Pub Date : 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1109/lwc.2025.3649565
Lifang He, Yansong Xue, Xinggen Wu
{"title":"Multiple Time Slot Index and Code Index Applied to DCSK Systems -More Full Utilization of Time Slot Index","authors":"Lifang He, Yansong Xue, Xinggen Wu","doi":"10.1109/lwc.2025.3649565","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3649565","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13343,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","volume":"34 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894920","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-30DOI: 10.1109/LWC.2025.3649732
Vaibhav Kumar;Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos;Pandelis Kourtessis;John Senior;Marwa Chafii;Dimitra I. Kaklamani;Iakovos S. Venieris
Flexible intelligent metasurface (FIM) is a recently developed, groundbreaking hardware technology with promising potential for 6G wireless systems. Unlike conventional rigid antenna array (RAA)-based transmitters, FIM-assisted transmitters can dynamically alter their physical surface through morphing, offering new degrees of freedom to enhance system performance. In this letter, we depart from prior works that rely on instantaneous channel state information (CSI) and instead address the problem of average sum spectral efficiency maximization under statistical CSI in a FIM-assisted downlink multiuser multiple-input single-output setting. To this end, we first derive the spatial correlation matrix for the FIM-aided transmitter, and then propose an iterative FIM optimization algorithm based on the gradient projection method. Simulation results show that with statistical CSI, the FIM-aided system provides a significant performance gain over its RAA-based counterpart in scenarios with strong spatial channel correlation, whereas the gain diminishes when the channels are weakly correlated.
{"title":"Flexible Intelligent Metasurface for Downlink Communications Under Statistical CSI","authors":"Vaibhav Kumar;Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos;Pandelis Kourtessis;John Senior;Marwa Chafii;Dimitra I. Kaklamani;Iakovos S. Venieris","doi":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3649732","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3649732","url":null,"abstract":"Flexible intelligent metasurface (FIM) is a recently developed, groundbreaking hardware technology with promising potential for 6G wireless systems. Unlike conventional rigid antenna array (RAA)-based transmitters, FIM-assisted transmitters can dynamically alter their physical surface through morphing, offering new degrees of freedom to enhance system performance. In this letter, we depart from prior works that rely on instantaneous channel state information (CSI) and instead address the problem of average sum spectral efficiency maximization under statistical CSI in a FIM-assisted downlink multiuser multiple-input single-output setting. To this end, we first derive the spatial correlation matrix for the FIM-aided transmitter, and then propose an iterative FIM optimization algorithm based on the gradient projection method. Simulation results show that with statistical CSI, the FIM-aided system provides a significant performance gain over its RAA-based counterpart in scenarios with strong spatial channel correlation, whereas the gain diminishes when the channels are weakly correlated.","PeriodicalId":13343,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","volume":"15 ","pages":"1150-1154"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-30","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894927","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1109/lwc.2025.3649381
Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos, Ioannis Bartsiokas, Dimitra I. Kaklamani, Iakovos S. Venieris
{"title":"On the Ergodic Capacity for SIM-Aided Holographic MIMO Communications","authors":"Anastasios Papazafeiropoulos, Ioannis Bartsiokas, Dimitra I. Kaklamani, Iakovos S. Venieris","doi":"10.1109/lwc.2025.3649381","DOIUrl":"https://doi.org/10.1109/lwc.2025.3649381","url":null,"abstract":"","PeriodicalId":13343,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","volume":"3 1","pages":"1-1"},"PeriodicalIF":6.3,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894931","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
In this letter, we explore the application of ambient backscatter communication combined with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in short-packet transmission systems for high-mobility vehicle-to-everything scenarios. In this system, a roadside unit (RSU) transmits superimposed signals to a typical NOMA user pair, while a backscatter device (BD) reflects and modulates the existing signal to convey its own information. Considering the rate loss caused by finite blocklength transmission, we formulate a resource optimization problem to maximize the system sum rate by jointly optimizing the RSU’s power allocation, the BD’s reflection efficiency, and the blocklength allocation. To efficiently solve the non-convex problem, we decompose it into two subproblems and develop an alternating optimization framework, in which each subproblem is addressed using the successive convex approximation method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms both the unoptimized baseline and the NOMA scheme in terms of transmission rate.
{"title":"Joint Resource Optimization for Short-Packet AmBC-NOMA in High-Mobility V2X Scenarios","authors":"Qianhui Wang;Xinyue Pei;Xuewen Luo;Xingwei Wang;Yuankun Tang;Yingyang Chen","doi":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3649262","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3649262","url":null,"abstract":"In this letter, we explore the application of ambient backscatter communication combined with non-orthogonal multiple access (NOMA) in short-packet transmission systems for high-mobility vehicle-to-everything scenarios. In this system, a roadside unit (RSU) transmits superimposed signals to a typical NOMA user pair, while a backscatter device (BD) reflects and modulates the existing signal to convey its own information. Considering the rate loss caused by finite blocklength transmission, we formulate a resource optimization problem to maximize the system sum rate by jointly optimizing the RSU’s power allocation, the BD’s reflection efficiency, and the blocklength allocation. To efficiently solve the non-convex problem, we decompose it into two subproblems and develop an alternating optimization framework, in which each subproblem is addressed using the successive convex approximation method. Simulation results demonstrate that the proposed scheme outperforms both the unoptimized baseline and the NOMA scheme in terms of transmission rate.","PeriodicalId":13343,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","volume":"15 ","pages":"1135-1139"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894930","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1109/LWC.2025.3649422
Wentao Wang;Yulong Gao
Jamming Detection and Parameter Estimation (JDPE) is critical for anti-jamming in wireless communication, but traditional two-step methods struggle with unknown deceptive jamming lacking training data. We propose One-step Network for Open-set JDPE (ONOJ) which using instance-level contrastive learning. In open-set scenarios, jamming of different classes have subtle feature differences due to similar generation principles, while same-class ones can vary significantly due to parameter disparities. To address this problem, we optimize the network backbone and region proposal modules, then introduce a novel aggregation method with unique prototype selection and a dynamic margin contrastive loss designed for jamming characteristics. These enhance open-set performance by balancing intra-class compactness and inter-class separability. Simulation results indicate that ONOJ demonstrates excellent adaptability and better efficiency in the real-world open wireless communication environment against unknown jamming.
{"title":"One-Step Network for Open-Set Jamming Detection and Parameter Estimation","authors":"Wentao Wang;Yulong Gao","doi":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3649422","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3649422","url":null,"abstract":"Jamming Detection and Parameter Estimation (JDPE) is critical for anti-jamming in wireless communication, but traditional two-step methods struggle with unknown deceptive jamming lacking training data. We propose One-step Network for Open-set JDPE (ONOJ) which using instance-level contrastive learning. In open-set scenarios, jamming of different classes have subtle feature differences due to similar generation principles, while same-class ones can vary significantly due to parameter disparities. To address this problem, we optimize the network backbone and region proposal modules, then introduce a novel aggregation method with unique prototype selection and a dynamic margin contrastive loss designed for jamming characteristics. These enhance open-set performance by balancing intra-class compactness and inter-class separability. Simulation results indicate that ONOJ demonstrates excellent adaptability and better efficiency in the real-world open wireless communication environment against unknown jamming.","PeriodicalId":13343,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","volume":"15 ","pages":"1130-1134"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145894932","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-29DOI: 10.1109/LWC.2025.3649433
Hala Mostafa;Mohamed Marey
We develop a modulation recognition algorithm for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals in decode-and-forward (DF) full-duplex (FD) cooperative broadcast systems. In such networks, accurate detection of the source modulation scheme is critical for reliable data detection at the destination. The proposed method jointly exploits the temporal delay diversity inherent in DF-FD architectures and feedback from the data decoding process to refine recognition decisions while maintaining manageable complexity. An iterative expectation–maximization procedure is designed for the maximum-likelihood estimate of the modulation format, with the additional capability of estimating timing information and frequency-selective channel parameters. Simulated evaluations under various OFDM scenarios verify the steady superiority of the proposed solution over conventional techniques.
{"title":"Modulation-Aware OFDM Design For DF-FD Cooperative Broadcast Systems","authors":"Hala Mostafa;Mohamed Marey","doi":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3649433","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3649433","url":null,"abstract":"We develop a modulation recognition algorithm for orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signals in decode-and-forward (DF) full-duplex (FD) cooperative broadcast systems. In such networks, accurate detection of the source modulation scheme is critical for reliable data detection at the destination. The proposed method jointly exploits the temporal delay diversity inherent in DF-FD architectures and feedback from the data decoding process to refine recognition decisions while maintaining manageable complexity. An iterative expectation–maximization procedure is designed for the maximum-likelihood estimate of the modulation format, with the additional capability of estimating timing information and frequency-selective channel parameters. Simulated evaluations under various OFDM scenarios verify the steady superiority of the proposed solution over conventional techniques.","PeriodicalId":13343,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","volume":"15 ","pages":"1245-1249"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-29","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145895567","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1109/LWC.2025.3648847
Dan Fei;Haoran Chen;Daiming Guo;Lichen Hong;He Hu;Guoyu Wang;Cheng Li;Chen Chen;Jiayi Zhang;Zhaohui Song;Bo Ai
Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can establish a virtual line-of-sight (VLoS) link which can enhance the coverage of high-speed railway (HSR) network. In this letter, the channel transfer function (CTF) of the RIS-based VLoS path in broadband HSR communication scenarios is modeled. Furthermore, a tapped-delay line based model is developed to characterize the RIS-assisted channel. Finally, simulations are conducted to analyze the channel coherence time and fading depth (FD) under different VLoS dominance levels. The results showed RIS significantly improved FD and coherence time. The findings provide physical insights for future measurement and RIS system design.
{"title":"RIS-Assisted Wideband Channel Modeling and Small-Scale Fading Analysis for High-Speed Railway Scenarios","authors":"Dan Fei;Haoran Chen;Daiming Guo;Lichen Hong;He Hu;Guoyu Wang;Cheng Li;Chen Chen;Jiayi Zhang;Zhaohui Song;Bo Ai","doi":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3648847","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3648847","url":null,"abstract":"Reconfigurable intelligent surface (RIS) can establish a virtual line-of-sight (VLoS) link which can enhance the coverage of high-speed railway (HSR) network. In this letter, the channel transfer function (CTF) of the RIS-based VLoS path in broadband HSR communication scenarios is modeled. Furthermore, a tapped-delay line based model is developed to characterize the RIS-assisted channel. Finally, simulations are conducted to analyze the channel coherence time and fading depth (FD) under different VLoS dominance levels. The results showed RIS significantly improved FD and coherence time. The findings provide physical insights for future measurement and RIS system design.","PeriodicalId":13343,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","volume":"15 ","pages":"1225-1229"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145845255","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1109/LWC.2025.3648532
Syed Luqman Shah;Nurul Huda Mahmood;Italo Atzeni
Accurate channel state information (CSI) is critical for current and next-generation multi-antenna systems. Yet conventional pilot-based estimators incur prohibitive overhead as antenna counts grow. In this letter, we address this challenge by developing a novel framework based on Gaussian process regression (GPR) that predicts full CSI from only a few observed entries, thereby reducing pilot overhead. The correlation between data points in GPR is defined by the covariance function, known as kernel. In the proposed GPR-based CSI estimation framework, we incorporate three kernels, i.e., radial basis function, Matérn, and rational quadratic, to model smooth and multi-scale spatial correlations derived from the antenna array geometry. The proposed approach is evaluated across two channel models with three distinct pilot probing schemes. Results show that the proposed GPR with 50% pilot saving achieves the lowest prediction error, the highest empirical 95% credible-interval coverage, and the best preservation of spectral efficiency relative to the benchmarks.
{"title":"Low-Overhead CSI Prediction via Gaussian Process Regression","authors":"Syed Luqman Shah;Nurul Huda Mahmood;Italo Atzeni","doi":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3648532","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3648532","url":null,"abstract":"Accurate channel state information (CSI) is critical for current and next-generation multi-antenna systems. Yet conventional pilot-based estimators incur prohibitive overhead as antenna counts grow. In this letter, we address this challenge by developing a novel framework based on Gaussian process regression (GPR) that predicts full CSI from only a few observed entries, thereby reducing pilot overhead. The correlation between data points in GPR is defined by the covariance function, known as kernel. In the proposed GPR-based CSI estimation framework, we incorporate three kernels, i.e., radial basis function, Matérn, and rational quadratic, to model smooth and multi-scale spatial correlations derived from the antenna array geometry. The proposed approach is evaluated across two channel models with three distinct pilot probing schemes. Results show that the proposed GPR with 50% pilot saving achieves the lowest prediction error, the highest empirical 95% credible-interval coverage, and the best preservation of spectral efficiency relative to the benchmarks.","PeriodicalId":13343,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","volume":"15 ","pages":"1075-1079"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"https://ieeexplore.ieee.org/stamp/stamp.jsp?tp=&arnumber=11315120","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145845256","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"OA","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-26DOI: 10.1109/LWC.2025.3648737
Kyubihn Lee;Kihyeun Kim;Nam Yul Yu
While semantic communications has shown great potential in single-user settings, interference over a shared multiple access channel (MAC) remains a key challenge in multi-user scenarios. In this letter, we propose a novel joint source-channel coding scheme with interference-mitigation learning (JSCC-IM) for task-oriented multi-user semantic communications. The proposed JSCC-IM employs a single-layer decoder to separate desired semantic features from multi-user interference in the aggregated signals over MAC. Then, we design a loss function that explicitly suppresses multi-user interference while preserving desired semantic features. Simulation results show that the JSCC-IM improves inference accuracy over conventional JSCC schemes by more than 5% and 3% in multi-user semantic inference and multi-view semantic fusion, respectively.
{"title":"Multi-User Semantic Communications With Interference-Mitigation Learning","authors":"Kyubihn Lee;Kihyeun Kim;Nam Yul Yu","doi":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3648737","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3648737","url":null,"abstract":"While semantic communications has shown great potential in single-user settings, interference over a shared multiple access channel (MAC) remains a key challenge in multi-user scenarios. In this letter, we propose a novel joint source-channel coding scheme with interference-mitigation learning (JSCC-IM) for task-oriented multi-user semantic communications. The proposed JSCC-IM employs a single-layer decoder to separate desired semantic features from multi-user interference in the aggregated signals over MAC. Then, we design a loss function that explicitly suppresses multi-user interference while preserving desired semantic features. Simulation results show that the JSCC-IM improves inference accuracy over conventional JSCC schemes by more than 5% and 3% in multi-user semantic inference and multi-view semantic fusion, respectively.","PeriodicalId":13343,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","volume":"15 ","pages":"1140-1144"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-26","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145845257","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
Pub Date : 2025-12-25DOI: 10.1109/LWC.2025.3648699
Yanshi Sun;Zhiguo Ding;George K. Karagiannidis
Recently, the study on pinching-antenna technique has attracted significant attention. However, most relevant literature focuses on a single-cell scenario, where the effect from the interfering pinching-antennas on waveguides connected to spatially distributed base stations (BSs) was ignored. To fulfill this knowledge gap, this letter aims to provide an analytical framework on performance evaluation for multi-cell pinching-antenna systems where spatially distributed waveguides which are connected to different BSs are considered. In particular, tools from stochastic geometry is applied for system modeling. The expression for the outage probability is obtained. Simulation results are provided to verify the accuracy of the analysis and demonstrate the superior performance of pinching-antenna system compared to fixed-antenna systems.
{"title":"A Stochastic Geometric Analysis on Multi-Cell Pinching-Antenna Systems Under Blockage Effect","authors":"Yanshi Sun;Zhiguo Ding;George K. Karagiannidis","doi":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3648699","DOIUrl":"10.1109/LWC.2025.3648699","url":null,"abstract":"Recently, the study on pinching-antenna technique has attracted significant attention. However, most relevant literature focuses on a single-cell scenario, where the effect from the interfering pinching-antennas on waveguides connected to spatially distributed base stations (BSs) was ignored. To fulfill this knowledge gap, this letter aims to provide an analytical framework on performance evaluation for multi-cell pinching-antenna systems where spatially distributed waveguides which are connected to different BSs are considered. In particular, tools from stochastic geometry is applied for system modeling. The expression for the outage probability is obtained. Simulation results are provided to verify the accuracy of the analysis and demonstrate the superior performance of pinching-antenna system compared to fixed-antenna systems.","PeriodicalId":13343,"journal":{"name":"IEEE Wireless Communications Letters","volume":"15 ","pages":"1085-1089"},"PeriodicalIF":5.5,"publicationDate":"2025-12-25","publicationTypes":"Journal Article","fieldsOfStudy":null,"isOpenAccess":false,"openAccessPdf":"","citationCount":null,"resultStr":null,"platform":"Semanticscholar","paperid":"145830096","PeriodicalName":null,"FirstCategoryId":null,"ListUrlMain":null,"RegionNum":3,"RegionCategory":"计算机科学","ArticlePicture":[],"TitleCN":null,"AbstractTextCN":null,"PMCID":"","EPubDate":null,"PubModel":null,"JCR":null,"JCRName":null,"Score":null,"Total":0}
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