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Channel aware adaptive quantization for target localization in wireless sensor networks 无线传感器网络中目标定位的信道感知自适应量化
Pub Date : 2013-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WiSEE.2013.6737549
Guiyun Liu, Hua Liu, Hongbin Chen, Jianhua Xiang, Zhong Xiao
This paper considers the problem of quantization schemes for source localization in wireless sensor networks. First, a channel-aware adaptive quantization scheme for target location estimation is proposed and local sensor nodes dynamically adjust their quantization thresholds according to a kind of position-based information sequences. The scheme incorporates the statistics of imperfect wireless channels between sensors and the fusion center. Furthermore, the appropriate maximum likelihood estimator (MLE) and the performance metric Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) are derived. Simulation results are presented to show that the appropriated CRLB is less than the fixed-quantization channel-aware CRLB and the proposed MLE will approach its CRLB when the number of sensors is large enough.
研究了无线传感器网络中源定位的量化方案问题。首先,提出了一种信道感知的目标位置估计自适应量化方案,局部传感器节点根据一种基于位置的信息序列动态调整量化阈值;该方案结合了传感器与融合中心之间不完美无线信道的统计特性。在此基础上,推导了合适的最大似然估计量(MLE)和性能度量cram - rao下界(CRLB)。仿真结果表明,所提出的最大似然值小于固定量化信道感知的最大似然值,当传感器数量足够大时,所提出的最大似然值将接近其最大似然值。
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引用次数: 1
Effects of proximity of thermal shields on tri-band antenna RF performance 热屏蔽邻近对三波段天线射频性能的影响
Pub Date : 2013-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WiSEE.2013.6737559
M. A. Hasan, J. Huffman, W. N. Kefauver
Robust, inexpensive, non-conductive material that can survive launch and reentry environments is needed to support the Orion antenna suite. The boost protective cover (BPC) is not optimal for RF performance, but reasonable criteria for utilizing BPC as a material are established to perform expeditious flight qualification. This paper outlines the results of this investigation. Although BPC has a moderate dielectric (<; 2) and mediocre loss tangent (~0.05), as a radome it should not be operated near an electrically resonant antenna or as a transmission media. Since BPC has a strongly anisotropic construction of significant wavelength thickness, determining a configuration that will give acceptable performance from 0.02 to 0.25 wavelength depth was evaluated. This paper summarizes the results of tests to assess the impacts of placing the BPC in front of a planar antenna.
“猎户座”天线套件需要能够在发射和再入环境中生存的坚固、廉价、不导电的材料。升压保护罩(BPC)并不是射频性能的最佳材料,但是我们建立了合理的标准来利用BPC作为一种材料来进行快速的飞行鉴定。本文概述了本次调查的结果。虽然BPC具有中等介电强度(<;2)和中等损耗正切(~0.05),作为天线罩不宜在电谐振天线附近工作或作为传输介质。由于BPC具有显著波长厚度的强各向异性结构,因此评估了在0.02至0.25波长深度范围内提供可接受性能的配置。本文总结了在平面天线前放置BPC影响的试验结果。
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引用次数: 1
Efficient, flexible, scalable inter-satellite networking 高效、灵活、可扩展的卫星间网络
Pub Date : 2013-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WiSEE.2013.6737551
Ghobad Heidari, Hiep Truong
Satellite networks pose challenging requirements on the MAC sub-layer to provide flexible, scalable and efficient cross-links between satellites' communication modules. A high throughput, robust and peer-to-peer MAC protocol is introduced to inexpensively address the challenging requirements of satellite networks. In a single-radio solution, the problem of providing high network capacity for nearby satellites while maintaining links with those that are 100s of Km away is not solved with existing MAC protocols. A dual-range, dual-mode MAC and a UWB PHY is proposed that proves to solve this problem easily while maintaining flexibility and scalability to be suitable to any satellite mission. A hybrid Frequency-time division multiple access gives the system the ability to reuse available RF spectrum efficiently for long-range, power-limited links.
卫星网络对MAC子层提出了具有挑战性的要求,要求在卫星通信模块之间提供灵活、可扩展和高效的交叉链接。引入了一种高吞吐量、鲁棒性和点对点MAC协议,以低成本解决卫星网络的挑战性要求。在单无线电解决方案中,现有的MAC协议无法解决为附近的卫星提供高网络容量的同时与100公里外的卫星保持联系的问题。提出了一种双量程、双模MAC和超宽带物理层,可以很容易地解决这一问题,同时保持灵活性和可扩展性,适用于任何卫星任务。混合频时多址使系统能够有效地为远程、功率有限的链路重用可用的射频频谱。
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引用次数: 5
QoS optimized and energy efficient power control for deep space multimedia communications in InterPlaNetary networks 星际网络中深空多媒体通信的QoS优化和节能功率控制
Pub Date : 2013-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WiSEE.2013.6737545
Chunqiu Wang, Wei Wang, K. Sohraby, James Dudek
In this paper, we propose a QoS optimized power control approach to achieve an optimum multimedia communication quality over the InterPlaNetary (IPN) Internet with a strict energy consumption budget. The transmission power to send each frame is optimized by jointly considering the unequal distortion reduction gain of the multimedia data, energy consumption budget, and overall multimedia communication quality. Simulation results show that the proposed Unequal Error Protection (UEP) adaptive power control approach improves multimedia data transmission quality and achieves the energy utilization efficiency in energy-constrained IPNs.
在本文中,我们提出了一种QoS优化的功率控制方法,以在严格的能耗预算下在星际网络(IPN)上实现最佳的多媒体通信质量。综合考虑多媒体数据的不均匀降失真增益、能耗预算和整体多媒体通信质量,优化发送每帧的传输功率。仿真结果表明,提出的非等错保护(UEP)自适应功率控制方法提高了多媒体数据传输质量,在能量受限的ipn中实现了能量利用效率。
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引用次数: 5
A distributed self-healing algorithm for virtual backbone construction and maintenance in Wireless Sensor Networks 一种用于无线传感器网络虚拟骨干网构建与维护的分布式自愈算法
Pub Date : 2013-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WiSEE.2013.6737547
N. Al-Nabhan, Mznah Al-Rodhaan, A. Al-Dhelaan
Future Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) will be composed of a large number of densely deployed sensors. A key feature of such networks is that their nodes are untethered and unattended. Distributed techniques are expected in WSNs. Computing Connected Dominating Sets (CDSs) have been widely used for virtual backbone construction in WSNs to control topology, facilitate routing, and extend network lifetime. This paper proposes a new distributed algorithm for CDS construction in WSNs. The algorithm is intended to construct a CDS with the smallest ratio when compared to its centralized version. Moreover, this paper proposes a localized algorithm that efficiently maintains the backbone when some backbone nodes decide to enter the energy saving sleep mode. We attempt to prolong the lifetime of the constructed CDS by allowing nodes with higher residual energy to have more chances to be part of the constructed and maintained backbone. Simulation shows that our distributed approach has a maximum ratio of 1.53 to the centralized approach, and it satisfies all of the geometrical properties of its canalized version. Based on this ratio, this distributed algorithm has an approximation factor of 7.65 to the optimal CDS. To the best of our knowledge, this approximation is the smallest among all existing distributed CDS construction algorithms.
未来的无线传感器网络(WSNs)将由大量密集部署的传感器组成。这种网络的一个关键特征是,它们的节点是不受约束和无人值守的。分布式技术在无线传感器网络中得到了广泛的应用。计算连通支配集(CDSs)被广泛应用于无线传感器网络的虚拟骨干结构中,以实现拓扑控制、路由方便和延长网络生命周期的目的。本文提出了一种新的用于WSNs中CDS构建的分布式算法。该算法旨在构建一个比其集中式版本比例最小的CDS。此外,本文还提出了一种局部化算法,可以在骨干节点进入节能休眠模式时有效地维护骨干节点。我们试图通过允许具有较高剩余能量的节点有更多机会成为构建和维护骨干的一部分来延长构建的CDS的生命周期。仿真结果表明,我们的分布式方法与集中式方法的最大比值为1.53,并且满足其渠化版本的所有几何特性。基于该比值,该分布式算法对最优CDS的近似系数为7.65。据我们所知,这个近似是所有现有的分布式CDS构造算法中最小的。
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引用次数: 4
Underwater signal reflection enabled localization scheme 水下信号反射使能定位方案
Pub Date : 2013-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WiSEE.2013.6737564
Lloyd E. Emokpae, S. DiBenedetto, Brad Potteiger, M. Younis
Traditional underwater localization relies on line-of-sight (LOS) links to properly utilize ranging information. Unfortunately, the accuracy of the ranging techniques such as time of arrival (TOA), time difference of arrival (TDOA) and angle of arrival (AOA) can be significantly degraded by LOS instabilities in the underwater medium due to increased multipath effects. This paper proposes a novel underwater signal reflection-enabled acoustic-based localization scheme (UNREAL) that employs both LOS and surface-reflected non-line-of-sight (NLOS) ranging information to locate a node that has drifted away. The LOS and NLOS links are classified by incorporating a surface-based recovery mechanism, which recovers the channel impulse response information through homomorphic deconvolution. A closed-form least square method is developed to use such classification to locate the node by either using the LOS AOA measurements and/or the NLOS AOA from the estimated water surface reflection point. Every node in the network can be used as a reference point to locate the lost node when LOS AOAs are available. In this context, AOAs are a collection of elevation and azimuth angles for each reference nodes in the 3D underwater environment. Simulation results are carried out by using the projected view of a 3D camera unto the water tank to create a 3D underwater cubic environment used in validating the approach.
传统的水下定位依赖于视距链路来正确利用测距信息。然而,由于多径效应的增加,水下介质中的LOS不稳定性会显著降低到达时间(TOA)、到达时间差(TDOA)和到达角(AOA)等测距技术的精度。本文提出了一种新的水下信号反射声学定位方案(UNREAL),该方案使用LOS和表面反射的非视距(NLOS)测距信息来定位已经漂移的节点。LOS和NLOS链路通过结合基于表面的恢复机制进行分类,该机制通过同态反褶积恢复信道脉冲响应信息。本文提出了一种封闭形式的最小二乘法,利用这种分类方法,通过使用LOS AOA测量值和/或估算水面反射点的NLOS AOA来定位节点。当有LOS aoa可用时,网络中的每个节点都可以作为定位丢失节点的参考点。在这种情况下,aoa是三维水下环境中每个参考节点的仰角和方位角的集合。仿真结果是通过使用3D摄像机投影到水箱的视图来创建用于验证方法的3D水下立方体环境。
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引用次数: 1
Stochastic modeling of leak detection and localization using ultrasonic sensor array 基于超声传感器阵列的泄漏检测与定位随机建模
Pub Date : 2013-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WiSEE.2013.6737573
Hossein Roufarshbaf, Joel Castro, A. Abedi
Leak detection and localization appears in many engineering applications such as aerospace and engineering industries. Existing approaches for leak detection and localization from surface borne ultrasonic signals are based on triangulation techniques [1], [2]. Ultrasonic signals are prone to reverberation and multipath effect since they are reflected from various surfaces of the structure. Reverberation and multipath generates multiple detections for each sensor. Therefore, the sensor measure signals with uncertain origin signals, where the conventional algorithms based on triangulation techniques can not be applied.
泄漏检测和定位出现在许多工程应用中,如航空航天和工程行业。现有的基于表面超声信号的泄漏检测和定位方法是基于三角测量技术[1],[2]。超声信号在结构的不同表面反射,容易产生混响和多径效应。混响和多径为每个传感器产生多个检测。因此,传感器测量的信号具有不确定的来源信号,这是基于三角测量技术的传统算法无法应用的。
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引用次数: 4
Study on IEEE802.15.4 link reliability in industrial environment 工业环境下IEEE802.15.4链路可靠性研究
Pub Date : 2013-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WISEE.2013.6737570
W. Yadong, Duan Shihong
As the first step of the WSN protocol design, such as MAC layer and Network layer, in-depth investigation on link characteristics is very important. In the industrial environments, link reliability is vulnerable to various interferences. Therefore, many schemes have been employed for reliability improvements, e.g. frequency diversity, path diversity etc., which put forward the demand on link reliability model. However, there has been little work modeling the temporal and frequency variations of the link reliability. The contributions of this paper are modeling the link characteristics of IEEE802.15.4 radio transceiver on all 16 channels based on Packet Drop Rate (PDR) data sets collected in typical factories and a link layer reliability model (LLSM), which focuses on the quantitative relationships among link reliability, time and frequency. It is found that the PDR in a certain range follows logistic or log-logistic distribution, and the interval of two sequential failed in Packet Drop Sequence (PDS) follows log-normal distribution. The model is implemented as simulation framework component and used to evaluate the influence on frequency diversity design by the simulation of two proposals of IEEE 802.15.4e.
作为无线传感器网络MAC层和网络层等协议设计的第一步,对链路特性的深入研究是非常重要的。在工业环境中,链路的可靠性容易受到各种干扰。因此,人们采用了多种方案来提高可靠性,如频率分集、路径分集等,这就对链路可靠性模型提出了要求。然而,对链路可靠性的时间和频率变化进行建模的工作很少。本文的贡献是基于典型工厂的丢包率(Packet Drop Rate, PDR)数据集和链路层可靠性模型(link layer reliability model, LLSM)对IEEE802.15.4无线收发器在所有16个信道上的链路特性进行建模,该模型关注链路可靠性、时间和频率之间的定量关系。发现PDR在一定范围内服从logistic或log-logistic分布,PDS中两次连续失败的间隔服从对数正态分布。该模型作为仿真框架组件实现,并通过对IEEE 802.15.4e两种方案的仿真来评估其对频分集设计的影响。
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引用次数: 3
CESP: A power efficient, accurate coefficient exchange synchronization protocol CESP:一种高效、精确的系数交换同步协议
Pub Date : 2013-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WiSEE.2013.6737561
Fengyuan Gong, M. Sichitiu
Time synchronization is a fundamental problem in any distributed system. In particular, wireless sensor networks require scalable time synchronization for implementing distributed tasks on multiple sensor nodes. This paper proposes an energy efficient Coefficient Exchange Synchronization Protocol (CESP) based on a receiver-receiver synchronization scheme that minimizes the impact of access-time delays. Most of the existing synchronization protocols focus on improving the synchronization accuracy while neglecting energy consumption. The proposed time synchronization protocol achieves a synchronization accuracy as good as the classic Reference Broadcast Synchronization (RBS) protocol but resulting in a dramatic reduction on communication overhead to achieve a low energy consumption. CESP works in a fundamentally different way from RBS: in order to synchronize two receivers, RBS exchanges all beacon packets between the two receivers, while CESP receivers first process a large number of received beacon packets and only exchange the minimum amount of information between the two receivers, i.e., synchronization coefficients. The synchronization performance is evaluated and compared with that of other well-known synchronization protocols.
时间同步是任何分布式系统的一个基本问题。特别是,无线传感器网络需要可扩展的时间同步,以便在多个传感器节点上实现分布式任务。本文提出了一种基于接收端-接收端同步方案的节能系数交换同步协议(CESP),该协议能最大限度地减少访问时间延迟的影响。现有的同步协议大多侧重于提高同步精度,而忽略了能耗。所提出的时间同步协议实现了与经典参考广播同步(RBS)协议相同的同步精度,但显著降低了通信开销,从而实现了低能耗。CESP与RBS的工作方式根本不同:为了同步两个接收器,RBS在两个接收器之间交换所有的信标包,而CESP接收器首先处理接收到的大量信标包,只在两个接收器之间交换最少量的信息,即同步系数。对其同步性能进行了评估,并与其他知名同步协议进行了比较。
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引用次数: 6
Interagency and international collaboration for space solar power implementation: A plan for space solar power project governance 空间太阳能发电实施的机构间和国际合作:空间太阳能发电项目治理计划
Pub Date : 2013-11-01 DOI: 10.1109/WiSEE.2013.6737577
Christopher Dessert
This paper proposes a plan for space solar power (SSP) project governance by US and foreign agencies and participation by industry, universities, and other non-governmental organizations. SSP research has typically focused on the technical aspects, rather than others that are equally important. NASA alone could never implement SSP, because it lacks the expertise required. This paper begins to bridge the gap between technical aspects and these other areas. I allocate SSP project governance among agencies with relevant experience and that are responsive to a successful clean power program, and I propose project management by an internationally-represented committee. A framework for interagency collaborations is outlined detailing the motivations for cooperation for each agency, company, university, or organization, and the issues associated with collaboration on interagency and international levels.
本文提出了由美国和外国机构以及工业界、大学和其他非政府组织参与的空间太阳能(SSP)项目治理计划。SSP研究通常集中在技术方面,而不是其他同样重要的方面。单靠NASA是无法实施SSP的,因为它缺乏所需的专业知识。本文开始在技术方面和这些其他领域之间架起桥梁。我将SSP项目管理分配给具有相关经验并对成功的清洁能源计划作出反应的机构,我建议由一个有国际代表的委员会来管理项目。机构间合作的框架概述了每个机构、公司、大学或组织的合作动机,以及与机构间和国际层面的合作相关的问题。
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引用次数: 1
期刊
IEEE International Conference on Wireless for Space and Extreme Environments
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