任务特征对群体绩效的影响。
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引用次数: 4
Loose capacity-constrained representatives for the qualitative visual analysis in molecular dynamics 分子动力学定性可视化分析的松散容量约束代表
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2011.5742372
S. Frey, T. Schlömer, Sebastian Grottel, C. Dachsbacher, O. Deussen, T. Ertl
Molecular dynamics is a widely used simulation technique to investigate material properties and structural changes under external forces. The availability of more powerful clusters and algorithms continues to increase the spatial and temporal extents of the simulation domain. This poses a particular challenge for the visualization of the underlying processes which might consist of millions of particles and thousands of time steps. Some application domains have developed special visual metaphors to only represent the relevant information of such data sets but these approaches typically require detailed domain knowledge that might not always be available or applicable. We propose a general technique that replaces the huge amount of simulated particles by a smaller set of representatives that are used for the visualization instead. The representatives capture the characteristics of the underlying particle density and exhibit coherency over time. We introduce loose capacity-constrained Voronoi diagrams for the generation of these representatives by means of a GPU-friendly, parallel algorithm. This way we achieve visualizations that reflect the particle distribution and geometric structure of the original data very faithfully. We evaluate our approach using real-world data sets from the application domains of material science, thermodynamics and dynamical systems theory.
分子动力学是一种广泛应用于研究材料性质和结构在外力作用下变化的模拟技术。更强大的集群和算法的可用性继续增加模拟领域的空间和时间范围。这对潜在过程的可视化提出了特别的挑战,这些过程可能由数百万个粒子和数千个时间步组成。一些应用领域已经开发了特殊的视觉隐喻来表示这些数据集的相关信息,但这些方法通常需要详细的领域知识,而这些知识可能并不总是可用或适用的。我们提出了一种通用的技术,用一组较小的代表代替大量的模拟粒子,这些代表用于可视化。这些代表捕获了潜在粒子密度的特征,并随着时间的推移表现出一致性。我们引入了松散的容量约束Voronoi图,通过gpu友好的并行算法来生成这些代表。通过这种方式,我们实现了非常忠实地反映原始数据的粒子分布和几何结构的可视化。我们使用来自材料科学、热力学和动力系统理论应用领域的真实世界数据集来评估我们的方法。
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引用次数: 13
Multi-dimensional transfer function design based on flexible dimension projection embedded in parallel coordinates 基于柔性维投影嵌入平行坐标的多维传递函数设计
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2011.5742368
Hanqi Guo, He Xiao, Xiaoru Yuan
In this paper, we present an effective transfer function (TF) design for multivariate volume, providing tightly coupled views of parallel coordinates plot (PCP), MDS-based dimension projection plots, and volume rendered image space. In our design, the PCP showing the data distribution of each variate dimension and the MDS showing reduced dimensional features are integrated seamlessly to provide flexible feature classification for the user without context switching between different data presentations. Our proposed interface enables users to identify interested clusters and assign optical properties with lassos, magic wand and other tools. Furthermore, sketching directly on the volume rendered images has been implemented to probe and edit features. To achieve interactivity, octree partitioning with Gaussian Mixture Model (GMM), and other data reduction techniques are applied. Our experiments show that the proposed method is effective for multidimensional TF design and data exploration.
在本文中,我们提出了一种有效的多变量体传递函数(TF)设计,提供了平行坐标图(PCP)、基于mds的维度投影图和体渲染图像空间的紧密耦合视图。在我们的设计中,显示每个变量维度的数据分布的PCP和显示降维特征的MDS无缝集成,为用户提供灵活的特征分类,而无需在不同的数据表示之间切换上下文。我们提出的界面使用户能够识别感兴趣的簇,并使用套索,魔术棒和其他工具分配光学属性。此外,还实现了直接在体渲染图像上绘制草图,以探测和编辑特征。为了实现交互性,应用了高斯混合模型(GMM)的八叉树划分和其他数据约简技术。实验表明,该方法对多维TF设计和数据挖掘是有效的。
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引用次数: 53
STREAMIT: Dynamic visualization and interactive exploration of text streams 文本流的动态可视化和交互式探索
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2011.5742382
J. Alsakran, Yang Chen, Ye Zhao, Jing Yang, Dongning Luo
Text streams demand an effective, interactive, and on-the-fly method to explore the dynamic and massive data sets, and meanwhile extract valuable information for visual analysis. In this paper, we propose such an interactive visualization system that enables users to explore streaming-in text documents without prior knowledge of the data. The system can constantly incorporate incoming documents from a continuous source into existing visualization context, which is “physically” achieved by minimizing a potential energy defined from similarities between documents. Unlike most existing methods, our system uses dynamic keyword vectors to incorporate newly-introduced keywords from data streams. Furthermore, we propose a special keyword importance that makes it possible for users to adjust the similarity on-the-fly, and hence achieve their preferred visual effects in accordance to varying interests, which also helps to identify hot spots and outliers. We optimize the system performance through a similarity grid and with parallel implementation on graphics hardware (GPU), which achieves instantaneous animated visualization even for a very large data collection. Moreover, our system implements a powerful user interface enabling various user interactions for in-depth data analysis. Experiments and case studies are presented to illustrate our dynamic system for text stream exploration.
文本流需要一种有效的、交互式的、实时的方法来探索动态的、海量的数据集,同时提取有价值的信息进行可视化分析。在本文中,我们提出了这样一个交互式可视化系统,使用户能够在没有数据先验知识的情况下探索流文本文档。系统可以不断地将来自连续源的传入文档合并到现有的可视化上下文中,这是通过最小化文档之间的相似性定义的势能来“物理地”实现的。与大多数现有方法不同,我们的系统使用动态关键字向量来合并来自数据流的新引入的关键字。此外,我们提出了一个特殊的关键字重要性,使用户可以根据不同的兴趣动态调整相似度,从而实现他们喜欢的视觉效果,这也有助于识别热点和异常值。我们通过相似网格和图形硬件(GPU)上的并行实现来优化系统性能,即使对于非常大的数据集也可以实现瞬时动画可视化。此外,我们的系统实现了一个强大的用户界面,支持各种用户交互进行深入的数据分析。实验和案例分析说明了我们的文本流探索动态系统。
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引用次数: 75
Keynote address: New approaches to large data visualization 主题演讲:大数据可视化的新方法
Pub Date : 2011-03-01 DOI: 10.1109/PACIFICVIS.2011.5742365
K. Ma
Advanced computing and imaging technologies enable scientists to study natural and physical phenomena at unprecedented precision, resulting in an explosive growth of data. Furthermore, the size of the collected information about the Internet and mobile device users is expected to be even greater, a daunting challenge we must address in order to make sense and maximize utilization of all the available information for decision making and knowledge discovery. I will introduce a few new approaches to large data visualization for revealing hidden structures and gleaning insights from large, complex data found in many areas of study.
先进的计算和成像技术使科学家能够以前所未有的精度研究自然和物理现象,从而导致数据的爆炸式增长。此外,收集到的有关互联网和移动设备用户的信息的规模预计会更大,这是我们必须解决的一个艰巨的挑战,以便使所有可用信息的意义和最大限度地利用决策和知识发现。我将介绍一些大数据可视化的新方法,以揭示隐藏的结构,并从许多研究领域中发现的大型复杂数据中收集见解。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
2011 IEEE Pacific Visualization Symposium
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