Lisianthus has long-lasting, white, blue-purple, velvet or pink flowers. Varieties that can be used in pots, outdoors, or cut flowers are widely used and it is essential to develop new varieties to increase their commercial value. Breeding studies with classical methods can take a long time in lisianthus. Techniques to create variation in these plants and facilitate their reproduction always contribute to shortening the breeding period and one of the best known of these methods is plant tissue culture. This study aimed to investigate the micropropagation possibilities in lisianthus and examine the effects of auxin and cytokinin applications and doses on shoot reproduction. Supplemented with 10 different plant growth regulators in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, leaf explants from lisianthus plants that were germinated under in vitro conditions (seedlings) were cultivated. 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) was utilized in 5 doses (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mg L-1) alone in the first 5 groups. Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) was also added to the BAP mediums at a concentration of 0.5 mg L-1. Shoot formation, shoot lengths, the number of shoots longer and shorter than 1 cm, and regeneration of new shoots after subcultures were determined. According to the results, MS mediums containing 3.0 and 4.0 mg L-1 BAP could be good starting mediums for regenerating new lisianthus shoots from leaf explants. These treatments got the highest values both in shoot formation and the number of shoots longer than 1 cm. It has been determined that 3.0 mg L-1 BAP alone can be used for both organogenesis from leaf explants and shoot proliferation in single node culture. In vitro shoots of the lisianthus species were easily rooted and both PGR-free MS or ½ MS mediums. Lisianthus shoots propagated under in vitro conditions can be rooted under ex vitro conditions both in the float hydroculture and in the soil mixture. The acclimatization stage was optimized also successfully.
{"title":"Micropropagation of Lisianthus [Eustoma grandiflorum (Raf.) Shinn.] Leaf Explants and Single Nodes in Response to Plant Growth Regulators","authors":"Hakan AKTAŞ, Gizem Gökçe AKKAYA, Ebru AKYÜZ ÇAĞDAŞ, Gülden HASPOLAT, Şeküre Şebnem ELLİALTIOĞLU","doi":"10.16882/hortis.1363441","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1363441","url":null,"abstract":"Lisianthus has long-lasting, white, blue-purple, velvet or pink flowers. Varieties that can be used in pots, outdoors, or cut flowers are widely used and it is essential to develop new varieties to increase their commercial value. Breeding studies with classical methods can take a long time in lisianthus. Techniques to create variation in these plants and facilitate their reproduction always contribute to shortening the breeding period and one of the best known of these methods is plant tissue culture. This study aimed to investigate the micropropagation possibilities in lisianthus and examine the effects of auxin and cytokinin applications and doses on shoot reproduction. Supplemented with 10 different plant growth regulators in Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium, leaf explants from lisianthus plants that were germinated under in vitro conditions (seedlings) were cultivated. 6-benzyl aminopurine (BAP) was utilized in 5 doses (0.5, 1.0, 2.0, 3.0, and 4.0 mg L-1) alone in the first 5 groups. Naphthalene acetic acid (NAA) was also added to the BAP mediums at a concentration of 0.5 mg L-1. Shoot formation, shoot lengths, the number of shoots longer and shorter than 1 cm, and regeneration of new shoots after subcultures were determined. According to the results, MS mediums containing 3.0 and 4.0 mg L-1 BAP could be good starting mediums for regenerating new lisianthus shoots from leaf explants. These treatments got the highest values both in shoot formation and the number of shoots longer than 1 cm. It has been determined that 3.0 mg L-1 BAP alone can be used for both organogenesis from leaf explants and shoot proliferation in single node culture. In vitro shoots of the lisianthus species were easily rooted and both PGR-free MS or ½ MS mediums. Lisianthus shoots propagated under in vitro conditions can be rooted under ex vitro conditions both in the float hydroculture and in the soil mixture. The acclimatization stage was optimized also successfully.","PeriodicalId":13139,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"136313954","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The fact that Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) completes its life cycle in a short time reveals the need for continuous pest control. Therefore, pest resistance may occur with the intensive use of chemicals by the growers. In this context, the current sensitivity of F. occidentalis to registered insecticides for carnation (methiocarb, formetanate hydrochloride), registered insecticides for vegetables (azadirachtin, malathion, and spinosad), and unapproved insecticides used extensively by growers needs to be determined. Moreover, it is important to test the chemicals (for example, pyridalyl) used against other pests whose spray period is the same as F. occidentalis. In this study, it was aimed to determine the sensitivity levels of F. occidentalis populations taken from the sites of intensive carnation production in Antalya province in 2018-2020 to these chemicals by the leaf dipping method. As a result of the study, resistance against spinosad (11.00-28.60 times), methiocarb (2.10-2.70 times), malathion (2.05-4.21 times), azadirachtin (3.00-7.00 times), formetanate hydrochloride (1.50-2.00 times) and pyridalyl (2.75-3.89 times) were determined. Given the high resistance to spinosad observed in the study, trials involving the combination of spinosad and formetanate hydrochloride were initiated as a strategy for managing resistance. The resistance against spinosad + formetanate hydrochloride was determined between 4.35 and 9.09 times. Our results suggest that resistance level can be reduced by using resistance management methods such as the use of mixed chemicals, although resistance was detected in all five locations against all active substances.
{"title":"Determination of Insecticide Resistance in Western Flower Thrips [Frankliniella occidentalis (Pergande) (Thysanoptera: Thripidae)] Causing Problems in Carnation Cultivation","authors":"Musa KIRIŞIK, Tuba KAHRAMAN","doi":"10.16882/hortis.1359255","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1359255","url":null,"abstract":"The fact that Frankliniella occidentalis (Thysanoptera: Thripidae) completes its life cycle in a short time reveals the need for continuous pest control. Therefore, pest resistance may occur with the intensive use of chemicals by the growers. In this context, the current sensitivity of F. occidentalis to registered insecticides for carnation (methiocarb, formetanate hydrochloride), registered insecticides for vegetables (azadirachtin, malathion, and spinosad), and unapproved insecticides used extensively by growers needs to be determined. Moreover, it is important to test the chemicals (for example, pyridalyl) used against other pests whose spray period is the same as F. occidentalis. In this study, it was aimed to determine the sensitivity levels of F. occidentalis populations taken from the sites of intensive carnation production in Antalya province in 2018-2020 to these chemicals by the leaf dipping method. As a result of the study, resistance against spinosad (11.00-28.60 times), methiocarb (2.10-2.70 times), malathion (2.05-4.21 times), azadirachtin (3.00-7.00 times), formetanate hydrochloride (1.50-2.00 times) and pyridalyl (2.75-3.89 times) were determined. Given the high resistance to spinosad observed in the study, trials involving the combination of spinosad and formetanate hydrochloride were initiated as a strategy for managing resistance. The resistance against spinosad + formetanate hydrochloride was determined between 4.35 and 9.09 times. Our results suggest that resistance level can be reduced by using resistance management methods such as the use of mixed chemicals, although resistance was detected in all five locations against all active substances.","PeriodicalId":13139,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-09-12","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"135826519","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Diploid Citrus × Poncirus hybrids have significantly contributed to citrus rootstock evaluation. In Türkiye, common sour orange rootstock is used in many different climates and soil conditions at almost 85% of citrus plantations, but this rootstock is susceptible to Citrus tristeza virus disease. This study was conducted to improve new rootstock genotypes by traditional hybridization. Common sour orange (CSO) and Common mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) (CM) were crossed with Troyer citrange (TC) while King mandarin (KM) was crossed with Carrizo citrange (CC). Embryos obtained from crosses were taken on 110, 120 and 130 days after artificial pollination (DAP), and were germinated on MT culture media. The embryos of 120 DAP of combinations had the highest germination rate within CSO×TC, 95.15%; CM×TC, 96.25%; KM×CC, 95.23%. The trifoliate rates for each combination at subculture (CSO×TC, 17.40%; CM×TC, 11.11%; KM×CC; 6.17%) were obtained from 110 DAP embryos. Survival rates of the genotypes were ranged between 72.13% and 90.28% in subculture and varied from 40.17% and 64.71% in the greenhouse. As a result of the ploidy analysis by flow cytometry, the nuclear DNA content of diploid genotypes were found between 0.78 pg/2C and 0.93 pg/2C. One of the genotypes derived from CM×TC hybridization on 120 DAP was determinated as a triploid plant.
{"title":"Improvement of Citrus Rootstock Hybrids Derived by 2x × 2x Intra Crosses with the Aid of Embryo Rescue and Ploidy Detection","authors":"Şenay Kurt, F. Koyuncu","doi":"10.16882/hortis.1343859","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1343859","url":null,"abstract":"Diploid Citrus × Poncirus hybrids have significantly contributed to citrus rootstock evaluation. In Türkiye, common sour orange rootstock is used in many different climates and soil conditions at almost 85% of citrus plantations, but this rootstock is susceptible to Citrus tristeza virus disease. This study was conducted to improve new rootstock genotypes by traditional hybridization. Common sour orange (CSO) and Common mandarin (Citrus deliciosa Ten.) (CM) were crossed with Troyer citrange (TC) while King mandarin (KM) was crossed with Carrizo citrange (CC). Embryos obtained from crosses were taken on 110, 120 and 130 days after artificial pollination (DAP), and were germinated on MT culture media. The embryos of 120 DAP of combinations had the highest germination rate within CSO×TC, 95.15%; CM×TC, 96.25%; KM×CC, 95.23%. The trifoliate rates for each combination at subculture (CSO×TC, 17.40%; CM×TC, 11.11%; KM×CC; 6.17%) were obtained from 110 DAP embryos. Survival rates of the genotypes were ranged between 72.13% and 90.28% in subculture and varied from 40.17% and 64.71% in the greenhouse. As a result of the ploidy analysis by flow cytometry, the nuclear DNA content of diploid genotypes were found between 0.78 pg/2C and 0.93 pg/2C. One of the genotypes derived from CM×TC hybridization on 120 DAP was determinated as a triploid plant.","PeriodicalId":13139,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-14","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"80632068","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
This study aims to determine the effects of mycorrhiza (VAM) applications on vegetative growth, mineral element intake, and some biochemical characteristics of strawberry seedlings grown in lime stress conditions. The experiment was conducted in the pots filled with the lime-added mixture at the rate of 1% and peat perlite at the rate of 1:1 with frigo seeds belonging to the “Albion” strawberry cultivar. In the uprootings performed in three different stages (four-full leafed, blooming, and fruit stages) to examine the biochemical effects of mycorrhiza applications against the lime stress, vegetative growth criteria (leaf chlorophyll and anthocyanin content, area, crown diameter, fresh and dry plant weights) and mineral element contents in the plant parts (leaf, crown, and root) were determined. The proline, total phenolic amount, and lipid peroxidation (MDA) analyses were conducted on the leaf samples taken in these uprooting. In all three stages, an increase in crown diameter and leaf area was determined. In uprooting periods, proline and total phenolic amounts were increased, and, on the other hand, MDA was decreased. Microelement intake, which decreased with the lime application, was detected to be increased with mycorrhiza applications. At the end of the experiment, mycorrhiza application was observed to lessen the effect of lime stress on strawberry seedlings were exposed to.
{"title":"The Effect of the Application of Mycorrhiza on Vegetative Growth, Mineral Element Intake, and Some Biochemical Characteristics of Strawberry Seedlings under Lime Stress","authors":"G. Balcı","doi":"10.16882/hortis.1330523","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1330523","url":null,"abstract":"This study aims to determine the effects of mycorrhiza (VAM) applications on vegetative growth, mineral element intake, and some biochemical characteristics of strawberry seedlings grown in lime stress conditions. The experiment was conducted in the pots filled with the lime-added mixture at the rate of 1% and peat perlite at the rate of 1:1 with frigo seeds belonging to the “Albion” strawberry cultivar. In the uprootings performed in three different stages (four-full leafed, blooming, and fruit stages) to examine the biochemical effects of mycorrhiza applications against the lime stress, vegetative growth criteria (leaf chlorophyll and anthocyanin content, area, crown diameter, fresh and dry plant weights) and mineral element contents in the plant parts (leaf, crown, and root) were determined. The proline, total phenolic amount, and lipid peroxidation (MDA) analyses were conducted on the leaf samples taken in these uprooting. In all three stages, an increase in crown diameter and leaf area was determined. In uprooting periods, proline and total phenolic amounts were increased, and, on the other hand, MDA was decreased. Microelement intake, which decreased with the lime application, was detected to be increased with mycorrhiza applications. At the end of the experiment, mycorrhiza application was observed to lessen the effect of lime stress on strawberry seedlings were exposed to.","PeriodicalId":13139,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-07-20","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"91227869","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Antalya province is the main center of vegetable production in Türkiye. Tomato comes first in terms of crops cultivated under protection. Phytophthora species causing root and collar rot are among the factors negatively affecting tomato yield and quality. This research aimed to determine; the prevalence of root and collar rot of tomatoes grown in Antalya province, and identify Phytophthora species causing disease. During surveys performed in 170 tomato greenhouses, plant and soil samples were taken from the areas where root and crown rot, stem blight, and drying symptoms were observed. Disease prevalence and incidence in the investigated greenhouses were 25.88% and 4.87%, respectively. Phytophthora symptoms were not observed in the greenhouses in Demre and Kepez districts, while the highest disease prevalence was found in Elmalı district with 75%. Eighty of 84 Phytophthora isolates were identified as P. nicotianae and four as P. capsici, according to their cultural, morphological and molecular features. Virulence of 18 selected isolates were determined by using stem inoculation technique and all isolates caused lesions with different lengths on tomato stems. The reactions of 22 tomato genotypes in the gene pool of BATEM against P. nicotianae were also investigated and the genotype DT-15 was found as the most susceptible genotype with the largest lesions, while A-286 was the most resistant genotype. This study formed the basis for further studies on tomato breeding and integrated disease management.
{"title":"Determination of Phytophthora Species Causing Root and Crown Rot on Tomatoes Grown in Antalya Province and Reactions of Some Tomato Genotypes against Phytophthora nicotianae","authors":"E. Gümrükcü, G. Karaca","doi":"10.16882/hortis.1310353","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1310353","url":null,"abstract":"Antalya province is the main center of vegetable production in Türkiye. Tomato comes first in terms of crops cultivated under protection. Phytophthora species causing root and collar rot are among the factors negatively affecting tomato yield and quality. This research aimed to determine; the prevalence of root and collar rot of tomatoes grown in Antalya province, and identify Phytophthora species causing disease. During surveys performed in 170 tomato greenhouses, plant and soil samples were taken from the areas where root and crown rot, stem blight, and drying symptoms were observed. Disease prevalence and incidence in the investigated greenhouses were 25.88% and 4.87%, respectively. Phytophthora symptoms were not observed in the greenhouses in Demre and Kepez districts, while the highest disease prevalence was found in Elmalı district with 75%. Eighty of 84 Phytophthora isolates were identified as P. nicotianae and four as P. capsici, according to their cultural, morphological and molecular features. Virulence of 18 selected isolates were determined by using stem inoculation technique and all isolates caused lesions with different lengths on tomato stems. The reactions of 22 tomato genotypes in the gene pool of BATEM against P. nicotianae were also investigated and the genotype DT-15 was found as the most susceptible genotype with the largest lesions, while A-286 was the most resistant genotype. This study formed the basis for further studies on tomato breeding and integrated disease management.","PeriodicalId":13139,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-06-06","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"86053655","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
I. Celik, Serkan Aydin, Halim Can Kayikçi̇, A. Ünlü, E. Gümrükcü, N. Çelik, Yıldız Doğan, S. M. Sülü
Tomato is one of the most produced vegetables in the world and there are many plant breeding studies that are carried out on this vegetables species. One of the most important aims of tomato breeding is the improvement of fruit quality and yield in both open-field and greenhouse growing conditions. The knowledge of factors with regard to yield is making plant breeders work easier. In the present study, the correlations of some plant characteristics thought to be related to yield and their direct and indirect effects on yield were analyzed. This study was conducted with 14 genotypes in 2020 and a randomized complete block design was employed as an experimental design. The relationship between 12 traits and yield was determined through path coefficient analysis. It was determined that the number of days from first fluorescence time to first fruit set time and Brix value have a directly negative effects on the yield. However, fruit length and early yield have a directly positive effect on the yield. According to the result of this study, in the correlation matrix, the number of days from first fruit set time to fruit ripening, stem length to first flower cluster, stem length, fruit diameter, leaf diameter, leaf length, average fruit yield and number of fruit per plant are insignificant. The obtained results may be utilized potential as selection criteria in the future studies about yield.
{"title":"Evaluation of The Relations between Yield and Yield Components of Tomato (Solanum lycopersicum L.) Hybrids by Correlation and Path Analysis","authors":"I. Celik, Serkan Aydin, Halim Can Kayikçi̇, A. Ünlü, E. Gümrükcü, N. Çelik, Yıldız Doğan, S. M. Sülü","doi":"10.16882/hortis.1283084","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1283084","url":null,"abstract":"Tomato is one of the most produced vegetables in the world and there are many plant breeding studies that are carried out on this vegetables species. One of the most important aims of tomato breeding is the improvement of fruit quality and yield in both open-field and greenhouse growing conditions. The knowledge of factors with regard to yield is making plant breeders work easier. In the present study, the correlations of some plant characteristics thought to be related to yield and their direct and indirect effects on yield were analyzed. This study was conducted with 14 genotypes in 2020 and a randomized complete block design was employed as an experimental design. The relationship between 12 traits and yield was determined through path coefficient analysis. It was determined that the number of days from first fluorescence time to first fruit set time and Brix value have a directly negative effects on the yield. However, fruit length and early yield have a directly positive effect on the yield. According to the result of this study, in the correlation matrix, the number of days from first fruit set time to fruit ripening, stem length to first flower cluster, stem length, fruit diameter, leaf diameter, leaf length, average fruit yield and number of fruit per plant are insignificant. The obtained results may be utilized potential as selection criteria in the future studies about yield.","PeriodicalId":13139,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-21","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"73243916","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Beyzanur Yildiz, Aslıhan ÇİLİNGİR TÜTÜNCÜ, S. Demirkaya, H. Özer, A. Uğur
This study was carried out to determine the effects of different growing media (peat + perlite, cocopeat, hazelnut husk, rock wool) and different humic acid doses (2, 4, and 8 ml L-1) on tomato plant growth. The performance of the seedlings from planting to fruit set was evaluated to determine the growth of the tomato plant. Fort his purpose; stem diameter (mm), plant height (cm), number of leaves, first flowering and first fruit set, total plant dry weight (g), root volume (m3), and relative growth rate (g cm-2 days-1) parameters were examined. According to the results, the highest stem diameter of 15 mm was obtained in the hazelnut husk media at a dose of 4 ml L-1 of humic acid. As a result, while the best root growth was obtained at 2ml L-1 humic acid doses in peat-perlite media, the fastest growth and N (3.33%), P (0.58%) and K (3.91%) content were obtained at 8 ml L-1 humic acid doses in cocopeat media. The best leafing, flowering and fruit set were obtained in cocopeat media with 2 ml L-1 humic acid doses. As a result, the highest relative growth rate (0.064 g cm-2 days-1) at 8 ml L-1 humic acid doses applied in the fastest growing cocopeat media.
研究了不同培养基(泥炭+珍珠岩、椰油、榛子壳、岩棉)和不同腐植酸剂量(2、4、8 ml L-1)对番茄植株生长的影响。对幼苗从种植到坐果的表现进行评价，以确定番茄植株的生长情况。为了他的目的;测定茎粗(mm)、株高(cm)、叶片数、初花和初坐果数、植株总干重(g)、根体积(m3)和相对生长率(g cm-2 days-1)等参数。结果表明，当腐植酸添加量为4 ml L-1时，榛果壳培养基的茎粗可达15 mm。结果表明，在泥炭-橄榄岩培养基中，腐植酸浓度为2ml L-1时根系生长最佳，而在鸡粪培养基中，腐植酸浓度为8ml L-1时根系生长最快，N(3.33%)、P(0.58%)和K(3.91%)含量最高。腐植酸浓度为2 ml -1的cocopin培养基的叶片、开花和坐果效果最佳。结果表明，在生长最快的腐植酸培养基中，施用8 ml L-1的腐植酸时，相对生长率最高(0.064 g cm-2天-1)。
{"title":"The Effects of Different Growing Media and Humic Acid Applications on the Growth of Tomato Plants","authors":"Beyzanur Yildiz, Aslıhan ÇİLİNGİR TÜTÜNCÜ, S. Demirkaya, H. Özer, A. Uğur","doi":"10.16882/hortis.1279147","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1279147","url":null,"abstract":"This study was carried out to determine the effects of different growing media (peat + perlite, cocopeat, hazelnut husk, rock wool) and different humic acid doses (2, 4, and 8 ml L-1) on tomato plant growth. The performance of the seedlings from planting to fruit set was evaluated to determine the growth of the tomato plant. Fort his purpose; stem diameter (mm), plant height (cm), number of leaves, first flowering and first fruit set, total plant dry weight (g), root volume (m3), and relative growth rate (g cm-2 days-1) parameters were examined. According to the results, the highest stem diameter of 15 mm was obtained in the hazelnut husk media at a dose of 4 ml L-1 of humic acid. As a result, while the best root growth was obtained at 2ml L-1 humic acid doses in peat-perlite media, the fastest growth and N (3.33%), P (0.58%) and K (3.91%) content were obtained at 8 ml L-1 humic acid doses in cocopeat media. The best leafing, flowering and fruit set were obtained in cocopeat media with 2 ml L-1 humic acid doses. As a result, the highest relative growth rate (0.064 g cm-2 days-1) at 8 ml L-1 humic acid doses applied in the fastest growing cocopeat media.","PeriodicalId":13139,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"74526933","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
One of the most important problems encountered in the cultivation of cut flower gladiolus is soil-borne diseases and pests. This problem substantially reduces flower yield and quality. Soilless culture is very limited for gladiolus and it has not been studied extensively. The characteristics of the growing media used in soilless culture either directly or indirectly affect yield and quality. Therefore, it is quite essential to determine the appropriate growing media in cut flower cultivation. At the same time good flower production usually depends upon various factors including the type of growing media used. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of two different gladiolus varieties (Gladiolus grandiflorus L. cv. “Purple Flora” and “Ibadan”) and six different growing media (peat+pumice: 1:1, v/v; peat+perlite: 1:1, v/v; rice hull+pumice: 1:2, v/v; coarse sand+peat: 2:1, v/v; soil; and cocopeat) on the some quality parameters of gladiolus in in Batı Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute (BATEM), Antalya, Türkiye. Quality parameters (stem length, flower stem diameter, stem weight, flowering time, number of florest) were significantly (p < 0.01) affected by the different growing media and cultivars. Among the growing media, the earliest flowering time (77.8 days) and the longest stem length (128.0 cm) were determined in peat+perlite, whereas the largest number of florets (15.0 florets spike-1) were recorded in peat+pumice. Regarding the varieties, Purple Flora (84.7 days) flowered earlier than Ibadan (102.7 days), while Ibadan displayed more superior characteristics in terms of the other parameters.
切花剑兰栽培中遇到的最重要的问题之一是土传病虫害。这个问题大大降低了花的产量和质量。剑兰无土栽培的应用十分有限，尚未得到广泛的研究。无土栽培中所用培养基的特性直接或间接地影响产量和品质。因此，在切花栽培中确定适宜的培养基是十分必要的。同时，良好的花卉生产通常取决于各种因素，包括所使用的生长介质的类型。本研究以两个不同的剑兰品种(gladiolus grandflorus L. cv.)为研究对象。“紫色植物”和“伊巴丹”)和六种不同的生长介质(泥炭+浮石:1:1,v/v;泥炭+珍珠岩:1:1,v/v;稻壳+浮石:1:2,v/v;粗砂+泥炭:2:1,v/v;土壤;在土耳其安塔利亚bataiakdeniz农业研究所(BATEM)对剑兰的一些品质参数进行了研究。品质参数(茎长、茎粗、茎重、开花时间、花数)受不同培养基和品种的影响极显著(p < 0.01)。在不同的培养基中，泥炭+珍珠岩的开花时间最早(77.8 d)，茎长最长(128.0 cm)，而泥炭+浮石的小花数最多(15.0小花穗-1)。紫色花(84.7 d)早于伊巴丹花(102.7 d)，而伊巴丹花在其他参数上表现出更强的优势。
{"title":"Assessment of Different Growing Media on Cut Flower Performance of Two Gladiolus (Gladiolus grandiflorus) Cultivars","authors":"Ü. Ö. Karagüzel","doi":"10.16882/hortis.1277794","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1277794","url":null,"abstract":"One of the most important problems encountered in the cultivation of cut flower gladiolus is soil-borne diseases and pests. This problem substantially reduces flower yield and quality. Soilless culture is very limited for gladiolus and it has not been studied extensively. The characteristics of the growing media used in soilless culture either directly or indirectly affect yield and quality. Therefore, it is quite essential to determine the appropriate growing media in cut flower cultivation. At the same time good flower production usually depends upon various factors including the type of growing media used. The present study was conducted to determine the effects of two different gladiolus varieties (Gladiolus grandiflorus L. cv. “Purple Flora” and “Ibadan”) and six different growing media (peat+pumice: 1:1, v/v; peat+perlite: 1:1, v/v; rice hull+pumice: 1:2, v/v; coarse sand+peat: 2:1, v/v; soil; and cocopeat) on the some quality parameters of gladiolus in in Batı Akdeniz Agricultural Research Institute (BATEM), Antalya, Türkiye. Quality parameters (stem length, flower stem diameter, stem weight, flowering time, number of florest) were significantly (p < 0.01) affected by the different growing media and cultivars. Among the growing media, the earliest flowering time (77.8 days) and the longest stem length (128.0 cm) were determined in peat+perlite, whereas the largest number of florets (15.0 florets spike-1) were recorded in peat+pumice. Regarding the varieties, Purple Flora (84.7 days) flowered earlier than Ibadan (102.7 days), while Ibadan displayed more superior characteristics in terms of the other parameters.","PeriodicalId":13139,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-15","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"82002978","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The globe artichoke belongs to the Asteraceae family and has become more and more popular among other vegetables due to its beneficial health-promoting features that are related to bioactive compounds present in leaves. The plant materials have inadequate proportions of valuable bioactive compounds in nature, so researchers are emphasizing on how to enhance their amounts. In vitro techniques with integrated novel practices can be employed to enhance phytochemicals from any plant. The current study aimed to determine and assess valuable bioactive components in 3 artichoke cultivars via callus cultures which were subjected to a treatment of 4 different concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 15.0 mg L-1) of silver nitrate. Results indicated that well-balanced levels of plant growth regulators were necessary for stimulating the callus formation of globe artichoke. The findings of the current study also revealed the importance of cultivar differences regarding callus formation. Experimental results revealed that variation in silver nitrate concentrations had a significant effect on biomass, total phenolic content and total antioxidant activities. The results of the current, study may offer a good strategy by promoting bioactive compounds of globe artichoke leaves for utilizing in large-scale industries, pharmacology, and food supplements.
{"title":"The Use of Silver Nitrate as an Elicitor to Increase Bioactive Compounds in Artichoke [Cynara cardunculus var. scolymus (L.) Fiori] Callus Culture","authors":"Tuğçe Özsan Kılıç, A. Onus","doi":"10.16882/hortis.1264849","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1264849","url":null,"abstract":"The globe artichoke belongs to the Asteraceae family and has become more and more popular among other vegetables due to its beneficial health-promoting features that are related to bioactive compounds present in leaves. The plant materials have inadequate proportions of valuable bioactive compounds in nature, so researchers are emphasizing on how to enhance their amounts. In vitro techniques with integrated novel practices can be employed to enhance phytochemicals from any plant. The current study aimed to determine and assess valuable bioactive components in 3 artichoke cultivars via callus cultures which were subjected to a treatment of 4 different concentrations (2.5, 5.0, 10.0, and 15.0 mg L-1) of silver nitrate. Results indicated that well-balanced levels of plant growth regulators were necessary for stimulating the callus formation of globe artichoke. The findings of the current study also revealed the importance of cultivar differences regarding callus formation. Experimental results revealed that variation in silver nitrate concentrations had a significant effect on biomass, total phenolic content and total antioxidant activities. The results of the current, study may offer a good strategy by promoting bioactive compounds of globe artichoke leaves for utilizing in large-scale industries, pharmacology, and food supplements.","PeriodicalId":13139,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"83188927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Satsuma (Rize Mandarin) is Türkiye's most widely produced and exported mandarin variety. Due to its early ripeness and seedlessness, Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) is a popular citrus fruit in domestic and foreign markets. The present study was conducted at Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture in 2020-2021 to determine the shelf-life of satsuma mandarin genotypes obtained as a result of clone selection carried out in Rize province and its districts. The harvested mandarin variety candidates were pomologically analyzed and stored in an environment containing 15°C ± 1 temperature and 55-60% humidity. The changes in fruit weight (g), fruit yield (%), rind thickness (mm), total soluble solid (%, TSS), and titratable acid (%, TA) content were examined at one-week intervals during the storage period. It was determined that weight loss (%) and TSS (%) increased steadily, while fruit juice content (%), rind thickness (mm), and titratable acid (%) decreased steadily during storage in all genotypes and control. Also, the differences detected in terms of the properties examined were lower on days 7 and 14 than the initial value, whereas they were higher on days 21. As a result of the findings, it was determined that the quality losses of mandarin genotypes showed differences during the shelf-life, but they could be stored for 14 days without much loss in quality.
{"title":"Determination of Shelf-Life of New Satsuma (Rize) Mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) Cultivar Candidates Obtained by Clonal Selection","authors":"K. Yazıcı, Burcu GÖKSU KARAOĞLU, M. Aydın","doi":"10.16882/hortis.1264865","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.16882/hortis.1264865","url":null,"abstract":"Satsuma (Rize Mandarin) is Türkiye's most widely produced and exported mandarin variety. Due to its early ripeness and seedlessness, Satsuma mandarin (Citrus unshiu Marc.) is a popular citrus fruit in domestic and foreign markets. The present study was conducted at Recep Tayyip Erdogan University, Faculty of Agriculture, Department of Horticulture in 2020-2021 to determine the shelf-life of satsuma mandarin genotypes obtained as a result of clone selection carried out in Rize province and its districts. The harvested mandarin variety candidates were pomologically analyzed and stored in an environment containing 15°C ± 1 temperature and 55-60% humidity. The changes in fruit weight (g), fruit yield (%), rind thickness (mm), total soluble solid (%, TSS), and titratable acid (%, TA) content were examined at one-week intervals during the storage period. It was determined that weight loss (%) and TSS (%) increased steadily, while fruit juice content (%), rind thickness (mm), and titratable acid (%) decreased steadily during storage in all genotypes and control. Also, the differences detected in terms of the properties examined were lower on days 7 and 14 than the initial value, whereas they were higher on days 21. As a result of the findings, it was determined that the quality losses of mandarin genotypes showed differences during the shelf-life, but they could be stored for 14 days without much loss in quality.","PeriodicalId":13139,"journal":{"name":"Horticultural Studies","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-01","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"75991562","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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