{"title":"Increased prevalence of pancreatic neuroendocrine microadenomas in patients with intraductal papillary mucinous neoplasms: yet another example of exocrine-neuroendocrine interaction?","authors":"Łukasz Liszka","doi":"10.5603/njo.97450","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.97450","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":130080,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology","volume":"62 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-11-09","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"139282188","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women in Poland and in the world. It accounts for about 24% of all cancer cases in Polish women. The aim of this study was to analyze the coverage of the population eligible for a population-based breast cancer prevention program in Poland before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, and to compare the Polish data with data from other countries around the world. Material and methods. The study was based on epidemiological data related to the performance of mammography examinations among Polish women under the breast cancer prevention program. The results were compared with data from other countries around the world. Results. In the years 2014–2022, a significant decrease was observed in the number of mammography examinations among Polish women under the population-based breast cancer prevention program. Conclusions. A continuous decrease in the number of preventive examinations in Poland is related not only to the COVID-19 pandemic, but also to the discontinuation of sending paper invitations for mammography under the breast cancer prevention program.
{"title":"Implementation of a population-based breast cancer prevention program in Poland before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Poland in comparison with other countries","authors":"Mariola Borowska, U. Religioni, A. Augustynowicz","doi":"10.5603/njo.a2023.0025","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.a2023.0025","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Breast cancer is the most common malignant tumor in women in Poland and in the world. It accounts for about 24% of all cancer cases in Polish women. The aim of this study was to analyze the coverage of the population eligible for a population-based breast cancer prevention program in Poland before, during and after the COVID-19 pandemic, and to compare the Polish data with data from other countries around the world. Material and methods. The study was based on epidemiological data related to the performance of mammography examinations among Polish women under the breast cancer prevention program. The results were compared with data from other countries around the world. Results. In the years 2014–2022, a significant decrease was observed in the number of mammography examinations among Polish women under the population-based breast cancer prevention program. Conclusions. A continuous decrease in the number of preventive examinations in Poland is related not only to the COVID-19 pandemic, but also to the discontinuation of sending paper invitations for mammography under the breast cancer prevention program.","PeriodicalId":130080,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology","volume":"69 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133988931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a very rare sarcoma characterized by loss of INI1 . Enzinger first described ES in 1970, but the histopathologic differential diagnosis of ES remains challenging. There are two ES subtypes, the classical type with spindle epithelioid to the central pseudogranulomatous cells, and the proximal type, which is predominantly composed of epithelioid and rhabdoid cells. ES symptoms and signs are not specific and depend on tumor localization. The only treatment for ES is radical excision with a microscope-radical margin. In general, the best treatment for ES in extremes is radical resection with a wide margin or amputation with or without lymph node dissection. Surgery may be followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Referral of patients with ES to a sarcoma center that offers hypo-fractionation RT trials and multidisciplinary clinical trials should be considered upfront. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with ifosfamide and doxorubicin with / or without radiation therapy must be used after a multidisciplinary team discussion. On 23 January 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) first approved tazemetostat – an inhibitor of zeste homolog 2 enhancer – therapy for metastatic ES or locally advanced ES not eligible for radical resection.
{"title":"Epithelioid sarcoma","authors":"A. Czarnecka","doi":"10.5603/njo.a2023.0021","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.a2023.0021","url":null,"abstract":"Epithelioid sarcoma (ES) is a very rare sarcoma characterized by loss of INI1 . Enzinger first described ES in 1970, but the histopathologic differential diagnosis of ES remains challenging. There are two ES subtypes, the classical type with spindle epithelioid to the central pseudogranulomatous cells, and the proximal type, which is predominantly composed of epithelioid and rhabdoid cells. ES symptoms and signs are not specific and depend on tumor localization. The only treatment for ES is radical excision with a microscope-radical margin. In general, the best treatment for ES in extremes is radical resection with a wide margin or amputation with or without lymph node dissection. Surgery may be followed by adjuvant chemotherapy and/or radiation therapy. Referral of patients with ES to a sarcoma center that offers hypo-fractionation RT trials and multidisciplinary clinical trials should be considered upfront. Neoadjuvant chemotherapy with ifosfamide and doxorubicin with / or without radiation therapy must be used after a multidisciplinary team discussion. On 23 January 2020, the US Food and Drug Administration (FDA) first approved tazemetostat – an inhibitor of zeste homolog 2 enhancer – therapy for metastatic ES or locally advanced ES not eligible for radical resection.","PeriodicalId":130080,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124922831","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In recent years, there has been a rapid proliferation of novel tobacco and nicotine products in the market, which have gained in popularity among adolescents. The prevalence of ever users of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) in Europe among those aged 10–24 ranges from 5.5% to 56.6%, with significant variations across countries. Adolescents have reported several reasons for e-cig use initiation, including low harm perception, social acceptability, novelty, and peer influence. Despite being marketed as safe alternatives, e-cigs are not risk-free and have already been associated with respiratory diseases. A major concern is their potential to renormalize smoking among non-smokers and to foster nicotine dependence, leading to the initiation of conventional cigarette smoking, which would reverse actual declining trends in tobacco consumption. Hence, to prevent a setback on the progress made in tobacco control, there is a pressing need for more comprehensive regulation, with a particular focus on adolescents, given that the teenage years are pivotal in determining future smoking behavior.
{"title":"Novel tobacco and nicotine products and youth in the European Union","authors":"A. Feliu, C. Espina, C. Martínez, E. Fernández","doi":"10.5603/njo.a2023.0022","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.a2023.0022","url":null,"abstract":"In recent years, there has been a rapid proliferation of novel tobacco and nicotine products in the market, which have gained in popularity among adolescents. The prevalence of ever users of electronic cigarettes (e-cigs) in Europe among those aged 10–24 ranges from 5.5% to 56.6%, with significant variations across countries. Adolescents have reported several reasons for e-cig use initiation, including low harm perception, social acceptability, novelty, and peer influence. Despite being marketed as safe alternatives, e-cigs are not risk-free and have already been associated with respiratory diseases. A major concern is their potential to renormalize smoking among non-smokers and to foster nicotine dependence, leading to the initiation of conventional cigarette smoking, which would reverse actual declining trends in tobacco consumption. Hence, to prevent a setback on the progress made in tobacco control, there is a pressing need for more comprehensive regulation, with a particular focus on adolescents, given that the teenage years are pivotal in determining future smoking behavior.","PeriodicalId":130080,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology","volume":"48 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"133261204","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
J. Wnuk, Agnieszka Bobola, Łukasz Pietrzyński, I. Gisterek
Introduction. A novel coronavirus, causing severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally since its emergence in December 2019. The mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been proven to be an efficient and safe disease control means among adult patients without immunocompromising conditions. However, cancer patients were among the group of people that was initially excluded from the registration trials. Material and methods. 60 patients, enrolled to this study, had been voluntarily vaccinated either with the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine between March and June 2021 and have been undergoing systemic treatment in the Clinical Oncology Unit of the University Clinical Center of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland. Patients received 2 injections of vaccine 21 days apart and were tested with Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay (Roche Diagnostics, France) for the presence of anti-S-protein antibodies in the patients’ serum. The serum samples were collected 2 to 8 weeks after receiving the second dose of vaccine. Results. The BNT162b2 vaccine was administered to 57 patients, while the mRNA-1273 vaccine – to 3 patients. Sero-conversion was achieved in 83.33% of patients. The median amount of anti-S-protein antibodies was 75,9 U/ml.There were no statistically significant differences in terms of age between the group with seroconversion and the group without seroconversion (Mann-Whitney U-test p = 0.762). There was no statistically significant correlation between neither the BMI (Spearman test, p = 0.079) norage (Spearman test, p = 0.762) and anti-S-protein antibody levels. Just as the diagnosis (primary tumor localization), clinical stage, type of modality (chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, immunotherapy) and the goal of treatment (radical, palliative) were not statistically significant in terms of anti-S-pro-tein antibody levels. Conclusions. Due to the high number of unresponsive or poorly responsive results, patients undergoing systemic therapy should be advised to maintain other measures of disease control such as distancing, usage of masks. Neverthe-less, implementing mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccinesinimmunocompromised patientsduring systemic therapyis reasoned, valuable and safe.
{"title":"Efficacy of the mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccine in cancer patients during systemic therapy. A single-centre experience","authors":"J. Wnuk, Agnieszka Bobola, Łukasz Pietrzyński, I. Gisterek","doi":"10.5603/njo.a2023.0024","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.a2023.0024","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. A novel coronavirus, causing severe acute respiratory syndrome 2 (SARS-CoV-2) has spread globally since its emergence in December 2019. The mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccines have been proven to be an efficient and safe disease control means among adult patients without immunocompromising conditions. However, cancer patients were among the group of people that was initially excluded from the registration trials. Material and methods. 60 patients, enrolled to this study, had been voluntarily vaccinated either with the BNT162b2 or mRNA-1273 SARS-CoV-2 vaccine between March and June 2021 and have been undergoing systemic treatment in the Clinical Oncology Unit of the University Clinical Center of the Medical University of Silesia in Katowice, Poland. Patients received 2 injections of vaccine 21 days apart and were tested with Elecsys® Anti-SARS-CoV-2 immunoassay (Roche Diagnostics, France) for the presence of anti-S-protein antibodies in the patients’ serum. The serum samples were collected 2 to 8 weeks after receiving the second dose of vaccine. Results. The BNT162b2 vaccine was administered to 57 patients, while the mRNA-1273 vaccine – to 3 patients. Sero-conversion was achieved in 83.33% of patients. The median amount of anti-S-protein antibodies was 75,9 U/ml.There were no statistically significant differences in terms of age between the group with seroconversion and the group without seroconversion (Mann-Whitney U-test p = 0.762). There was no statistically significant correlation between neither the BMI (Spearman test, p = 0.079) norage (Spearman test, p = 0.762) and anti-S-protein antibody levels. Just as the diagnosis (primary tumor localization), clinical stage, type of modality (chemotherapy, chemoradiotherapy, immunotherapy) and the goal of treatment (radical, palliative) were not statistically significant in terms of anti-S-pro-tein antibody levels. Conclusions. Due to the high number of unresponsive or poorly responsive results, patients undergoing systemic therapy should be advised to maintain other measures of disease control such as distancing, usage of masks. Neverthe-less, implementing mRNA SARS-CoV-2 vaccinesinimmunocompromised patientsduring systemic therapyis reasoned, valuable and safe.","PeriodicalId":130080,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology","volume":"7 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128614468","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Introduction. The population of Poland’s oldest old has increased substantially in recent decades. We evaluate mortality rates for all major cancers and their trend changes between 1999–2018. Material and methods. Cancer death data (1999–2018) were extracted from the World Health Organization (WHO) database. Age-standardized rates, and annual percent changes (APC) were determined. Results. Overall, 1 out of every 8 cancers are diagnosed over age 85+. Women are more often diagnosed than men at a ratio of 2.6 to 1. With regards to the cancers with the highest mortality rates, APCs increased for lung (0.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1–0.9) and breast (2.3; 95% CI: 1.7–2.9) cancer among women. Colon cancer also increased among men (2.7; 95% CI: 1.7–2.2). Conclusions. Substantial progress in cancer prevention has been made due to access to diagnostic testing, treatment, and a reduction of smoking. However, there is a need for comprehensive cancer centers that are equipped to administer and coordinate complex and personalized cancer care for the growing elderly population.
{"title":"Trends in cancer mortality among Poland’s oldest old (aged 85 years and older)","authors":"D. Kristjansson, M. Mańczuk","doi":"10.5603/njo.a2023.0011","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.a2023.0011","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. The population of Poland’s oldest old has increased substantially in recent decades. We evaluate mortality rates for all major cancers and their trend changes between 1999–2018. Material and methods. Cancer death data (1999–2018) were extracted from the World Health Organization (WHO) database. Age-standardized rates, and annual percent changes (APC) were determined. Results. Overall, 1 out of every 8 cancers are diagnosed over age 85+. Women are more often diagnosed than men at a ratio of 2.6 to 1. With regards to the cancers with the highest mortality rates, APCs increased for lung (0.9; 95% confidence interval [CI]: 0.1–0.9) and breast (2.3; 95% CI: 1.7–2.9) cancer among women. Colon cancer also increased among men (2.7; 95% CI: 1.7–2.2). Conclusions. Substantial progress in cancer prevention has been made due to access to diagnostic testing, treatment, and a reduction of smoking. However, there is a need for comprehensive cancer centers that are equipped to administer and coordinate complex and personalized cancer care for the growing elderly population.","PeriodicalId":130080,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology","volume":"52 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129400064","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joanna B. Wysocka, Joanna Lompart, A. Pietruszka, Mirosława Puskullouglu, A. Grela-Wojewoda
A 36-year old female was diagnosed with a breast infiltrating duct carcinoma, NOS, G2, luminal B HER2-neg, metastatic to the lymph nodes, lungs, liver and bones. She received ribociclib, fulvestrant and LHRH analog for 15 months with partial remission. For personal reasons the patient interrupted therapy for 4 months, but reported afterwards due to rapid progression. A core-biopsy revealed no presence of usual infiltrating duct carcinoma, but unequivocal choriocarcinoma-tous differentiation with mononuclear cytotrophoblast-like cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and multinucleated syncy-tiotrophoblast-like giant cells (fig. 1) and strong cytoplasmatic immunoreactivity for β-HCG (fig. 2). Pathologist suggested either a rare variant of invasive breast carcinoma with a cho-riocarcinomatous pattern or metastatic choriocarcinoma to the breast. Metastatic progression was seen; pregnancy, as well as primary choriocarcinoma were excluded; total β-HCG was 80,000 mU/ml. The patient received cisplatin plus etoposide with moderate clinical improvement and rapid decrease of β-HCG level. Invasive carcinoma
{"title":"Breast invasive carcinoma with a choriocarcinomatous pattern","authors":"Joanna B. Wysocka, Joanna Lompart, A. Pietruszka, Mirosława Puskullouglu, A. Grela-Wojewoda","doi":"10.5603/njo.a2023.0020","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.a2023.0020","url":null,"abstract":"A 36-year old female was diagnosed with a breast infiltrating duct carcinoma, NOS, G2, luminal B HER2-neg, metastatic to the lymph nodes, lungs, liver and bones. She received ribociclib, fulvestrant and LHRH analog for 15 months with partial remission. For personal reasons the patient interrupted therapy for 4 months, but reported afterwards due to rapid progression. A core-biopsy revealed no presence of usual infiltrating duct carcinoma, but unequivocal choriocarcinoma-tous differentiation with mononuclear cytotrophoblast-like cells with hyperchromatic nuclei and multinucleated syncy-tiotrophoblast-like giant cells (fig. 1) and strong cytoplasmatic immunoreactivity for β-HCG (fig. 2). Pathologist suggested either a rare variant of invasive breast carcinoma with a cho-riocarcinomatous pattern or metastatic choriocarcinoma to the breast. Metastatic progression was seen; pregnancy, as well as primary choriocarcinoma were excluded; total β-HCG was 80,000 mU/ml. The patient received cisplatin plus etoposide with moderate clinical improvement and rapid decrease of β-HCG level. Invasive carcinoma","PeriodicalId":130080,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125183265","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
How to cite: Stopińska K, Marzec A, Olejek A. Malignant neoplasm of the sigmoid colon found accidentally during a routine gynecological examination. NOWOTWORY J Oncol 2023; 73: 199. The patient underwent a routine gynecological examination with cytology every year. During 1 appointment, the gynecologist noticed and described a well-defined structure with a positive echo behind the uterus, measuring 22x24 mm in the transvaginal ultrasound (fig. 1). This structure aroused the oncological vigilance of the gynecologist performing the examination. Further diagnostics were recommended, during which a colonoscopy was performed, which revealed a tumor clamping the lumen of the sigmoid colon. In the next stage, a CT scan of the abdominal cavity and pelvis, without any contrasting agent, was performed (fig. 2). The examination revealed a thickening of the colon wall at the level of the initial segment of the sigmoid colon. The patient was qualified for surgical resection of the sigmoid colon. Histopathological examination of the excised tumor confirmed the diagnosis of pT3N1aM0 sigmoid adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy. This case shows that regardless of the medical specialty, attention should be paid to changes in other organs, including those that are not directly examined. Most colorectal cancers are diagnosed in older patients, over 70 years of age [1]. This patient was in her 50s at diagnosis, so it can be concluded that one should be vigilant for cancer, even if the patient is not directly in the high-risk age group. In this patient, the tumor was asymptomatic and accidental detection enabled the implementation of treatment that led to remission. If the gynecologist had ignored the lesion revealed in the transvaginal ultrasound, most likely the tumor would have been detected at the inoperable stage and, subsequently, only palliative treatment would be possible. In the available literature, one can find information that the only early detection of the disease presents an opportunity for remission [2].
如何引用:Stopińska K, Marzec A, Olejek A.乙状结肠恶性肿瘤在常规妇科检查中意外发现。北京大学学报(自然科学版);73: 199。患者每年接受常规妇科细胞学检查。在1次就诊中，妇科医生注意到并描述了子宫后方一个明确的结构，经阴道超声显示为22 × 24 mm的阳性回声(图1)。该结构引起了妇科医生进行检查的肿瘤警惕。建议进一步诊断，在结肠镜检查期间，发现肿瘤夹住乙状结肠管腔。下一阶段，对腹腔和骨盆进行CT扫描，未使用任何对比剂(图2)。检查显示乙状结肠初始段水平的结肠壁增厚。该患者符合乙状结肠手术切除的条件。经组织病理学检查证实为pT3N1aM0乙状结肠腺癌。病人接受了一个周期的辅助化疗。这个病例表明，无论医学专业如何，都应该注意其他器官的变化，包括那些没有直接检查的器官。大多数结直肠癌是在70岁以上的老年患者中诊断出来的[1]。该患者在确诊时已经50多岁了，因此，即使患者不是直接的高危年龄段，也应该警惕癌症。在这个病人中，肿瘤是无症状的，偶然发现使治疗得以实施，导致缓解。如果妇科医生忽略了经阴道超声检查中发现的病变，很可能在不能手术的阶段就发现了肿瘤，随后只能进行姑息治疗。在现有文献中，人们可以发现只有早期发现疾病才有缓解的机会[2]。
{"title":"Malignant neoplasm of the sigmoid colon found accidentally during a routine gynecological examination","authors":"Kamila Stopińska, Adrianna Marzec, A. Olejek","doi":"10.5603/njo.a2023.0010","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.a2023.0010","url":null,"abstract":"How to cite: Stopińska K, Marzec A, Olejek A. Malignant neoplasm of the sigmoid colon found accidentally during a routine gynecological examination. NOWOTWORY J Oncol 2023; 73: 199. The patient underwent a routine gynecological examination with cytology every year. During 1 appointment, the gynecologist noticed and described a well-defined structure with a positive echo behind the uterus, measuring 22x24 mm in the transvaginal ultrasound (fig. 1). This structure aroused the oncological vigilance of the gynecologist performing the examination. Further diagnostics were recommended, during which a colonoscopy was performed, which revealed a tumor clamping the lumen of the sigmoid colon. In the next stage, a CT scan of the abdominal cavity and pelvis, without any contrasting agent, was performed (fig. 2). The examination revealed a thickening of the colon wall at the level of the initial segment of the sigmoid colon. The patient was qualified for surgical resection of the sigmoid colon. Histopathological examination of the excised tumor confirmed the diagnosis of pT3N1aM0 sigmoid adenocarcinoma. The patient underwent a cycle of adjuvant chemotherapy. This case shows that regardless of the medical specialty, attention should be paid to changes in other organs, including those that are not directly examined. Most colorectal cancers are diagnosed in older patients, over 70 years of age [1]. This patient was in her 50s at diagnosis, so it can be concluded that one should be vigilant for cancer, even if the patient is not directly in the high-risk age group. In this patient, the tumor was asymptomatic and accidental detection enabled the implementation of treatment that led to remission. If the gynecologist had ignored the lesion revealed in the transvaginal ultrasound, most likely the tumor would have been detected at the inoperable stage and, subsequently, only palliative treatment would be possible. In the available literature, one can find information that the only early detection of the disease presents an opportunity for remission [2].","PeriodicalId":130080,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology","volume":"45 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125925142","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Joanna Lompart, Agata Sałek-Zań, Mirosława Puskulluoglu, A. Grela-Wojewoda
Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the main cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The available treatment options for HCC include liver transplant, locoregional therapy (such as ablation, embolization, and radiotherapy), and systemic treatment. The latter encompasses targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and angiogenesis inhibitors, alone or in combination. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted drug therapy has been one of the most significant advances in HCC treatment. These therapies were shown to prolong overall survival and progression-free survival in clinical trials including patients with advanced HCC. In recent years, the systemic treatment of advanced HCC has vastly improved, with a median survival of 19.2 months in the IMbrave150 trial. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal sequence of treatment.
{"title":"Novel systemic treatment for hepatocellular carcinoma: a step-by-step review of current indications","authors":"Joanna Lompart, Agata Sałek-Zań, Mirosława Puskulluoglu, A. Grela-Wojewoda","doi":"10.5603/njo.a2023.0019","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.a2023.0019","url":null,"abstract":"Hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the most common primary liver cancer and the main cause of cancer-related death worldwide. The available treatment options for HCC include liver transplant, locoregional therapy (such as ablation, embolization, and radiotherapy), and systemic treatment. The latter encompasses targeted therapy, immunotherapy, and angiogenesis inhibitors, alone or in combination. The introduction of immune checkpoint inhibitors and targeted drug therapy has been one of the most significant advances in HCC treatment. These therapies were shown to prolong overall survival and progression-free survival in clinical trials including patients with advanced HCC. In recent years, the systemic treatment of advanced HCC has vastly improved, with a median survival of 19.2 months in the IMbrave150 trial. However, further research is needed to determine the optimal sequence of treatment.","PeriodicalId":130080,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology","volume":"12 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128453286","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
U. Wojciechowska, Klaudia Baranska, M. Miklewska, J. Didkowska
Introduction. Morbidity due to malignant neoplasms has been growing steadily during the last three decades, and cancer has become the second most widespread cause of death. The aim of this article is to present a summary of the epidemiological indicators of malignant neoplasms in Poland in 2020. Material and methods. In the following report, we present the latest estimates of morbidity and mortality from cancer in Poland in 2020–2022 and a wide range of information on the occurrence of registered cancer cases and deaths in 2020, according to sex, age, cancer site, or Polish administrative division. Cancer data was collected by the National Cancer Registry and the Central Statistical Office. Results. The PNCR received information about 146,181 new cases and 99,871 thousand cancer deaths in 2020. Compared to the previous year, the number of cancer cases decreased by about 12,000 in both sexes. Conclusions. An important phenomenon that appeared in 2020 was the COVID-19 pandemic. It more than likely significantly influenced cancer cases under-registration.
{"title":"Cancer incidence and mortality in Poland in 2020","authors":"U. Wojciechowska, Klaudia Baranska, M. Miklewska, J. Didkowska","doi":"10.5603/njo.2023.0026","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.5603/njo.2023.0026","url":null,"abstract":"Introduction. Morbidity due to malignant neoplasms has been growing steadily during the last three decades, and cancer has become the second most widespread cause of death. The aim of this article is to present a summary of the epidemiological indicators of malignant neoplasms in Poland in 2020. Material and methods. In the following report, we present the latest estimates of morbidity and mortality from cancer in Poland in 2020–2022 and a wide range of information on the occurrence of registered cancer cases and deaths in 2020, according to sex, age, cancer site, or Polish administrative division. Cancer data was collected by the National Cancer Registry and the Central Statistical Office. Results. The PNCR received information about 146,181 new cases and 99,871 thousand cancer deaths in 2020. Compared to the previous year, the number of cancer cases decreased by about 12,000 in both sexes. Conclusions. An important phenomenon that appeared in 2020 was the COVID-19 pandemic. It more than likely significantly influenced cancer cases under-registration.","PeriodicalId":130080,"journal":{"name":"Nowotwory. Journal of Oncology","volume":"9 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124999377","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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