Head and neck tumors (HNT)最新文献

{"title":"Treatment strategies of recurrent jaw osteosarcoma: case report","authors":"O. A. Saprina, M. Kropotov, B. B. Vyzhigina, K. А. Ganina","doi":"10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-3-89-97","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-3-89-97","url":null,"abstract":"Osteosarcoma of jaw is a rare malignant neoplasm of the maxillofacial region. Morphologically and radiologically identical to trunk and extremities sarcomas, but clinical features and prognosis of the disease have important differences. The strategy in treatment of gnathic sarcomas extrapolated from peripheral sarcomas, and represents an integrated multidisciplinary approach. The role of neoadjuvant chemotherapy remains controversial as well as adjuvant chemotherapy due to lack of clinical research. Surgical treatment with achievement of clean resection margins is the main favorable prognostic factor. Fibular free flap has been widely used for the last decade for mandible reconstruction. The strategies of treatment recurrent disease directly depend on ability to perform complete resection. Despite increased technical complexity, secondary free peroneal flap reconstruction can be performed safely, reliably, and with similar results to the premier segmental mandibulectomy. The use of radiation therapy is limited to unresectable or recurrent lesions. Well known that jaw osteosarcomas have a relatively higher survival rate and low metastasis rate, however, local recurrences significantly worsen the prognosis of patients. The following is a clinical case of treatment recurrent jaw osteosarcoma using second fibular free flap.","PeriodicalId":12937,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck tumors (HNT)","volume":"29 S2","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138980705","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems of follicular thyroid carcinoma diagnostics","authors":"S. Titov, S. A. Lukyanov, S. V. Sergiyko, Y. Veryaskina, T. E. Ilyina, E. S. Kozorezov, S. Vorobyov","doi":"10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-3-10-23","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-3-10-23","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Follicular thyroid cancer is much less common than papillary cancer. Nevertheless, the main difficulties in preoperative diagnosis are associated with this morphological type. A fine needle aspiration biopsy is not able to distinguish a benign follicular adenoma from a follicular carcinoma, which forces surgeons to perform diagnostic resection of the thyroid gland in all patients with a cytological conclusion «follicular tumor».Aim. To search for microRNAs specific to follicular cancer by sequencing a new generation.Materials and methods. The data of patients with a preoperative cytological conclusion «follicular tumor» operated at the Chelyabinsk Center for Endocrine Surgery from 2021 to 2022 were analyzed. Histological preparations were reviewed twice by pathologists. Genome sequencing was performed in 8 histological samples of follicular cancer and 8 samples of follicular adenoma. The expression levels of the selected microRNAs were compared with 198 archived cytological samples of various types of thyroid tumors.Results. The risk of malignancy at the cytological conclusion «follicular tumor» was 25.4 % (error 74.6 %). Follicular cancer was first detected in 36 patients, the incidence was 0.68 new cases per 100 thousand population per year. The diagnosis of «follicular cancer» was confirmed by 3 morphologists in 8 (36.4 %) cases. Sequencing revealed the 5 most distinct microRNAs between follicular cancer and follicular adenoma: miR-625, miR-323a, let-7a, let-7c and miR-574. The level of errors in the differentiation of follicular adenoma and follicular cancer using the microRNAs we selected was 21 % (35 % with cross-validation).Conclusion. Molecular genetic research at the preoperative stage, aimed at differentiating follicular cancer and follicular adenoma, in comparison with cytological research has a greater, but insufficient accuracy for making a final clinical decision.","PeriodicalId":12937,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck tumors (HNT)","volume":"144 4","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138981417","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Clinical experience of combined organ-preserving treatment of laryngopharyngeal cancer with spread to the cervical esophagus","authors":"V. A. Rozhnov, P. I. Spirin, V. Polkin, I. Gulidov, A. V. Dem’yanovich, A. D. Kaprin, S. A. Ivanov","doi":"10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-3-82-88","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-3-82-88","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Laryngopharyngeal cancer accounts for about half of the total number of malignant neoplasms of ENT organs. Despite the availability of examination, in most patients tumors of this localization are detected at late stages, and the long-term results of treatment of locally advanced cancer of the larynx remain unsatisfactory.Clinical case. This article presents two clinical cases of combined organ-preserving treatment of laryngopharyngeal cancer with spread to the cervical esophagus. At the first stage, patients underwent organ-preserving surgical treatment with a reconstructive plastic component according to the methodology developed at the A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Center of Radiology. Then a postoperative course of chemoradiotherapy was carried out.Conclusion. The use of combined organ-preserving techniques using displaced skin-muscle flaps in the treatment of locally advanced laryngopharyngeal cancer involving the cervical esophagus allows in some cases to avoid crippling surgery, preserve the larynx and achieve satisfactory functional results, which significantly improves the quality of life of patients.","PeriodicalId":12937,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck tumors (HNT)","volume":"57 11","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138979178","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Stress protection method for surgical treatment of patients with head and neck cancer","authors":"D. N. Vasiliev, D. Kulbakin, E. Choynzonov, S. V. Avdeev, D. Y. Azovskaya, A. A. Lee, N. M. Khavkin","doi":"10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-3-24-31","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-3-24-31","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The surgical stage of treatment is the most important component of the combined method of treatment in cancer patients. However, it is associated with the development of a number of complications caused by stress. In this regard, the modern concept of an anesthesiological manual should also be aimed at protecting the body from surgical stress, which requires the search and development of new gentle methods of anesthesia.Aim. To provide an overview of modern stress protection methods in anesthesia and consider the role of dalargin with carbohydrate loading as a component of stress protection in oncological surgery.Materials and methods. Using the electronic resources of the PubMed and eLibrary search engines, a literary review of 147 scientific papers over the past 30 years has been conducted, which contain an evidence-based experimental and clinical base on the use of dalargin in medical practice.Results. A systematic review of stress protection methods in anesthesiology is presented. The role of dalargin in anesthesiological practice during surgical treatment in cancer patients, including when performing delayed reconstructions, is shown.Conclusion. The use of dalargin in combination with carbohydrate loading in cancer patients is justified and requires further detailed study. The ability to stimulate endogenous opioid receptors and modulate pain perception, its organoprotective and anti-inflammatory properties, as well as a favorable safety profile make dalargin a valuable addition to the tools for anesthesia in oncology.","PeriodicalId":12937,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck tumors (HNT)","volume":"67 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-12-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"138981729","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Myeloid sarcoma of the larynx as manifestation of the terminal stage of myeloproliferative disease","authors":"A. L. Kozhanov, L. Kozhanov, A. Kovrigina, N. S. Chernotalova","doi":"10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-110-115","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-110-115","url":null,"abstract":"A rare clinical observation of advanced myeloid sarcoma developed through blast transformation of post-polycythemia vera myelofibrosis as extramedullary manifestation of acute myeloid leukemia affecting larynx, laryngopharynx, trachea, soft tissues of the neck, pleura, and skeletal bones is presented.","PeriodicalId":12937,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck tumors (HNT)","volume":"84 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"81455257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Problems in preparation of legally binding documents for oncological and palliative patients and their solutions","authors":"P. Gabay, B. Kamolov","doi":"10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-75-80","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-75-80","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Oncological and palliative patients undergo treatment causing adverse events including mental and cognitive disorders leading to their inability to express their wishes in the legal sense. This affects the possibility of preparation of documents on disposal of property: wills, donation or sale and purchase agreements, letters of authorization.Aim. To consider problems arising when an oncological or palliative patient decides to dispose of their property and to suggest solutions to these problems.Materials and methods. An analysis of the current normative legal acts and legal precedents in the Russian Federation in the context of property disposal by severely ill patients was performed. Clinical guidelines on treatment of chronic pain in oncological and palliative patients, as well as Russian and international approaches to this therapy were considered.Results. Legal solutions for the considered problem appear to lack effectiveness. Use of tafalgin in treatment of severely ill patients can decrease risks and ease the process of preparation of documents on property disposal. This medication is indicated for chronic pain syndrome and unlike other pharmaceuticals is not an opioid analgesic and does not have severe side effects. Administration of tafalgin allows patients to retain mental clarity and avoid the risk of physical and psychological addiction.Conclusion. It is necessary to continue the search for new therapeutic approaches to chronic pain treatment taking into account needs and special aspects of oncological and palliative patients which would allow them to preserve full legal competency and dispose of their property without legal risks.","PeriodicalId":12937,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck tumors (HNT)","volume":"64 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"76977765","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The role of complete exomic sequencing in the administration of targeted drugs in patients with multiform glioblastoma","authors":"A. Kaminskiy, N. P. Zverev, A. A. Lyakhovets, D. Naskhletashvili, M. A. Gairyan, A. A. Isaev, D. Khmelkova, I. Plaksa","doi":"10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-51-58","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-51-58","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Glioblastoma is the most common primary malignant glial tumor of the brain in adult patients. Median overall survival for this pathology varies between 3 and 12 months, and only 5 % of patients live for more than 5 years. Current treatment methods allow to slightly increase lifespan of the patients with glioblastoma but not in all cases.Aim – to determine the utility of full exome sequencing of biopsy materials of patients with glioblastoma using expanded gene panel for prescription of new targeted therapy.Materials and methods. The study included 28 patients with glioblastoma multiforme. Foundation One CDx assay was performed using DNA extraction from a paraffin block and next-generation sequencing. In total, 4 classes of genomic changes in 324 genes, introns of 34 genes taking part in rearrangements, as well as microsatellite instability and tumor mutation load were evaluated. For every tumor profile, individual therapy options were identified in accordance with the current knowledge, references for the relevant scientific studies were included. From some patients, feedback was received allowing to evaluate the dynamics of their condition and changes in therapy after the performed study.Results. Genes in which mutations are the most common were identified: EGFR – in 11 patients, CDKN2A – in 13, TP53 – in 9, TERT (frequent mutations in TERT gene promoters с.-124C>T and c.-146C>T) – in 15, MTAP – in 10. Mean mutation level was 4.5 mutations/ MB and tumors did not have microsatellite instability. For 6 patients, appropriate targeted therapy was identified.Conclusion. Sequencing using an extended gene panel is justified and recommended for patients with glioblastoma multiforme for selection of new targeted therapy.","PeriodicalId":12937,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck tumors (HNT)","volume":"74 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80618539","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"The possibilities of ultrasound imaging in the diagnosis of follicular neoplasia of the thyroid gland","authors":"D. Dolidze, Z. A. Bagatelia, A. Lukin, S. D. Сovantsev, T. V. Shevyakova, N. V. Pichugina, D. Skripnichenko, K. Mulaeva","doi":"10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-81-90","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-81-90","url":null,"abstract":"Thyroid cancer is the most common cancer of the endocrine system. The diagnosis of thyroid cancer has taken a step forward due to the introduction of fine-needle biopsy of the thyroid gland with subsequent evaluation of cytological material using the Bethesda system. One category of this classification traditionally remains a gray area of diagnosis. The detection of a follicular tumor in the cytological material (category IV according to Bethesda) does not allow one to reliably classify the neoplasia as benign or malignant and requires surgical intervention. The traditional informative and widely used method for diagnosing thyroid tumors is ultrasound. However, the sensitivity and specificity of the method varies over a wide range. This review analyzes the literature on the possibilities of ultrasound diagnostics in assessing the malignant potential of follicular tumors of the thyroid gland.","PeriodicalId":12937,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck tumors (HNT)","volume":"46 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82221770","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Psychological assistance to patients with thyroid cancer","authors":"G. Tkachenko, T. Grushina, Y. Alymov, S. Podvyaznikov","doi":"10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-59-64","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-59-64","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Thyroid cancer has a favorable prognosis but in long term patients are observed to be in psychological distress manifesting through elevated anxiety and depression which disrupt social adaptation. Studies have shown that 2–4 years after diagnosis and treatment of this malignant tumor, the majority of patients report dissatisfaction with family relationships and difficulties in performing everyday activities. These data demonstrate the necessity of rehabilitation aimed at patient adaptation to everyday life after therapy completion. Psychological help is an important aspect of rehabilitation.Aim. To evaluate the effectiveness of psychological help in patients with thyroid cancer.Materials and methods. The study included 42 women with thyroid cancer, stages I–III, Т1–3N0–1М0. Mean patient age was 44.5 ± 1.1 years. The patients were randomly divided into 2 groups matched by age, disease stage and type of surgical intervention: treatment and control groups. The treatment group (n = 24) included patients who underwent psychological training in the postoperative period, the control group (n = 18) included patients who did not receive psychological help. Mental state was evaluated using the Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale (HADS). The patients’ mental state was evaluated dynamically: 1st testing was performed after surgery, 2nd testing 12 months after surgery. Psychological training was performed in the postoperative period and included 5 individual classes teaching self-regulation skills.Results. After the surgery, HADS scale showed insignificant increase in anxiety in both groups. Analysis of repeat testing showed decreased anxiety levels in patients in the treatment group from 7.7 ± 0.2 to 6.3 ± 0.2, i. e. to normal level. In the control group, anxiety significantly increased from 7.8 ± 0.2 to 9.2 ± 0.2 (Student’s t-test = 5.17; p = 0.000168). Additionally, 12 months after surgical treatment statistically significant differences in anxiety levels between groups were observed: 6.3 ± 0.2 and 9.0 ± 0.2, respectively (Student’s t-test = 9.55; р <0.05). Primary examination showed subthreshold depression in patients of both groups: 7.9 ± 0.1 and 8.1 ± 0.2, respectively. No statistically significant differences between the groups were observed (Student’s t-test = 0.89; р >0.05). Repeat examination showed decreased depression level (in treatment group from 7.9 ± 0.1 to 7.4 ± 0.2, in the control group from 8.1 ± 0.2 to 7.7 ± 0.1), however it remained in the range of mean values. No statistically significant differences between the groups were observed (Student’s t-test = 1.34; р >0.05).Conclusion. Psychological training using self-regulation techniques performed in the early postoperative period normalizes anxiety level and prevents its elevation in long term in patients with thyroid cancer.","PeriodicalId":12937,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck tumors (HNT)","volume":"85 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"85612810","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}

{"title":"Follow-up after radioiodine remnant ablation in differentiated thyroid cancer: the view of nuclear medicine physician","authors":"A. Shurinov, E. Borodavina","doi":"10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-91-101","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.17650/2222-1468-2023-13-1-91-101","url":null,"abstract":"Timeliness of accurate dynamic observation and a clear understanding of the treatment response guarantees health of patients with differentiated thyroid cancer. Multidimensional approach to evaluation of thyroid-stimulating hormone, tumor markers, ultrasound picture, as well as results of molecular imaging with radioactive iodine is clearly defined in international clinical guidelines. At the A.F. Tsyb Medical Radiological Research Center – branch of the National Medical Research Radiological Center for more than 15 years tactics of control exam 6 months after radioactive iodine ablation has been implemented. The aim of the current article is to consider the sequence of diagnostic search for different responses to treatment of differentiated thyroid cancer.","PeriodicalId":12937,"journal":{"name":"Head and neck tumors (HNT)","volume":"49 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73108048","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}