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The FinSim-2 2021 Shared Task: Learning Semantic Similarities for the Financial Domain FinSim-2 2021共享任务:学习金融领域的语义相似性
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1145/3442442.3451381
Youness Mansar, Juyeon Kang, Ismaïl El Maarouf
The FinSim-2 is a second edition of FinSim Shared Task on Learning Semantic Similarities for the Financial Domain, colocated with the FinWeb workshop. FinSim-2 proposed the challenge to automatically learn effective and precise semantic models for the financial domain. The second edition of the FinSim offered an enriched dataset in terms of volume and quality, and interested in systems which make creative use of relevant resources such as ontologies and lexica, as well as systems which make use of contextual word embeddings such as BERT[4]. Going beyond the mere representation of words is a key step to industrial applications that make use of Natural Language Processing (NLP). This is typically addressed using either unsupervised corpus-derived representations like word embeddings, which are typically opaque to human understanding but very useful in NLP applications or manually created resources such as taxonomies and ontologies, which typically have low coverage and contain inconsistencies, but provide a deeper understanding of the target domain. Finsim is inspired from previous endeavours in the Semeval community, which organized several competitions on semantic/lexical relation extraction between concepts/words. This year, 18 system runs were submitted by 7 teams and systems were ranked according to 2 metrics, Accuracy and Mean rank. All the systems beat our baseline 1 model by over 15 points and the best systems beat the baseline 2 by over 1 ∼ 3 points in accuracy.
FinSim-2是FinSim关于学习金融领域语义相似性的共享任务的第二版,与FinWeb研讨会同步进行。FinSim-2提出了自动学习金融领域有效而精确的语义模型的挑战。FinSim的第二版在数量和质量方面提供了丰富的数据集,并对创造性地使用相关资源(如本体和词典)的系统以及使用上下文词嵌入(如BERT)的系统感兴趣[4]。超越单纯的单词表示是利用自然语言处理(NLP)的工业应用的关键一步。这通常是使用无监督的语料库派生表示来解决的,比如词嵌入,它通常对人类的理解是不透明的,但在NLP应用程序中非常有用,或者手动创建的资源,比如分类法和本体,它们通常覆盖率低,包含不一致性,但提供了对目标领域的更深入的理解。Finsim的灵感来自Semeval社区之前的努力,Semeval社区组织了几次关于概念/单词之间语义/词汇关系提取的比赛。今年,有7个团队提交了18个系统运行,系统根据准确性和平均排名这两个指标进行排名。所有系统都比我们的基线1模型高出15分以上,最好的系统在精度上比基线2高出1 ~ 3分以上。
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引用次数: 19
ClaimLinker: Linking Text to a Knowledge Graph of Fact-checked Claims ClaimLinker:将文本链接到事实核查索赔的知识图谱
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1145/3442442.3458601
Evangelos Maliaroudakis, K. Boland, S. Dietze, Konstantin Todorov, Yannis Tzitzikas, P. Fafalios
We present ClaimLinker, a Web service and API that links arbitrary text to a knowledge graph of fact-checked claims, offering a novel kind of semantic annotation of unstructured content. Given a text, ClaimLinker matches parts of it to fact-checked claims mined from popular fact-checking sites and integrated into a rich knowledge graph, thus allowing the further exploration of the linked claims and their associations. The application is based on a scalable, fully unsupervised and modular approach that does not require training or tuning and which can serve high quality results at real time (outperforming existing unsupervised methods). This allows its easy deployment for different contexts and application scenarios.
我们提出了ClaimLinker,这是一个Web服务和API,可以将任意文本链接到经过事实核查的声明的知识图,为非结构化内容提供了一种新颖的语义注释。给定一个文本,ClaimLinker将其部分与从流行的事实核查网站中挖掘出来的事实核查声明相匹配,并将其集成到丰富的知识图谱中,从而允许进一步探索相关的声明及其关联。该应用程序基于可扩展的、完全无监督和模块化的方法,不需要培训或调整,可以实时提供高质量的结果(优于现有的无监督方法)。这使得它可以轻松地部署到不同的上下文和应用程序场景中。
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引用次数: 6
Carpooling Platforms in Smart Cities for COVID-19 Pandemic: A Bibliometric Analysis 应对COVID-19大流行的智慧城市拼车平台:文献计量学分析
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1145/3442442.3453471
Leonidas G. Anthopoulos, Dimitrios Tzimos
Formulation of carpooling schemes for mutual cost benefits between the driver and the passengers has a long history. However, the convenience of driving alone, especially under the current COVID-19 pandemic, the increase of car ownership and the difficulties in finding travelers with matching schedule and route keeps car occupancy low. The technology is a key enabler of online platforms which facilitate the ride matching process and lead the increase of carpooling services. The aim of this work-in-progress article is to clarify the value proposition of carpooling platforms in smart cities, especially under conditions like the pandemic. Thus, an extensive bibliometric analysis of three separate specialized literature collections using the bibliometrix R-Tool combined with a systematic literature review of selected papers is performed. It is identified that smart carpooling platforms could generate additional value for participants and smart cities with real-time ride matching, interconnection with public transportation and other city services, secure transactions, reputation-based services and closed organization carpooling schemes. To deliver this value to a smart city, a multi-sided platform business model is proposed, suitable for a carpooling service provider with multiple customer segments and partners.
为了司机和乘客之间的相互成本效益,拼车计划的制定有着悠久的历史。然而,独自驾驶的便利性,特别是在当前新冠肺炎疫情下,汽车保有量的增加以及寻找匹配时间表和路线的旅行者的困难使得汽车入住率很低。这项技术是在线平台的关键推动者,促进了乘车匹配过程,并导致拼车服务的增加。这篇正在进行中的文章的目的是澄清拼车平台在智慧城市中的价值主张,特别是在疫情这样的情况下。因此,使用bibliometrix R-Tool对三个独立的专业文献集进行广泛的文献计量学分析,并结合对选定论文的系统文献综述。研究发现,智能拼车平台可以通过实时拼车匹配、与公共交通和其他城市服务的互联、安全交易、基于声誉的服务和封闭组织拼车方案,为参与者和智慧城市创造额外价值。为了将这一价值传递给智慧城市,提出了一种多边平台的商业模式,适合于拥有多个细分客户和合作伙伴的拼车服务提供商。
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引用次数: 1
Making Sense of Subtitles: Sentence Boundary Detection and Speaker Change Detection in Unpunctuated Texts 字幕的意义:句子边界检测和无标点文本中的说话人变化检测
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1145/3442442.3451894
Udo Kruschwitz, Gregor Donabauer, D. Corney
The rise of deep learning methods has transformed the research area of natural language processing beyond recognition. New benchmark performances are reported on a daily basis ranging from machine translation to question-answering. Yet, some of the unsolved practical research questions are not in the spotlight and this includes, for example, issues arising at the interface between spoken and written language processing. We identify sentence boundary detection and speaker change detection applied to automatically transcribed texts as two NLP problems that have not yet received much attention but are nevertheless of practical relevance. We frame both problems as binary tagging tasks that can be addressed by fine-tuning a transformer model and we report promising results.
深度学习方法的兴起已经使自然语言处理的研究领域超越了识别。从机器翻译到问答,每天都会报告新的基准性能。然而,一些尚未解决的实际研究问题并没有受到关注,这包括,例如,在口头和书面语言处理之间的接口产生的问题。我们将句子边界检测和说话人变化检测作为两个应用于自动转录文本的NLP问题,这两个问题尚未受到太多关注,但仍具有实际意义。我们将这两个问题定义为二进制标记任务,可以通过微调转换器模型来解决,并报告了有希望的结果。
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引用次数: 6
Escape from An Echo Chamber 逃离回声室
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1145/3442442.3458613
Kuan-Chieh Lo, Shih-Chieh Dai, Aiping Xiong, Jing Jiang, Lun-Wei Ku
An echo chamber effect refers to the phenomena that online users revealed selective exposure and ideological segregation on political issues. Prior studies indicate the connection between the spread of misinformation and online echo chambers. In this paper, to help users escape from an echo chamber, we propose a novel news-analysis platform that provides a panoramic view of stances towards a particular event from different news media sources. Moreover, to help users better recognize the stances of news sources which published these news articles, we adopt a news stance classification model to categorize their stances into “agree”, “disagree”, “discuss”, or “unrelated” to a relevant claim for specified events with political stances. Finally, we proposed two ways showing the echo chamber effects: 1) visualizing the event and the associated pieces of news; and 2) visualizing the stance distribution of news from news sources of different political ideology. By making the echo chamber effect explicit, we expect online users will become exposed to more diverse perspectives toward a specific event. The demo video of our platform is available on youtube1.
回音室效应是指网民在政治问题上表现出选择性曝光和思想隔离的现象。先前的研究表明,错误信息的传播与网络回音室之间存在联系。在本文中,为了帮助用户逃离回音室,我们提出了一个新的新闻分析平台,该平台提供了不同新闻媒体来源对特定事件的立场的全景视图。此外,为了帮助用户更好地识别发布这些新闻文章的新闻来源的立场,我们采用了一个新闻立场分类模型,将他们的立场分为“同意”、“不同意”、“讨论”、“与政治立场特定事件的相关主张无关”。最后,我们提出了两种显示回声室效应的方法:1)将事件和相关新闻片段可视化;2)可视化不同政治意识形态新闻来源的新闻立场分布。通过明确回音室效应,我们预计在线用户将对特定事件有更多不同的看法。我们平台的演示视频可以在youtube1上找到。
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引用次数: 13
Wikidata Logical Rules and Where to Find Them 维基数据逻辑规则和在哪里找到它们
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1145/3442442.3452343
N. Ahmadi, Paolo Papotti
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引用次数: 1
Combining Explicit Entity Graph with Implicit Text Information for News Recommendation 结合显式实体图和隐式文本信息的新闻推荐
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1145/3442442.3452329
Xuanyu Zhang, Qing Yang, Dongliang Xu
News recommendation is very crucial for online news services to improve user experience and alleviate information overload. Precisely learning representations of news and users is the core problem in news recommendation. Existing models usually focus on implicit text information to learn corresponding representations, which may be insufficient for modeling user interests. Even if entity information is considered from external knowledge, it may still not be used explicitly and effectively for user modeling. In this paper, we propose a novel news recommendation approach, which combine explicit entity graph with implicit text information. The entity graph consists of two types of nodes and three kinds of edges, which represent chronological order, related and affiliation relationship. Then graph neural network is utilized for reasoning on these nodes. Extensive experiments on a real-world dataset, Microsoft News Dataset (MIND), validate the effectiveness of our proposed approach.
新闻推荐是网络新闻服务改善用户体验、缓解信息过载的关键。准确学习新闻和用户的表征是新闻推荐的核心问题。现有的模型通常侧重于隐式文本信息来学习相应的表示,这可能不足以对用户兴趣进行建模。即使从外部知识中考虑实体信息,也可能无法明确有效地将其用于用户建模。本文提出了一种将显式实体图与隐式文本信息相结合的新闻推荐方法。实体图由两类节点和三种边组成,它们分别表示时间顺序、关联关系和隶属关系。然后利用图神经网络对这些节点进行推理。在真实世界数据集微软新闻数据集(MIND)上进行的大量实验验证了我们提出的方法的有效性。
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引用次数: 15
Visualisation of Temporal Network Data via Time-Aware Static Representations with HOTVis 基于HOTVis的时间感知静态表示的时间网络数据可视化
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1145/3442442.3452053
Vincenzo Perri, Ingo Scholtes
The visual analysis of temporal network data is often hindered by the cognitively demanding nature of dynamic graphic visualizations. Addressing this issue, the graph visualization tool HOTVis generates time-aware static network visualizations that highlight the causal topology of temporal networks, i.e. which nodes can directly and indirectly influence each other, and are thus considerably easier to interpret than state-of-the-art dynamic graph visualizations.
动态图形可视化的认知要求往往阻碍了时间网络数据的可视化分析。为了解决这个问题,图形可视化工具HOTVis生成了时间感知的静态网络可视化,突出了时间网络的因果拓扑,即哪些节点可以直接或间接地相互影响,因此比最先进的动态图形可视化更容易解释。
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引用次数: 3
Summary of Tutorials at The Web Conference 2021 2021年Web会议的教程摘要
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1145/3442442.3453701
Robert West, Smriti Bhagat, Paul Groth, M. Zitnik, Francisco M. Couto, Pasquale Lisena, Albert Meroño-Peñuela, Xiangyu Zhao, Wenqi Fan, Dawei Yin, Jiliang Tang, Linjun Shou, Ming Gong, J. Pei, Xiubo Geng, Xingjie Zhou, Daxin Jiang, B. Ricaud, Nicolas Aspert, Volodymyr Miz, Jennifer G. Dy, Stratis Ioannidis, Ilkay Yildiz, R. Rezapour, Samin Aref, Ly Dinh, J. Diesner, Alexey Drutsa, Dmitry Ustalov, N. Popov, Daria Baidakova, Shubhanshu Mishra, Arjun Gopalan, Da-Cheng Juan, Cesar Ilharco Magalhaes, Chun-Sung Ferng, Allan Heydon, Chun-Ta Lu, Philip Pham, George Yu, Yicheng Fan, Yueqi Wang, Florian Laurent, Yanick Schraner, C. Scheller, S. Mohanty, Jiawei Chen, Xiang Wang, Fuli Feng, Xiangnan He, Irene Teinemaa, Javier Albert, Dmitri Goldenberg, Flavian Vasile, D. Rohde, Olivier Jeunen, Amine Benhalloum, Otmane Sakhi, Yu Rong, Wen-bing Huang, Tingyang Xu, Yatao Bian, Hongying Cheng, Fuchun Sun, Junzhou Huang, Shobeir Fakhraei, C. Faloutsos, Onur Çelebi, Martin Müller, Manuel Schneider, Olesia Altunina, Wolfram
This report summarizes the 23 tutorials hosted at The Web Conference 2021: nine lecture-style tutorials and 14 hands-on tutorials.
本报告总结了在the Web Conference 2021上举办的23个教程:9个讲座式教程和14个动手教程。
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引用次数: 3
Language, Vision and Action are Better Together 语言、视觉和行动在一起会更好
Pub Date : 2021-04-19 DOI: 10.1145/3442442.3451897
Jason Baldridge
Human knowledge and use of language is inextricably connected to perception, action and the organization of the brain, yet natural language processing is still dominated by text! More research involving language-including speech-in the context of other modalities and environments is needed, and there has never been a better time to do it. Without ever invoking the worn-out, overblown phrase ”how babies learn” in the talk, I’ll cover three of my team’s efforts involving language, vision and action. First: our work on speech-image representation learning and retrieval, where we demonstrate settings in which directly encoding speech outperforms the hard-to-beat strategy of using automatic speech recognition and strong text encoders. Second: two models for text-to-image generation: a multi-stage model which exploits user-guidance in the form of mouse traces and a single-stage one which uses cross-modal contrastive losses. Third: Room-across-Room, a multilingual dataset for vision-and-language navigation, for which we collected spoken navigation instructions, high-quality text transcriptions, and fine-grained alignments between words and pixels in high-definition 360-degree panoramas. I’ll wrap up with some thoughts on how work on computational language grounding more broadly presents new opportunities to enhance and advance our scientific understanding of language and its fundamental role in human intelligence.
人类的知识和语言的使用与感知、行动和大脑的组织有着千丝万缕的联系,然而自然语言处理仍然由文本主导!我们需要在其他模式和环境的背景下对语言(包括言语)进行更多的研究,而现在正是进行研究的最佳时机。我不会在演讲中引用“婴儿是如何学习的”这个老生常谈、夸大其词的短语,我将介绍我的团队在语言、视觉和行动方面的三个方面的努力。首先:我们在语音图像表示学习和检索方面的工作,其中我们展示了直接编码语音的设置优于使用自动语音识别和强文本编码器的难以击败的策略。第二:文本到图像生成的两个模型:利用鼠标轨迹形式的用户引导的多阶段模型和使用跨模态对比损失的单阶段模型。第三:room - cross- room,这是一个用于视觉和语言导航的多语言数据集,我们为此收集了语音导航说明,高质量的文本转录,以及高清360度全景图中单词和像素之间的细粒度对齐。最后,我将提出一些想法,说明计算语言基础的工作如何更广泛地为加强和推进我们对语言的科学理解及其在人类智能中的基本作用提供了新的机会。
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引用次数: 0
期刊
Companion Proceedings of the Web Conference 2021
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