This paper examines the direct effectof ownership concentration (OWNC), dividend policy as proxied by dividend payout (DPAY) and firm size proxied by log of total assets (FS) on firm value which is proxied by Tobin’s Q. Also,the moderating effect of OWNC on the relationship between DPAY and Tobin’s Q was examined. 16 out of the 18 listed consumers goods sector of the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX)were purposively selected for this study and the study period 2013 to 2022 and 160 statistical observations per variable were employed for the study. Utilizing a ex-post facto research design, and fixed effects regression for the statistical model to control for unobserved heterogeneity withing firms over time, ensuring a robust examination of the relationships under study. Also, an interaction term (OWNC*DPAY) was introduced to capture the joint effects of ownership concentration and dividend policy on Firm value. At the end of the analysis, DPAY was found to have a statistically insignificant impact on firm value. Secondly, OWNC exhibited a significantnegative relationship with firm value, suggesting that higher levels of OWNC could adversely affect firm value. Thirdly, the moderating effect of OWNC on DPAY-firm value relationship yielded a negative and insignificant effect, suggesting that the influence of dividend policy on firm value is not significantly enhanced by variation in ownership concentration. These findings contribute, in a nuanced manner, to literature on dividend policy and ownership concentration in corporate governance in the context of an emerging markets like Nigeria. It is recommended that managers of firms in the sector should look beyond dividend policy for value enhancement strategies and managers should ensure a balancing act between ownership concentration and dispersed ownership because of possible negative impact that concentrated ownership portend.
{"title":"OWNERSHIP CONCENTRATION’S MODERATING EFFECT ON DIVIDEND PAYOUT AND TOBIN’S Q OF LISTED CONSUMER GOODS FIRMS IN NIGERIA","authors":"O. Akpadaka","doi":"10.57233/gujaf.v4i2.9","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v4i2.9","url":null,"abstract":"This paper examines the direct effectof ownership concentration (OWNC), dividend policy as proxied by dividend payout (DPAY) and firm size proxied by log of total assets (FS) on firm value which is proxied by Tobin’s Q. Also,the moderating effect of OWNC on the relationship between DPAY and Tobin’s Q was examined. 16 out of the 18 listed consumers goods sector of the Nigerian Exchange Group (NGX)were purposively selected for this study and the study period 2013 to 2022 and 160 statistical observations per variable were employed for the study. Utilizing a ex-post facto research design, and fixed effects regression for the statistical model to control for unobserved heterogeneity withing firms over time, ensuring a robust examination of the relationships under study. Also, an interaction term (OWNC*DPAY) was introduced to capture the joint effects of ownership concentration and dividend policy on Firm value. At the end of the analysis, DPAY was found to have a statistically insignificant impact on firm value. Secondly, OWNC exhibited a significantnegative relationship with firm value, suggesting that higher levels of OWNC could adversely affect firm value. Thirdly, the moderating effect of OWNC on DPAY-firm value relationship yielded a negative and insignificant effect, suggesting that the influence of dividend policy on firm value is not significantly enhanced by variation in ownership concentration. These findings contribute, in a nuanced manner, to literature on dividend policy and ownership concentration in corporate governance in the context of an emerging markets like Nigeria. It is recommended that managers of firms in the sector should look beyond dividend policy for value enhancement strategies and managers should ensure a balancing act between ownership concentration and dispersed ownership because of possible negative impact that concentrated ownership portend.","PeriodicalId":131022,"journal":{"name":"Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":"145 1","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141375919","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Finance is a crucial component to entrepreneurial success and the dearth of financial resources can be detrimental to entrepreneurs and affect entrepreneurial activities and growth opportunities. This study investigates the financial determinants of entrepreneurship in Nigeria from 1991 to 2021 using the auto regressive distributed lag model. The findings to the study revealed that while foreign direct investments and financial development negatively affect self-employment rate in Nigeria, access to finance increases the rate of self-employment in Nigeria. This study, therefore, recommends that policy makers need to make access to financial resources easier and at a lesser cost to individuals who wants to be self-employed in order to encourage self-employment and entrepreneurial activities for economic growth and stability.
{"title":"FINANCIAL DETERMINANTS OF ENTREPRENEURSHIP IN NIGERIA","authors":"Precious Adukwu, Hyeladi Stanley Dibal","doi":"10.57233/gujaf.v4i2.5","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v4i2.5","url":null,"abstract":"Finance is a crucial component to entrepreneurial success and the dearth of financial resources can be detrimental to entrepreneurs and affect entrepreneurial activities and growth opportunities. This study investigates the financial determinants of entrepreneurship in Nigeria from 1991 to 2021 using the auto regressive distributed lag model. The findings to the study revealed that while foreign direct investments and financial development negatively affect self-employment rate in Nigeria, access to finance increases the rate of self-employment in Nigeria. This study, therefore, recommends that policy makers need to make access to financial resources easier and at a lesser cost to individuals who wants to be self-employed in order to encourage self-employment and entrepreneurial activities for economic growth and stability.","PeriodicalId":131022,"journal":{"name":"Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":"61 S279","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141377229","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
O. A. Aliu, M. Abdul-Hamid, S. Suleiman, Salam Mudathir Olanrewaju
Policymakers have taken cognisance of necessity to improve the transparency and compliance level among parameters of pension reforms. Empirical literature found positive roles of transparency and compliance toward the achievement of pension reform objectives such as sustainability. However, the level of transparency and compliance of pension fund managers and employers of labour under the contributory pension scheme in Nigeria leaves much to be desired. Thus, this study examined the effects of transparency and compliance on the sustainability of the Nigerian contributory pension scheme. Data was collected with the use of survey questionnaires administered on purposive sampling method on the managerial level staff of contributory pension operators and active participants enrolled in the scheme. The data collected was analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling with the aid of Smart PLS statistical application. The results showed that transparency has positively significant effect on the sustainability of contributory pension scheme in Nigeria while compliance has positive but insignificant effect. The study recommends the need for National Pension Commission as the regulator of the contributory pension scheme to strengthen its capacity to enforce adequate transparency and compliance level among the operators and employers of labour in contributory pension scheme in order to achieve not only the sustainability but other objectives of contributory pension reform.
{"title":"TRANSPARENCY, COMPLIANCE AND SUSTAINABILITY OF CONTRIBUTORY PENSION SCHEME IN NIGERIA","authors":"O. A. Aliu, M. Abdul-Hamid, S. Suleiman, Salam Mudathir Olanrewaju","doi":"10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.204","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.204","url":null,"abstract":"Policymakers have taken cognisance of necessity to improve the transparency and compliance level among parameters of pension reforms. Empirical literature found positive roles of transparency and compliance toward the achievement of pension reform objectives such as sustainability. However, the level of transparency and compliance of pension fund managers and employers of labour under the contributory pension scheme in Nigeria leaves much to be desired. Thus, this study examined the effects of transparency and compliance on the sustainability of the Nigerian contributory pension scheme. Data was collected with the use of survey questionnaires administered on purposive sampling method on the managerial level staff of contributory pension operators and active participants enrolled in the scheme. The data collected was analysed using partial least square structural equation modelling with the aid of Smart PLS statistical application. The results showed that transparency has positively significant effect on the sustainability of contributory pension scheme in Nigeria while compliance has positive but insignificant effect. The study recommends the need for National Pension Commission as the regulator of the contributory pension scheme to strengthen its capacity to enforce adequate transparency and compliance level among the operators and employers of labour in contributory pension scheme in order to achieve not only the sustainability but other objectives of contributory pension reform.","PeriodicalId":131022,"journal":{"name":"Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":"19 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"129522713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study explored the effect of risk committee expertise on the risk disclosure quality (RDQ) of listed insurance firms in Nigeria from 2011-2021. Data was obtained from the financial statement and annual reports of seventeen listed insurance firms sampled out of a population of twenty-one firms. The dependent variable employed in the study was RDQ defined by the quantity of risk disclosure sentences while risk committee expertise was employed as the independent variable of the study. The ratio of the number of Directors with expertise in Accounting, Finance, and Risk Management in the committee to the total number of Directors in the committee serves as a proxy for the independent variable. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and GLS regression were used to analyse the data collected. To ascertain the suitability of the data for regression analysis and the robustness of the regression results, post estimation and pre-estimation tests were performed. The result of GLS regression conducted indicated that Risk Committee expertise has a significant positive impact on RDQ. Consequently, the current study recommends that in order to improve the quality of risk disclosure in listed insurance firms, the financial reporting council of Nigeria (FRCN) and other regulatory authorities, such as the national insurance commission (NAICOM), should mandate the establishment of risk committees composed of members experienced and knowledgeable in finance, accounting, risk management, and disclosure in their corporate governance codes. This result has practical implications as it underscores the fact that the knowledge and skill of the risk committee drives improved risk disclosure. In addition, the result further influences the efforts of regulatory authorities in their attempt to develop resilient corporate governance codes that guarantees qualitative risk disclosure.
{"title":"RISK COMMITTEE DEMOGRAPHIC TRAITS: A STUDY OF THE IMPACT OF EXPERTISE ON RISK DISCLOSURE QUALITY OF LISTED INSURANCE FIRMS IN NIGERIA","authors":"Najib Abbas Wada, K. Dandago, Naja’atu Bala Rabiu","doi":"10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.207","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.207","url":null,"abstract":"The study explored the effect of risk committee expertise on the risk disclosure quality (RDQ) of listed insurance firms in Nigeria from 2011-2021. Data was obtained from the financial statement and annual reports of seventeen listed insurance firms sampled out of a population of twenty-one firms. The dependent variable employed in the study was RDQ defined by the quantity of risk disclosure sentences while risk committee expertise was employed as the independent variable of the study. The ratio of the number of Directors with expertise in Accounting, Finance, and Risk Management in the committee to the total number of Directors in the committee serves as a proxy for the independent variable. Descriptive statistics, correlation analysis, and GLS regression were used to analyse the data collected. To ascertain the suitability of the data for regression analysis and the robustness of the regression results, post estimation and pre-estimation tests were performed. The result of GLS regression conducted indicated that Risk Committee expertise has a significant positive impact on RDQ. Consequently, the current study recommends that in order to improve the quality of risk disclosure in listed insurance firms, the financial reporting council of Nigeria (FRCN) and other regulatory authorities, such as the national insurance commission (NAICOM), should mandate the establishment of risk committees composed of members experienced and knowledgeable in finance, accounting, risk management, and disclosure in their corporate governance codes. This result has practical implications as it underscores the fact that the knowledge and skill of the risk committee drives improved risk disclosure. In addition, the result further influences the efforts of regulatory authorities in their attempt to develop resilient corporate governance codes that guarantees qualitative risk disclosure.","PeriodicalId":131022,"journal":{"name":"Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":"41 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"123852924","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The study examined the effect of trialability and observability of IPSAS on accrual basis IPSASIMPL in Nigeria. 656 accounting staff of all the 29 Federal Government ministries in Abuja constitute the population of the study. The sample size of 242 was arrived at using Krejcie and Morgan table for Determining Sample Size from a Given Population. The sampling technique adopted for the study was proportionate stratified random sampling techniques. Closed ended Questionnaires were used in collecting the data for this study. The data collected was analyzed using binary logistic regression techniques with the aid of STATA 13 Software. The study revealed that Trialability (TRIALA) and Observability (OBSERV) were negative and significantly related to accrual basis IPSASIMPL in Nigeria. It was therefore concluded that TRIALA and OBSERV have negative effect on accrual basis IPSASIMPL in Nigeria. The study recommends for an increased consideration of the visibility and benefits of IPSAS on one hand and its testing capability and suitability on the other hand in order to facilitate the implementation process of accrual basis IPSAS in Nigeria.
{"title":"TRIALABILITY AND OBSERVABILITY OF ACCRUAL BASIS INTERNATIONAL PUBLIC SECTOR ACCOUNTING STANDARDS IMPLEMENTATION IN NIGERIA","authors":"Aliyu Abdullahi Ahmed, Zakari Usman","doi":"10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.199","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.199","url":null,"abstract":"The study examined the effect of trialability and observability of IPSAS on accrual basis IPSASIMPL in Nigeria. 656 accounting staff of all the 29 Federal Government ministries in Abuja constitute the population of the study. The sample size of 242 was arrived at using Krejcie and Morgan table for Determining Sample Size from a Given Population. The sampling technique adopted for the study was proportionate stratified random sampling techniques. Closed ended Questionnaires were used in collecting the data for this study. The data collected was analyzed using binary logistic regression techniques with the aid of STATA 13 Software. The study revealed that Trialability (TRIALA) and Observability (OBSERV) were negative and significantly related to accrual basis IPSASIMPL in Nigeria. It was therefore concluded that TRIALA and OBSERV have negative effect on accrual basis IPSASIMPL in Nigeria. The study recommends for an increased consideration of the visibility and benefits of IPSAS on one hand and its testing capability and suitability on the other hand in order to facilitate the implementation process of accrual basis IPSAS in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":131022,"journal":{"name":"Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":"122 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128132866","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Muhammed Alhaji Abubakar, N. Nordin, Abubakar Hamisu Umar
This study has examined the effect of liquidity risk on performance of non-financial firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The main objective was to assess the degree of influence liquidity risk measured by (standard deviation of quick ratio and current ratio) have on performance (return on assets) of the non-financial firms in Nigeria. Data from all the 87 non-financial firms listed on NSE were extracted through financial reports and analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression through STATA version 16. The findings revealed that current ratio have negative and significant effect on performance, while the quick ratio was not significant in influencing performance. The result implies that an increase in liquidity risk (difficulty in running the operations and offsetting short term maturing obligations), leads to a significant decrease in performance of the firms. The result also confirms that the standard deviation of current ratio provides better measurement of liquidity risk. It was however concluded that, liquidity risk has negative and significant effect on performance of firms in Nigeria. The study recommends that more attention should be given to liquidity management to minimize the risk of insolvency or bankruptcy of firms in Nigeria as such will help in reducing liquidity risk issues and improve performance of the non[1]financial firms in Nigeria.
本研究考察了流动性风险对在尼日利亚证券交易所上市的非金融公司业绩的影响。主要目标是评估以(速动比率和流动比率的标准差)衡量的流动性风险对尼日利亚非金融公司业绩(资产回报率)的影响程度。通过财务报告提取NSE所有87家非金融企业的数据，并通过STATA version 16使用描述性统计、相关和回归进行分析。结果表明，流动比率对业绩有显著负向影响，速动比率对业绩影响不显著。结果表明，流动性风险的增加(经营和抵消短期到期债务的困难)导致公司业绩显著下降。结果也证实了流动比率的标准差能更好地衡量流动性风险。然而，得出的结论是，流动性风险对尼日利亚公司的绩效有负面和显著的影响。该研究建议，应该更多地关注流动性管理，以尽量减少尼日利亚公司破产或破产的风险，因为这将有助于减少流动性风险问题，提高尼日利亚非[1]金融公司的绩效。
{"title":"LIQUIDITY RISK AND PERFORMANCE OF NON-FINANCIAL FIRMS LISTED ON THE NIGERIAN STOCK EXCHANGE","authors":"Muhammed Alhaji Abubakar, N. Nordin, Abubakar Hamisu Umar","doi":"10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.200","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.200","url":null,"abstract":"This study has examined the effect of liquidity risk on performance of non-financial firms listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange. The main objective was to assess the degree of influence liquidity risk measured by (standard deviation of quick ratio and current ratio) have on performance (return on assets) of the non-financial firms in Nigeria. Data from all the 87 non-financial firms listed on NSE were extracted through financial reports and analyzed using descriptive statistics, correlation and regression through STATA version 16. The findings revealed that current ratio have negative and significant effect on performance, while the quick ratio was not significant in influencing performance. The result implies that an increase in liquidity risk (difficulty in running the operations and offsetting short term maturing obligations), leads to a significant decrease in performance of the firms. The result also confirms that the standard deviation of current ratio provides better measurement of liquidity risk. It was however concluded that, liquidity risk has negative and significant effect on performance of firms in Nigeria. The study recommends that more attention should be given to liquidity management to minimize the risk of insolvency or bankruptcy of firms in Nigeria as such will help in reducing liquidity risk issues and improve performance of the non[1]financial firms in Nigeria.","PeriodicalId":131022,"journal":{"name":"Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":"229 5 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132985079","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Earnings metrics are major financial indicators which capital market participants and investors focus on for informed decisions. Because reporting earnings increase may enhance firms’ stock price, many managers are motivated to avoid reporting earnings decreases, but prefer to consistently report increase earnings greater than its previous valuation. There is evidence that such practice has led to a situation of conspicuous upward shift in frequency of observations, starting from the left of identified earnings benchmark to the right. Recent studies have shown that a change in accounting regulation may have effects on the shape of the firm-year distribution of earnings. This paper examines the discontinuity evidence for Nigeria, in relation to the adoption of the international financial reporting standard. The aim is to establish whether discontinuity in earnings, represented by the asset-scaled net profits, as well the discontinuity in earnings-change, has reduced following the adoption. According to literature, the study employs three methods – empirical histogram, standardise differences tests and the permutation tests – to validate the aims. The findings suppose evidence for increase in discontinuity, indicating increased in small profits’ earnings management, after the adoption. Contrary, the evidence is not sufficient to conclude that the discontinuity has increase for the earnings-change. It can be argued that the adoption has not achieve much in ensuring firms are monitored against earnings management to avoid losses. The study has limitation, since it considers only the distributions of earnings and earnings-changes. The distribution of forecast errors is not investigated because such is influence by forecast management. Future studies may consider this for improvement.
{"title":"IS THERE EARNINGS DISCONTINUITY AFTER THE IMPLEMENTATION OF IFRS IN NIGERIA?","authors":"A. Gbadebo","doi":"10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.211","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.211","url":null,"abstract":"Earnings metrics are major financial indicators which capital market participants and investors focus on for informed decisions. Because reporting earnings increase may enhance firms’ stock price, many managers are motivated to avoid reporting earnings decreases, but prefer to consistently report increase earnings greater than its previous valuation. There is evidence that such practice has led to a situation of conspicuous upward shift in frequency of observations, starting from the left of identified earnings benchmark to the right. Recent studies have shown that a change in accounting regulation may have effects on the shape of the firm-year distribution of earnings. This paper examines the discontinuity evidence for Nigeria, in relation to the adoption of the international financial reporting standard. The aim is to establish whether discontinuity in earnings, represented by the asset-scaled net profits, as well the discontinuity in earnings-change, has reduced following the adoption. According to literature, the study employs three methods – empirical histogram, standardise differences tests and the permutation tests – to validate the aims. The findings suppose evidence for increase in discontinuity, indicating increased in small profits’ earnings management, after the adoption. Contrary, the evidence is not sufficient to conclude that the discontinuity has increase for the earnings-change. It can be argued that the adoption has not achieve much in ensuring firms are monitored against earnings management to avoid losses. The study has limitation, since it considers only the distributions of earnings and earnings-changes. The distribution of forecast errors is not investigated because such is influence by forecast management. Future studies may consider this for improvement.","PeriodicalId":131022,"journal":{"name":"Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125121518","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Sources of healthcare financing especially among surgical patients in Nasarawa state is presently unknown. Sub-Saharan African countries have introduced a number of methods to funding healthcare system. The Nigerian government commenced implementation of a social health insurance scheme (National Health Insurance Scheme; NHIS) so as to improve on healthcare funding for its citizens. This study determined the sources of financing surgical cases, type of surgeries and compared the cost of treatment among patients attending the Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital and other Health Centers in Nasarawa State. It was a hospital based cross-sectional descriptive study among 420 adults aged 18 years to 75 years in a study that lasted for two years. The data collected was analyzed using Statistical package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. Significant p was < 0.05. The average age of patient was 28.6 ± 11.9 years. There were more females (75.5%) with most (73.8) of our participants living in rural areas. Majority (60.0%) had Caesarean Section and one-sixth had exploratory laparotomy respectively. Most spending for healthcare needs was Out-Of-Pocket (OOP) with only a handful (6.7%) enjoying insurance coverage. The average cost of surgery was 41,337.73 Naira and 28,426.47 Naira among the low and high socio-economic class respectively. Most of the participants in this study were on Out-Of[1]Pocket healthcare financing with only one out of fifteen having health insurance coverage of the NHIS. Most of the surgical patients are from the rural areas, are females, do not attend tertiary level of education and are of low socio-economic status. Caesarean section and exploratory laparatomy were the predominant indications for surgeries. Those from the lower socio-economic status pay more for surgeries even though they earn less. We recommended that the state consider State health insurance agency and this should cater for people in both the formal ana the non-formal sectors. In addition, rural dwellers and surgeries such as caesarean section and emergency laparatomies should not be left out.
目前还不清楚纳萨拉瓦州的医疗保健资金来源，特别是外科手术患者的医疗保健资金来源。撒哈拉以南非洲国家已经引进了许多方法来资助卫生保健系统。尼日利亚政府开始实施社会健康保险计划(国家健康保险计划;(国民健康保险制度)，以改善其公民的医疗保健资金。这项研究确定了手术病例的资金来源、手术类型，并比较了在达尔哈图Araf专科医院和纳萨拉瓦邦其他保健中心就诊的患者的治疗费用。这是一项以医院为基础的横断面描述性研究，研究对象是420名年龄在18岁至75岁之间的成年人，研究持续了两年。收集的数据使用SPSS 20.0版社会科学统计软件包进行分析。p < 0.05。患者平均年龄28.6±11.9岁。女性更多(75.5%)，大多数(73.8%)的参与者生活在农村地区。多数(60.0%)行剖宫产，六分之一行剖腹探查。医疗需求的大部分支出是自付(OOP)，只有少数(6.7%)享受保险。低、高社会经济阶层的平均手术费用分别为41,337.73奈拉和28,426.47奈拉。在这项研究中，大多数参与者都是out - of [1]Pocket医疗融资，只有十五分之一的人拥有NHIS的医疗保险。大多数手术患者来自农村地区，是女性，没有接受过高等教育，社会经济地位低下。剖宫产和剖腹探查是手术的主要指征。社会经济地位较低的人即使收入较低，也要支付更多的手术费。我们建议国家考虑设立国家健康保险机构，该机构应兼顾正规和非正规部门的人。此外，农村居民和剖腹产、紧急剖宫产等手术也不应被排除在外。
{"title":"SOURCES OF HEALTH CARE FINANCING AMONG SURGICAL PATIENTS SEEN AT THE DALHATU ARAF SPECIALIST HOSPITAL LAFIA NASARAWA STATE NIGERIA","authors":"A. Yahaya, Babatunde Joseph Kolawole, B. Oyeleke","doi":"10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.203","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.203","url":null,"abstract":"Sources of healthcare financing especially among surgical patients in Nasarawa state is presently unknown. Sub-Saharan African countries have introduced a number of methods to funding healthcare system. The Nigerian government commenced implementation of a social health insurance scheme (National Health Insurance Scheme; NHIS) so as to improve on healthcare funding for its citizens. This study determined the sources of financing surgical cases, type of surgeries and compared the cost of treatment among patients attending the Dalhatu Araf Specialist Hospital and other Health Centers in Nasarawa State. It was a hospital based cross-sectional descriptive study among 420 adults aged 18 years to 75 years in a study that lasted for two years. The data collected was analyzed using Statistical package for the Social Science (SPSS) version 20.0. Significant p was < 0.05. The average age of patient was 28.6 ± 11.9 years. There were more females (75.5%) with most (73.8) of our participants living in rural areas. Majority (60.0%) had Caesarean Section and one-sixth had exploratory laparotomy respectively. Most spending for healthcare needs was Out-Of-Pocket (OOP) with only a handful (6.7%) enjoying insurance coverage. The average cost of surgery was 41,337.73 Naira and 28,426.47 Naira among the low and high socio-economic class respectively. Most of the participants in this study were on Out-Of[1]Pocket healthcare financing with only one out of fifteen having health insurance coverage of the NHIS. Most of the surgical patients are from the rural areas, are females, do not attend tertiary level of education and are of low socio-economic status. Caesarean section and exploratory laparatomy were the predominant indications for surgeries. Those from the lower socio-economic status pay more for surgeries even though they earn less. We recommended that the state consider State health insurance agency and this should cater for people in both the formal ana the non-formal sectors. In addition, rural dwellers and surgeries such as caesarean section and emergency laparatomies should not be left out.","PeriodicalId":131022,"journal":{"name":"Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":"11 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128464985","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The main objective of this study is to examine the influence of working capital management on the financial performance of listed industrial goods firms/entities in Nigeria. The study collected data from the yearly reports of selected companies between 2011 and 2021, using the purposive sampling method. The generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator technique was employed for data analysis. The findings indicate that inventory turnover and receivable collection positively impact financial performance. the finding revealed that inventory turnover, and receivable collection have statistical significant effect on return on equity with the coefficient (-0.6150, and 0.0067) and p[1]value (0.000and 0.009) at 5% level of significant respectively. The study concluded that inventory turnover was noted to have increased the likelihood of financial performance and thereby Governments should endeavor to provide adequate infrastructure such as constant and stable electricity supply, good road network and rail system to facilitate the cost of production at minimum cost and movement of goods.
{"title":"EXAMINING THE IMPACT OF WORKING CAPITAL MANAGEMENT ON THE FINANCIAL PERFORMANCE OF LISTED INDUSTRIAL GOODS ENTITIES IN NIGERIA","authors":"A. Sani, Jamilu Jibril, T. O. Bakare","doi":"10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.205","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.205","url":null,"abstract":"The main objective of this study is to examine the influence of working capital management on the financial performance of listed industrial goods firms/entities in Nigeria. The study collected data from the yearly reports of selected companies between 2011 and 2021, using the purposive sampling method. The generalized method of moments (GMM) estimator technique was employed for data analysis. The findings indicate that inventory turnover and receivable collection positively impact financial performance. the finding revealed that inventory turnover, and receivable collection have statistical significant effect on return on equity with the coefficient (-0.6150, and 0.0067) and p[1]value (0.000and 0.009) at 5% level of significant respectively. The study concluded that inventory turnover was noted to have increased the likelihood of financial performance and thereby Governments should endeavor to provide adequate infrastructure such as constant and stable electricity supply, good road network and rail system to facilitate the cost of production at minimum cost and movement of goods.","PeriodicalId":131022,"journal":{"name":"Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":"17 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132647435","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
S. Hassan, B. Sabo, Ismai'l Idris Tijjani, I. A. Aliyu
The recurring instability of commercial banks’ performance in Nigeria have triggered stakeholders to deploy efforts toward providing solutions where the desired result is yet to be achieved. Consequently, this study examined the moderating effect of bank size on the relationship between interest rate, liquidity, and performance of the banks in Nigeria. An ex-post-facto research design was adopted, where the bank-specific data were sourced from the published annual financial statements of 12 commercial banks listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange and the macroeconomic data were extracted from the WDI database for a ten-firm-year period from 2011 to 2020. The analysis was done using the panel regression technique with the support of Stata software version 14.2. Findings on the direct effects showed a significant and negative relationship between deposit rate and performance, and both the lending rate and loan-to-deposit ratio have positive and significant relationships with performance. Meanwhile, the intervention effects showed that the bank size has positively moderated the relationship between deposit rate and performance; whereas bank size has negatively moderated the relationship between loan-to-deposit ratio and performance. Therefore, the study recommended that banks should grow their assets to enable them to achieve economies of scale and cost efficiency.
{"title":"MODERATING EFFECT OF BANK SIZE ON THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN INTEREST RATE, LIQUIDITY, AND PROFITABILITY OF COMMERCIAL BANKS IN NIGERIA","authors":"S. Hassan, B. Sabo, Ismai'l Idris Tijjani, I. A. Aliyu","doi":"10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.202","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.57233/gujaf.v4i1.202","url":null,"abstract":"The recurring instability of commercial banks’ performance in Nigeria have triggered stakeholders to deploy efforts toward providing solutions where the desired result is yet to be achieved. Consequently, this study examined the moderating effect of bank size on the relationship between interest rate, liquidity, and performance of the banks in Nigeria. An ex-post-facto research design was adopted, where the bank-specific data were sourced from the published annual financial statements of 12 commercial banks listed on the Nigerian Stock Exchange and the macroeconomic data were extracted from the WDI database for a ten-firm-year period from 2011 to 2020. The analysis was done using the panel regression technique with the support of Stata software version 14.2. Findings on the direct effects showed a significant and negative relationship between deposit rate and performance, and both the lending rate and loan-to-deposit ratio have positive and significant relationships with performance. Meanwhile, the intervention effects showed that the bank size has positively moderated the relationship between deposit rate and performance; whereas bank size has negatively moderated the relationship between loan-to-deposit ratio and performance. Therefore, the study recommended that banks should grow their assets to enable them to achieve economies of scale and cost efficiency.","PeriodicalId":131022,"journal":{"name":"Gusau Journal of Accounting and Finance","volume":"40 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"128342801","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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