Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88241
M. Abdelsattar, A. Hussein, M. Haridy, M. A. El-Ati, A. Saleem, N. Zhang
The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of betaine on the growth performance, blood parameters, and histopathology of growing lambs offered fresh or saline water. A total of 20 healthy Ossimi male lambs, aged 9 months, were randomly assigned to four treatments (n=5). Lambs received NaCI (0% or 1.5%) with drinking water and betaine (0 or 2500 mg/kg diet) with ration. The experiment lasted 135 days. Saline water significantly decreased (p<0.01) lamb body weight, blood urea, sodium and alanine amino transferase. Betaine significantly increased (p<0.05) lamb body weight, Hb concentration, RBCs count and hematocrit value. However, betaine decreased (p<0.05) blood neutrophils, band cells and eosinophils, urea, and both alanine and aspartate amino transferases. Saline water induced swelling and disarrangement of hepatocytes, focal medullary tubular necrosis and calcium calculi in renal tissue, and fasciculation and focal lysis of cardiac muscle fibers. In contrast, betaine ameliorated these harmful effects of saline water. In conclusion, dietary betaine could enhance the growth performance and ameliorate the harmful effects of drinking saline water for sheep.
{"title":"Betaine counteracts the harmful effects of saline water induced to growing lambs.","authors":"M. Abdelsattar, A. Hussein, M. Haridy, M. A. El-Ati, A. Saleem, N. Zhang","doi":"10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88241","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88241","url":null,"abstract":"The current study aimed to evaluate the effects of betaine on the growth performance, blood parameters, and histopathology of growing lambs offered fresh or saline water. A total of 20 healthy Ossimi male lambs, aged 9 months, were randomly assigned to four treatments (n=5). Lambs received NaCI (0% or 1.5%) with drinking water and betaine (0 or 2500 mg/kg diet) with ration. The experiment lasted 135 days. Saline water significantly decreased (p<0.01) lamb body weight, blood urea, sodium and alanine amino transferase. Betaine significantly increased (p<0.05) lamb body weight, Hb concentration, RBCs count and hematocrit value. However, betaine decreased (p<0.05) blood neutrophils, band cells and eosinophils, urea, and both alanine and aspartate amino transferases. Saline water induced swelling and disarrangement of hepatocytes, focal medullary tubular necrosis and calcium calculi in renal tissue, and fasciculation and focal lysis of cardiac muscle fibers. In contrast, betaine ameliorated these harmful effects of saline water. In conclusion, dietary betaine could enhance the growth performance and ameliorate the harmful effects of drinking saline water for sheep.","PeriodicalId":129688,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goat Sciences","volume":"6 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124039448","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88242
M. Mohamed, A. El-Hafeez, E. Ibrahim, A. Mola
This investigation is an endeavor to prevent or limit the negative effects resulted of ingesting diets contaminated with a combination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA). This experiment aimed to evaluate the efficacy of supplementing diets with organic, inorganic and/or mixed toxin binders, throughout a feeding and digestibility trials, to relieve mycotoxins' negative effect towards maintaining the productive and reproductive performance of Ossimi ewes and their offspring. One hundred Ossimi ewes averaged 38.97 ± 0.55 kg body weight and aged 3 to 4 years were chosen, 30 days before the expected lambing date and divided randomly into five equal groups (20 each). The first group received an uncontaminated diet and served as a negative control (NC). The second group fed a diet contaminated with AFB1 mixed with OTA and served as a positive control (PC), while the third group fed contaminated diets and supplemented with organic toxin binder (OB). The fourth group fed contaminated diet supplemented with inorganic toxin binder (IOB) and the fifth group fed contaminated diet and supplemented with a mixture of OB and IOB (OB+IOB).The results showed that PC group had decrease in levels of digestibility coefficients, feeding values, milk production, feed intake, serum total protein, albumin, glucose and cholesterol while had increase of ALT, AST and urea concentrations. The decrease of ewes’ body weight was associated with increased age at 1st estrous post-lambing versus decreasing the fertility parameters of the PC group. Besides, there was a decrease in thyroid hormones and antioxidant activities versus the increase in malondialdehyde concentrations. In the same group, changes in ewes’ body weight decreased, while the feed conversion ratio increased with the PC group compared to the NC control group. Whereas, all treatments tested in the current study could reverse the mycotoxin-induced effects significantly and restore the normal levels of animals. In conclusion, IOB alone, or the mixture of OB+IOB, can be added to ewes’ diets for the relief of symptoms induced by mycotoxin.
{"title":"Ameliorating effects of organic and inorganic mycotoxin binders on the performance of Ossimi sheep.","authors":"M. Mohamed, A. El-Hafeez, E. Ibrahim, A. Mola","doi":"10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88242","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88242","url":null,"abstract":"This investigation is an endeavor to prevent or limit the negative effects resulted of ingesting diets contaminated with a combination of aflatoxin B1 (AFB1) and ochratoxin A (OTA). This experiment aimed to evaluate the efficacy of supplementing diets with organic, inorganic and/or mixed toxin binders, throughout a feeding and digestibility trials, to relieve mycotoxins' negative effect towards maintaining the productive and reproductive performance of Ossimi ewes and their offspring. One hundred Ossimi ewes averaged 38.97 ± 0.55 kg body weight and aged 3 to 4 years were chosen, 30 days before the expected lambing date and divided randomly into five equal groups (20 each). The first group received an uncontaminated diet and served as a negative control (NC). The second group fed a diet contaminated with AFB1 mixed with OTA and served as a positive control (PC), while the third group fed contaminated diets and supplemented with organic toxin binder (OB). The fourth group fed contaminated diet supplemented with inorganic toxin binder (IOB) and the fifth group fed contaminated diet and supplemented with a mixture of OB and IOB (OB+IOB).The results showed that PC group had decrease in levels of digestibility coefficients, feeding values, milk production, feed intake, serum total protein, albumin, glucose and cholesterol while had increase of ALT, AST and urea concentrations. The decrease of ewes’ body weight was associated with increased age at 1st estrous post-lambing versus decreasing the fertility parameters of the PC group. Besides, there was a decrease in thyroid hormones and antioxidant activities versus the increase in malondialdehyde concentrations. In the same group, changes in ewes’ body weight decreased, while the feed conversion ratio increased with the PC group compared to the NC control group. Whereas, all treatments tested in the current study could reverse the mycotoxin-induced effects significantly and restore the normal levels of animals. In conclusion, IOB alone, or the mixture of OB+IOB, can be added to ewes’ diets for the relief of symptoms induced by mycotoxin.","PeriodicalId":129688,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goat Sciences","volume":"62 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"126799938","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88244
M. Abd-Allah, M. Daghash
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary betaine supplementation on growth characteristics and some blood constituents of Ossimi rams. A total of 18 Ossimi rams were randomly divided into three equal groups, considering their body weight. Animals of the first group (Co) served as control, while animals of the second (BET1) and third (BET2) groups offered 2 and 4 g of betaine/head/day, respectively. At the last day of the experiment, blood samples were taken to estimate some blood metabolites. Three digestibility experiments were carried out to determine nutrients digestibility and nutritive values of the rations. Body weight was recorded while average daily gain, feed conversion and feed economic efficiency were calculated. The results show that betaine supplementation to rams either with 2 or 4 g/head/day increased (P≤0.05) plasma total protein, plasma globulin, plasma glucose and triiodothyronine hormone (T3), while it significantly (P≤0.05) decreased A/G ratio and plasma total cholesterol. Concentrations of plasma albumin and plasma urea N did not differ significantly due to betaine supplementation. Digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, CP, EE and CF were significantly (P≤0.05) increased for BET2 group than for BET1 and Co groups. However, NFE digestibility was not influenced by betaine. The TDN value was increased (P≤0.05) for BET2 diet compared with other treated diets. While, the nutritive values as DCP did not significantly differ among treatments. Animals in BET1 and BET2 consumed more (P≤0.05) metabolizable energy (ME, Mcal/kg) compared with the control group. Live body weight did not differ (P>0.05) among groups while average daily gain and total weight gain were improved (P≤0.05) in treated groups. Feeding Ossimi rams on BET1 increased significantly (P≤0.05) daily dry mater intake (DMI), and total digestible nutrient intake (TDNI) when compared with BET2 and Co groups, while treated groups consumed (P≤0.05) metabolizable energy (ME) more than the control group. Daily digestible crude protein intake (DCPI) did not significantly differ among treatments. In conclusion, dietary betaine supplementation to Ossimi rams could modify some metabolic processes, and enhance feed consumption and energy mobilization which could be reflected on improving the productive performance.
本研究旨在评价饲粮中添加甜菜碱对羊生长特性及部分血液成分的影响。18只奥西米公羊根据体重随机分为3组。第一组(Co)作为对照，第二组(BET1)和第三组(BET2)分别给予甜菜碱2和4 g /头/天。在实验的最后一天，采集血液样本来估计一些血液代谢物。通过3个消化率试验，测定饲粮的营养物质消化率和营养价值。记录体重，计算平均日增重、饲料系数和饲料经济效益。结果表明，饲粮中添加2或4 g/头/d甜菜碱可显著(P≤0.05)降低A/ g比和血浆总胆固醇，提高血浆总蛋白、血浆球蛋白、血浆葡萄糖和三碘甲状腺原氨酸激素(T3)水平(P≤0.05)。补充甜菜碱对血浆白蛋白和尿素N浓度无显著影响。BET2组DM、OM、CP、EE和CF的消化系数显著(P≤0.05)高于BET1和Co组。甜菜碱对NFE消化率无明显影响。与其他饲粮相比，BET2饲粮的TDN值显著升高(P≤0.05)。而各处理间作为DCP的营养价值无显著差异。与对照组相比，BET1和BET2组动物消耗的代谢能(ME, Mcal/kg)增加(P≤0.05)。各组间活重差异不显著(P>0.05)，平均日增重和总增重显著提高(P≤0.05)。饲喂BET1组的奥西米公羊日干物质采食量(DMI)和总可消化营养物质采食量(TDNI)显著高于BET2和Co组(P≤0.05)，代谢能(ME)消耗显著高于对照组(P≤0.05)。日可消化粗蛋白质摄入量(DCPI)各组间差异不显著。综上所述，饲粮中添加甜菜碱可以改变黑羊的某些代谢过程，提高饲料消耗和能量动员，从而提高生产性能。
{"title":"The influence of dietary betaine supplementation to Ossimi rams on: (A) Growth performance, digestibility coefficients, some blood parameters and activity of thyroid gland","authors":"M. Abd-Allah, M. Daghash","doi":"10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88244","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88244","url":null,"abstract":"The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of dietary betaine supplementation on growth characteristics and some blood constituents of Ossimi rams. A total of 18 Ossimi rams were randomly divided into three equal groups, considering their body weight. Animals of the first group (Co) served as control, while animals of the second (BET1) and third (BET2) groups offered 2 and 4 g of betaine/head/day, respectively. At the last day of the experiment, blood samples were taken to estimate some blood metabolites. Three digestibility experiments were carried out to determine nutrients digestibility and nutritive values of the rations. Body weight was recorded while average daily gain, feed conversion and feed economic efficiency were calculated. The results show that betaine supplementation to rams either with 2 or 4 g/head/day increased (P≤0.05) plasma total protein, plasma globulin, plasma glucose and triiodothyronine hormone (T3), while it significantly (P≤0.05) decreased A/G ratio and plasma total cholesterol. Concentrations of plasma albumin and plasma urea N did not differ significantly due to betaine supplementation. Digestibility coefficients of DM, OM, CP, EE and CF were significantly (P≤0.05) increased for BET2 group than for BET1 and Co groups. However, NFE digestibility was not influenced by betaine. The TDN value was increased (P≤0.05) for BET2 diet compared with other treated diets. While, the nutritive values as DCP did not significantly differ among treatments. Animals in BET1 and BET2 consumed more (P≤0.05) metabolizable energy (ME, Mcal/kg) compared with the control group. Live body weight did not differ (P>0.05) among groups while average daily gain and total weight gain were improved (P≤0.05) in treated groups. Feeding Ossimi rams on BET1 increased significantly (P≤0.05) daily dry mater intake (DMI), and total digestible nutrient intake (TDNI) when compared with BET2 and Co groups, while treated groups consumed (P≤0.05) metabolizable energy (ME) more than the control group. Daily digestible crude protein intake (DCPI) did not significantly differ among treatments. In conclusion, dietary betaine supplementation to Ossimi rams could modify some metabolic processes, and enhance feed consumption and energy mobilization which could be reflected on improving the productive performance.","PeriodicalId":129688,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goat Sciences","volume":"15 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"127478580","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-12-01DOI: 10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88243
M. Abd-Allah, M. W. H. Daghas
To determine effect of the administration of exogenous melatonin and photoperiod on initiating the lambing season and improving reproductive efficiency of sheep, a total of thirty-four multiparous, non-pregnant Ossimi ewes aged 3-5 years with average body weight 55.94±1.80 kg were used. After weaning and the starting of the breeding season, the ewes were divided into four groups; the 1st group (7 ewes) was exposed to natural daylight (NL) and severed as a control group, the 2nd group (9 ewes) was exposed to 16-hour artificial lighting (AL), the 3rd group (10 ewes) was exposed to natural daylight+18-mg/h melatonin (NL+MEL), while the 4th group (8 ewes) was exposed to 16-hour artificial lighting+18-mg/h melatonin (AL+MEL). The treatment of the ewes continued throughout the mating season and for three consecutive estrus cycles (60 days). Ewes were weighed before mating and after parturition. Reproductive traits were recorded after parturition. Results revealed that exogenous melatonin (induced by either natural daylight or artificial photoperiod) exhibited significantly (P≤0.05) higher body weights (6.20±1.711 and 4.14±1.91kg for NL+MAL and AL+MEL groups more than the control group). Both of the melatonin treatment and the use of artificial light for 16 h insignificantly influenced reproductive parameters (percentages of fertility, conception rate, scanning, lambing rate, and fecundity rate of Ossimi ewes. Fertility and conception rates tended to be higher in (NL+MEL) and (AL+MEL) groups, while SP percentage, lambing and fecundity rates were higher in treated groups than control. The percentage of the number of services per conception (NSC) and abortion rate were insignificantly reduced in treated ewes as compared with the control. Both weaning rate and the survival rate was elevated (P≥0.05) in treated ewes than untreated ones. Lambing interval and days open were significantly lower (P≤0.05) in AL+MEL group than AL and NL+MEL groups. The lambs’ weight at birth, weaning, net gain, and average daily gain tended to be higher in (NL+MET) and (AL+MEL) groups than other groups with insignificant differences. It can be concluded that, stimulation of melatonin (induced by natural daylight and artificial photoperiod manipulation) might be a useful tool in improving reproductive performance and lamb production in Ossimi sheep.
{"title":"the role of exogenous melatonin and photoperiod on productive and reproductive performance of Ossimi sheep.","authors":"M. Abd-Allah, M. W. H. Daghas","doi":"10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88243","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSGS.2019.88243","url":null,"abstract":"To determine effect of the administration of exogenous melatonin and photoperiod on initiating the lambing season and improving reproductive efficiency of sheep, a total of thirty-four multiparous, non-pregnant Ossimi ewes aged 3-5 years with average body weight 55.94±1.80 kg were used. After weaning and the starting of the breeding season, the ewes were divided into four groups; the 1st group (7 ewes) was exposed to natural daylight (NL) and severed as a control group, the 2nd group (9 ewes) was exposed to 16-hour artificial lighting (AL), the 3rd group (10 ewes) was exposed to natural daylight+18-mg/h melatonin (NL+MEL), while the 4th group (8 ewes) was exposed to 16-hour artificial lighting+18-mg/h melatonin (AL+MEL). The treatment of the ewes continued throughout the mating season and for three consecutive estrus cycles (60 days). Ewes were weighed before mating and after parturition. Reproductive traits were recorded after parturition. Results revealed that exogenous melatonin (induced by either natural daylight or artificial photoperiod) exhibited significantly (P≤0.05) higher body weights (6.20±1.711 and 4.14±1.91kg for NL+MAL and AL+MEL groups more than the control group). Both of the melatonin treatment and the use of artificial light for 16 h insignificantly influenced reproductive parameters (percentages of fertility, conception rate, scanning, lambing rate, and fecundity rate of Ossimi ewes. Fertility and conception rates tended to be higher in (NL+MEL) and (AL+MEL) groups, while SP percentage, lambing and fecundity rates were higher in treated groups than control. The percentage of the number of services per conception (NSC) and abortion rate were insignificantly reduced in treated ewes as compared with the control. Both weaning rate and the survival rate was elevated (P≥0.05) in treated ewes than untreated ones. Lambing interval and days open were significantly lower (P≤0.05) in AL+MEL group than AL and NL+MEL groups. The lambs’ weight at birth, weaning, net gain, and average daily gain tended to be higher in (NL+MET) and (AL+MEL) groups than other groups with insignificant differences. It can be concluded that, stimulation of melatonin (induced by natural daylight and artificial photoperiod manipulation) might be a useful tool in improving reproductive performance and lamb production in Ossimi sheep.","PeriodicalId":129688,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goat Sciences","volume":"25 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-12-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"117154986","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-08-01DOI: 10.21608/EJSGS.2019.56661
M. Mohamed, A. El-Hafeez, A. Shaarawy
Semen storage changes sperm synthesis and biochemical characteristics and hence hinders ferti-lizing ability. Mixture of two various sugar molecules appeared an improved positive impact on stored spermatozoa of different species. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of fructose, sucrose and raffinose supplementation to Tris-glucose-egg yolk extender (TGY) beside comparing their effect with the effect of commercial Triladyl® extender on bull’ and ram’ semen stored at 5 °C for 96 hours. The semen samples were pooled, extended and divided into five portions. TGY or Triladyl® extenders were diluted at rate 1 part of raw semen: 5 parts of the extender. The TGY diluent was split into four diluent parts in sterilized test tubes. TGY and Triladyl® extenders contained one type of sugar, while the other three extended semen samples contained two types of sugar including TGY plus 0.990 g fructose (TGYF), 0.700 g sucrose (TGYS) and 0.700 g raffinose (TGYR) /100ml extender. The ex-tended semen was stored at 5°C for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The obtained data show that spermato-zoa parameters significantly (P < 0.01) decreased with increasing preservation period of all diluent samples. Meantime, supplementation with fructose, sucrose or raffinose with TGY extended samples improved significantly (P < 0.01) sperm properties (motility, livability with acrosomal status and normality, enzymatic actions of AST, ALT, LDH, and ALP, and sperm penetration ability for both bull and ram diluted semen. Concerning the sperm characteristics of the commercial Triladyl® extend-er, it was better than those of TGY without any supplementation for both bull and ram diluted semen.In conclusion, the obtained results suggest that obtaining a reasonable and advantageous impact for the preservation of bull and ram spermatozoa could be acquired by using diluents containing a sugar blend. However, as these results depend on in vitro assessments, there is a need for further fertil-ity trials to confirm it.
{"title":"Influence of adding different energy sources to the bull and ram spermatozoa exposed to different refrigerating times","authors":"M. Mohamed, A. El-Hafeez, A. Shaarawy","doi":"10.21608/EJSGS.2019.56661","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSGS.2019.56661","url":null,"abstract":"Semen storage changes sperm synthesis and biochemical characteristics and hence hinders ferti-lizing ability. Mixture of two various sugar molecules appeared an improved positive impact on stored spermatozoa of different species. The current study aimed to investigate the effect of fructose, sucrose and raffinose supplementation to Tris-glucose-egg yolk extender (TGY) beside comparing their effect with the effect of commercial Triladyl® extender on bull’ and ram’ semen stored at 5 °C for 96 hours. The semen samples were pooled, extended and divided into five portions. TGY or Triladyl® extenders were diluted at rate 1 part of raw semen: 5 parts of the extender. The TGY diluent was split into four diluent parts in sterilized test tubes. TGY and Triladyl® extenders contained one type of sugar, while the other three extended semen samples contained two types of sugar including TGY plus 0.990 g fructose (TGYF), 0.700 g sucrose (TGYS) and 0.700 g raffinose (TGYR) /100ml extender. The ex-tended semen was stored at 5°C for 0, 24, 48, 72 and 96 hours. The obtained data show that spermato-zoa parameters significantly (P < 0.01) decreased with increasing preservation period of all diluent samples. Meantime, supplementation with fructose, sucrose or raffinose with TGY extended samples improved significantly (P < 0.01) sperm properties (motility, livability with acrosomal status and normality, enzymatic actions of AST, ALT, LDH, and ALP, and sperm penetration ability for both bull and ram diluted semen. Concerning the sperm characteristics of the commercial Triladyl® extend-er, it was better than those of TGY without any supplementation for both bull and ram diluted semen.In conclusion, the obtained results suggest that obtaining a reasonable and advantageous impact for the preservation of bull and ram spermatozoa could be acquired by using diluents containing a sugar blend. However, as these results depend on in vitro assessments, there is a need for further fertil-ity trials to confirm it.","PeriodicalId":129688,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goat Sciences","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-08-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"115353597","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/EJSGS.2019.33232
M. Sayed-Ahmed, A. Shaarawy
SummaryA five-months experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of partial replacement of rice straw in the ration of goat kids by Moringa oleifera (MO) forage on feed intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, some blood parameters and productive performance of growing goat kids. Twenty-one growing Baladi goat kids averaged six months age and 11.20 kg live body weight (LBW) were divided into three similar groups and randomly assigned to the following dietary treatments; control group (R1) which fed 60% CFM + 40% RS, while group (R2) fed 60% CFM + 20% RS + 20% MO and R3 fed 50% CFM + 25% RS + 25% MO. The daily feed allowance of goat kids was calculated according to NRC (2007) and adjusted biweekly. The experimental rations offered twice a day at 8 am and 2 pm in equal portions up to the end of the experimental period. Body weight, feed intake and feed conversion were determined over the whole trial. At the end of the feeding trial, three digestibility trials were conducted on twelve goat kids. Results indicated that the digestibility of most nutrients of the two tested rations were significantly higher than those of control one. The highest values were recorded with 20% MO-ration (R2). The feeding values as TDN and DCP followed a similar trend to those of nutrients digestibility among dietary treatments. Growth performance in respect of final weight, total weight gain, daily gain and feed conversion efficiency were significantly superior with kids fed R2 and R3 rations compared with control ration (R1). The best values occurred with R2. Also, kids fed 20 or 25% MO-rations had significantly higher return and economic efficiency than those fed control ration (R1). Rumen function parameters and blood metabolites profile have been also investigated throughout this study.Accordingly, we could recommend for feeding the growing goat kids, supplementing ration with Moringa oleifera forage especially those containing poor quality roughage like rice straw, since it improve daily gain, digestibility. feed efficiency, and economic efficiency. The recommended replacement rate with Moringa is for 20 or 25% of rice straw.
{"title":"Effect of feeding Moringa oleifera forage on productive performance of growing goat kids.","authors":"M. Sayed-Ahmed, A. Shaarawy","doi":"10.21608/EJSGS.2019.33232","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSGS.2019.33232","url":null,"abstract":"SummaryA five-months experiment was carried out to investigate the effect of partial replacement of rice straw in the ration of goat kids by Moringa oleifera (MO) forage on feed intake, digestibility, rumen fermentation, some blood parameters and productive performance of growing goat kids. Twenty-one growing Baladi goat kids averaged six months age and 11.20 kg live body weight (LBW) were divided into three similar groups and randomly assigned to the following dietary treatments; control group (R1) which fed 60% CFM + 40% RS, while group (R2) fed 60% CFM + 20% RS + 20% MO and R3 fed 50% CFM + 25% RS + 25% MO. The daily feed allowance of goat kids was calculated according to NRC (2007) and adjusted biweekly. The experimental rations offered twice a day at 8 am and 2 pm in equal portions up to the end of the experimental period. Body weight, feed intake and feed conversion were determined over the whole trial. At the end of the feeding trial, three digestibility trials were conducted on twelve goat kids. Results indicated that the digestibility of most nutrients of the two tested rations were significantly higher than those of control one. The highest values were recorded with 20% MO-ration (R2). The feeding values as TDN and DCP followed a similar trend to those of nutrients digestibility among dietary treatments. Growth performance in respect of final weight, total weight gain, daily gain and feed conversion efficiency were significantly superior with kids fed R2 and R3 rations compared with control ration (R1). The best values occurred with R2. Also, kids fed 20 or 25% MO-rations had significantly higher return and economic efficiency than those fed control ration (R1). Rumen function parameters and blood metabolites profile have been also investigated throughout this study.Accordingly, we could recommend for feeding the growing goat kids, supplementing ration with Moringa oleifera forage especially those containing poor quality roughage like rice straw, since it improve daily gain, digestibility. feed efficiency, and economic efficiency. The recommended replacement rate with Moringa is for 20 or 25% of rice straw.","PeriodicalId":129688,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goat Sciences","volume":"5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"134131251","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/EJSGS.2019.32553
H. Utami, M. Dian
ABSTRACTGoat production is an integral part of farming systems in Indonesia and can play an important role in improving livelihood and food security in rural households. This study aimed to assess the economic performance of goat production in Malang regency, East Java Province of Indonesia. Data were collected from a total of 42 farmers using a survey based on structured questionnaire. Indicators for the economic performance of goat production were profit (P), breakeven point (BEP), margin of safety (MOS) and revenue -cost ratio ((R/C ratio). Farmers were classified into three strata, stratum-1 (0.6-1.0 AU, n=15), stratum-2 (1.1-1.5 AU, n=14), and stratum-3 (1.6 -2.1 AU, n=13). Data included primary information (i.e. production cost, revenue) that obtained by survey method using structured questionnaire, whereas the related institution has supplied secondary data. Descriptive technique with applying economic formulation namely, profit, BEP, MOS and R/C ratio were employed to analyze the data. Results show that feed (concentrate and forage) cost shared the highest costs (expenses ranged from 59.36% to 71.15 %.) of the total production costs. Total variable costs per animal unit were lowest (69.57%) in stratum-1 than those in stratum-3 (80.51%) and stratum-2 (80.79%). Stratum-1 therefore, consider as the best BEP of IDR 346, 694/AU during one month period. The monthly revenue per Animal Unit of stratum-2 (IDR 1,038,945) was slightly different compared to sratum-3 (IDR 978,884), with the lowest one (IDR 824,765) come from stratum-1. Hence, stratum-3 ECB for goat enterprise represented as the best feasible farming with monthly profit of IDR 613,768/AU. Likewise, this farming also executed an efficient enterprise on the basis of 62.64% of MOS and 2.68 of R/C ratio. Overall, high feed cost was the major problem that affected goat economic production. Therefore, improvement of feed use efficiency is recommended.
{"title":"Economic performance on small holder Ettawah cross breed goat farming at Malang Indonesia.","authors":"H. Utami, M. Dian","doi":"10.21608/EJSGS.2019.32553","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSGS.2019.32553","url":null,"abstract":"ABSTRACTGoat production is an integral part of farming systems in Indonesia and can play an important role in improving livelihood and food security in rural households. This study aimed to assess the economic performance of goat production in Malang regency, East Java Province of Indonesia. Data were collected from a total of 42 farmers using a survey based on structured questionnaire. Indicators for the economic performance of goat production were profit (P), breakeven point (BEP), margin of safety (MOS) and revenue -cost ratio ((R/C ratio). Farmers were classified into three strata, stratum-1 (0.6-1.0 AU, n=15), stratum-2 (1.1-1.5 AU, n=14), and stratum-3 (1.6 -2.1 AU, n=13). Data included primary information (i.e. production cost, revenue) that obtained by survey method using structured questionnaire, whereas the related institution has supplied secondary data. Descriptive technique with applying economic formulation namely, profit, BEP, MOS and R/C ratio were employed to analyze the data. Results show that feed (concentrate and forage) cost shared the highest costs (expenses ranged from 59.36% to 71.15 %.) of the total production costs. Total variable costs per animal unit were lowest (69.57%) in stratum-1 than those in stratum-3 (80.51%) and stratum-2 (80.79%). Stratum-1 therefore, consider as the best BEP of IDR 346, 694/AU during one month period. The monthly revenue per Animal Unit of stratum-2 (IDR 1,038,945) was slightly different compared to sratum-3 (IDR 978,884), with the lowest one (IDR 824,765) come from stratum-1. Hence, stratum-3 ECB for goat enterprise represented as the best feasible farming with monthly profit of IDR 613,768/AU. Likewise, this farming also executed an efficient enterprise on the basis of 62.64% of MOS and 2.68 of R/C ratio. Overall, high feed cost was the major problem that affected goat economic production. Therefore, improvement of feed use efficiency is recommended.","PeriodicalId":129688,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goat Sciences","volume":"89 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124543629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/EJSGS.2019.32578
A. Elshazly, C. Youngs
SUMMARYSheep are a valuable livestock species because of their ability to convert forages, as well as feedstuffs not suitable for human consumption, into meat and milk that are important sources of human dietary protein. Sheep are the most abundant ruminant livestock species in Egypt, and great opportunity exists to enhance their productivity though implementation of a genetic improvement program utilizing the advanced reproductive technologies of artificial insemination and embryo transfer. These two reproductive technologies permit the production of more offspring from genetically superior animals in a shorter amount of time than would be possible through conventional breeding. It will be important to match the appropriate breeds of sheep with the proper nutritional and production environments that will enable animals to express their full genetic potential for enhanced production of meat, milk and fiber.
{"title":"Feasibility of utilizing advanced reproductive technologies for sheep breeding in Egypt. Part 1. Genetic and nutritional resources","authors":"A. Elshazly, C. Youngs","doi":"10.21608/EJSGS.2019.32578","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSGS.2019.32578","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYSheep are a valuable livestock species because of their ability to convert forages, as well as feedstuffs not suitable for human consumption, into meat and milk that are important sources of human dietary protein. Sheep are the most abundant ruminant livestock species in Egypt, and great opportunity exists to enhance their productivity though implementation of a genetic improvement program utilizing the advanced reproductive technologies of artificial insemination and embryo transfer. These two reproductive technologies permit the production of more offspring from genetically superior animals in a shorter amount of time than would be possible through conventional breeding. It will be important to match the appropriate breeds of sheep with the proper nutritional and production environments that will enable animals to express their full genetic potential for enhanced production of meat, milk and fiber.","PeriodicalId":129688,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goat Sciences","volume":"137 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122353592","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2019-04-01DOI: 10.21608/EJSGS.2019.32579
R. Elsaid, A. Elnahas
SUMMARYThe current study was conducted to evaluate 383 Sohagi sheep in Sohag governorate, Egypt using a multivariate approach. Data were divided into two age groups of 294 young animals less than 10 months old (147 for each sex) and 89 adults animals from 10 months old and above (9 males and 80 females). Body weight (BW) and four body measurements (heart girth (HG), height at withers (HW), height at rump (HR) and body length (BL)) were measured through the period 2017 and 2018. In young and adult sheep, two factors (principal components) were extracted and accounted for 89.2% and 57.8% of the total variance, respectively. The first factor explained 46.4% and 30.6% of the total variance and the higher positive loading was observed for HW, RH and BL in young sheep whereas the higher positive loading was for HW and RH in adult sheep. The second factor accounted for 42.8% and 27.2% of the total variance and the higher positive loading was obtained for BW and HG in young sheep while was influenced by BW, HG and BL in adult sheep. The use of principal components was more proper than the use of original associated traits to explain body measurements in this study. Thus, extracted factors could be useful in breeding programs with enough decrease in the number of measurements traits to be registered to interpret the body conformation. Also, these principal components could be used as factor scores to predict body weight of Sohagi sheep.
{"title":"Principal components analysis of body measurements of Sohagi sheep in Upper Egypt","authors":"R. Elsaid, A. Elnahas","doi":"10.21608/EJSGS.2019.32579","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.21608/EJSGS.2019.32579","url":null,"abstract":"SUMMARYThe current study was conducted to evaluate 383 Sohagi sheep in Sohag governorate, Egypt using a multivariate approach. Data were divided into two age groups of 294 young animals less than 10 months old (147 for each sex) and 89 adults animals from 10 months old and above (9 males and 80 females). Body weight (BW) and four body measurements (heart girth (HG), height at withers (HW), height at rump (HR) and body length (BL)) were measured through the period 2017 and 2018. In young and adult sheep, two factors (principal components) were extracted and accounted for 89.2% and 57.8% of the total variance, respectively. The first factor explained 46.4% and 30.6% of the total variance and the higher positive loading was observed for HW, RH and BL in young sheep whereas the higher positive loading was for HW and RH in adult sheep. The second factor accounted for 42.8% and 27.2% of the total variance and the higher positive loading was obtained for BW and HG in young sheep while was influenced by BW, HG and BL in adult sheep. The use of principal components was more proper than the use of original associated traits to explain body measurements in this study. Thus, extracted factors could be useful in breeding programs with enough decrease in the number of measurements traits to be registered to interpret the body conformation. Also, these principal components could be used as factor scores to predict body weight of Sohagi sheep.","PeriodicalId":129688,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goat Sciences","volume":"671 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2019-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132368176","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
{"title":"Effect of Processing Orange Pulp with Saccharomyces Cerevisiae Yeast on Growth Performance, Nutrients Digestibility and Blood Parameters of Barki Lambs = تأثير معاملة تفل البرتقال بالخميرة على معدلات النمو ومعاملات الهضم وقياسات الدم في الأغنام البرقي","authors":"H. A. Sayed, H. Ghobashy","doi":"10.12816/0048316","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.12816/0048316","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":129688,"journal":{"name":"Egyptian Journal of Sheep and Goat Sciences","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2018-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"121451577","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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