Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.2298/hemind180103009s
B. Štefanovič, R. Lazić, J. Mirković, E. Taso, M. Simeunovic, Z. Nešić
{"title":"EDX analyisis of metal-ceramic interfaces of recasted nickel-chromium dental alloys","authors":"B. Štefanovič, R. Lazić, J. Mirković, E. Taso, M. Simeunovic, Z. Nešić","doi":"10.2298/hemind180103009s","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/hemind180103009s","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12913,"journal":{"name":"Hemijska Industrija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68381022","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2018-01-01DOI: 10.2298/hemind171009001b
M. L. Babinčev, Miljana S. Marković, Dragana B. Radosavljević
{"title":"Analysis and simulation of bioaccumulation of selected metals from contaminated soil","authors":"M. L. Babinčev, Miljana S. Marković, Dragana B. Radosavljević","doi":"10.2298/hemind171009001b","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/hemind171009001b","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":12913,"journal":{"name":"Hemijska Industrija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2018-01-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"68380688","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-12DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND160713049K
D. Kostić, Ivana Malagurski, B. Obradovic
The aim of this work was to assess phenomena occurring during AgNP transport from nanocomposite Ag/alginate hydrogels under conditions relevant for potential biomedical applications as antimicrobial soft tissue implants. First, we have studied AgNP migration from the nanocomposite to the adjacent alginate hydrogel mimicking soft tissue next to the implant. AgNP deposition was carried out by the initial burst release lasting for ~24 h yielding large aggregates on hydrogel surfaces and smaller clusters (~400 nm in size) inside. However, the overall released content was low (0.67%) indicating high nanocomposite stability. In the next experimental series, release of AgNPs, 10–30 nm in size, from Ag/alginate microbeads in water was investigated under static conditions as well as under continuous perfusion mimicking vascularized tissues. Mathematical modeling has revealed AgNP release by diffusion under static conditions with the diffusion coefficient within the Ag/alginate hydrogel of 6.9´10 –19 m 2 s –1 . Conversely, continuous perfusion induced increased AgNP release by convection with the interstitial fluid velocity estimated as 4.6 nm s –1 . Overall, the obtained results indicated the influence of hydrodynamic conditions at the implantation site on silver release and potential implant functionality, which should be investigated at the experimentation beginning using appropriate in vitro systems.
这项工作的目的是评估在与抗菌软组织植入物的潜在生物医学应用相关的条件下，纳米复合Ag/藻酸盐水凝胶在AgNP转运过程中发生的现象。首先，我们研究了AgNP从纳米复合材料迁移到植入物旁边的模拟软组织的相邻藻酸盐水凝胶。AgNP沉积是通过持续约24小时的初始爆裂释放进行的，在水凝胶表面产生大的聚集体，在水凝胶内部产生较小的团簇（约400nm大小）。然而，总释放含量较低（0.67%），表明纳米复合物的稳定性较高。在下一个实验系列中，研究了在静态条件下以及在模拟血管化组织的连续灌注下，从水中的Ag/藻酸盐微珠中释放大小为10-30 nm的AgNPs。数学模型显示，AgNP在静态条件下通过扩散释放，Ag/藻酸盐水凝胶内的扩散系数为6.9´10–19 m 2 s–1。相反，持续灌注通过对流诱导AgNP释放增加，间质液速度估计为4.6 nm s–1。总的来说，所获得的结果表明了植入部位的流体动力学条件对银释放和潜在植入物功能的影响，这应该在实验开始时使用合适的体外系统进行研究。
{"title":"Transport of silver nanoparticles from nanocomposite Ag/alginate hydrogels under conditions mimicking tissue implantation","authors":"D. Kostić, Ivana Malagurski, B. Obradovic","doi":"10.2298/HEMIND160713049K","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND160713049K","url":null,"abstract":"The aim of this work was to assess phenomena occurring during AgNP transport from nanocomposite Ag/alginate hydrogels under conditions relevant for potential biomedical applications as antimicrobial soft tissue implants. First, we have studied AgNP migration from the nanocomposite to the adjacent alginate hydrogel mimicking soft tissue next to the implant. AgNP deposition was carried out by the initial burst release lasting for ~24 h yielding large aggregates on hydrogel surfaces and smaller clusters (~400 nm in size) inside. However, the overall released content was low (0.67%) indicating high nanocomposite stability. In the next experimental series, release of AgNPs, 10–30 nm in size, from Ag/alginate microbeads in water was investigated under static conditions as well as under continuous perfusion mimicking vascularized tissues. Mathematical modeling has revealed AgNP release by diffusion under static conditions with the diffusion coefficient within the Ag/alginate hydrogel of 6.9´10 –19 m 2 s –1 . Conversely, continuous perfusion induced increased AgNP release by convection with the interstitial fluid velocity estimated as 4.6 nm s –1 . Overall, the obtained results indicated the influence of hydrodynamic conditions at the implantation site on silver release and potential implant functionality, which should be investigated at the experimentation beginning using appropriate in vitro systems.","PeriodicalId":12913,"journal":{"name":"Hemijska Industrija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45787296","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-12DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND160518047G
M. Grujic, M. Dzamic, D. Mitic, V. Stankov-Jovanović, P. Marin, S. Stojanovic
Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of aerial parts of Lamium purpureum L. was determined by DPPH, ABTS,FRAP and TRP assays. Contents of flavonoids and phenols were also investigated. The total phenolic content in the extracts, determined using Folin–Ciocalteu assay, ranged between 8.57 to 128.00 mg GAE/g d.e. while concentrations of flavonoids in the extracts varied from 24.20 to 39.80 mg QuE/g d.e. The highest phenolic content was found in methanol extract (128.00 mg GAE/g d.e.). The highest content of total flavonoids was identified in the methanol extract (39.80 mg QuE/g d.e.) and the lowest was in the chloroform (24.30 mg QuE/g d.e.). DPPH scavenging of the extracts was determined and obtained IC 50 values ranged from 0.12 to 3.12 mg/mL of solution. The values of ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged from 0.35 to 1.80 mg AA/g. The highest ABTS antiradical activity was registered for methanol extract. The FRAP value was found within the range 0.08 to 1.04 µmol Fe/mg. The best radical scavenger was methanol (1.04 µmol Fe/mg). In reducing power assay different extracts of L. purpureum showed increasing of activity with increased concentration, and all extracts possessed substantial dose dependent antioxidant activity. The best reducing capacity was obtained with methanol extract of L. purpureum (0.0132 mg AA/mL). The results in this study confirmed that L. purpureum possesses moderate antioxidant properties.
{"title":"Effects of solvent extraction system on antioxidant activity of Lamium purpureum L.","authors":"M. Grujic, M. Dzamic, D. Mitic, V. Stankov-Jovanović, P. Marin, S. Stojanovic","doi":"10.2298/HEMIND160518047G","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND160518047G","url":null,"abstract":"Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of methanol, ethanol, ethyl acetate and chloroform extracts of aerial parts of Lamium purpureum L. was determined by DPPH, ABTS,FRAP and TRP assays. Contents of flavonoids and phenols were also investigated. The total phenolic content in the extracts, determined using Folin–Ciocalteu assay, ranged between 8.57 to 128.00 mg GAE/g d.e. while concentrations of flavonoids in the extracts varied from 24.20 to 39.80 mg QuE/g d.e. The highest phenolic content was found in methanol extract (128.00 mg GAE/g d.e.). The highest content of total flavonoids was identified in the methanol extract (39.80 mg QuE/g d.e.) and the lowest was in the chloroform (24.30 mg QuE/g d.e.). DPPH scavenging of the extracts was determined and obtained IC 50 values ranged from 0.12 to 3.12 mg/mL of solution. The values of ABTS radical scavenging activity ranged from 0.35 to 1.80 mg AA/g. The highest ABTS antiradical activity was registered for methanol extract. The FRAP value was found within the range 0.08 to 1.04 µmol Fe/mg. The best radical scavenger was methanol (1.04 µmol Fe/mg). In reducing power assay different extracts of L. purpureum showed increasing of activity with increased concentration, and all extracts possessed substantial dose dependent antioxidant activity. The best reducing capacity was obtained with methanol extract of L. purpureum (0.0132 mg AA/mL). The results in this study confirmed that L. purpureum possesses moderate antioxidant properties.","PeriodicalId":12913,"journal":{"name":"Hemijska Industrija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44734493","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-12DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND161021007Z
Nikola Zlatkovic, D. Majstorović, M. Kijevčanin, E. Živković
Plate heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger that uses corrugated metal plates to transfer heat between two fluids. The plate corrugations are designed to achieve turbulence across the entire heat transfer area thus producing the highest possible heat transfer coefficients while allowing close temperature approaches. Subsequently, this leads to a smaller heat transfer area, smaller units and in some cases, fewer heat exchangers. In this work, an application for thermal and hydraulic computations of plate heat exchangers had been developed using Sharp Develop, an open source programming platform. During the development process, several literature methods and correlations for calculation of heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop in a plate heat exchanger have been tested and the selected four methods: Martin, VDI, Kumar and Coulson and Richardson have been incorporated into the software. The structure of the software is visually presented through several windows: a window for inserting input data, windows for showing the results of computation by each of the methods, a window for showing comparative analysis of the most important computation results obtained by all of the used methods and a help window for demonstrating the working principle of plate heat exchanger.
板式换热器是一种利用波纹金属板在两种流体之间传递热量的换热器。板波纹的设计是为了在整个传热区域实现湍流，从而在允许接近温度的情况下产生尽可能高的传热系数。随后，这导致更小的传热面积，更小的单位，在某些情况下，更少的热交换器。在这项工作中，利用开源编程平台Sharp Develop开发了一个板式换热器的热力和水力计算应用程序。在开发过程中，对几种计算板式换热器换热系数和压降的文献方法和相关性进行了测试，并选择了Martin、VDI、Kumar和Coulson and Richardson四种方法纳入软件。软件的结构通过几个窗口直观地呈现出来:一个输入数据的窗口，一个显示每种方法计算结果的窗口，一个显示所有方法得到的最重要计算结果的比较分析窗口，一个展示板式换热器工作原理的帮助窗口。
{"title":"Plate heat exchanger design software for industrial and educational applications","authors":"Nikola Zlatkovic, D. Majstorović, M. Kijevčanin, E. Živković","doi":"10.2298/HEMIND161021007Z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND161021007Z","url":null,"abstract":"Plate heat exchanger is a type of heat exchanger that uses corrugated metal plates to transfer heat between two fluids. The plate corrugations are designed to achieve turbulence across the entire heat transfer area thus producing the highest possible heat transfer coefficients while allowing close temperature approaches. Subsequently, this leads to a smaller heat transfer area, smaller units and in some cases, fewer heat exchangers. In this work, an application for thermal and hydraulic computations of plate heat exchangers had been developed using Sharp Develop, an open source programming platform. During the development process, several literature methods and correlations for calculation of heat transfer coefficient and pressure drop in a plate heat exchanger have been tested and the selected four methods: Martin, VDI, Kumar and Coulson and Richardson have been incorporated into the software. The structure of the software is visually presented through several windows: a window for inserting input data, windows for showing the results of computation by each of the methods, a window for showing comparative analysis of the most important computation results obtained by all of the used methods and a help window for demonstrating the working principle of plate heat exchanger.","PeriodicalId":12913,"journal":{"name":"Hemijska Industrija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42420356","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-12DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND151126004C
Vesna V. Cvetković-Stamenković, D. Manasijević, S. Marjanović, A. Ivanović, B. Trumić, Vesna Marjanovic, Milan M. Jovanović
Ovaj rad obuhvata eksperimentalna i analiticka ispitivanja uticaja termomehanickog režima prerade na mehanicke osobine i elektricnu provodljivost PdNi5 legure, u obliku žice O 0,15 mm, za izradu katalizatora–hvataca. Ispitivanja pokazuju da mehanicke osobine i elektricna provodljivost zavise od primenjenog režima termomehanicke prerade. Poznavanje zavisnosti uticaja parametara termomehanickog režima prerade na ove osobine omogucava proizvodnju PdNi5 legure zahtevanih karakteristika za primenu u procesu kataliticke oksidacije amonijaka, odnosno resavanje problema gubitka platinskih metala, pre svega platine. Rezultati analitickog ispitivanja uticaja termomehanickog režima prerade softverskim paketom SPSS na zateznu cvrstocu, izduženje i elektricnu provodljivost PdNi5 legure u obliku žice O 0,15 mm pokazali su da se primenom linearne regresione analize na adekvatan nacin mogu opisati i analizirati međusobni uticaji izabranih parametara termomehanicke obrade na mehanicke osobine i elektricnu provodljivost PdNi5 legure. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da se zatezna cvrstoca i elektricna provodljivost neznatno menjaju sa promenom temperature i vremena žarenja dok izduženje znacajno raste sa povecanjem vremena žarenja.
这项工作涵盖了热机械系统对PdNi5 legure的机械特性和电性能的影响的实验和分析研究，PdNi5 legure以0.15mm的串的形式用于催化剂捕获。研究表明，机械特性和电气性能取决于测温贸易制度的应用。对热交换系统参数对这些特性的影响的依赖性的知识允许生产应用铵催化氧化工艺所需的PdNi5 legure特性，即首先解决铂金属的损失问题。关于热机械状态的影响的分析研究的结果在紧密性的基础上被转换成SPSS软件包，izduženje i elektricnu provodljivost PdNi5 legure u oblikužice O 0,15 mm pokazali su da se priminnom linearne regresione analization na adekvatan nacin mogu opisati i analizati meŞusobni uticaji izabranih parametara termomehanicke obrade na mehanicke osobine i elektricanu provoldjivost PdNi5 legture。结果表明，火灾温度和时间的强度和电导率是未知的，而延长时间显著增加。
{"title":"Influence of thermomechanical processing regime on the mechanical properties and electrical conductivity of PdNi5 alloy","authors":"Vesna V. Cvetković-Stamenković, D. Manasijević, S. Marjanović, A. Ivanović, B. Trumić, Vesna Marjanovic, Milan M. Jovanović","doi":"10.2298/HEMIND151126004C","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND151126004C","url":null,"abstract":"Ovaj rad obuhvata eksperimentalna i analiticka ispitivanja uticaja termomehanickog režima prerade na mehanicke osobine i elektricnu provodljivost PdNi5 legure, u obliku žice O 0,15 mm, za izradu katalizatora–hvataca. Ispitivanja pokazuju da mehanicke osobine i elektricna provodljivost zavise od primenjenog režima termomehanicke prerade. Poznavanje zavisnosti uticaja parametara termomehanickog režima prerade na ove osobine omogucava proizvodnju PdNi5 legure zahtevanih karakteristika za primenu u procesu kataliticke oksidacije amonijaka, odnosno resavanje problema gubitka platinskih metala, pre svega platine. Rezultati analitickog ispitivanja uticaja termomehanickog režima prerade softverskim paketom SPSS na zateznu cvrstocu, izduženje i elektricnu provodljivost PdNi5 legure u obliku žice O 0,15 mm pokazali su da se primenom linearne regresione analize na adekvatan nacin mogu opisati i analizirati međusobni uticaji izabranih parametara termomehanicke obrade na mehanicke osobine i elektricnu provodljivost PdNi5 legure. Dobijeni rezultati ukazuju da se zatezna cvrstoca i elektricna provodljivost neznatno menjaju sa promenom temperature i vremena žarenja dok izduženje znacajno raste sa povecanjem vremena žarenja.","PeriodicalId":12913,"journal":{"name":"Hemijska Industrija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"47643339","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-12DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND160603002P
Z. Pešić, R. M. Becelic-Tomin, V. Kerkez, D. Dalmacija, M. Krčmar, P. Maletic, S. Varga
Procena uticaja ispustanja otpadnih voda je proces koji pomaže da se razume i oceni velicina rizika kao i verovatnoca da dođe do rizika. U radu je primenjen analiticki okvir analize pritisaka i uticaja na reku Krivaju. Za procenu uticaja koristeni su podaci o izvoru i znacaju pritisaka zagađenja iz koncentrisanih izvora i podaci o stanju vodotoka dobijeni na osnovu monitoringa. Kako bi se uzelo u obzir kumulativno opterecenje izvrsen je proracun maksimalnog opterecenja koje reka može da primi, a da ne dođe do narusavanja njenog kvaliteta. Analize kolicine i kvaliteta otpadnih voda ukazuju na znacajne pritiske svih zagađivaca, zbog prekoracenja granicnih vrednosti emisije, pre svega bioloske potrosnje kiseonika i amonijaka. Vecina pokazatelja kvaliteta vode reke Krivaje prekoracuju zahte-vane vrednosti za dobar status. U slucaju parametara kiseonicnog režima i nutrijenata prekoracenje je vece od deset puta, te oni spadaju u parametre visokog rizika. Emitovano opterecenje iz koncentrisanih izvora je vece od prihvatne moci recipijenta pri svakom od merenih proticaja (pri maksimalnom izmerenom protoku opterecenje je 3 puta vece za organske materije i 11 puta za azot). Na osnovu sprovedenog monitoring programa i procene rizika ustanovljeno je da je Krivaja verovatno pod rizikom od nepostizanja zahtevanog kvaliteta vode.
{"title":"Identification of significant pressures and assessment of wastewater discharge on Krivaja River water quality","authors":"Z. Pešić, R. M. Becelic-Tomin, V. Kerkez, D. Dalmacija, M. Krčmar, P. Maletic, S. Varga","doi":"10.2298/HEMIND160603002P","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND160603002P","url":null,"abstract":"Procena uticaja ispustanja otpadnih voda je proces koji pomaže da se razume i oceni velicina rizika kao i verovatnoca da dođe do rizika. U radu je primenjen analiticki okvir analize pritisaka i uticaja na reku Krivaju. Za procenu uticaja koristeni su podaci o izvoru i znacaju pritisaka zagađenja iz koncentrisanih izvora i podaci o stanju vodotoka dobijeni na osnovu monitoringa. Kako bi se uzelo u obzir kumulativno opterecenje izvrsen je proracun maksimalnog opterecenja koje reka može da primi, a da ne dođe do narusavanja njenog kvaliteta. Analize kolicine i kvaliteta otpadnih voda ukazuju na znacajne pritiske svih zagađivaca, zbog prekoracenja granicnih vrednosti emisije, pre svega bioloske potrosnje kiseonika i amonijaka. Vecina pokazatelja kvaliteta vode reke Krivaje prekoracuju zahte-vane vrednosti za dobar status. U slucaju parametara kiseonicnog režima i nutrijenata prekoracenje je vece od deset puta, te oni spadaju u parametre visokog rizika. Emitovano opterecenje iz koncentrisanih izvora je vece od prihvatne moci recipijenta pri svakom od merenih proticaja (pri maksimalnom izmerenom protoku opterecenje je 3 puta vece za organske materije i 11 puta za azot). Na osnovu sprovedenog monitoring programa i procene rizika ustanovljeno je da je Krivaja verovatno pod rizikom od nepostizanja zahtevanog kvaliteta vode.","PeriodicalId":12913,"journal":{"name":"Hemijska Industrija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48035730","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-12DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND160308008A
A. Al-Rawajfeh, S. Jaber, Hossam Etawi
Recent patents on water desalination by using renewable energy technologies are critically reviewed with highlighting on environmental impacts and sustainable development. An overview of using wind, hydroelectric, wave and tidal, wind/solar, geothermal, and solar renewable energy technologies for desalinated water production are assessed. Solar energy is the mother of all other renewable energies; it does not pollute, it is free and available everywhere. Several patents have been invented systems and methods that collected and converted solar energy to electrical energy via solar energy which can be used for water desalination. Wind farm with wind-driven pressurizing devices is used to desalinate salt water by reverse osmosis. Geothermal has been used as an effective method for water desalination. It is highly recommended to provide seawater desalination powered by a renewable energy source in remote areas. On the other hand, sequentially staged of energy conversion steps operate at low efficiencies.
{"title":"Desalination by renewable energy: A mini review of the recent patents","authors":"A. Al-Rawajfeh, S. Jaber, Hossam Etawi","doi":"10.2298/HEMIND160308008A","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND160308008A","url":null,"abstract":"Recent patents on water desalination by using renewable energy technologies are critically reviewed with highlighting on environmental impacts and sustainable development. An overview of using wind, hydroelectric, wave and tidal, wind/solar, geothermal, and solar renewable energy technologies for desalinated water production are assessed. Solar energy is the mother of all other renewable energies; it does not pollute, it is free and available everywhere. Several patents have been invented systems and methods that collected and converted solar energy to electrical energy via solar energy which can be used for water desalination. Wind farm with wind-driven pressurizing devices is used to desalinate salt water by reverse osmosis. Geothermal has been used as an effective method for water desalination. It is highly recommended to provide seawater desalination powered by a renewable energy source in remote areas. On the other hand, sequentially staged of energy conversion steps operate at low efficiencies.","PeriodicalId":12913,"journal":{"name":"Hemijska Industrija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44501597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-12DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND150608005N
Ayawei Nimibofa, E. A. Tobin, S. David, W. Donbebe, Dikio Ezekiel Dixon
This study explored the adsorption capacity of Mg/Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) for the removal of Cu 2+ from aqueous solutions after synthesis and characterization. The effect of various operational parameters such as concentration, temperature and sorption time on the adsorption of Cu 2+ was investigated using batch adsorption process experiments. It was found that layered double hydroxide (LDH) can be used as adsorbent for the removal of copper ions in aqueous solution containing low concentration of the metal salt. The average values of activation energy, isosteric heat of adsorption, entropy and enthalpy were 1.447, 12.9, 0.0137 and –4.8390 kJ/mol, respectively. This shows that the adsorption of the metal ion on the adsorbent follows a physical adsorption mechanism. The kinetic results conform to pseudo-second order model ( R 2 = 0.9959) and second order kinetic model ( R 2 = 0.9952) while the adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent followed both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models.
{"title":"Equilibrium, kinetic and thermodynamic studies of the uptake of copper by layered double hydroxide","authors":"Ayawei Nimibofa, E. A. Tobin, S. David, W. Donbebe, Dikio Ezekiel Dixon","doi":"10.2298/HEMIND150608005N","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND150608005N","url":null,"abstract":"This study explored the adsorption capacity of Mg/Al layered double hydroxide (LDH) for the removal of Cu 2+ from aqueous solutions after synthesis and characterization. The effect of various operational parameters such as concentration, temperature and sorption time on the adsorption of Cu 2+ was investigated using batch adsorption process experiments. It was found that layered double hydroxide (LDH) can be used as adsorbent for the removal of copper ions in aqueous solution containing low concentration of the metal salt. The average values of activation energy, isosteric heat of adsorption, entropy and enthalpy were 1.447, 12.9, 0.0137 and –4.8390 kJ/mol, respectively. This shows that the adsorption of the metal ion on the adsorbent follows a physical adsorption mechanism. The kinetic results conform to pseudo-second order model ( R 2 = 0.9959) and second order kinetic model ( R 2 = 0.9952) while the adsorption characteristics of the adsorbent followed both Langmuir and Freundlich adsorption isotherm models.","PeriodicalId":12913,"journal":{"name":"Hemijska Industrija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45906775","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2017-11-12DOI: 10.2298/HEMIND161018001Z
Aleksandar Zdravković, L. Nikolić, S. Ilić-Stojanović, V. Nikolić, S. Savić, A. Kapor
Hydrogels are synthesized by the method of radical polymerization of monomers: N -isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylic acid (AA). Characterization of poly( N -isopropylacrylamide- co -acrylic acid) hydrogels, p(NIPAM/AA), has been performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by determination of the swelling behaviour in aqueous solutions at different temperatures (25, 31 and 37 °C) and pH values (2.2, 4.5, 6 and 6.8). After lyophilisation in the solution at pH 6 and temperature of 25 °C, p(NIPAM/AA) hydrogels have rapidly reached equilibrium degree of swelling, α e , in comparison to non-lyophilized samples. The mechanism of solvent transport within matrix in lyophilized samples corresponds to less Fickian diffusion, whereas Super case II diffusion is characteristic for non-lyophilized samples. p(NIPAM/AA) hydrogel with 1.5 mol% of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDM) at the temperature of 25 °C and pH 6.8, has reached the highest swelling equilibrium degree, α e = 259.8. The results of swelling studies have shown that p(NIPAM/AA) hydrogels can be classified as superabsorbent polymers (SAPs). For the evaluation of pH and temperature influences on synthesized hydrogels swelling, a full three-level experimental design has been used. Two-factor interaction model (2FI) is the most optimal model of a full three-level experimental design for representing the swelling equilibrium degree of p(NIPAM/AA) hydrogels as a function of investigated parameters, i.e., temperature and pH.
以N -异丙基丙烯酰胺(NIPAM)和丙烯酸(AA)为单体，采用自由基聚合法制备了水凝胶。采用傅里叶变换红外光谱(FTIR)、x射线衍射(XRD)以及在不同温度(25、31和37℃)和pH值(2.2、4.5、6和6.8)下水溶液中的溶胀行为对聚(N -异丙基-丙烯酰胺- co -丙烯酸)水凝胶p(NIPAM/AA)进行了表征。在pH为6，温度为25°C的溶液中冻干后，与未冻干的样品相比，p(NIPAM/AA)水凝胶迅速达到平衡膨胀度α e。在冻干样品中，溶剂在基质内的输运机制对应于较少的菲克扩散，而非冻干样品的超级案例II扩散是典型的。p(NIPAM/AA)水凝胶在25℃、pH 6.8条件下，加入1.5 mol%的乙二醇二甲基丙烯酸酯(EGDM)，膨胀平衡度达到最高，α e = 259.8。溶胀研究结果表明，p(NIPAM/AA)水凝胶可归类为高吸水性聚合物(sap)。为了评价pH和温度对合成水凝胶溶胀的影响，采用了完整的三水平实验设计。双因素相互作用模型(2FI)是完整三水平实验设计中表征p(NIPAM/AA)水凝胶溶胀平衡程度随实验参数(温度和pH)变化的最优模型。
{"title":"The evaluation of temperature and pH influences on equilibrium swelling of poly(n-isopropylacrylamide-co-acrylic acid) hydrogels","authors":"Aleksandar Zdravković, L. Nikolić, S. Ilić-Stojanović, V. Nikolić, S. Savić, A. Kapor","doi":"10.2298/HEMIND161018001Z","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.2298/HEMIND161018001Z","url":null,"abstract":"Hydrogels are synthesized by the method of radical polymerization of monomers: N -isopropylacrylamide (NIPAM) and acrylic acid (AA). Characterization of poly( N -isopropylacrylamide- co -acrylic acid) hydrogels, p(NIPAM/AA), has been performed by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray diffraction (XRD) and by determination of the swelling behaviour in aqueous solutions at different temperatures (25, 31 and 37 °C) and pH values (2.2, 4.5, 6 and 6.8). After lyophilisation in the solution at pH 6 and temperature of 25 °C, p(NIPAM/AA) hydrogels have rapidly reached equilibrium degree of swelling, α e , in comparison to non-lyophilized samples. The mechanism of solvent transport within matrix in lyophilized samples corresponds to less Fickian diffusion, whereas Super case II diffusion is characteristic for non-lyophilized samples. p(NIPAM/AA) hydrogel with 1.5 mol% of ethylene glycol dimethacrylate (EGDM) at the temperature of 25 °C and pH 6.8, has reached the highest swelling equilibrium degree, α e = 259.8. The results of swelling studies have shown that p(NIPAM/AA) hydrogels can be classified as superabsorbent polymers (SAPs). For the evaluation of pH and temperature influences on synthesized hydrogels swelling, a full three-level experimental design has been used. Two-factor interaction model (2FI) is the most optimal model of a full three-level experimental design for representing the swelling equilibrium degree of p(NIPAM/AA) hydrogels as a function of investigated parameters, i.e., temperature and pH.","PeriodicalId":12913,"journal":{"name":"Hemijska Industrija","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.9,"publicationDate":"2017-11-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42409543","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":4,"RegionCategory":"工程技术","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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