Muji Rahayu, Tyas Alivia Wulandari, A. T. Sakya, Andriyana Setyawati, Sri Hartati, Samanhudi Samanhudi
Crown flower (Calotropis gigantea (L.)) is a weed plant potentially to be used as raw material for textile fibers yet the utilization is not optimal. Efforts to optimize the utilization of C. gigantea are needed. This research aimed to determine the appropriate concentration of plant growth regulators, including NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) and BA (Benzyl Adenine) to stimulate optimal growth of C. gigantea to be used as the basis for in vitro propagation of C. gigantea. The research was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). Explants were planted on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with various concentrations of NAA (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; and 2 ppm) and BA (0; 1; 2; 3; and 4 ppm). Based on the research result, the addition of 3 ppm BA followed by increasing the concentration of NAA to 1.5 ppm could increase the number of C. gigantea shoots, and giving 1 ppm BA followed by adding 1.5 to 2 ppm NAA increased shoot height. The best plantlet response was found in media with 0 ppm NAA and 4 ppm BA, which could produce an optimal shoot height of 5.9 cm and a large number of shoots of 5.67 shoots. Increasing NAA concentration retarded root formation and reduced the root length and number of leaves, while the medium without NAA gave the earliest root emergence of 11 days after planting, the number of leaves of 20 strands, and the longest root of 10.9 cm. Applying a single substance BA did not accelerate all the variables observed.
{"title":"Application of NAA and BA to Calotropis gigantea (L.) W.T. Aiton in vitro","authors":"Muji Rahayu, Tyas Alivia Wulandari, A. T. Sakya, Andriyana Setyawati, Sri Hartati, Samanhudi Samanhudi","doi":"10.22146/ipas.83664","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.83664","url":null,"abstract":"Crown flower (Calotropis gigantea (L.)) is a weed plant potentially to be used as raw material for textile fibers yet the utilization is not optimal. Efforts to optimize the utilization of C. gigantea are needed. This research aimed to determine the appropriate concentration of plant growth regulators, including NAA (Naphthalene Acetic Acid) and BA (Benzyl Adenine) to stimulate optimal growth of C. gigantea to be used as the basis for in vitro propagation of C. gigantea. The research was arranged in a completely randomized design (CRD). Explants were planted on Murashige and Skoog (MS) medium with various concentrations of NAA (0; 0.5; 1; 1.5; and 2 ppm) and BA (0; 1; 2; 3; and 4 ppm). Based on the research result, the addition of 3 ppm BA followed by increasing the concentration of NAA to 1.5 ppm could increase the number of C. gigantea shoots, and giving 1 ppm BA followed by adding 1.5 to 2 ppm NAA increased shoot height. The best plantlet response was found in media with 0 ppm NAA and 4 ppm BA, which could produce an optimal shoot height of 5.9 cm and a large number of shoots of 5.67 shoots. Increasing NAA concentration retarded root formation and reduced the root length and number of leaves, while the medium without NAA gave the earliest root emergence of 11 days after planting, the number of leaves of 20 strands, and the longest root of 10.9 cm. Applying a single substance BA did not accelerate all the variables observed.","PeriodicalId":13282,"journal":{"name":"Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"42209144","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Cahyo Wulandari, N. W. Yuwono, Yudhistira Galang Pravasta, Sri Lestari
Basil is a plant that can be cultivated in Psamment (coastal sandy soil). Basil requires nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S), so the N-S balance is needed to obtain optimal results. Psamment contains low colloid, causing nutrients to be barely bound and easily lost. Zeolite and biochar can be a solution. This study aimed to determine the composition and frequency of fertilization, as well as the use of soil amendment for basil growth. This research consisted of two interrelated studies arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design. The research was conducted in Bugel, Panjatan, Kulon Progo, and the analysis was performed at the Soil Department Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada. The first study consisted of two factors, namely Urea-ZA composition (0:0, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10, and 100:0) and frequency of fertilization (every 1 and 2 weeks). The application of Urea-ZA (80:20) gave the best fresh-dry weight, N-S content, and N-S uptake of basil, and this result was used as the reference for the second study. The second study consisted of two factors, namely Urea-ZA fertilizer doses (50%, 75%, and 100%), and types and doses of soil amendment (without amendment, zeolite 7.5 t/ha, zeolite 15 t/ha; biochar 7.5 t/ha, and biochar 15 t/ha). It can be concluded that soil amendments application improved the chemical properties of psamment, fresh-dry weight, N-S content, and N-S uptake of basil. Furthermore, biochar and zeolite could increase the effectiveness of fertilization, so the dose of Urea-ZA fertilizer could be reduced until 50%.
{"title":"Improving basil productivity in coastal sandy soil Yogyakarta by balanced Urea-ZA (N-S) fertilizers and application of soil amendment to increase fertilization effectiveness","authors":"Cahyo Wulandari, N. W. Yuwono, Yudhistira Galang Pravasta, Sri Lestari","doi":"10.22146/ipas.83506","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.83506","url":null,"abstract":"Basil is a plant that can be cultivated in Psamment (coastal sandy soil). Basil requires nitrogen (N) and sulfur (S), so the N-S balance is needed to obtain optimal results. Psamment contains low colloid, causing nutrients to be barely bound and easily lost. Zeolite and biochar can be a solution. This study aimed to determine the composition and frequency of fertilization, as well as the use of soil amendment for basil growth. This research consisted of two interrelated studies arranged in a Randomized Complete Block Design. The research was conducted in Bugel, Panjatan, Kulon Progo, and the analysis was performed at the Soil Department Laboratory, Faculty of Agriculture, Universitas Gadjah Mada. The first study consisted of two factors, namely Urea-ZA composition (0:0, 60:40, 70:30, 80:20, 90:10, and 100:0) and frequency of fertilization (every 1 and 2 weeks). The application of Urea-ZA (80:20) gave the best fresh-dry weight, N-S content, and N-S uptake of basil, and this result was used as the reference for the second study. The second study consisted of two factors, namely Urea-ZA fertilizer doses (50%, 75%, and 100%), and types and doses of soil amendment (without amendment, zeolite 7.5 t/ha, zeolite 15 t/ha; biochar 7.5 t/ha, and biochar 15 t/ha). It can be concluded that soil amendments application improved the chemical properties of psamment, fresh-dry weight, N-S content, and N-S uptake of basil. Furthermore, biochar and zeolite could increase the effectiveness of fertilization, so the dose of Urea-ZA fertilizer could be reduced until 50%.","PeriodicalId":13282,"journal":{"name":"Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"44007872","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
An ameliorant is a chemical that can be used to improve soil fertility. The improving agents include dolomite and steel slag. Steel slag is a by-product of the steel industry containing CaCO3, SiO2, CaSiO3, and MgO, which can be used to improve the growth and yield of rice plants. Dolomite, on the other hand, is a limestone rock containing MgO and CaO, which is useful in agricultural soils. This study aimed to determine the types and doses of ameliorants affecting the growth and yield of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). The research was carried out at Sukadana Village, Ciomas Serang-Banten District. A non-factorial Group Randomized Design with seven treatments was employed in this investigation. The treatments include P0 = No treatment (control), P1 = 2 t/ha of dolomite, P2 = 2 t/ha of dolomite + 2.5 t/ha of steel slag, P3 = 1.5 t/ha of steel slag, P4 = 2.5 t/ha of steel slag, P5 = 5 t/ha of steel slag, and P6 = 7.5 t/ha of steel slag. Observation was made on steel slag characterization, plant height, the total number of tillers, the weight of 1000 grains, the amount of grain per clump, and the weight of dry-milled grain. The results showed that applying dolomite at 2 t/ha and steel slag at 2.5 t/ha could increase the weight of 1000 grains of rice, and applying steel slag at 1.5 t/ha could enhance the amount of grain per clump.
{"title":"Effects of ameliorant application on the growth and yield of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.)","authors":"Arini Alfi Farhati, Dewi Firnia, A. Laila","doi":"10.22146/ipas.82434","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.82434","url":null,"abstract":"An ameliorant is a chemical that can be used to improve soil fertility. The improving agents include dolomite and steel slag. Steel slag is a by-product of the steel industry containing CaCO3, SiO2, CaSiO3, and MgO, which can be used to improve the growth and yield of rice plants. Dolomite, on the other hand, is a limestone rock containing MgO and CaO, which is useful in agricultural soils. This study aimed to determine the types and doses of ameliorants affecting the growth and yield of rice plants (Oryza sativa L.). The research was carried out at Sukadana Village, Ciomas Serang-Banten District. A non-factorial Group Randomized Design with seven treatments was employed in this investigation. The treatments include P0 = No treatment (control), P1 = 2 t/ha of dolomite, P2 = 2 t/ha of dolomite + 2.5 t/ha of steel slag, P3 = 1.5 t/ha of steel slag, P4 = 2.5 t/ha of steel slag, P5 = 5 t/ha of steel slag, and P6 = 7.5 t/ha of steel slag. Observation was made on steel slag characterization, plant height, the total number of tillers, the weight of 1000 grains, the amount of grain per clump, and the weight of dry-milled grain. The results showed that applying dolomite at 2 t/ha and steel slag at 2.5 t/ha could increase the weight of 1000 grains of rice, and applying steel slag at 1.5 t/ha could enhance the amount of grain per clump.","PeriodicalId":13282,"journal":{"name":"Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"45002616","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
The simultaneous use of additive main and multiplicative interaction effects (AMMI) and best linear unbiased predictors (BLUP) has been reflected in the multi-location evaluation of trials for number of crops. The additional advantages of both these approaches would be combined in superiority index (SI) to have an edge over the commonly used approaches. The promising wheat genotypes had been considered under multi location trails in Peninsular zone of India during the cropping seasons of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. The highly significant environmental effects contributed 44.1% & 35.3% of total sum of squares in the AMMI analysis, 20.6% & 26.2% were augmented by G × E interaction, while 10.8% & 7.5% were contributed by the genotypes.Wheat genotypes of UAS3001, MACS6222, GW322, and DDW48 expressed their superiority in BLUP values. Superiority indexes and adaptability measures had identified WHD964 and DDW48 genotypes for the second year of study. More than 75% variations among the considered measures were due to the first two interaction principal components (IPCA’s) under Biplot analysis. Number of superiority index measures were clustered with adaptability measures in the same quadrant. Superiority index, the weighted measure of yield and consistent performance of genotypes would be more appropriate for stability and adaptabilities studies.
{"title":"Performance assessment of wheat genotypes based on the superiority index using additive main and multiplicative interaction effects and BLUP analysis","authors":"A. Verma, G. Singh","doi":"10.22146/ipas.77761","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.77761","url":null,"abstract":"The simultaneous use of additive main and multiplicative interaction effects (AMMI) and best linear unbiased predictors (BLUP) has been reflected in the multi-location evaluation of trials for number of crops. The additional advantages of both these approaches would be combined in superiority index (SI) to have an edge over the commonly used approaches. The promising wheat genotypes had been considered under multi location trails in Peninsular zone of India during the cropping seasons of 2018-2019 and 2019-2020. The highly significant environmental effects contributed 44.1% & 35.3% of total sum of squares in the AMMI analysis, 20.6% & 26.2% were augmented by G × E interaction, while 10.8% & 7.5% were contributed by the genotypes.Wheat genotypes of UAS3001, MACS6222, GW322, and DDW48 expressed their superiority in BLUP values. Superiority indexes and adaptability measures had identified WHD964 and DDW48 genotypes for the second year of study. More than 75% variations among the considered measures were due to the first two interaction principal components (IPCA’s) under Biplot analysis. Number of superiority index measures were clustered with adaptability measures in the same quadrant. Superiority index, the weighted measure of yield and consistent performance of genotypes would be more appropriate for stability and adaptabilities studies.","PeriodicalId":13282,"journal":{"name":"Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-08-28","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49662077","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
R. Rusdiana, Halimatus Sa'diyah, Vega Kartika Sari, Kacung Hariyono, S. Hartatik
This study aimed to select the most informative morphological descriptors in characterizing and distinguishing papaya accessions in Jember. The multivariate analysis was used to i) determine the closeness between the papaya accessions collected based on morphology descriptors and ii) define a list of sufficient minimum descriptors to distinguish papaya accessions in Jember. Five quantitative and fifteen qualitative descriptors were used in evaluating 23 accessions. The data collected through quantitative descriptors were analyzed by the means of PCAbiplot analysis and qualitative descriptors were analyzed using entropy level. Statistical analysis was carried out by R studio software using two packages, i.e. biotools and factoextra packages. Based on the research results, the first two principal components of the PCAbiplot representation of 23 accessions were able to evaluate 67.18% of the total variability. The accessions located in KALSUK, GUMPUR 1, and GUMPUR 2 had similarities in tree diameter and width of mature leaf characters, while KALPLA, MUMSUM 1, LEDSLA, MUMLEN 1, SUMRO 2, and SUMJAM accessions shared similarities in the length of mature leaf, petiole, and peduncle. The minimum descriptors that could be used to characterize papaya plant accessions in Jember were two quantitative descriptors (tree diameter and length of mature leaf) and three qualitative descriptors (general shape of mature leaf teeth, height to first fruit, and stem color). The combination of quantitativequalitative descriptors allowed the simple and rapid characterization of papaya accession. In addition, it could reduce costs and labor without losing information in the characterization of papaya plants.
{"title":"Morphological characterization of papaya accessions in Jember through multivariate analysis","authors":"R. Rusdiana, Halimatus Sa'diyah, Vega Kartika Sari, Kacung Hariyono, S. Hartatik","doi":"10.22146/ipas.80175","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.80175","url":null,"abstract":"This study aimed to select the most informative morphological descriptors in characterizing and distinguishing papaya accessions in Jember. The multivariate analysis was used to i) determine the closeness between the papaya accessions collected based on morphology descriptors and ii) define a list of sufficient minimum descriptors to distinguish papaya accessions in Jember. Five quantitative and fifteen qualitative descriptors were used in evaluating 23 accessions. The data collected through quantitative descriptors were analyzed by the means of PCAbiplot analysis and qualitative descriptors were analyzed using entropy level. Statistical analysis was carried out by R studio software using two packages, i.e. biotools and factoextra packages. Based on the research results, the first two principal components of the PCAbiplot representation of 23 accessions were able to evaluate 67.18% of the total variability. The accessions located in KALSUK, GUMPUR 1, and GUMPUR 2 had similarities in tree diameter and width of mature leaf characters, while KALPLA, MUMSUM 1, LEDSLA, MUMLEN 1, SUMRO 2, and SUMJAM accessions shared similarities in the length of mature leaf, petiole, and peduncle. The minimum descriptors that could be used to characterize papaya plant accessions in Jember were two quantitative descriptors (tree diameter and length of mature leaf) and three qualitative descriptors (general shape of mature leaf teeth, height to first fruit, and stem color). The combination of quantitativequalitative descriptors allowed the simple and rapid characterization of papaya accession. In addition, it could reduce costs and labor without losing information in the characterization of papaya plants.","PeriodicalId":13282,"journal":{"name":"Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48932443","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
D. Roeswitawati, Zamzami Faizal Ahmad, M. Machmudi
One of the aquatic weeds inhibiting agricultural production is hydrilla. The plants are simply removed not far from the bunds to prevent them from competing with cultivated plants. However, hydrilla can be used to improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. As an indicator of production, chili plants were planted in the trial field in Purworejo Village, Ngantang Sub-district, Malang District from October 2020 to January 2021 to test the dose of hydrilla compost. The treatments tested consisted of hydrilla compost doses of 5 t.ha⁻¹ (P₁), 10 t.ha⁻¹ (P₂), 15 t.ha⁻¹ (P₃), and 20 t.ha⁻¹ (P₄), and NPK (16:16:16) inorganic fertilizer dose of 250 kg.ha⁻¹ (P₅) as control. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Analysis of variance showed no significant difference (F<0.05) in the number of flower results. Meanwhile, there was a significant effect on the number of fruits, fruit weight, and percentage of flowers into fruits (F>0.05). Hydrilla compost contained 17.3% organic C element, while the inorganic fertilizer contained 4.27%. Hydrilla compost contained decomposing microorganisms, including Pseudomonas luorescent group, Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. The optimum dose of hydrilla compost for chili plants is 20 t.ha⁻¹.
{"title":"The role of hydrilla (Hydrilla verticillata (L.f.) Royle) as soil protectant in improving soil physical, chemical, and biological properties","authors":"D. Roeswitawati, Zamzami Faizal Ahmad, M. Machmudi","doi":"10.22146/ipas.76121","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.76121","url":null,"abstract":"One of the aquatic weeds inhibiting agricultural production is hydrilla. The plants are simply removed not far from the bunds to prevent them from competing with cultivated plants. However, hydrilla can be used to improve the physical, chemical, and biological properties of the soil. As an indicator of production, chili plants were planted in the trial field in Purworejo Village, Ngantang Sub-district, Malang District from October 2020 to January 2021 to test the dose of hydrilla compost. The treatments tested consisted of hydrilla compost doses of 5 t.ha⁻¹ (P₁), 10 t.ha⁻¹ (P₂), 15 t.ha⁻¹ (P₃), and 20 t.ha⁻¹ (P₄), and NPK (16:16:16) inorganic fertilizer dose of 250 kg.ha⁻¹ (P₅) as control. The experiment was arranged in a randomized block design with three replications. Analysis of variance showed no significant difference (F<0.05) in the number of flower results. Meanwhile, there was a significant effect on the number of fruits, fruit weight, and percentage of flowers into fruits (F>0.05). Hydrilla compost contained 17.3% organic C element, while the inorganic fertilizer contained 4.27%. Hydrilla compost contained decomposing microorganisms, including Pseudomonas luorescent group, Trichoderma sp., Aspergillus sp. and Penicillium sp. The optimum dose of hydrilla compost for chili plants is 20 t.ha⁻¹.","PeriodicalId":13282,"journal":{"name":"Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43068057","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Current land management is a challenge for wetlands vertisol soil types, especially on the rice production, which often clashes with future soil quality. This study aimed to obtain optimal performance of rice growth and physical and chemical properties of vertisol soil on various tillage systems. The study was carried out in the vertisol rice fields of Batu Bolong sub-village, Ungga village, Southwest Praya District, Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara during the second growing season (March-October) in 2021. The experimental design was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design consisting of three levels of: no-tillage as T1, minimum tillage as T2, and maximum tillage as T3, with each treatment being repeated five times. The use of production inputs and infrastructure was uniform in all experimental plots. The results showed that T2 treatment had some of the best parameters for rice growth and yield as well as the physical and chemical properties of the land. Plant height and number of tillers at T2 were significantly more maximal in observing the vegetative phase. The dry weight of 1000 grains and rice productivity from the highest were respectively T2 > T1 > T3. The physical and chemical parameters of the soil also showed the same order. Thus, it can be said that minimum tillage is the best tillage system to obtain the growth and yield of rice in the second growing season and the most optimal physical and chemical properties of vertisol soil.
{"title":"Minimum tillage on vertisols lowland increases rice production and soil properties","authors":"F. Zulhaedar, M. Nurudin, E. Hanudin","doi":"10.22146/ipas.75314","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.75314","url":null,"abstract":"Current land management is a challenge for wetlands vertisol soil types, especially on the rice production, which often clashes with future soil quality. This study aimed to obtain optimal performance of rice growth and physical and chemical properties of vertisol soil on various tillage systems. The study was carried out in the vertisol rice fields of Batu Bolong sub-village, Ungga village, Southwest Praya District, Central Lombok Regency, West Nusa Tenggara during the second growing season (March-October) in 2021. The experimental design was arranged in a Completely Randomized Design consisting of three levels of: no-tillage as T1, minimum tillage as T2, and maximum tillage as T3, with each treatment being repeated five times. The use of production inputs and infrastructure was uniform in all experimental plots. The results showed that T2 treatment had some of the best parameters for rice growth and yield as well as the physical and chemical properties of the land. Plant height and number of tillers at T2 were significantly more maximal in observing the vegetative phase. The dry weight of 1000 grains and rice productivity from the highest were respectively T2 > T1 > T3. The physical and chemical parameters of the soil also showed the same order. Thus, it can be said that minimum tillage is the best tillage system to obtain the growth and yield of rice in the second growing season and the most optimal physical and chemical properties of vertisol soil.","PeriodicalId":13282,"journal":{"name":"Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"41863556","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Qaanitatul Hakim Ipaulle, D. Indradewa, S. N. R. Irwan
The production of jali (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) under stress can be increased by the application of a soil enhancer, called rice husk charcoal. This study aimed to determine the effect of rice husk charcoal on the yield of jali plants under drought stress and to determine the minimum soil water content from the interval time of watering to ensure that plants can still produce grains. The treatment (interval time watering and weight of rice husk charcoal) was arranged in a split-plot design. The main plot was the interval time of watering, consisting of 3 levels: every two days, every four days, and every six days. The weight of rice husk charcoal as sub-plots consisted of 3 levels: 0 t ha⁻¹, 10 t ha⁻¹, and 20 t ha⁻¹. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and further tested using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that rice husk charcoal could not increase the yield of jali plant under drought stress. Jali plants could still produce grains at a watering interval time of every six days with a minimum soil moisture content of 11.85%, or equivalent to 35.54% of field capacity.
{"title":"Effects of rice husk charcoal on the resistance of Jali (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) to drought stress during generative phase","authors":"Qaanitatul Hakim Ipaulle, D. Indradewa, S. N. R. Irwan","doi":"10.22146/ipas.75079","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.75079","url":null,"abstract":"The production of jali (Coix lacryma-jobi L.) under stress can be increased by the application of a soil enhancer, called rice husk charcoal. This study aimed to determine the effect of rice husk charcoal on the yield of jali plants under drought stress and to determine the minimum soil water content from the interval time of watering to ensure that plants can still produce grains. The treatment (interval time watering and weight of rice husk charcoal) was arranged in a split-plot design. The main plot was the interval time of watering, consisting of 3 levels: every two days, every four days, and every six days. The weight of rice husk charcoal as sub-plots consisted of 3 levels: 0 t ha⁻¹, 10 t ha⁻¹, and 20 t ha⁻¹. The data were analyzed using analysis of variance (ANOVA) and further tested using Duncan Multiple Range Test (DMRT) at a significance level of 5%. The results showed that rice husk charcoal could not increase the yield of jali plant under drought stress. Jali plants could still produce grains at a watering interval time of every six days with a minimum soil moisture content of 11.85%, or equivalent to 35.54% of field capacity.","PeriodicalId":13282,"journal":{"name":"Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"48623102","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Febery Hery Suandana, Cahyoadi Bowo, S. Soeparjono
The availability of irrigation water during the growing season reflects on the potential yield at the end of the peanuts’ growing season. Monitoring water availability is essential to optimize production. This study aimed to identify the effect of irrigation water on peanuts (Arachis hypogaea (L.) Merr.) under various irrigation conditions between actual and simulated AquaCrop. The research was conducted in the experimental field utilizing four irrigation treatments which were 60%, 80%, 100% of field capacity (FC), and standard irrigation. The correlation results between the actual and simulated ones showed that the R2 value was 0.974–0.990 for the canopy cover parameter, 0.026–0.534 for ETc, and 0.542-0.554 for production. Comparison between actual and simulated AquaCrop showed Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values of 5.08–9.74 for canopy cover parameters, 1.11–3.12 for ETc, and 0.82–1.09 for production. Welch test statistical analysis indicated values of 2.31–5.52 for plant biomass and 0.04–3.98 for dry pod yields. The AquaCrop simulation accurately predicted canopy cover at 80% irrigation treatment compared to 60%, 100%, and standard irrigation treatments. Parameter of ETc in AquaCrop simulations showed inaccurate predictions for biomass production and pod dry weight when compared with actual results on all irrigation treatments.
{"title":"Effect of deficit irrigation on the growth and yield of peanuts (Arachis hypogaea (L.) Merr.) compared to AquaCrop model simulation","authors":"Febery Hery Suandana, Cahyoadi Bowo, S. Soeparjono","doi":"10.22146/ipas.77304","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.77304","url":null,"abstract":"The availability of irrigation water during the growing season reflects on the potential yield at the end of the peanuts’ growing season. Monitoring water availability is essential to optimize production. This study aimed to identify the effect of irrigation water on peanuts (Arachis hypogaea (L.) Merr.) under various irrigation conditions between actual and simulated AquaCrop. The research was conducted in the experimental field utilizing four irrigation treatments which were 60%, 80%, 100% of field capacity (FC), and standard irrigation. The correlation results between the actual and simulated ones showed that the R2 value was 0.974–0.990 for the canopy cover parameter, 0.026–0.534 for ETc, and 0.542-0.554 for production. Comparison between actual and simulated AquaCrop showed Root Mean Square Error (RMSE) values of 5.08–9.74 for canopy cover parameters, 1.11–3.12 for ETc, and 0.82–1.09 for production. Welch test statistical analysis indicated values of 2.31–5.52 for plant biomass and 0.04–3.98 for dry pod yields. The AquaCrop simulation accurately predicted canopy cover at 80% irrigation treatment compared to 60%, 100%, and standard irrigation treatments. Parameter of ETc in AquaCrop simulations showed inaccurate predictions for biomass production and pod dry weight when compared with actual results on all irrigation treatments.","PeriodicalId":13282,"journal":{"name":"Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"49390853","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Resti Utari Wahyudi, Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra, D. Indradewa
The ring budding technique gave a higher suitability for rejuvenation of cocoa plants compared to side cleft grafting it can be combined with the use of superior clones for optimal production. However, information related to this is still limited. The research aimed to determine the effects of ring budding technique on yield components and yields of three types of superior cocoa clones. The experiment was arranged in a Nested Design. The first factor is the type of vegetative propagation technique, consisting of side cleft grafting and ring budding. The second factor was clones, which consisted of clones KKM 22, RCC 70 and RCC 71. Clones were nested in vegetative propagation. The research was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021 at the Pagilaran Company. Observations were made on several yield component variables. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) at the 5%. The results showed that the number of pods and the weight of beans per cocoa stand were significantly higher in the ring budding technique than the side cleft grafting. This condition caused the dry bean weight per hectare much higher as well. The three cacao clones, which were rejuvenated by ring budding, gave a good response and high yields. Meanwhile, only KKM 2 gave good response and high yield after treated with side cleft grafting technique, while RCC 70 and RCC 71 clones gave low yields. The KKM 22 clone is the best option in terms of rehabilitation with ring budding and side cleft grafting.
{"title":"Yield and yield components of superior cocoa (Theobroma cocoa L.) clones rejuvenated by ring budding technique","authors":"Resti Utari Wahyudi, Eka Tarwaca Susila Putra, D. Indradewa","doi":"10.22146/ipas.71385","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.22146/ipas.71385","url":null,"abstract":"The ring budding technique gave a higher suitability for rejuvenation of cocoa plants compared to side cleft grafting it can be combined with the use of superior clones for optimal production. However, information related to this is still limited. The research aimed to determine the effects of ring budding technique on yield components and yields of three types of superior cocoa clones. The experiment was arranged in a Nested Design. The first factor is the type of vegetative propagation technique, consisting of side cleft grafting and ring budding. The second factor was clones, which consisted of clones KKM 22, RCC 70 and RCC 71. Clones were nested in vegetative propagation. The research was conducted from September 2020 to January 2021 at the Pagilaran Company. Observations were made on several yield component variables. The data were analyzed using Analysis of Variance (ANOVA) and continued with the Least Significant Difference Test (LSD) at the 5%. The results showed that the number of pods and the weight of beans per cocoa stand were significantly higher in the ring budding technique than the side cleft grafting. This condition caused the dry bean weight per hectare much higher as well. The three cacao clones, which were rejuvenated by ring budding, gave a good response and high yields. Meanwhile, only KKM 2 gave good response and high yield after treated with side cleft grafting technique, while RCC 70 and RCC 71 clones gave low yields. The KKM 22 clone is the best option in terms of rehabilitation with ring budding and side cleft grafting.","PeriodicalId":13282,"journal":{"name":"Ilmu Pertanian (Agricultural Science)","volume":null,"pages":null},"PeriodicalIF":0.0,"publicationDate":"2023-04-18","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"43603223","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":0,"RegionCategory":"","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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