Pub Date : 2024-06-19DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502221
Joan B Gornals, Albert Sumalla-Garcia, Daniel Luna-Rodriguez, Maria Puigcerver-Mas, Julio G Velasquez-Rodriguez, Silvia Salord, Sandra Maisterra, Juli Busquets
Background and aims: Endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct intervention (EUS-PDI) is one of the most technically challenging procedures. There remains a knowledge gap due to its rarity. The aim is to report the accumulated EUS-PDI experience in a tertiary center.
Methods: Single tertiary center, retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data during the study period, from January 2013 to June 2021.
Results: In total, 14 patients (85% male; mean age, 61 years, range 37-81) and 25 EUS-PDI procedures for unsuccessful endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) were included. Principal etiology was chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic duct obstruction (78%). EUS-guided assisted (colorant and/or guidewire, rendezvous) ERP was performed in 14/25 (56%); and transmural drainage in 11 procedures, including pancreaticogastrosmy in 9/25 (36%) and pancreaticoduodenostomy in 2/25 (8%). Overall technical and clinical success was 78.5% (11/14). Three (21%) patients required a second procedure with success in all cases. Two failed cases required surgery. Three (21%) adverse events (AEs) were noted (fever, n=1; perforation, n=1; pancreatitis, n=1). Patients underwent a median of 58 months (range 24-108) follow-up procedures for re-stenting. Spontaneous stent migration was detected in 50% of cases.
Conclusions: EUS-PDI is an effective salvage therapy for unsuccessful ERP, although 21% of patients may still experience AEs. In case of EUS-guided rendezvous failure, it can cross over to a transmural drainage.
{"title":"Long-term outcomes of endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct interventions: A single tertiary center experience.","authors":"Joan B Gornals, Albert Sumalla-Garcia, Daniel Luna-Rodriguez, Maria Puigcerver-Mas, Julio G Velasquez-Rodriguez, Silvia Salord, Sandra Maisterra, Juli Busquets","doi":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502221","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502221","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background and aims: </strong>Endoscopic ultrasound-guided pancreatic duct intervention (EUS-PDI) is one of the most technically challenging procedures. There remains a knowledge gap due to its rarity. The aim is to report the accumulated EUS-PDI experience in a tertiary center.</p><p><strong>Methods: </strong>Single tertiary center, retrospective cohort study of prospectively collected data during the study period, from January 2013 to June 2021.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>In total, 14 patients (85% male; mean age, 61 years, range 37-81) and 25 EUS-PDI procedures for unsuccessful endoscopic retrograde pancreatography (ERP) were included. Principal etiology was chronic pancreatitis with pancreatic duct obstruction (78%). EUS-guided assisted (colorant and/or guidewire, rendezvous) ERP was performed in 14/25 (56%); and transmural drainage in 11 procedures, including pancreaticogastrosmy in 9/25 (36%) and pancreaticoduodenostomy in 2/25 (8%). Overall technical and clinical success was 78.5% (11/14). Three (21%) patients required a second procedure with success in all cases. Two failed cases required surgery. Three (21%) adverse events (AEs) were noted (fever, n=1; perforation, n=1; pancreatitis, n=1). Patients underwent a median of 58 months (range 24-108) follow-up procedures for re-stenting. Spontaneous stent migration was detected in 50% of cases.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>EUS-PDI is an effective salvage therapy for unsuccessful ERP, although 21% of patients may still experience AEs. In case of EUS-guided rendezvous failure, it can cross over to a transmural drainage.</p>","PeriodicalId":12802,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterologia y hepatologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-19","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141436767","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-08DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502218
Javier Tejedor-Tejada, Aranzazu Alvarez-Alvarez, Jose Manuel Olmos, Ana Cristina González-Bernal, Andrea Jimenez-Jurado, Samuel Robles-Gaitero, Jose M Perez-Pariente
Introduction: Self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) have been widely placed for unresectable distal malignant biliary obstruction (UDMBO). However, the dysfunction rate is 19-40% and its treatment is controversial. We aimed asses the efficacy and safety of a secondary biliary stents (uncovered (UC) versus fully-covered (FC) stent) for the management of occluded SEMS.
Patients and methods: Between 2015 and June 2023, 41 patients with UDMBO underwent secondary biliary stent placement as "stent-in-stent" (20 FCSEMS and 21 UCSEMS). The primary outcomes were technical and clinical success of SEMS placement. Secondary outcomes included adverse events (AEs), patency and survival. Patients were prospectively followed until death or loss of follow-up.
Results: Technical (100% vs 85.5%) and clinical (100% vs 95.2%) success rates were similar in FCSEMS and UCSEMS groups. The median follow-up period was 510 days (range 290-630). The median duration of stent patency of FCSEMS (220 days, IQR 137.5-442.5) was longer than UCSEMS (150 days, IQR 110-362.5) (P=0.395), although stent dysfunction within 6 months was not different between groups. Multivariate analysis indicated that sex (HR=0.909, 0.852-0.970), antitumor treatment (HR=0.248, 0.032-0.441), stent patency (HR=0.992, 0.986-0.998) and clinical success (HR=0.133, 0.026-0.690) were significant factors for overall survival. There were no remarkable differences in AEs.
Conclusions: The placement of additional biliary stent using the stent-in-stent method is an effective and safe rescue treatment for patients with UDMBO and occluded stent. In addition, the use of FCSEMS compared UCSEMS has unclear benefits regarding stent patency and overall survival.
{"title":"Secondary uncovered versus fully-covered metal stents for the management of occluded stent in unresectable distal malignant biliary obstruction.","authors":"Javier Tejedor-Tejada, Aranzazu Alvarez-Alvarez, Jose Manuel Olmos, Ana Cristina González-Bernal, Andrea Jimenez-Jurado, Samuel Robles-Gaitero, Jose M Perez-Pariente","doi":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502218","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502218","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Introduction: </strong>Self-expandable metallic stents (SEMS) have been widely placed for unresectable distal malignant biliary obstruction (UDMBO). However, the dysfunction rate is 19-40% and its treatment is controversial. We aimed asses the efficacy and safety of a secondary biliary stents (uncovered (UC) versus fully-covered (FC) stent) for the management of occluded SEMS.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Between 2015 and June 2023, 41 patients with UDMBO underwent secondary biliary stent placement as \"stent-in-stent\" (20 FCSEMS and 21 UCSEMS). The primary outcomes were technical and clinical success of SEMS placement. Secondary outcomes included adverse events (AEs), patency and survival. Patients were prospectively followed until death or loss of follow-up.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>Technical (100% vs 85.5%) and clinical (100% vs 95.2%) success rates were similar in FCSEMS and UCSEMS groups. The median follow-up period was 510 days (range 290-630). The median duration of stent patency of FCSEMS (220 days, IQR 137.5-442.5) was longer than UCSEMS (150 days, IQR 110-362.5) (P=0.395), although stent dysfunction within 6 months was not different between groups. Multivariate analysis indicated that sex (HR=0.909, 0.852-0.970), antitumor treatment (HR=0.248, 0.032-0.441), stent patency (HR=0.992, 0.986-0.998) and clinical success (HR=0.133, 0.026-0.690) were significant factors for overall survival. There were no remarkable differences in AEs.</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>The placement of additional biliary stent using the stent-in-stent method is an effective and safe rescue treatment for patients with UDMBO and occluded stent. In addition, the use of FCSEMS compared UCSEMS has unclear benefits regarding stent patency and overall survival.</p>","PeriodicalId":12802,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterologia y hepatologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300495","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-08DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502219
Lluís Mundet, Alba Raventós, Sílvia Carrión, Cristina Bascompte, Pere Clavé
Background/aims: Defecation disorders can occur as a consequence of functional or structural anorectal dysfunctions during voiding. The aims of this study is to assess the prevalence of structural (SDD) vs functional (FDD) defecation disorders among patients with clinical complaints of obstructive defecation (OD) and their relationship with patients' expulsive capacity.
Patients and methods: Retrospective study of 588 patients with OD studied between 2012 and 2020 with evacuation defecography (ED), and anorectal manometry (ARM) in a subgroup of 294.
Results: 90.3% patients were women, age was 58.5±12.4 years. Most (83.7%) had SDD (43.7% rectocele, 45.3% prolapse, 19.3% enterocele, and 8.5% megarectum), all SDD being more prevalent in women except for megarectum. Functional assessments showed: (a) absence of rectification of anorectal angle in 51% of patients and poor pelvic descent in 31.6% at ED and (b) dyssynergic defecation in 89.9%, hypertonic IAS in 44%, and 33.3% rectal hyposensitivity, at ARM. Overall, 46.4% of patients were categorized as pure SDD, 37.3% a combination of SDD+FDD, and 16.3% as having pure FDD. Rectal emptying was impaired in 66.2% of SDD, 71.3% of FDD and in 78% of patients with both (p=0.017).
Conclusions: There was a high prevalence of SDD in middle-aged women with complaints of OD. Incomplete rectal emptying was more prevalent in FDD than in SDD although FDD and SDD frequently coexist. We recommend a stepwise therapeutic approach always starting with therapy directed to improve FDD and relaxation of striated pelvic floor muscles.
{"title":"Characterization of obstructive defecation from a structural and a functional perspective.","authors":"Lluís Mundet, Alba Raventós, Sílvia Carrión, Cristina Bascompte, Pere Clavé","doi":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502219","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502219","url":null,"abstract":"<p><strong>Background/aims: </strong>Defecation disorders can occur as a consequence of functional or structural anorectal dysfunctions during voiding. The aims of this study is to assess the prevalence of structural (SDD) vs functional (FDD) defecation disorders among patients with clinical complaints of obstructive defecation (OD) and their relationship with patients' expulsive capacity.</p><p><strong>Patients and methods: </strong>Retrospective study of 588 patients with OD studied between 2012 and 2020 with evacuation defecography (ED), and anorectal manometry (ARM) in a subgroup of 294.</p><p><strong>Results: </strong>90.3% patients were women, age was 58.5±12.4 years. Most (83.7%) had SDD (43.7% rectocele, 45.3% prolapse, 19.3% enterocele, and 8.5% megarectum), all SDD being more prevalent in women except for megarectum. Functional assessments showed: (a) absence of rectification of anorectal angle in 51% of patients and poor pelvic descent in 31.6% at ED and (b) dyssynergic defecation in 89.9%, hypertonic IAS in 44%, and 33.3% rectal hyposensitivity, at ARM. Overall, 46.4% of patients were categorized as pure SDD, 37.3% a combination of SDD+FDD, and 16.3% as having pure FDD. Rectal emptying was impaired in 66.2% of SDD, 71.3% of FDD and in 78% of patients with both (p=0.017).</p><p><strong>Conclusions: </strong>There was a high prevalence of SDD in middle-aged women with complaints of OD. Incomplete rectal emptying was more prevalent in FDD than in SDD although FDD and SDD frequently coexist. We recommend a stepwise therapeutic approach always starting with therapy directed to improve FDD and relaxation of striated pelvic floor muscles.</p>","PeriodicalId":12802,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterologia y hepatologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-08","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141300494","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502216
Javier Alcedo González, Fermín Estremera-Arévalo, Julyssa Cobián Malaver, Javier Santos Vicente, Luis Gerardo Alcalá-González, Juan Naves, Elizabeth Barba Orozco, Claudia Barber Caselles, Blanca Serrano-Falcón, Anna Accarino Garaventa, Carmen Alonso-Cotoner, Jordi Serra Pueyo
{"title":"Common questions and rationale answers about the intestinal bacterial overgrowth syndrome (SIBO).","authors":"Javier Alcedo González, Fermín Estremera-Arévalo, Julyssa Cobián Malaver, Javier Santos Vicente, Luis Gerardo Alcalá-González, Juan Naves, Elizabeth Barba Orozco, Claudia Barber Caselles, Blanca Serrano-Falcón, Anna Accarino Garaventa, Carmen Alonso-Cotoner, Jordi Serra Pueyo","doi":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502216","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502216","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12802,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterologia y hepatologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141295930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502217
Ana B Larqué, Gerard Frigola, Natalia Castrejón, Sherley Díaz-Mercedes, Eva Musulén Palet, Carolina Martínez Ciarpaglini, Stefania Landolfi, Antonio M Lacy, Francesc Balaguer, Miriam Cuatrecasas
{"title":"Perivascular epithelioid cell neoplasm (PEComa) harboring TFE3 gene rearrangements in a patient with Lynch syndrome.","authors":"Ana B Larqué, Gerard Frigola, Natalia Castrejón, Sherley Díaz-Mercedes, Eva Musulén Palet, Carolina Martínez Ciarpaglini, Stefania Landolfi, Antonio M Lacy, Francesc Balaguer, Miriam Cuatrecasas","doi":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502217","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502217","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12802,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterologia y hepatologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141295929","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-07DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502215
Mario Romero-Cristóbal, Magdalena Salcedo Plaza, Rafael Bañares
The development of machine learning (ML) tools in many different medical settings is largely increasing. However, the use of the resulting algorithms in daily medical practice is still an unsolved challenge. We propose an epistemological approach (i.e., based on logical principles) to the application of computational tools in clinical practice. We rely on the classification of scientific inference into deductive, inductive, and abductive comparing the characteristics of ML tools with those derived from evidence-based medicine [EBM] and experience-based medicine, as paradigms of well-known methods for generation of knowledge. While we illustrate our arguments using liver transplantation as an example, this approach can be applied to other aspects of the specialty. Regarding EBM, it generates general knowledge that clinicians apply deductively, but the certainty of its conclusions is not guaranteed. In contrast, automatic algorithms primarily rely on inductive reasoning. Their design enables the integration of vast datasets and mitigates the emotional biases inherent in human induction. However, its poor capacity for abductive inference (a logical mechanism inherent to human clinical experience) constrains its performance in clinical settings characterized by uncertainty, where data are heterogeneous, results are highly influenced by context, or where prognostic factors can change rapidly.
在许多不同的医疗环境中,机器学习(ML)工具的发展在很大程度上与日俱增。然而,如何在日常医疗实践中使用这些算法仍是一个尚未解决的难题。我们提出了一种在临床实践中应用计算工具的认识论方法(即基于逻辑原则)。我们将科学推论分为演绎法、归纳法和归纳法,并将 ML 工具的特点与循证医学(EBM)和经验医学的特点进行比较,后者是众所周知的知识生成方法范例。我们以肝脏移植为例说明我们的论点,但这种方法也可应用于本专业的其他方面。关于 EBM,它产生的是临床医生可以演绎应用的一般知识,但其结论的确定性却无法保证。相比之下,自动算法主要依靠归纳推理。它们的设计能够整合庞大的数据集,并减少人类归纳中固有的情感偏差。然而,其归纳推理能力(人类临床经验中固有的一种逻辑机制)较差,这限制了其在具有不确定性的临床环境中的表现,因为在这些环境中,数据是异构的,结果受背景影响很大,或者预后因素会迅速变化。
{"title":"Why your doctor is not an algorithm: Exploring logical principles of different clinical inference methods using liver transplantation as a model.","authors":"Mario Romero-Cristóbal, Magdalena Salcedo Plaza, Rafael Bañares","doi":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502215","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502215","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>The development of machine learning (ML) tools in many different medical settings is largely increasing. However, the use of the resulting algorithms in daily medical practice is still an unsolved challenge. We propose an epistemological approach (i.e., based on logical principles) to the application of computational tools in clinical practice. We rely on the classification of scientific inference into deductive, inductive, and abductive comparing the characteristics of ML tools with those derived from evidence-based medicine [EBM] and experience-based medicine, as paradigms of well-known methods for generation of knowledge. While we illustrate our arguments using liver transplantation as an example, this approach can be applied to other aspects of the specialty. Regarding EBM, it generates general knowledge that clinicians apply deductively, but the certainty of its conclusions is not guaranteed. In contrast, automatic algorithms primarily rely on inductive reasoning. Their design enables the integration of vast datasets and mitigates the emotional biases inherent in human induction. However, its poor capacity for abductive inference (a logical mechanism inherent to human clinical experience) constrains its performance in clinical settings characterized by uncertainty, where data are heterogeneous, results are highly influenced by context, or where prognostic factors can change rapidly.</p>","PeriodicalId":12802,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterologia y hepatologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-07","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141295931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-06-04DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502214
Pedro Delgado-Guillena, Mireya Jimeno, Antonio López-Nuñez, Henry Córdova, Gloria Fernández-Esparrach
Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is the main trigger of chronic gastric atrophy and the main leading cause of gastric cancer. Hp infects the normal gastric mucosa and can lead to chronic inflammation, glandular atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and finally adenocarcinoma. Chronic inflammation and gastric atrophy associated with Hp infection appear initially in the distal part of the stomach (the antrum) before progressing to the proximal part (the corpus-fundus). In recent years, endoscopic developments have allowed for the characterization of various gastric conditions including the normal mucosa (pyloric/fundic gland pattern and regular arrangement of collecting venules), Hp-related gastritis (Kyoto classification), glandular atrophy (Kimura-Takemoto classification), intestinal metaplasia (Endoscopic Grading of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia), and dysplasia/adenocarcinoma (Vessel plus Surface classification). Despite being independent classifications, all these scales can be integrated into a single model: the endoscopic model for gastric carcinogenesis. This model would assist endoscopists in comprehending the process of gastric carcinogenesis and conducting a systematic examination during gastroscopy. Having this model in mind would enable endoscopists to promptly recognize the implications of Hp infection and the potential patient's risk of developing gastric cancer.
幽门螺杆菌(Hp)是胃慢性萎缩的主要诱因,也是胃癌的主要致病原因。Hp 感染胃正常粘膜后,可导致慢性炎症、腺体萎缩、肠化生、发育不良,最终导致腺癌。与 Hp 感染相关的慢性炎症和胃萎缩最初出现在胃的远端(胃窦),然后发展到近端(胃底)。近年来,内镜技术的发展使各种胃病的特征得以确定,包括正常粘膜(幽门/胃底腺体形态和规则排列的集合静脉)、与 Hp 相关的胃炎(京都分类)、腺体萎缩(木村-竹本分类)、肠化生(胃肠化生的内镜分级)和发育不良/腺癌(血管加表面分类)。尽管所有这些分级都是独立的,但可以整合成一个模型:胃癌发生的内镜模型。该模型有助于内镜医师理解胃癌发生的过程,并在胃镜检查中进行系统检查。有了这一模型,内镜医师就能及时发现 Hp 感染的影响以及潜在患者罹患胃癌的风险。
{"title":"The endoscopic model for gastric carcinogenesis and Helicobacter pylori infection: A potential visual mind-map during gastroscopy examination.","authors":"Pedro Delgado-Guillena, Mireya Jimeno, Antonio López-Nuñez, Henry Córdova, Gloria Fernández-Esparrach","doi":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502214","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502214","url":null,"abstract":"<p><p>Helicobacter pylori (Hp) is the main trigger of chronic gastric atrophy and the main leading cause of gastric cancer. Hp infects the normal gastric mucosa and can lead to chronic inflammation, glandular atrophy, intestinal metaplasia, dysplasia and finally adenocarcinoma. Chronic inflammation and gastric atrophy associated with Hp infection appear initially in the distal part of the stomach (the antrum) before progressing to the proximal part (the corpus-fundus). In recent years, endoscopic developments have allowed for the characterization of various gastric conditions including the normal mucosa (pyloric/fundic gland pattern and regular arrangement of collecting venules), Hp-related gastritis (Kyoto classification), glandular atrophy (Kimura-Takemoto classification), intestinal metaplasia (Endoscopic Grading of Gastric Intestinal Metaplasia), and dysplasia/adenocarcinoma (Vessel plus Surface classification). Despite being independent classifications, all these scales can be integrated into a single model: the endoscopic model for gastric carcinogenesis. This model would assist endoscopists in comprehending the process of gastric carcinogenesis and conducting a systematic examination during gastroscopy. Having this model in mind would enable endoscopists to promptly recognize the implications of Hp infection and the potential patient's risk of developing gastric cancer.</p>","PeriodicalId":12802,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterologia y hepatologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":2.2,"publicationDate":"2024-06-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141283523","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-28DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502213
Alejandro García Martínez, María Del Pilar Lobato de la Sierra, Teresa Castro Aguilar-Tablada
{"title":"Combined biologic treatment in patient with chronic spontaneous urticaria and Crohn's disease.","authors":"Alejandro García Martínez, María Del Pilar Lobato de la Sierra, Teresa Castro Aguilar-Tablada","doi":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502213","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502213","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12802,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterologia y hepatologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141179481","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-20DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502212
Ana Hurtado-Soriano, Ana Tirado, Francisco Javier Puchol-Rodrigo, José Cameo, Lucía Madero, Ana Gutiérrez
{"title":"Azathioprine: a rare cause of sialadenitis. Two cases report.","authors":"Ana Hurtado-Soriano, Ana Tirado, Francisco Javier Puchol-Rodrigo, José Cameo, Lucía Madero, Ana Gutiérrez","doi":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502212","DOIUrl":"10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502212","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12802,"journal":{"name":"Gastroenterologia y hepatologia","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":1.9,"publicationDate":"2024-05-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141081151","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"医学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2024-05-17DOI: 10.1016/j.gastrohep.2024.502211
Paula Fraga-Blanco, Nuria Boullon-Batalla, Jose Manuel Benitez, Cristina Suarez-Ferrer, Iria Baston-Rey, Margalida Calafat
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