Pub Date : 2024-06-15DOI: 10.1080/27706869.2024.2357447
Kaden Paulson-Smith
{"title":"Creating power from failure: policing stock theft in colonial East Africa","authors":"Kaden Paulson-Smith","doi":"10.1080/27706869.2024.2357447","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2024.2357447","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131134,"journal":{"name":"Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis","volume":"91 21","pages":""},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2024-06-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"141337713","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-13DOI: 10.1080/27706869.2023.2269511
Rustamjon Urinboyev
There was a widespread euphoria in the 1990s that introducing Western-style legal institutions and traditions would play a pivotal role in promoting the rule of law and democratization in post-Soviet societies. Like other post-Soviet states, Uzbekistan has become a ‘laboratory’ for testing various global (Western) good governance and rule of law initiatives. As a result of these interventions, Uzbekistan’s legal system represents a peculiar blend of Western and Soviet legal cultures: Western” from the “law in books” perspective (when we analyze its written laws and regulations) and “Soviet” from the “law in action” perspective (when observing how laws are applied and enacted by state institutions and officials). However, one dormant but highly salient legal order overlooked in the literature on Uzbekistan is the legacy of Islamic legal culture. With this in mind, this article explores the legacy and context of Islamic legal culture in Uzbekistan. I argue that the more the focus moves from state-centered understandings of law to ethnographic analyses of everyday life and micro-level social processes and structures, the more it becomes discernible that Islam serves as a legal order in Uzbekistan. These processes will be explored through the ethnographic study of mahallas (neighborhood communities) in Ferghana, Uzbekistan.
{"title":"Islamic legal culture in Uzbekistan","authors":"Rustamjon Urinboyev","doi":"10.1080/27706869.2023.2269511","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2023.2269511","url":null,"abstract":"There was a widespread euphoria in the 1990s that introducing Western-style legal institutions and traditions would play a pivotal role in promoting the rule of law and democratization in post-Soviet societies. Like other post-Soviet states, Uzbekistan has become a ‘laboratory’ for testing various global (Western) good governance and rule of law initiatives. As a result of these interventions, Uzbekistan’s legal system represents a peculiar blend of Western and Soviet legal cultures: Western” from the “law in books” perspective (when we analyze its written laws and regulations) and “Soviet” from the “law in action” perspective (when observing how laws are applied and enacted by state institutions and officials). However, one dormant but highly salient legal order overlooked in the literature on Uzbekistan is the legacy of Islamic legal culture. With this in mind, this article explores the legacy and context of Islamic legal culture in Uzbekistan. I argue that the more the focus moves from state-centered understandings of law to ethnographic analyses of everyday life and micro-level social processes and structures, the more it becomes discernible that Islam serves as a legal order in Uzbekistan. These processes will be explored through the ethnographic study of mahallas (neighborhood communities) in Ferghana, Uzbekistan.","PeriodicalId":131134,"journal":{"name":"Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis","volume":"115 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-13","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135855078","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-10-11DOI: 10.1080/27706869.2023.2268377
Matthew Venker
AbstractBritish law in colonial Burma separated the legal personhood of imperial subjects by religious status. However, colonial law failed to clarify boundaries around religious categories. This lack of clarity was amplified when the court was forced to consider how to apply Buddhist law between different Buddhist communities, like the Chinese and Burmese. Owing to differences in how marriage, divorce, succession, and other rights are handled in Chinese- versus Burmese legal traditions, recognition as either Chinese or Burmese carried significant weight. Through a historical anthropology of Chinese-Burmese Buddhist family law in colonial Burma, this article argues that the British colonial judiciary’s failure to appreciate connections between Burmese and Chinese Buddhists produced novel legal segregations of mixed communities. Further, this categorical splitting was generated along gendered lines, where judicial acceptance of men’s claims of Chinese separateness disenfranchised native, mixed, and migrant women who sought to foreground their connections to Burma.Keywords: Burmacolonial lawgenderBuddhismSino-Burmese Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 This paper uses the term ‘Burmese’ as a broad descriptor inclusive of both the majority Bamar and other Buddhist majority groups like the Shan and Mon (often termed ‘Talaing’ in colonial-era sources). While these are distinct groups, colonial courts treated them as a unified group of ‘Burmese Buddhists’ who enjoyed the same personal religious law. In all the cases I have reviewed, non-Bamar Burmese, litigants such as Shan or Mon (Talaing), follow the same patterns as Bamar litigants, and do not seek to supplant normative understandings of Burmese Buddhist law with legal entitlements specific to their cultural background.2 In her chapter on the ‘Kalai’ in Burma, Beyer’s work also shows how colonial legal structures can facilitate the production of novel groups in diasporic contexts, though these also require a great deal of work from people within the group that is coming into being, as well (Beyer Citation2023, 138–174).3 To be clear, Ne Win does signal his disdain for South Asians, whom he refers to as ‘kala,’ in this speech, but foregrounds the ta-yoke, Chinese, who he describes sending family members to Singapore, Hong Kong, Australia, and America to smuggle goods out of Burma (Working People’s Daily 1982).4 In re. India, see Derrett 1961; Mallampalli Citation2011; Newbigin Citation2013; Sha (Sharafi, Citation2014). In re. Malaya and the Straits Settlements, see (Hussin, Citation2009); Yahaya, Citation2020.5 It is difficult to conclusively say that the courts viewed the Chinese as simply ‘Buddhists’ before the passage of the Burma Laws Act, though the limited sources that would speak to this question offer support to this proposition. These sources include the 1881 case of Hong Ku and Hock Kung vs Ma Thin, where a lower court judge unceremonio
【摘要】英国在缅甸殖民地的法律以宗教身份区分帝国臣民的法律人格。然而，殖民地法律未能明确宗教类别的界限。当法院被迫考虑如何在不同的佛教社区(如中国和缅甸)之间适用佛教法律时，这种缺乏明确性的情况就被放大了。由于在中国和缅甸的法律传统中，婚姻、离婚、继承和其他权利的处理方式不同，被承认为中国人或缅甸人具有重要意义。通过对缅甸殖民时期中缅佛教家庭法的历史人类学研究，本文认为，英国殖民时期的司法机构未能认识到缅甸和中国佛教徒之间的联系，导致了对混合社区的新的法律隔离。此外，这种绝对的分裂是沿着性别界线产生的，司法部门接受了男性对中国分离的主张，剥夺了那些寻求与缅甸建立联系的本土、混血和移民妇女的权利。关键词:缅甸殖民法律性别佛教中缅披露声明作者未报告潜在的利益冲突。注1本文使用“缅甸人”一词作为一个广泛的描述，包括占多数的缅族和其他佛教占多数的群体，如掸族和孟族(在殖民时代的资料中通常称为“Talaing”)。虽然这些人是不同的群体，但殖民地法院将他们视为一个统一的“缅甸佛教徒”群体，享有同样的个人宗教法。在我审查的所有案例中，非缅族缅甸人，如掸族或孟族(Talaing)等诉讼当事人，遵循与缅族诉讼当事人相同的模式，并且不寻求用特定于其文化背景的法律权利取代对缅甸佛教法律的规范理解在她关于缅甸“Kalai”的章节中，Beyer的作品还展示了殖民法律结构如何促进流散背景下新群体的产生，尽管这也需要来自正在形成的群体中的人们的大量工作(Beyer Citation2023, 138-174)需要明确的是，奈温在演讲中确实表达了他对南亚人的蔑视，他把这些人称为“卡拉”，但他强调了华人，他描述了他们把家人送到新加坡、香港、澳大利亚和美国，从缅甸走私货物(《劳动人民日报》1982年)关于印度，见Derrett 1961;Mallampalli Citation2011;Newbigin Citation2013;(Sharafi, Citation2014)。关于马来亚和海峡殖民地，见(Hussin, Citation2009);很难下结论说，在《缅甸法律法案》通过之前，法院将中国人简单地视为“佛教徒”，尽管有限的资料来源会回答这个问题，为这一主张提供支持。这些来源包括1881年香港Ku和典当龚vs马瘦,一个下级法院法官毫不客气地接受证词的中国移民的混合宗教信仰作为证据之前,他是佛教判决推翻证据的理由,和1897年的马吉安vs Maung苏佤邦,一对中国夫妇向法院和不加批判地接受为缅甸佛教徒(香港Ku和典当龚vs马瘦Citation1881;马吉安和貌素瓦引文(1897)。在这里，我以档案的沉默为例(Decker Citation2013;Thomas and Fowler citation(2017))作为本案的进一步证据。虽然对涉及缅甸华人佛教徒属人法律地位的案件的系统调查显示，在1898年之前只有这两个案件，但在目前的Fone Lan诉Ma Gyee案(Citation1903)开创了中国和缅甸佛教在法律上为其信徒提供不同的属人法律地位的法理学概念之后，数十个案件将立即出现他将“缅甸人”和“缅甸佛教徒”交替使用。又见说明i.7例如，Leong Hone Waing V Leong Ah Foon, II Lower Burma，一九29.8我只在一个中国男人和一个缅甸女人的婚姻关系中遇到过这种动态。
{"title":"Categorical confusions: gender and the colonial construction of the ‘Chinese Buddhist’ in Burma","authors":"Matthew Venker","doi":"10.1080/27706869.2023.2268377","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2023.2268377","url":null,"abstract":"AbstractBritish law in colonial Burma separated the legal personhood of imperial subjects by religious status. However, colonial law failed to clarify boundaries around religious categories. This lack of clarity was amplified when the court was forced to consider how to apply Buddhist law between different Buddhist communities, like the Chinese and Burmese. Owing to differences in how marriage, divorce, succession, and other rights are handled in Chinese- versus Burmese legal traditions, recognition as either Chinese or Burmese carried significant weight. Through a historical anthropology of Chinese-Burmese Buddhist family law in colonial Burma, this article argues that the British colonial judiciary’s failure to appreciate connections between Burmese and Chinese Buddhists produced novel legal segregations of mixed communities. Further, this categorical splitting was generated along gendered lines, where judicial acceptance of men’s claims of Chinese separateness disenfranchised native, mixed, and migrant women who sought to foreground their connections to Burma.Keywords: Burmacolonial lawgenderBuddhismSino-Burmese Disclosure statementNo potential conflict of interest was reported by the author(s).Notes1 This paper uses the term ‘Burmese’ as a broad descriptor inclusive of both the majority Bamar and other Buddhist majority groups like the Shan and Mon (often termed ‘Talaing’ in colonial-era sources). While these are distinct groups, colonial courts treated them as a unified group of ‘Burmese Buddhists’ who enjoyed the same personal religious law. In all the cases I have reviewed, non-Bamar Burmese, litigants such as Shan or Mon (Talaing), follow the same patterns as Bamar litigants, and do not seek to supplant normative understandings of Burmese Buddhist law with legal entitlements specific to their cultural background.2 In her chapter on the ‘Kalai’ in Burma, Beyer’s work also shows how colonial legal structures can facilitate the production of novel groups in diasporic contexts, though these also require a great deal of work from people within the group that is coming into being, as well (Beyer Citation2023, 138–174).3 To be clear, Ne Win does signal his disdain for South Asians, whom he refers to as ‘kala,’ in this speech, but foregrounds the ta-yoke, Chinese, who he describes sending family members to Singapore, Hong Kong, Australia, and America to smuggle goods out of Burma (Working People’s Daily 1982).4 In re. India, see Derrett 1961; Mallampalli Citation2011; Newbigin Citation2013; Sha (Sharafi, Citation2014). In re. Malaya and the Straits Settlements, see (Hussin, Citation2009); Yahaya, Citation2020.5 It is difficult to conclusively say that the courts viewed the Chinese as simply ‘Buddhists’ before the passage of the Burma Laws Act, though the limited sources that would speak to this question offer support to this proposition. These sources include the 1881 case of Hong Ku and Hock Kung vs Ma Thin, where a lower court judge unceremonio","PeriodicalId":131134,"journal":{"name":"Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis","volume":"10 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-10-11","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136211074","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-09-05DOI: 10.1080/27706869.2023.2255006
Abdullah Syamsul Arifin, Muhammad Fauzinudin Faiz, Muhammad Lutfi Hakim
{"title":"Aligning religious law and state law: negotiating legal Muslim marriage in Pasuruan, East Java","authors":"Abdullah Syamsul Arifin, Muhammad Fauzinudin Faiz, Muhammad Lutfi Hakim","doi":"10.1080/27706869.2023.2255006","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2023.2255006","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131134,"journal":{"name":"Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis","volume":"67 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-05","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"114575250","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.1080/27706869.2023.2239589
Kalindi Kokal, Siddharth Peter de Souza
{"title":"Ideas, narratives and experiences. A reflection on legal pluralism and the cause of justice in South Asia","authors":"Kalindi Kokal, Siddharth Peter de Souza","doi":"10.1080/27706869.2023.2239589","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2023.2239589","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131134,"journal":{"name":"Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis","volume":"39 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122648559","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-27DOI: 10.1080/27706869.2023.2241198
Kaden Paulson-Smith
{"title":"Criminal Legalities and Minorities in the Global South: rights and Resistance in a Decolonial World, edited by George B. Radics and Pablo Ciocchini, Cham: Palgrave Macmillan, 2023, xvi + 299 pp., $129.99 (hardcover), ISBN 978-3-031-17917-4, $99 (ebook), ISBN 978-3-031-17918-1","authors":"Kaden Paulson-Smith","doi":"10.1080/27706869.2023.2241198","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2023.2241198","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131134,"journal":{"name":"Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis","volume":"4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-27","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"122212434","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-24DOI: 10.1080/27706869.2023.2240189
R. Sieder
{"title":"Gender, property and politics in the Pacific. Who speaks for land?","authors":"R. Sieder","doi":"10.1080/27706869.2023.2240189","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2023.2240189","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131134,"journal":{"name":"Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis","volume":"30 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"125716152","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-07-17DOI: 10.1080/27706869.2023.2233359
A. Malik
{"title":"The divine in the secular","authors":"A. Malik","doi":"10.1080/27706869.2023.2233359","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2023.2233359","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131134,"journal":{"name":"Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis","volume":"105 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-17","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"124089997","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-24DOI: 10.1080/27706869.2023.2213519
T. Ledvinka, J. Donovan
{"title":"Reading legal ethnographies to re-map legal pluralism: a Pospisilian corrective to the prevailing dichotomous description of Afghanistan’s legal order","authors":"T. Ledvinka, J. Donovan","doi":"10.1080/27706869.2023.2213519","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2023.2213519","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131134,"journal":{"name":"Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis","volume":"19 3-4 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-24","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"132402629","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2023-05-04DOI: 10.1080/27706869.2023.2241268
{"title":"From the editors","authors":"","doi":"10.1080/27706869.2023.2241268","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1080/27706869.2023.2241268","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":131134,"journal":{"name":"Legal Pluralism and Critical Social Analysis","volume":"27 1","pages":"0"},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-05-04","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136375137","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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